VESICOURETERAL REFLUXVESICOURETERAL REFLUXBy: Manpreet and MunnyBy: Manpreet and Munny

What is it?• A physical defect resulting from an abnormal fold of

tissues in the urethra that keeps urine from flowing freely

• Only affects one ureter and kidney is called unilateral reflux

• The one that affects both kidneys and ureter is called bilateral reflux

• Reflux means the flow back of urine

Primary VUR

• Is when a child is born with a undeveloped ureter during the development in the womb (inherited)

• Occurs because the bladder wall doesn't close properly which causes urine to go back to the kidneys

• It can be treated on its own as the child grows and the ureter gets longer also and the functions of the valve improves

Primary VUR

Picture of a urinary tract infections.

Secondary VUR

• Blockage in the urinary tract that causes an increase in pressure, which pushes the urine back to the ureter

Symptoms

• Child has no symptoms

• When present in a child, it's a urinary tract infection due to a place for bacteria to grow

• Urinary tract infection

Risks

• Bacteria can move into kidneys which causes scarring, that can be associated with high blood pressure and kidney failure

Treatments for primary VUR

• Long term use of antibiotics

• Surgery but only when a scan shows inflammation of kidneys

• Deflux; a liquid that contains complex sugar are alternative treatments for surgery

Treatments for secondary VUR

• Surgery

• Antibiotics

• Draining the bladder by inserting a thin tube(catheter)

Antibiotics

• Amoxicillin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

• Prevent or treat infections, or reduce a chance of scarring which can lead to kidney damage

• Child may have to take it continuously until better

Statistics

• 1% of general population

• 50% of children with urinary tract infection will have VUR

• Ages from new borns to toddlers(primary)

• Any age group (secondary)

Bibliography

• kidney.niddk.gov/kudiseases/pubs/vesicoureteral

• healthlinkbc.ca/kb/content/special/tv7733spec.html

The end