vibrant gujarat bird's eye view of gujarat forest sector

Vibrant Gujarat – 2015Vibrant Gujarat 2015

Forest Sector

A Bird’s Eye View

1

Table of ContentsTable of Contents

1. Biodiversity & Forest Ecosystem

1.1 Global Scenario

1.2 India Scenario

1.3 Gujarat Scenario• Overview• Key Government Initiatives and Opportunities for Collaboration• Other Government Projects & Initiatives• Other Government Projects & Initiatives• Awards & Accolades

1.1 Biodiversity & Forest y

Ecosystem: Global Scenario

3

Biodiversity & Forest Ecosystem Snapshot of the Global Scenario

World Forest Cover, 1990 ‐ 2010 (in Million Hectares)

Forests cover 31 percent of the world’s land surface, just over 4 billion hectares. This is down from the pre-industrial area of 5.9 billion hectares.

600

800

1000

1200

Hectares

, ( )The world forest cover decreased from 4168

million hectare in 1990 to 4033 million hectare in 2010, i.e., a loss of over 3 percent in two decades.

0

200

400

600

Africa Asia Europe North and Oceania South

in M

illion

Africa Asia Europe North and Central America

Oceania South America

1990 2000 2010

Some 80 percent of the people living in developing countries depend on non‐timber forest products,

The spread of planted forests has been accelerating. Planted forests now cover nearly 264 million hectares, comprising

nearly 7 percent of total forest area.

i l illi l ld id f ll

4Sources : Adams, E. 2012, World Forest Area Still on the Decline, http://210.212.144.11/ntfp/index.html

p p ,such as fruits and herbs, for their primary health

and nutritional needs

Approximately 14 million people worldwide are formally employed in the forestry sector.


Ecosystem : India Scenario

5

Biodiversity & Forest EcosystemIndia Scenario

According to Global Forest Resource Assessment (GFRA), India is at 10th position in terms of forest area in the world.

As per India State of Forest Report 2013, the forest cover of India is 6,97,898 sq km, which is about p p q21% of the total geographical area

Over 45,000 plant species and 91 000 species of animals

Over 45,000 plant species and 91 000 species of animals

Important National Legislations:• Wildlife (Protection) Act, 197291,000 species of animals

have been recorded in India91,000 species of animals have been recorded in India

India is house to 4 of the 34 id tifi d bi di it

India is house to 4 of the 34 id tifi d bi di it

• Indian Forest Act, 1927 • Forest (conservation) Act, 1980• Protection of plant varieties and Farmers Right Act, 2001• Biological Diversity Act, 2002• The Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest dwellersidentified biodiversity

hotspotsidentified biodiversity

hotspots• The Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest dwellers, (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006

• The National Green Tribunal Act, 2010

REDD+National Parks 102National Parks 102 REDD+India has come out with a draft national policy on 'reducing

emissions from deforestation and forest degradation' (popularly known as REDD+ initiative) which will enable local communities to

get financial incentives for increasing forest cover

National Parks = 102Wildlife Sanctuaries = 527Community Reserves = 4Total Area under Protected Areas = 1,66,852 sq. km

National Parks = 102Wildlife Sanctuaries = 527Community Reserves = 4Total Area under Protected Areas = 1,66,852 sq. km

6Sources : Forest & Environment Department, Government of India

get financial incentives for increasing forest coverAreas 1,66,852 sq. kmAreas 1,66,852 sq. km

Biodiversity & Forest EcosystemBiodiversity Conservation: India Scenario

India signed the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1992.

Functions of NBA:

• Advise the government of India on matters relating to conservation of

3 tier structure is in place to achieve the objectives of

BDA 2002

Objectives:• Conservation of biological d

biodiversity, sustainable use of its components and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of utilization of biological resources

• Regulate activities and issue guidelines

BDA, 2002

National Level:diversity• Sustainable use of its components

• Fair and equitable sharing of h b f f

• Regulate activities and issue guidelines for access and benefit sharing

• Take necessary measures to oppose the grant of IPR in any country outside India on any biological resources obtained

National Level: National

Biodiversity Authority (NBA)

the benefits arising out of commercial utilization of biological resources and traditional knowledge

from India or knowledge associated with such biological resources derived from India

• Advice the State Government in the selection of areas of biodiversity

State Level: State Biodiversity

Board (SBB)

To fulfill the above objectives, the Biological Diversity Act,

selection of areas of biodiversity importance to be notified as “Biodiversity Heritage Sites (BHS)” and suggest measures for their managementP id id t BMC

( )

Local Level: Biodiversity

7Sources : Forest Department, Government of Gujarat

2002 (BDA, 2002) was enacted in 2003.

• Provide guidance to BMCs• Other functions to achieve goals of BDA, 2002

Management Committees (BMCs)

Biodiversity & Forest EcosystemIndia Scenario: Forest & Livelihood

There are around 1.73 lakh villages located in and around forests. Almost 40 to 60 per cent of their total income is derived from sale of forest products

F t & l i t ib t People living in these forest fringe villages depend upon forest for a variety of goods and services like collection of edible fruits, medicines;

Forestry & logging contributes to nearly 1.2 percent to India's

GDP

The Indian forest products i d t h d t t l f firewood for cooking (some also sale in

the market); materials for agricultural implements; fodder for livestock; and

collection of a range of marketable non‐timber forest products

industry had total revenue of USD 65,844.6 million in 2011, representing a

compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5 5 percent between timber forest products. (CAGR) of 5.5 percent between

2007 and 2011

8Sources : Forest & Environment Department, Government of India; TERI; http://www.iifm.ac.in/sites/default/files/working/IIFMWP-13-10-01.pdf


Ecosystem: Gujarat

ScenarioScenario

9

Biodiversity & Forest EcosystemForest Cover in Gujarat

The Forest area of Gujarat is about 11.05 % of total geographical area of the State

Forest Cover map of GujaratIncrease in forest cover

(in sq. km.) p j

10 00012,00014,00016,000 11,907

12,91314,619 14,653

( q )

02,0004,0006,0008,000

10,000

Estimated tree cover outside forest area is around 7,837 km sq (~4 percent of the

hi l f th t t )

1991 2001 2011 2013

geographical area of the state)

Bamboo bearing area in the forests of the state is around 4,091 km sq.

10Sources : Department of Forest, Government of Gujarat, http://www.fsi.org.in/cover_2013/gujrat.pdf, Socio Economic Review 2013‐ 14

Has almost 1315 species of medicinal plants

Biodiversity & Forest EcosystemBiogeographic Landscape in Gujarat

Gujarat contains four out of the ten biogeographic zones in India and covers six major ecosystems

Natural ecosystems of Gujarat range from wetlands (34,750 sq. km), grasslands (8,483 sq. km) and deciduous forestsNatural ecosystems of Gujarat range from wetlands (34,750 sq. km), grasslands (8,483 sq. km) and deciduous forests (18,868 sq. km) to deserts (23,000 sq. km). Its coastline, which spreads across almost 1600 km, houses variety of

coastal ecosystems like mangroves, coral reefs, estuaries and mudflats

Out of 16 Forest types

Moist and dry deciduous

found in India, 4 are present in Gujarat

forest are located mainly in the eastern belt from Banaskantha to Valsad

Th St t h b 14

Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests

The State harbors 14 percent of fish, 9 percent amphibians, 19 percent of reptiles, 37 percent of birds

and 25 percent of the

11Sources : http://www.vigyanprasar.gov.in/radioserials/indian_flora.pdf, , Department of Forest, Government of Gujarat

mammals recorded in the country Littoral and Swamps (including Mangroves) Thorn Forests

Biodiversity & Forest EcosystemBiodiversity

Gujarat is very rich in biodiversity, owing to varied biogeographic zones. So far, 4,228 species of plants and 2,728 species of animals have been recorded.

Out of the 8 threatened mammalian species in India, each having a single

population in the world, 2 of them (the Asiatic lion and Wild Ass) are found only

Almost 8 6 percent of state’s geographical

in Gujarat

Almost 8.6 percent of state s geographical area is protected wildlife area.

The rare great Indian bustard reserves, the world's only four‐horned antelope and the Black Buck are some other valued species protected in Gujarat

12Sources : , Department of Forest, Government of Gujarat

Biodiversity & Forest EcosystemWetlands in Gujarat

The extent of wetlands in Gujarat is about 34,750 sq. km (17.6% of the state’s geographical area) and 62% & 5.7% of India’s coastal wetlands and inland

wetlands respectively are in Gujarat9 protected areas have been Gujarat’s wetlands can be categorized in three types: (i) Inland wetlandsp

identified in the wetlands of the state:

• Great Rann Wildlife Sanctuary• Wild Ass Sanctuary in Little Rann

Gujarat s wetlands can be categorized in three types: (i) Inland wetlands, (ii) Coastal wetlands, and (iii) The Rann

Rann• Marine National Park• Marine Sanctuary• Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary• Thol Lake Bird Sanctuary

Great White Pelican, Nalsarovar

• Porbandar Bird Sanctuary• Khijadia Bird Sanctuary• Chharidhund Conservation Reserve

Oriental Darter and Cormorant at Khijadia Bird Sanctuary

Western Reef Egret near Jamnagar coast

Diversity of flora and fauna is high in the wetlands of Gujarat.

• A total of 3,23 species of wetlands of India are endemic or globally threatened, and at least

13

Sources: Forest Department, Government of Gujarat

Giant Sea Anemone in Marine National Park, Jamnagar

Avicennia marina in Marine National Park, Jamnagar

White Rann

g y30 of them are from Gujarat.

• Of 114 endemic wetland plants of India, 11 are found in the wetlands of Gujarat

1.3 Gujarat Scenarioj

Key Government

Initiatives and Areas for

Collaboration

14

Collaboration OpportunitiesEcotourism

Development of modern

technology for Development of infrastructure Eco friendly

hi l

Eco Development Livelihood/Pr

d ti itgy

preservation of sites

and facility for Eco Tourism

vehiclesoductivity enhancement activities

Non‐conventional sources of energy in &

Training and capacity building of Land Use

patternDevelopment of

research energy in & around

protected areas

government officials and community

pattern Management

research, laboratories

Habitat i t

Water resource Corridor

Development,Wildlife

d


improvementdevelopmentDevelopment, linking various eco tourism sites

rescue and treatment

Collaboration Opportunities: EcotourismUnique Ecosystems: Sites for Ecotourism (1/2)

Flamingo city, Kutch SaputaraSasan Gir, Junagadh

Located in the mudflats of the Rann, the area is the largest breeding ground of flamingos, a migratory

species.

Saputara Hill Station is located in the Sahyadri Hill at an altitude of approximately 1,000 metres

It is the sole home of the Asiatic Lionsand is considered to be one of the most important protected areas.

M G lf f K t h &Banni Grasslands, Kutch The Ranns, Kutch

Mangroves, Gulf of Kutch & Khambhat

H b id tifi d th l t

16

Has been identified as the last remaining habitats of the Cheetah in

India and a possible reintroduction site for

the species

Are the world’s only saline desert spread in 25,000 sq. km. and is house to several sanctuaries and

reserves

Gujarat holds nearly quarter of India’s mangrove cover and so far 14 species of mangroves have been

identified

Collaboration Opportunities: EcotourismNational Parks & Sanctuaries: Sites for Ecotourism (2/2)

Gujarat has a varied landscape which includes dry deciduous forests, majestic grasslands, wetlands, marine ecosystems and rich moist deciduous forests. These habitats are home to some

extremely rare wildlife such as Asiatic Lion, Wild Ass, etc

1. Gir Wild Life Sanctuary

2. Wild Ass Sanctuary

12. Gaga Wild Life Sanctuary

13. Rampara Sanctuary

Sanctuaries

3. Nal Sarovar Birds Sanctuary

4. Jessore Sloth Bear Sanctuary

14. Thol Lake Bird Sanctuary

15. Shoolpaneshwar Sanctuary

5. Barda Wild Life Sanctuary

6. Hingolgadh Sanctuary

7. Marine Sanctuary

16. Porbandar Birds Sanctuary

17. Pania Wild Life Sanctuary

18. Balaram Ambaji Sanctuary

8. Narayan Sarovar Sanctuary

9. Khijadia Bird Sanctuary

10 h l S

19. Jambuhoda Sanctuary

20. Purna Wild Life Sanctuary

21. Kutch Bustard Sanctuary1 Gir Forest National Park 3 Vansda National Park

National Parks

17

10. Ratanmahal Sanctuary

11. Kutch Desert Sanctuary

y

22. Mitiyala Wildlife Sanctuary

1. Gir Forest National Park 3. Vansda National Park

2. Blackbuck National Park 4. Marine National Park

Government Initiatives and Areas for CollaborationMarine Wildlife Sanctuary & Park

India’s first Marine Wildlife Sanctuary and first Marine National Park were created here in the Gulf of Kutch in 1980 and 1982, respectively

It is an archipelago of 42 tropical islands along Sea Anemone Octopus p g p gthe northern coast of Jamnagar district and the southern coast of Kutch, covering an area

of 458 sq. km

Landforms include grasslands marshy areas

Sea Anemone p

Landforms include grasslands, marshy areas, rocky shores, mudflats, creeks, estuaries, sandy strands, coral reefs, and mangroves

Houses 52 coral species, about 80 Platecoralbird species including Painted Stork, Darter and Black‐necked Ibis and smaller cetaceans like Common Dolphin, Bottlenose Dolphin, etc

G j t h th l t tli i I di ith i h bi di it Si il i k d

Some of the finest coral reef fringe islands are found at Pirotan, Narala,

Ajad and PositaraBirds at Pirotan island

18Sources : Forest Department, Government of Gujarat, Tourism Department, Government of Gujarat

Gujarat has the longest coastline in India with rich biodiversity. Similar marine parks and museums can be established along the coast of Gulf of Khambhat with water activities like snorkeling, fishing,

etc

Supply Chain and Livelihood EnhancementGujarat Forestry Development Project (GFDP)

Communities involved in the project have experienced improved infrastructuralfacilities, developed economic activities and have diversified their income structure.

Objectives Project Activities include

• Enhance the quality and extent of forest through improved forest management, rehabilitation and protection and livelihood of the population in the project villages. This involves diversification of the

Forest Development Management1

project villages. This involves diversification of the households’ economic activities and improvement of the local infrastructure

• Training of the community members for better i l t ti f f t t i d

Social Forestry Development Management

Wildlife Conservation and Development

2

3

implementation of forest management regimes and alternative production techniques

Project Area

Community / Tribal Development

Support activities like survey, capacity building, research etc

4

512 Tribal & 3 Non Tribal Districts 13 Territorial Forest Division (including 6 PAs) & 1 Territorial sub division, 1 Wildlife Division (1 PA), 10 Social Forestry Divisions of Gujarat State. Forest areas in Rajkot Forest Division for Grass lands and Jamnagar MNP division Kutch (W)

Project Period Project Cost

research etc

19Sources : https://www.giz.de/en/downloads/giz2012‐gujarat‐forestry‐development‐is‐en.pdf, http://www.gujaratforest.org/project‐at‐glance.htm

Grass lands and Jamnagar MNP division, Kutch (W) /Kutch (E) division for Mangroves

2007‐08 to 2016‐17 ~USD 130 million

Supply Chain and Livelihood EnhancementGujarat Forestry Development Project (GFDP)

Success Story: Custard Apple

Six Joint Forest Management Committees

In consultation with the state Market

Sales quantity

~Average rate

~Total IncomeManagement Committees

(JFMCs) formed in Chhotaudepur Forest Division of Vadodara District. The region naturally grows variety of

with the state Forest Department, the JFMCs decided to collectively market the custard apple

Market quantity (kg)

e rate USD/ kg

Income (USD)

Reliance Fresh

7,138 0.4 2,855

di 3 600 0 1 89naturally grows variety of custard apple

the custard apple and linkages were established with fruit markets

Mandi 3,600 0.17 589

Mandi 3,080 0.12 382

Total 13.818 3,826

Total Villages involved = 6

Net Profit = ~USD 3,260

They collected nearly 13.8 tons of custard apple and sold them to fruit markets of Vadodara, Ahmedabad and Reliance Fresh in Vadodara. They earned a net profit of ~USD 3,260 in 11 – day season

The experiment was taken as a pilot and has now been expanded to three clusters of about 30 JFMC villages of

Chhotaudepur Forest Division

20

Chhotaudepur Forest Division

Sources : Forest Department, Government of Gujarat

Supply Chain and Livelihood EnhancementSpecial Scheme for Medicinal plants: Gugal

“Gugal” (Commiphora wightii) an important Ayurvedic plant is decreasing. To address this, the National Medicinal Plant Board (NMPB), India sanctioned a Gugal project of ~USD 1.28 million to

increase its production.

Obj iObjectives

Undertake baseline survey / inventory for Gugal distribution in Gujarat

Establish MPCAs for Gugal in medicinal plantsEstablish MPCAs for Gugal in medicinal plants hotspots

Identify CPTs and seed production areas

Afforest and promote the cultivation of important

Gujarat Scenario

• Financial outlay USD 2.905 Million for 2007‐08 to

Afforest and promote the cultivation of important medicinal plant species

Standardize sustainable harvesting methods of conservation concern species

y2009‐2010; Amount spent – USD 2.903 Million

• 7661 Ha planted against a target of 6486 Ha • 0.5 million plants distributed to farmers (against a

target of 0 5 million)

Supplement supply of Gugal gum resin for its use in the Ayurvedic medicines

Explore the commercial viability of Gugal as an option for farmers in degraded lands / NWFP focus

21

target of 0.5 million)

• 400 Ha planted during 2012‐2013


option for farmers in degraded lands / NWFP focus species

Supply Chain and Livelihood EnhancementSpecial Scheme for Medicinal plants: Dashmool

National Medicinal Plant Board (NMPB), India sanctioned INR 500 lac to fulfill the increasing demand and improve the quality of medicinal plants used in preparation of Ayurvedic medicine

called “Dashmool”

Objectives

Conservation and development of dashmool plants

f bl h

Work Strategy

Establishment of Medicinal Plant Development Areas for dashmool plants, distribution of seedlings and supporting

activities like marketing infrastructure and HRD.

Establishment of medicinal Plant Development AreasStandardization of sustainable harvesting

Enhancement of the people’s participation

Empowerment of local people Concentrated Forest areas of 500 ha. For Dashmool l t ti i V l d S t d N d di t i t1

Improvement of the economic condition of local people

Development of the data base

plantations in Valsad, Surat and Narmada districts

Shivan, Bael, Patala, Tetu, Arni, Pithvan and Salparni are proposed for plantations.

1

2

Stakeholders

Traditional practitioners and health healers, Pharmaceutical industries and traders, Forest

Plant population of 5625/ha

Annual harvesting of the roots of the shrubs, three year cycle for tree species under hedge

3

4


department, Research organizations, Universities, NGOs, GSFDC Ltd., AYUSH. Mechanism for replanting of harvested areas

5

Supply Chain and Livelihood EnhancementDHANVANTRI - Ayurvedic Formulations & Wild Honey Processing Unit

Scope of adding many more herbal product including MFP to augment resource mobilization and employment generation for the tribal and rural poor

Objectives:• To enhance the collection of existing MFP

Opportunities:• GSFDC is planning upgradation of the unitTo enhance the collection of existing MFP

• To ensure expansion and growth of the Corporation as well as diversifying the activity and income bases in the long run

• GSFDC is planning upgradation of the unitlooking to its current manufacturing capacityagainst the demand for its products in themarket and Government Ayurvedic Colleges andHospitals

• During the year 2014‐15, the Corporation hasplanned to establish a Modern Laboratory andlatest machineries and equipments to improveon both on quality control and capacity building

Achievements:• The unit manufactures 22 types of Powder (Churna), 4 types of Tablets, 2 types of Oil and 8 types of Proprietaryproducts

• GSFDC has a processing capacity of 1,50,000 kgs. per annum for Honey• State of art fully automatic Honey treatment plant and bottle filling plant to guarantee the ‘organic’ characteristics• State‐of‐art fully automatic Honey treatment plant and bottle filling plant to guarantee the organic characteristicsof honey to the valued customers

• Current network of retail sale counters spread throughout the State viz; Vadodara, Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar,Ambaji, Junagadh, Jamnagar & Rajkot with a view to ensure required supply of genuine forest products andayurvedic medicines to the consumers

23Sources : Gujarat State Forest Development Corporation Limited (GSFDC)

• Dhanvantari unit is a leading supplier of Honey to various Dairies viz. Sugam Dairy (Vadodara), Vasudhara Dairy(Chikhali, Dist. Navsari), Banas Dairy (Palanpur) for Ice cream manufacturing

Supply Chain and Livelihood EnhancementMinor Forest Produce (MFP) and Medicinal Plant material Collection

Assist the tribals fetch a remunerative price for the MFP collected by them through the mechanism of Minimum Support Price (MSP) and removal of middlemen

Objectives:• Collection/procurement processing and marketing of MFPCollection/procurement, processing and marketing of MFP• Introducing various schemes for tribal farmers including cultivation of medicinal plants by the tribal farmers and buyback of these raw drugs by the Corporation at remunerative rates

• Conduct training programs for tribal farmers through seminars with the help of experts

ImpactImpact• Through the Gujarat MFP Trade Nationalization Act, 1979, the trade of four MFPs viz., the Timru leaf, Mhowraflower, Mhowra Seeds and Gums were nationalized in Gujarat

• Besides Timru Leaves (Bidi Leaves), Mohwra Flowers (Madhuca indica), Mohwra Seeds, Puwad (Cassia tora), alltypes of gums and Wild Honey and about 100 other MFPs are collected and traded by the Corporation

Opportunities:• Increased trade of other MFPs

• Collection and sale of MFPs by the tribals generate employment particularly during summer when other incomegeneration opportunities do not exist

Achievements:• The Corporation pays approximately USDIncreased trade of other MFPs

other than the fournationalized MFPs

• Partnership with marketingcompanies to get better

i f h d

The Corporation pays approximately USD0.1 million to USD 0.2 million per annum asprocurement expenditure to the tribals

• After introduction of PESA and Forest RightsAct (FRA), GSFDC has been doing these

i i i b h lf f P h d

24Sources : Gujarat State Forest Development Corporation Limited

remuneration from the tradeof MFPs

activities on behalf of Panchayats andTribals respectively on no profit no loss basis

Supply Chain and Livelihood EnhancementState Bamboo Mission: Towards a better livelihood

Project on Bamboo Development in Gujarat State under National Bamboo Mission

To promote the growth of the bamboo sector through as an area based regionally differentiated strategy1 based regionally differentiated strategy

To increase the coverage of area under bamboo in potential areas, with improved varieties to enhance yields

To promote marketing of bamboo and bamboo based

2

ObjectivesTo promote marketing of bamboo and bamboo based handicrafts and to generate employment opportunities

To establish convergence and synergy among stake‐holders for the development bamboo

3

4

Objectives

The full length bamboos are To promote, develop and disseminate technologies through a seamless blend of traditional wisdom and modern scientific

knowledge5

gsupplied to primitive tribe

individual and co‐operatives at concessional rates

25


Government Initiatives and Collaboration OpportunitiesEco development Scheme

OBJECTIVES:

World Bank assisted Eco Development Scheme has been implemented around the Gir Sanctuary since 1998 - 99

• Improve Protected area Planning Process and Building Capacity

Improved Protected Area Management

Building Capacity• Protect and Manage Eco‐System and Habitat• Upgrading Amenities for the Protected area Staff

Village Eco Development Eff ti d The model is now being

• Environmental Education

• Participatory Micro‐planning and implementation Support.

• Reciprocal Commitments to Forest Alternative Livelihoods and

Development Effective andExtensive Support for Protected Area Management Through:

The model is now being replicated across the state

• Impact Monitoring and Research

Resource Uses

• J.F.M. and Voluntary Relocation Options

26Source: Forest Department, Government of Gujarat

Government Initiatives and Collaboration OpportunitiesSocial Forestry: CSR Interventions and PPP projects

Vision for the future: Activities to be undertaken

Supplying high quality fast growing planting stock for agro forestry plantation and expanding agro‐forestry under MGNREGAMGNREGA

Raising tall seedlings for strip and urban plantations and also village forests, including plantations on ponds/ lake sides

Expanding urban and industrial forestry to improve green cover i iti / t d i d t i lin cities/ towns and industrial areas

Developing and propagating biotechnology interventions in agro forestry

Bringing technological advancement in agro‐forestry plantation g g g g y pand developing locally suitable agro forestry combinations and integrated forestry plantation models/ packages

Raising tree cover along the river banks and in and around ponds/ water bodies

Creating a mass movement involving civic society, school/ colleges, institutions, etc for tree plantation and their subsequent care

Implementing program at Taluka level to intensify tree plantation


Implementing program at Taluka level to intensify tree plantation and improve tree cover under “Apno Taluko Vibrant Taluko” (ATVT)

Other Collaboration OpportunitiesConservation through modern technology (1/2)

The advancement in technology and its online applications can be used to understand the status of forest and forestry in different areas of Gujarat

A d i li f The State’s Forest & EnvironmentA dynamic online forest monitoring and alert system can be adopted that empowers people

h t b tt

The State s Forest & Environment Department is in the process of

implementing MIS/ GIS Integrated Mapping with PDA / Smart Phone

This system will be useful in tracking ti iti likeverywhere to better

manage forests.

The mapping li ti it

activities like:

• Land management• Plantation & NurseryE t i

• Wildlife rescue• Forest offence• EncroachmentA i lapplication unites

satellite technology, open data, and

crowdsourcing to have ti l d li bl

• Eco tourism• Alert for fire• Tree cutting

• Animal – man conflict

Objective:timely and reliable information about

forests

Such a system has been

j• Minimizing paper work• Seamless & easy working environment

using latest ICT• Protect the Forest Area & save Man –

28Sources : http://www.wri.org/our‐work/topics/forests

yused by: Brazil (Amazon)

Animal Conflict• Improved communication

Other Collaboration OpportunitiesConservation through modern technology (2/2)

Technological shifts are helpful in enabling greater accountability and transparency, leading to strong commitments and establishing clear expectations of their suppliers

Ad f h l d i i li iCompanies which are

Advancement of technology and its more extensive applications are changing the way of forest management

ptracking their supply

chain are:

Consumer Goods Forum, a group of more than 400 retailers, manufacturers, and other organizations, has pledged to mobilize resources

to help achieve zero net deforestation by 2020. h ll b d b d h l h h ll ll i f hThis will be done by adopting technologies which will allow tracing of the

entire supply chain.

Such mechanisms are encouraging business to disclose more information to the public, resulting in improved accountability.

This is also helping the companies in managing their risks better, whilst ib i h i f

29Sources : http://www.wri.org/our‐work/topics/forests, http://www.ikea.com/ms/en_KW/pdf/sustainability_report/group_approach_sustainability_fy11.pdf, http://www.wri.org/blog/changing‐landscape‐forest‐management, http://greenpeaceblogs.org/2014/04/07/7‐steps‐companies‐must‐take‐stop‐deforestation/

contributing to the conservation of nature

Other Opportunities for Collaboration in Gujarat

Use of Forest

Tree farming both for Climate

Environment Education & Research

produce such as timber, medicinal plants (supply

chain)

environment conservation

and commercial

Climate Change

mitigation mechanisms

)use

Organic

Vaccination of domestic Better Eco

d l i Organic farming

animal around protected areas

agricultural/horticultural practices

development in fringe villages

30Sources : Department of Forest & Environment, Government of Gujarat

1.3 Gujarat Scenario: j

Other Government

ProjectsProjects

31

Biodiversity & Forest EcosystemGujarat Government Initiatives & Projects

State of Gujarat has been at the forefront in implementing schemes initiated by the Central government and other agencies like Japan International Cooperation Agency. They are mentioned

below:

Centrally Sponsored Schemes

Schemes implemented in FY 13Plantation Physical Targets

(ha)Financial Targets (USD million)

13th Finance Commission 1500 3 4713th Finance Commission 1500 3.47

Intensification of Forest Management Scheme 0 1.01

Mangroves and Coral Reefs – Management (Proposed)

4700 1.11(Proposed)

Fodder Development Scheme (Proposed) 500 0.46

Total 12631 6.05

ll id d j ( i l C i )Externally Aided projects (Japan International Cooperation Agency)

Jica project – Non ‐ Tribal 4698 3.37

Jica project ‐ Tribal 16820 10.7

32

Total 21598 14.07


Gujarat Government Initiatives & ProjectsMangrove Development: A success story

The mangrove forest cover of Gujarat stands second behind West Bengal

Every year approximately Soil conservation Protection from

l di 12,000 ha are being planted through

peopleparticipation

(C it b d

in coastal areas natural disasters like cyclones, Tsunamis etc

Objectives and advantages ofObjectives

(Community based organizations and

PPP)Increase in

biodiversity andSource of food and livelihood

advantages of mangrove

development

biodiversity and fish production for people living

on the coasts

Over 2.5 times increase in less than 2 decades

(from 397 Sq Km in 1991 to 1103 Sq Km

i )

The mangrove restoration project by Gujarat Ecology Commission envisages to achieve:

Enhanced capacity of communities to regenerate and sustainably manage mangrove

Increased support from industry in conserving and regenerating mangroves

More proactive involvement of the government in community based

33Sources : Forest Department, Government of Gujarat, The New Indian Express

in 2013)resources for increased livelihoodopportunities

regeneration and conservation of mangroves

Gujarat Government Initiatives & ProjectsJoint Forest Management (JFM) Program in Gujarat

The Joint Forest Management program , initiated in 1991 in the state ,is a step forward for involving people in the management of natural resources, along with the government, on

care and share basisUnder this the families at the village level form communities These JFM committees protect forest areaUnder this , the families at the village level form communities. These JFM committees protect forest area against encroachment, cultivation, fire, illicit cutting and grazing. NGOs or voluntary organizations train the

village organization to carry out JFM activities.

Progress So FarTimber: 50% in degraded, 16% in good forestsThe total forest area brought under JFM till

June, 2013 is 4.29 lac hectares (20% of the total forest area) involving 3 288 JFMCs

NTFP (including grasses) ‐ free

Poles: 50% of collected poles

What people get

total forest area) involving 3,288 JFMCs

• 3288 JFM committees covering 4,29,235 ha of forest land

• Over 2 million beneficiaries

Firewood: Free

g

There has been a considerable increase in the forest cover, owing to various

Over 2 million beneficiaries • 312 Eco Development Committees

34

, gmanagement interventions , most important

being JFM

Gujarat Government Initiatives & ProjectsJoint Forest Management (JFM) Program in Gujarat: Meeting the MDGs

MillenniumDevelopment Goals

Over 2,000 village level democratic formal institutions for forest management have been established. 40 percent are women in these

organizations

Promote gender equality

Eradicate Extreme Poverty

Achieve universal primary education

Micro plans have been prepared and approved by the general bodyof organizations and all of them on an average have ~USD 416 corpus fund available for implementation of micro and forest management

plans

Promote gender equality and empower women

Reduce child mortality

Improve maternal health

The State Government’s initiatives to achieve these 6 new biodiversity hotspot sites have been created

At least 40% of the plantations in degraded forest areas are rehabilitated into open forest, 40% of the plantations in open forest

are rehabilitated into moderately dense forest

Improve maternal health

Combat HIV/ AIDS, malaria and other

achieve these goals:

Women SHGs have been established as democratic village institutions in the project area. SHGs have access to banks with Ensure environmental

6 ecotourism sites created

To date, 40% of reproductive women and children have got benefited through reproductive and child care camps by better access to

vaccinations and free medicine to pregnant women

p jsavings. sustainability

Good Governance

Develop a global partnership for development


Good Governance

Gujarat Government Initiatives & ProjectsSocial Forestry: Salient Features

Salient Features

To monitor the impact of the Social Forestry, Gujarat was first to take initiative to conduct tree census to estimate total tree

l i i h

Dominant trees in non forest areas in Gujarat

f fpopulation in the state

The annual rate of improvement in tree cover is over ten percent during the last decade

Tree population has improved by 19 2% in a decade (2003‐13)

NameNo. of trees (in Millions)

Percentage of total trees

Neem(Azadirachta 45.48 15.09Tree population has improved by 19.2% in a decade (2003‐13)

in Gujarat State

Total number of trees has increased from 251 million (excluding dangs) in the first counting in 2003 to 268.7 million in the second tree counting and then to 301 4 million in the third tree

(Indica)

Deshi Baval(Acacia nilotica)

28.11 9.33

second tree counting and then to 301.4 million in the third tree counting in 2013

The growing stock of timber and fuel wood has also increased substantially due to increase in the number of trees

Nilgiri (Eucalyptus sp)

27.33 9.07

Ardusa

Highest increase in Ardusa (Ailanthus excelsa) trees from 3.97 million in 2003 to 9.77 million in 2013 (150 percent increase in ten years)

Implementing tree plantation on private farm land and

(Ailanthus Excelsa)

9.77 3.24

As in 2009, the economic contribution of the tree t id f t (TOF) i th GDP f th t t


Implementing tree plantation on private farm land and promoting agro forestry

outside forests (TOF) in the GDP of the state was about USD 726 million

Gujarat Government Initiatives & ProjectsSocial Forestry: Gujarat as a Role Model

Social Forestry was seen as a people’s programme. Under this initiative, the state embarked upon an ambitious mission of organizing and motivating people to take up tree plantation on lands like Panchayat lands, wastelands, roadsides, canal sides, school and

college compounds and other government and private lands.

As a result of this programme, the total number of trees in the non forest areas increased from 251.0 million in 2003 to 301.0 million in 2013 which is a commendable increase of 5 million trees per year

A major initiative of the Gujarat Government in promoting j j p gSocial Forestry is the celebration of Van Mahotsav on a

massive scale. The celebration of Van Mahotsav takes place at the district,taluka and village levels to create awakening towardsafforestation and helps build strong links between trees and

The cumulative achievement of Social Forestry works

afforestation and helps build strong links between trees andpeople. Tree plantation campaigns are conducted in urbanareas and about 90 to 100 million seedlings are suppliedannually.

The cumulative achievement of Social Forestry works (1969 ‐ 2012)

Strip Plantations 1.03 lakh ha.

Panchayat Lands (Village Forest) 1.32 lakh ha.

37

Private Degrade Lands Seedling 2.46 lakh ha.

Seedling Distribution (VM) 491 crores


Gujarat Government Initiatives & ProjectsSocial Forestry: Success story

Anand is a model district of Social Forestry development, including agro-forestry, where people have benefited both socially and economically

Case study: AnandCase study: AnandTrees population in Anand District • Anand is a leading district in term of agro‐forestry, animal husbandry and agriculture

• Earning from agro‐forestry has become one of the main economic activities for farmers in the di t i t

• Anand is a leading district in term of agro‐forestry, animal husbandry and agriculture

• Earning from agro‐forestry has become one of the main economic activities for farmers in the di t i t21

21.521.1

p p(in Million)

district

• Anand, which is a non forest district in central Gujarat, has now become one of the greenest districts in India with highest density of trees in non forest areas

district

• Anand, which is a non forest district in central Gujarat, has now become one of the greenest districts in India with highest density of trees in non forest areas19

19.520

20.521

19

20.12

non forest areas

• Tree density of 66 trees/ hectare• There is a well organized market system for timber trade and movement of wood to other states

non forest areas

• Tree density of 66 trees/ hectare• There is a well organized market system for timber trade and movement of wood to other states

17.518

18.5

2003 2008 2013

Case Study: Malav Village (Panchmal District)

• Malav Village in Panchmal District is known for agroforestry of Eucalyptus species (Nilgiri)

• 80% of the farmers of Malav village adopted agro forestry


• 80% of the farmers of Malav village adopted agro‐forestry

• About 10.88 Lacs Eucalyptus trees are raised in the village and every year about 1 Lac trees are harvested

Gujarat Government Initiatives & ProjectsSocial Forestry: Cultural Forest

S k i ik i G jS k i ik i G jObj i f bli hi S k i ik C l lObj i f bli hi S k i ik C l l

Gujarat Forest Department developed ten Sanskritik Van on sites spread across the state, as a part of the initiative state level Van Mahotsav celebration

Sanskritik Van in Gujarat• “Punit Van” at Gandhinagar• “Mangalya Van” at Ambaji• “Tirthankar Van” at Taranga“H ih V ” S h

Sanskritik Van in Gujarat• “Punit Van” at Gandhinagar• “Mangalya Van” at Ambaji• “Tirthankar Van” at Taranga“H ih V ” S h

Objective of establishing Sanskritik Vans or Cultural Forests

• To increase active participation of the people for increasing tree coverT k l i d i h i l

Objective of establishing Sanskritik Vans or Cultural Forests

• To increase active participation of the people for increasing tree coverT k l i d i h i l • “Harihar Van” at Somnath

• “Bhakti Van” at Chotila• “Shyamal Van” at Shamlaji• “Pawak Van” at Palitana“Vi V ” P h

• “Harihar Van” at Somnath• “Bhakti Van” at Chotila• “Shyamal Van” at Shamlaji• “Pawak Van” at Palitana“Vi V ” P h

• To make people acquainted with our ancient culture• To strengthen our cultural & traditional values for protecting trees

• To connect people with the tree plantation & protectionT d l l l i

• To make people acquainted with our ancient culture• To strengthen our cultural & traditional values for protecting trees

• To connect people with the tree plantation & protectionT d l l l i • “Virasat Van” at Pavagarh

• “Govind Guru Smrutivan” at Mangadh• “Nagesh Van” at Dwarka

• “Virasat Van” at Pavagarh• “Govind Guru Smrutivan” at Mangadh• “Nagesh Van” at Dwarka

• To develop cultural sites• To create awareness among people about religious & medicinal plants

• To develop cultural sites• To create awareness among people about religious & medicinal plants


Gujarat Government Initiatives & ProjectsIntegrated Coastal Zone Management Project (ICZMP): Gujarat Scenario

ICZMP: A World Bank aided project being implemented in the Gulf of Kachchh with GEC as the State Project Management Unit

Achievements

Policy making

Appropriate control

measures

MonitoringMangrove plantation in 8180 ha.

Workshops on sea turtle conservation and hatchery management have been conducted

EnforcementDevelopment of guidelines/ standards

Activities under ICZM Coral transplantation has been completed in 8 sq.mt area

Formation of 104 CBOs and 40 Eco‐development committees under socio‐economic development

Boundary Definition

Incentives and

Disincentives

Field hatcheries near Dwarka have been developed and several baby turtles have been released into the sea

Bio‐physical data collection has been undertaken for data collection and protocol development for the mapping of bio‐physical parameters

Zoning

GEC is working with Tourism Corporation of

283 Self Help Groups have been formed

161 Social Audit Committees have been formed and 538 community members were given training by Unnati, Ahmedabad

40Sources : FAO, Forest Department, Government of Gujarat

Gujarat Limited to develop a fifth generation oceanarium

Out of 160 villages, PRA exercise is completed in 149 villages

Many trainings and workshops have been conducted to strengthen the capacity of the state for effective coastal zone management

Gujarat Government Initiatives & Projects Biodiversity Conservation through Access & Benefit Sharing

IncentivesCommercial utilization of Bio‐resources Initiatives

Conservation of Biological Diversity

Sustainable use of Biodiversity componentscomponents

ABS mechanism for Biological Resources and associated Traditional Knowledge

Legal support

d

Biodiversity Act, 2002, Govt. of India

Biological diversity Rules, 2004 G f I di

Government of Gujarat

National Biodiversity BoardFinancial supportgoverned

by2004, Govt of India

Gujarat Biological Diversity Rules, 2010: Notified by the Govt. of Gujarat

National Biodiversity Board

UNEP ‐ GEF

support from

Vision for t 5

Constitution of BMC’s in all the village panchayats of Gujarat

41Sources : Gujarat Biodiversity BoardNote: ABS: Access and Benefit Sharing Mechanism

next 5 years Signing of ABS agreements

through ABS mechanism

Gujarat Government Initiatives & Projects (1/2)Ecological Conservation: A combined effort of the people and the state

Government of Gujarat established the GEER Foundation in 1982 to educate the common man in the field of ecological conservation and environmental awareness and make wildlife conservation a

joint responsibility of the public and the government

GEER Foundation is rated as one of the best organizations for training by Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of

India.

The Foundation conducts focused training programmes for senior /

Ecological Research

IFS/SFS officers, front‐line forest staff, scientific officers and researchers, local communities and eco‐guides from various States of

India on topics relating to ecology, biodiversity, climate change, environment etc. It also trains students (of High‐school, Colleges and

Universities) under the aegis of National Green Corps (NGC)

Activities of Gujarat Ecological

Ed ti d U e s es) u de e aeg s o a o a G ee o ps ( G )and Nature Education Camps (NEC).

Almost 3368 camps have been held all over the State under the auspices of

Education and Research (GEER) Foundation

Ecological Education

Natural history interpretation

In 2008, it received “Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife

pGEER Foundation and other territorial and local Conservators of Forests

wherein 1.89 lakh students and 3500 teachers have been trained on different

aspects of conservation of nature,

42Sources : Forest Department, Government of Gujarat, GEER Foundation

Conservation Award for the year 2006” ‐ from Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India

p ,ecology and environment" (as on Dec

2013)

Gujarat Government Initiatives & Projects (2/2)Ecological Conservation: A combined effort of the people and the state

GEER Foundation specializes in ecological research aimed at conserving nature through its use in developing conservation management plans

men

t To understand the impact of fast emerging developmental

To build action plans for conservation and management of ea

rch Gujarat's rich Biodiversity has been adequately

captured in the species‐specific research

mpa

ct Assessm

g g pchanges on Gujarat’s environment. Major works:

EIA of Sardar Sarovar Project on Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary and Velavadar National Park m

Research

gvarious ecosystems of Gujarat. Major works:

• Action Plan for conservation and management of Nalsarovar wetland (completed) ic

Spe

cific

Rese p p p

conducted by GEER Foundation. Major works:• Study of Identifying Coral Reef health indicators in the Gulf of Kachchh (completed)

• Socio‐Economic Feasibility Study of Bamboos & their Products in Gujarat State (completed)

• Biodiversity and Coral Transplantation in thenviron

men

tal I (completed)

Collection of Baseline Data pertaining to Biodiversity and Socio‐economics in Dholera SIR Area (ongoing)

Ecosystem

• Study of Wetlands in Gujarat with Special Emphasis on the Information Networking on Habitat and Diversity (ongoing)

• Wetland study of Chhari Dhundh pecies and

Top

i • Biodiversity and Coral Transplantation in the Gulf of Kachchh) under Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ongoing)

• Impact of forestry interventions in urban and sub‐urban areas of Gujarat

• (proposed)

En

Atlas

Status reports, surveys and atlas help take stock of the present and chalking out a future course of action. It involves comprehensive study and evaluation of

Wetland study of Chhari Dhundhin Rann of Kachchh (ongoing)

rch

Biological studies are undertaken at different sanctuaries and National Parks of Gujarat. Based on these, special measures are

Sp

Chan

ge

As a step towards assessing & addressing the issues related to climate change, GEER Foundation undertakes various scientific studies at state level. Major works:

s Survey and

A comprehensive study and evaluation of the existent ecospheres, endangered species and status of nature education in Gujarat. Major works:• Evaluation Reports on Centrally Sponsored Scheme for Conservation d M t f M d

versity Re

sea on these, special measures are

designed and implemented to conserve and enhance the existing flora and fauna.

• Biodiversity of Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary (completed)h

on Clim

ate C studies at state level. Major works:

• Assessment of carbon storage potential of forest areas of Gujarat (ongoing)

• Study of Green House Gas emissions of Gujarat and modeling its future trends(ongoing)I t f l b l i di t

43Sources : Forest Department, Government of Gujarat, GEER Foundation

Status and Management of Mangroves and

Coral Reefs by MoEF, GoI (completed)• Status of Dugong in India (completed)• Ecology of the Coral Reefs of Gujarat(ongoing)

Biod

i y ( p )

• Biodiversity study of “Northern Tapi Forest” areas of Gujarat with special emphasis to small mammals (ongoing)

Research • Impact of global warming on disaster

patterns in Gujarat (ongoing)• Assessment of carbon storage potential of tree cover (outside forest area) of Gujarat (ongoing)

Gujarat Government Initiatives & ProjectsSoil and Moisture Conservation

The Department has implemented soil and moisture conservation works intensively such as construction of check

dams, van talawadis, gully plugging, and forest tanks.

From 1995 96 to 2010 11 a total of 8 298 van talawadi (forestFrom 1995 – 96 to 2010 – 11, a total of 8,298 van talawadi (forest pond) and 9,249 check dams were constructed by the

department


1.3 Gujarat Scenarioj

Awards and Accolades

45

Biodiversity & Forest EcosystemAwards & Accolades

• India Biodiversity Award‐2014, jointly instituted by Indian government and the UNDP, for its contribution towards the conservation of the Whale sharksits contribution towards the conservation of the Whale sharks.

• Sanctuary's Best Protected Area Award 2013‐ Gir Forest National Park

• National award for the best wildlife and eco‐tourism site of 2008‐ Gir national park and sanctuary

• Indira Priyadarshini Vrikshamitra Award for 2006, 2007 and 2008 for outstanding performance in social forestry and reclamation of wastelands in Gujarat. The Award has been constituted by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India

• Teri Award 2007 for Water conservation work at Girnar Forest

• Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation Award 2006 by Ministry of Environment and Forest• Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation Award 2006 by Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India for unique contribution in the field of research leading to conservation of nature & wildlife

46

Biodiversity & Forest EcosystemWebsite providing Department Details

Department of Forest & Environment, Government of Gujarat: http://www.envforguj.in/

GEER Foundation: http://www.geerfoundation.gujarat.gov.in/

Gujarat State Forest Development Corporation Ltd :Gujarat State Forest Development Corporation Ltd.: http://www.gsfdcltd.co.in/

Gujarat State Biodiversity Board http://www.gsbb.in/j y p // g /

Gujarat Ecology Commission: www.gec.gujarat.gov.in/

Gujarat Environment Management Institute: http://www.gemi‐india.org/

47

Knowledge Partner Event PartnerOrganised By Knowledge Partner Event PartnerOrganised By

48

Visit us at www.vibrantgujarat.com

vibrant gujarat bird's eye view of gujarat forest sector

Environment

terms of forest area

redd national parks

global scenario1

species of animalsover45

isaboutp p q21

preindustrial area

ld id f ll4sources

inmillionhectaresforests