QUAN HỌ CULTURE

THE ORIGIN OF QUAN HỌ

Some scholars believe that quan họ had its root in Royal Court music, and related to the old tale of a mandarin one time while stopping off at Kinh Bắc had fallen in love with the folk songs of the region. Other viewpoint states that “quan họ” did not come from Royal Court music but from religious rituals of Linga-Yoni culture.

The two villages in Bắc Ninh province - Lũng Giang and Tam Sơn were regarded as the birth

places of “quan họ”.

Different kinds of Quan Họ

3 main types of Quan Họ

• Hát Canh : singing at a host’s house

• Hát Thờ : singing at rituals

• Hát Hội : singing at festivals

Hát CanhSinging at a host’s house has three

phases including giọng Lề lối (standard tune), giọng Vặt (variety tune) and giọng Giã bạn (farewell

tune) types.

Hát ThờHappening in the communal house of the village before the competition in order to wish the community a prosperous year.

Hát Hội - For fun : happening in spring and fall with the aim to welcome the seasons, festivals and making and learning from friends- For competing: in the village, necessary for a reprentative Quan ho group to hold the award (fluent in traditional songs, being able to compose songs, professional in music and poem)

Some other different kinds:

Hát cầu mưa: happening in dry season, performed by women (who have kept themselves strictly austere) in 2 days 3 nights (praying for rain) – La Rang

Hát giải hạn: praying for luck, both lien anh, lien chi, using La Rang

Hát mừng: celebrating good news: passing an exam, building new house, giving birth a child…

Hát kết chạ: between brotherhood and sisterhood

INSIGHTS INTO QUAN HỌ’S COSTUMES

Lien anh’s costume:

● 2layers: white under vests and Black ao dai● Áo dài: lotus leaf embroidered, straight collar, big edge, large fringe, over-the-knee long. ● Quần dài: white, silk or satin made, small belt included● Khăn nhiễu(khăn xếp): wooden shoes, Black umbrella

Lien chi’s costume:

● Áo mớ ba mớ bảy: 3 or 7 ao dai inserted

● Yếm (lotus pink), under vest (white) ao dai( 5 parts-brown)

● Small belt, soi dress, lua dress

● Dép cong: buffalo-skin made

● Mỏ quạ scaft and nón ba tầm

INFLUENCE OF QUAN HỌ ON OUR LIVES

Cultural Values

Appreciate cultural values, particularly on social customs, performing arts, technical theater, cultural manners, language and dress

Enhance the position and role of heritage to society and enrich the picture of cultural diversity of Vietnam & humanity

Restore some traditional festivals which contains unique cultural identity ,cultural activities ,rituals such as Lim festival, Diem village festival

Tourism Values Attract domestic and

foreign tourists travelling for listening folk songs

In 2010, BacNinh province reached 125 billion on revenue from tourism, welcomed nearly 200,000 tourists ,the annual growth rate of 17-20%

In 2015 ,expected tourism revenue :250 billion, welcomed 400,000 visitors / year

QUAN HỌ’S CONSERVATION

- Since 1954, local authorities are interested in preserving and promoting the heritage value of Bac Ninh Folk Music.

- From 1962 to 1966 : held 7 workshops about Folk Music.

- In 1969 : established Bac Ninh Folk Music Union

- Ha Bac Province set up a cultural center for collection of their research to preserve them.- Bac Ninh province has planned the Lim hills into the center of folk festivals to performing folksong.

- In 2003 : executed “The pilot project study to build a list of typical folksong artists“

- In 2004 : implemented the conservation projects of Viem Xa folksong village.

- In late 2006, organized a scientific seminar "Conservation of Bac Ninh folksong”.

- More than one hundred years, many works of research and collection of Bac Ninh folksong have been published.

- In spring yearly, both Bac Ninh, Bac Giang provinces held singing contests to discover new voices.

- In 2009, Quan họ was recognized as the Intangible Cultural Heritage by the UNESCO.

Appreciate your attention!!!