View on Maritime Security

Maritime Security

- Freedom of Navigation- Non-traditional threats ・ Piracy ・ Terrorism ・ Smuggling of weapons, small arms, etc. ・ Human trafficking

Asia (42.3%)

C & S Americas (3.1%)Middle East

(16.9%)

N America EU (25.6%)

・ Total Import : 820 mil tons (1/6 of the world trade)・ Maritime Trade : 99.7%

2nd largest maritime trade

in the world

Importance of Maritime Security in Japan

Sea-lanes are lifelines for Japan

Cooperation in Tackling International Security Challenges

‐ReCCAP(Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery against Ships in Asia)

－ ARF-ISM (ASEAN Regional Forum – Inter Sessional Meeting)

－ ADMM+EWG(ASEAN Defence Minister’s Meeting Plus Expert’s Working Group)

－ WPNS(Western Pacific Naval Symposium)

- Tackling international security challenges alone is difficult- Working together with other countries involved is important

Japan’s Efforts (examples)

• Japan pointed out the necessity of adhering to traditional rules of the sea, or new joint rules such as CUES (Code for Unalerted Encounters at Sea), the product of WPNS.

Report of the ADMM+EWG( Maritime Security)

The roles that ARF should play in the Area of Maritime Security

- Promoting mutual understanding

- Discuss “What should be achieved”, “What we can achieve”, and reach an agreement

CUES （ Code for Unalerted Encounters at Sea ）

－ Safety procedures in case if a military vessel encounters with the other unexpectedly on the ocean

１．　 Status and duties of warships, public vessels and naval aircraft

２．　 Standard safety procedures

３．　 Standard communications procedures

４．　 Selected signals vocabulary and basic maneuvering instructions

CUES1

1.2The document is intended to offer safety measures and a means to limit mutual interference and uncertainty and facilitate communication when naval and public ships, submarines or aircraft make contact ( a public vessel is defined as a ship owned or operated by states used only on government non commercial service).

2.6The only sanction against a warship or public vessel that can be imposed by coastal State is to require that it depart internal waters and the territorial sea.

3.5Ships engaged in surveillance should remain clear of platforms under surveillance so as to avoid the risk of collision. They should also employ the practice of good seamanship so as to avoid carrying out any maneuvers that could endanger the object of surveillance or cause it to deviate from its intended course / or speed

3.12Commanding Officers should at all times maintain a safe separation between their vessel and those of other nations.

CUES2

3.14Because nations may under international law grant their naval and aviation units the authority to respond with force to actions they perceive to reflect hostile intent, Commanding Officers need to consider the potential ramifications before engaging in actions which could be misconstrued. Actions the prudent commander might generally avoid include:

3.14.1Simulation of attacks by aiming guns, missiles, fire control radars, torpedo tubes or other weapons in the direction of vessels or aircraft encountered3.14.2Expect in cases of distress, the discharge of signal rockets, weapons or other objects in the direction of vessels or aircraft encountered.3.14.3Illumination of the navigation bridges or aircraft cockpits.3.14.4The use of laser in such a manner as to cause harm to personnel or damage to equipment onboard vessels or air craft encountered