VIOLINS

Ingrida Olendraitė

Molecular biologist

Vilnius university

2013

AIMS AND OUTLINE

improve common competencies and make a influence on formation of personality of

future scientist

Development Structure and accessories Technique Little precious items

Conclusions Resources

DEVELOPMENT

Originated from the East Crwth [‘kru:θ] Rebaba Fidelio

Vielle Viola de braccio Violin (1597), Viola, Violoncello

At the year of ~1600, Baroque.

STRUCTURE

Consists of ~30 parts Weights ~0.4kg Forms force of 280N

The greatest makers lived in Cremona, ItalyAndrea Amati Antonio StradivariAndrea Guarneri

STRUCTURE

Body/resonator: Top plate/ “belly”: soft spruce Back plate : the hardest mapleRibs

Neck and fingerboard Ebony or another black painted wood

HeadPegs, scroll

STRUCTURE

Bridge: transmit vibration of strings to resonator

Soundpost: helps to deal with pressure;Position determines reverberation between

plates the sound In french: “ame”; russian: “dushka”;

lithuanian: “she(i)rdele”; (spirit or heart) Bass-bar

Spruce; allocates osscilation of strings

ACCESSORIES

Varnish Can not improve the quality of soundShould not infiltrate into wood

Fiddlestick/bowPernambuco/Brazilian tree (family:Fabaceae)Frog and screwTourte family

Rosin (Colophonia)Solid amber

TECHNIQUE

Fingertip movements: Vibrato (tremolo)

Diferent in Baroque and in Classicism Amplitude of oscillations

Shake / trill (trell) Portamento (in a suggestion of a glissando)

Con sordino (with mute)

Flageolet

LITTLE PRECIOUS ITEMS

Violin Year Price (US $, millions)

The Lady Tennant, Stradivarius

1699 2.03

The Hammer, Stradivarius

1707 2.5

Del Gesu, Guarneri ~1758 4

The Vieuxtemps , Guarneri

1741 Offer: 18

CONCLUTIONS

“Violine – le roi des instruments.” ― Abbe M. Mersienne (1588-1648)

 “If I were not a physicist, I would probably be

a musician. I often think in music. I live my daydreams in music. I see my life in terms of

music.” ― Alber Einstein (1879–1955)

RESOURCES

Gazarianas, S. “Muzikos instrumentų pasaulyje”. “Šviesa”, Kaunas. 1988. 221p.

Katkus, D. “Muzikos atlikimas. Istorija. Teorijos. Stiliai. Interpretacijos”. Lietuvos muzikų sąjunga, Vilnius. 2006. 466p.

http://violinmusic.hubpages.com/hub/The-Best-Violin-Maker-In-The-Worldhttp://www.narragansett.k12.ri.us/NHS/computer/First_Semester_08-09/FS_Period_1B/Emily_Wright_Violin/structure.htm

http://www.violinstudent.com/violinmap.html http://www.centrum.is/hansi/construction.html http://www.leroydouglasviolins.com/AshStrad.htm

http://most-expensive.com/violin-world http://www.luxist.com/2006/02/24/stradivari-violin-may-sell-for-

record-breaking-price/ http://www.staplenews.com/home/2010/7/7/vieuxtemps-

guarneri-worlds-most-expensive-musical-instrument.html http://www.vsl.co.at/en/70/3189/3190/5617.vsl

“Where words fail, music speaks.”

― Hans Christian Andersen