virginia institute of marine science, college of william & mary partnership between educators...
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Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & Mary
Partnership between Educators and Researchers for Partnership between Educators and Researchers for Enhancing Classroom Teaching Enhancing Classroom Teaching
(GK-12 PERFECT)
Funding source:National Science Foundation GK-12 grant no. DGE-0840804
Characteristics of Protista
• Nucleus with DNA and more than 1 chromosome• Most have other organelles (mitochondria, endoplasmic
reticulum, Golgi bodies, etc.)• Reproduce by mitosis and/or meiosis
Parabasalids & Diplomonads
• Evolutionarily “primitive” eukaryotes– Poorly developed mitochondria and fewer
organelles
• Flagellated
• Includes symbionts and parasites living in low O2 environments
– Giardia
Euglenoids & Kinetoplastids
Thick, reinforced flagellum
• Euglena– Fresh and marine– Mostly autotrophs
with chloroplasts
Forams & Radiolarians
• Both are mainly heterotrophs (most are marine)
• Foraminiferans– Calcium carbonate shells
– Benthic (bottom dwelling) & planktonic
• Radiolarians– Silica shells
– Planktonic
Alveolates (ciliates)
• Aquatic
• Large component of the microzooplankon (< 200 m)
• Loricate (shell) and aloricate forms
Alveolates (flagellates)
• Apicomplexans (malaria)• Dinoflagellates
– Responsible for many harmful algal blooms
– Marine and freshwater– Autotrophs, heterotrophs
and mixotrophs– Cellulose plate covering– 2 flagella– Bioluminescent forms
Stramenopiles
• Unique “bristled” flagella
• Most are autotrophs (photosynthetic)
• Chrysophytes – mostly phytoplankton
• Brown algae – kelp/seaweeds
Red and Green algae
• Various “seaweeds”
• Mainly multicellular
• Marine and freshwater
• Include closest relatives to land plants
Interesting tidbits
• If the smallest protist were size of a BB, what object might approximate the size of the largest?