virtual wireless user: a practical design for parallel multiconnect using wifi direct in group...

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Connectivity: Defaults andParalliziation

M.Zhanikeev -- [email protected] -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 2/22...

2/22

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The Reality of Connectivity

LAN

Wireless

WiFi Direct

3G

WLAN WINNER

JOIN

In presence of two connection possibilities, defaults to WINNER. The two connections can be used together ( joined ).


3/22

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WiFi Direct: What Is It?

• a new standard for local wireless connectivity 15

• direct wireless -- no access point◦ for printers, file transfer, etc.

• attempt to simplify auth routines -- remember this party for future use?

• technologically the standard is twofold

◦ Hotspot 2.0 Specification

◦ P2P WiFi 1.0 Specification

• implemented by many smartphones and tablets, but not many notebooks

• incredibly fast! --- compared to Bluetooth 4.0 or even traditional WiFi

15 "Wi-Fi Peer-to-Peer: Best Practical Guide" Wi-Fi Alliance (2010)


4/22

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Proposal: Basic Form.The Basic Idea is.....

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... to pool external connections -- hence the multiconnect -- of group members

usingWiFi Direct as a glue that makes the group appear at one person

• a kind of virtualization -- different from virtualization on a single device05

• WiFi Direct is sufficiently fast to stand up to the challenge

• practical in many kinds of group communications -- classes, discussions, etc.12

05 K.Yap+6 "Making use of all the networks around us: a case study in android" ACM SIGCOMM CellNet (2012)

12 myself+0 "Experiments on practical WLAN designs for digital classrooms" IEICE ComEx (2013)


5/22

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MultiConnect Paradigms


6/22

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MultiConnect Paradigms• MPTCP: MultiPath TCP

◦ there is a Linux kernel 04◦ well studied including wireless 03

• P2P streaming -- aggregation of content from multiple peers 11◦ a fundamental concept◦ can be applied to clouds 11, browsers 13, etc.

• good overview/taxonomy in 06

.Shared feature.....

.... is that both are single source multiple route paradigms

04 "MultiPath TCP: Linux Kernel Implementation" http://multipath-tcp.org (2013)

03 Y.Chen+5 "A Measurement...of MultiPath TCP Performance over Wireless Networks" ACM SIGCOMM IMC (2013)

11 myself+0 "Multi-Source Stream Aggregation in the Cloud" Wiley Book (2013)

11 myself+0 "Multi-Source Stream Aggregation in the Cloud" Wiley Book (2013)

13 myself+0 "Experiments with application throughput in a browser with full HTML5 support" IEICE ComEx (2013)

06 A.Makela+2 "Comparison of load-balancing approaches for multipath connectivity" Elsevier (2012)


7/22

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Real Life Experiments


8/22

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Experiments: Settings

• three real 3G connections, several months◦ one has a 300kbps cap (cheaper contract)◦ one is a new provider in Japan

• simple throughput test -- download a 0.5M file◦ but huge files (up to 1Gb) for WiFi Direct)

• various combinations◦ 3G only◦ WiFi Direct only◦ parallel connectivity


9/22

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3G Performance

0 5 10 15 20Hour

0

350

700

1050

1400

Thro

ughp

ut (k

bps)

ISP1ISP2ISP3

Holiday 1

0 5 10 15 20Hour

0

350

700

1050

1400

Thro

ughp

ut (k

bps)

Color-filled area: +/- 1 sigma

Holiday 3+

0 5 10 15 20Hour

0

350

700

1050

1400

Thro

ughp

ut (k

bps)

Saturday

0 5 10 15 20Hour

0

350

700

1050

1400

Thro

ughp

ut (k

bps)

Workday

• aggregation 1: week days,1-day holidays (alsoSunday), and 3+ dayholidays plots

• aggregation 2: hour ofday

• trends:◦ matters which day◦ time of day, morning rise and

fall, etc.

• biggest lesson: under1Mbps throughputs, muchlower in some cases!


10/22

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Standalone WiFi Direct

0 2 4 6 8 10No. of files

0

6

12

18

24

30

Avg

. thr

ough

put (

Mbp

s)1m

10m

1m10m

0 2 4 6 8 10No. of files

16.2

21.6

27

32.4

Thro

ughp

ut ra

tio (

WiF

i Dire

ct /

Blu

etoo

th)

1m

10m

0 2 4 6 8 10No. of files

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

WiF

i Dire

ct: D

eter

iora

tion

effe

ct o

f dist

ance

(%)

WiFi DirectBluetoothOther info


11/22

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WiFi Direct + ( 3G | WiFi)

0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21Internet throughput (Mbps)

0

5

10

15

20

25

Intra

net t

hrou

ghpu

t (M

bps)

G1

G5

G10

G1

G5G10

W1W5 W10

W1 W5W10

All data


0

5

10

15

20

25

Intra

net t

hrou

ghpu

t (M

bps)

G1

G5

G10

W1W5 W10

Distance:1m


0

5

10

15

20

25

Intra

net t

hrou

ghpu

t (M

bps)

G1

G5G10

W1 W5W10

Distance: 10mWx: WiFi Direct and Tranditional WiFi for X filesGx: WiFi Direct and 3G for X files


12/22

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VWU: Virtual Wireless User


13/22

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MultiConnect Paradigms (again)

.(new) Parallel Multiconnect Definition..

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... ismulti-source/destmulti-connectivity parallelcommunications

• biggest change: single-source → multi-source

• example A: distributed sync 07

• example B: shared cloud storage -- multi-source means different files throughdifferent users/peers/etc.

07 "OpenVSwitch project" http://openvswitch.org/ (2013)


14/22

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VWU: Putting It All Together

• VWU: Virtual Wireless User -- the main proposal

• put 30Mbps of WiFi Direct to practical use -- intranet• pool internet connections of all users

• virtualization: appear as one user to whatever the service◦ could even be internal (locally shared files)


15/22

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VWU: Visual Model

Service Provider

Virtual Wireless User

Wireless User

Wireless User

Wireless User

Application Service Service traffic


16/22

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VWU: Another Visual Model

• as long as application (internal) traffic is larger than aggregate service traffic, VWUworks!

ServiceProvider

Virtual Users

Users

Virtual Real


17/22

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VWU: The Realistic Model

0 5 10 15 20Hour of day

01020304050607080

Ratio

(int

er/in

tra, %

)

best case, by time of day, 3G only

0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000Intranet throughput (kbps)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Ratio

(int

er/in

tra, %

)

best case, by interference

0 5 10 15 20Hour of day

02.85.68.4

11.214

16.819.622.4

Ratio

(int

er/in

tra, %

)

wost case, by time of day, 3G only

0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000Intranet throughput (kbps)

0

5.1

10.2

15.3

20.4

25.5

Ratio

(int

er/in

tra, %

)

worst case, by interference

1

25

...

1

25

...

1

25

...

1

25

...

• a model based on realdata -- presented above

• even 25-member groupscannot overwhelm theVWU

• plots show performanceextremes for time ofday and wirelessinterference


18/22

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That’s all, thank you ...


19/22

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ADD: VWU + DTN = multihop

• modernDTN is fit for delay-constrained messages 10

• P2P streaming is one example where flows consist of small pieces

• VWU + DTN is currently in development

10 A.Balasubramanian+2 "DTN Routing as a Resource Allocation Problem" SIGCOMM (2007)


20/22

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ADD: Another Model (Floor-Sky)

The cloud

User A

User B

User C

User D

ISP1ISP2

ISP3

MastercopyClone

The cloud

User A

User B

Groupleader

User D

ISP1

ISP2

ISP3

Virtual User


21/22

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ADD: Implementation as Middleware

Wi-FiDirect

LegacyWi-Fi

Applications

aaggsync(Asymmetric Aggregation Sync)

Land Line

3G,LTE


22/22

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[01] T.Hau+2 (2011)Multihoming, Content Delivery Networks, and The Market for Internet ConnectivityElsevier

[02] P.Schmidt+2 (2012)A first look at multi-access connectivity for mobile networkingACM CSWS

[03] Y.Chen+5 (2013)A Measurement...of MultiPath TCP Performance over Wireless NetworksACM SIGCOMM IMC

[04] (2013)MultiPath TCP: Linux Kernel Implementationhttp://multipath-tcp.org

[05] K.Yap+6 (2012)Making use of all the networks around us: a case study in androidACM SIGCOMM CellNet

[06] A.Makela+2 (2012)M.Zhanikeev -- [email protected] -- Virtual Wireless User: Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct -- http://tinyurl.com/marat131204b --- 22/22

...

22/22

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Comparison of load-balancing approaches for multipath connectivityElsevier

[07] (2013)OpenVSwitch projecthttp://openvswitch.org/

[08] E.Kohler+4 (2000)The Click Modular RouterACM TOCS

[09] A.Vasilakos+2 (2011)Delay Tolerant Networks: Protocols and ApplicationsCRC Press

[10] A.Balasubramanian+2 (2007)DTN Routing as a Resource Allocation ProblemSIGCOMM

[11] myself+0 (2013)Multi-Source Stream Aggregation in the Cloud


22/22

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Wiley Book

[12] myself+0 (2013)Experiments on practical WLAN designs for digital classroomsIEICE ComEx

[13] myself+0 (2013)Experiments with application throughput in a browser with full HTML5 supportIEICE ComEx

[14] myself+0 (2013)Experiences from Measuring Per-Packet Cost of Software Defined NetworkingIEICE SC Techreport

[15] (2010)Wi-Fi Peer-to-Peer: Best Practical GuideWi-Fi Alliance


22/22

virtual wireless user: a practical design for parallel multiconnect using wifi direct in group...

Technology

standalone wifi direct

tranditional wifi

traditional wifi

parallel multiconnect

mwifi direct

g wifi gx

access point direct

specification p2p wifi