vis 2003 mylifebits challenge for visualization visualization: “form follows function”...
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Vis 2003 MyLifeBits Challenge for Visualization
Visualization: “Form follows function” Visualization: Science? Engineering? Or Art?
Seattle, WA22 October 2003Gordon Bell
Microsoft Research
My affair with Visualization
• 1958 wrote programs that displayed on the 32x32 scrolling display of Deuce, a machine that came from NPL that Turing worked on. Interactive Marriage proposal program.
• 1959 MIT Speech Lab and TX-0 10” 1K x 1K points, basis for DEC display. Displayed sliders, sonograms, traditional engineering graphs. Made a Land use map of Boston for Gwen Bell, a student at Harvard School of Design. They later formed the Graphics lab or such displays.
• 1960 DEC. Type 30 . Spaceware was built on it, but at one of the joint computer conferences, Ed Jacks of GM watched the display the whole time and got IBM to build them displays for car design.
• 1961 saw the difference of logic diagrams vs. logic equations; i.e. east vs west coast design
• 1986-1989 Dana>Ardent>Stardent “the graphics supercomputer”.• 1987 Commissioned the NSF Study for visualization.• 1987 FCCSET report for the Internet proposal claimed we need the net for visualization.• 1990 Keynoted first visualization conference in SF. Met the Fakespace team and
became an investor. They produced the boom for VR, large scale displays, tables, etc.
Outline• Now I find I was doing interactive vis in 1958.• Review of Vis 1990 keynote• Visualization (Google) 7M; 4.4M data• Vis 1990 then and now• Shneiderman, Tufte, & examples• Can you help MyLifeBits?
– Timelines– Document … knowledge management
1987 FCCSET Report for NREN
Titan Graphics Supercomputer c1988 25Kpolygons/sec
Keynote from Visualization I.23 October 1990
Or how I saw it then… before the web, but after NREN (Internet.)
How I "See" saw Visualization 13 years
ago* The Turing TEST for Visualization: 3D, dynamic computer
graphics and computer imaging are aimed at photo realism, ... i.e. the standard of comparison is limited by a view or photo of the phenomenon itself (reality).
The insight comes from within the user.Technology helps somewhat in the viewing.
Few of today's vizs provide the insight that compare with the creative representations that Tufte collected.
Challenge: Make the computer do what the artists did!Users need Vizicalcs (…otherwise everything is a creation)Training and integration into the computing mainstream is
still the bottleneck to use*form mental image of something not visible
Computation is the Driving Force for Visualization
4. Analysis-by-synthesis in a real time environmentReal, experimental science that simulates and simultaneously compares observations. Courtesy of Web Services
3. Simulation* is the Third Paradigm of Science & Engineering, after
2. Experimentation (taking and plotting data) and1. Theory0. Talk is for philosophers*The best way to advance a science is by building a
computer (i.e. program) for that phenomenon in an "analysis-by-synthesis" fashion.
Viz has come about through integrated computation and graphics, with a push from supercomputing.
The NSF Visualization Report Domain & Needs:
Steer simulation and computationW/S driven use of supersGraphics-oriented programming environmentsHigher-order viz of scalar, vectors ... tensor
fieldsDynamic viz of fields and flowsMassive data sets for signals and imagesAlgorithms and archs for parallel graphics & IPFramework for international Viz standards
The NSF Visualization Report (Cited) Benefits
Integrated set of portable toolsScientific progress and leadershipScientific productivityStandardization of research tools
and the cross-discipline flow of knowledge
Safeguard American Industrial Competitiveness
Making the Advanced Supercomputing facilities useful
Any Effect of the NSF Visualization Report?
Raised awareness of the opportunity for Viz by creating a word and focus
Got funding at various centers (e.g. UC/SD)Galvanized a collection of people working in
the area...Ultimately stimulated this conference* a
year or two before it might have otherwise happened
*Reaction to size and lack of applications focus at SIGGRAPH
Searching for Vizicalc:"have data, need a picture"
Users wanted to visualize their data:how much and how fast can it be displayed? how long to get the first picture?
Applications done on ad hoc case at a time basis
New tools such as AVS came about because of limited resources that had to apply the first graphics supercomputers.
Progress: 1990 - 2003• The big bang: Internet and the web
– 1987 FCCSET Report set fiber goal by 2000• Moore’s Law
– 10s of Mips >> 1-4 Gips; Custom rendering…– 10s of Mbytes >> 100 Gbytes– 25 K polygons/sec >> 25 M polygons/sec– Mpixels = Mpixels; mono; but lower cost– 1.5 Mbps > 1-2 Gbps (peak)
• Progress in Vis– Realistic rendering… see complete virtual scenes/sets– Expensive, large screens and caves:
• Using “2001, A Space Odyssey” progress in:– Visualization was much, much greater– AI, including speech was much, much less
Princeton 6K x 3K+ pixel; 18’x8’; $100K
Vis 2003
Problem and opportunity:
have many nouns…
Need:create verbs
Taxonomy • Pseudo phenomena (ICs, molecules, colored
physical parameters e.g. T, p, fields for flow, stress• Photo realism
– Real world: movies, VR, Augmented Reality,– People and digital immortality– Telepresence… ever emerging, potentially important
• Data visualization… Tufte gallery candidates?– Small no. of dimensions– Large dimensionality information maps
• Ordinary text and user visualization beyond UI
Shneiderman’s insights “exploratory data analysis and visualization process is …
characterized by mantra for visual information seeking:
“Overview, zoom and filter, details-on-demand”
“The future … larger, higher resolution screens, that present perceptually-rich & information-abundant displays.
… the flood of information can be turned into a river of knowledge...
Human perceptual skills are quite remarkable and largely underutilized”
Tufte on Graphic Excellence
Tufte
Tufte Napoleon Map Paris-Moscow
Data maps… near and dear
Network flow of trade
Hillis Taxonomy
Axon
Kiviat/radar of car parameters
Evolution of the “Ideal State” at Each Stage: Entrepreneurials
Business PlanManufacturing
ProductDevelopment
Technology/Engineering
Control
FundabilityCash
Board of Directors
Team
CEO
Sales
MarketingStage III.Product Development
Stage II.Seed
Stage I.Concept
Stage IV.Market Development
Many dimensions.. Inverse pattern recognition
Tufte: On PowerPoint
I am data
The guinea pig
• Gordon Bell is digitizing his life• Has scanned/encoded virtually all:
– All computer files– Personal documents (memos and email,
bills, legal documents, papers written, …)– Books written (and read when possible)– Photos– Posters, paintings, photo of things (artifacts, …medals, plaques)– CD collection– Home movies and videos
• Now recording real time: phone, radio, TV (movies), web pages… started meetings, conversations to come
• Paperless throughout 2002. 12” scanned, 12’ discarded.• Only 30 GB!!!
The MyLifeBits Challenge
• Files, photos, documents• Challenge is viz relevant for organizing,
searching, and utilizing your shoebox… data problem
• Tufte vs. Visioneers: – Visualization is an art. – Visualization is science and it has to be automatic!
• Challenge: – 1. What are the questions viz can help answer? – 2. What viz can help make a life or after life interesting?
• We have many nouns. You make verbs.
Statistics of use
Visualization Needs & Possibilities
• Time lines• Video cliplets, photos searching• Automatic story creation from content• Related document maps• Concept mapping of entire space• Collections & taxonomies• Synthesis of talking heads “in their words”• Tweening from photos to recreate entire movies
of the experience.
Personal LifeLog Applications
Conservator
Baby Book
Companion Caretaker
Babysitter
AdvisorMentorTutor
Autobiography
Photo Album
PersonalAssistant
Diary/Journal
Biography
Financial Manager
Medical Manager
ExecutorObituary
Others Self
Assistant for Elderly
Application controlled by:
Oth
ers
Sel
fA
pp
lica
tio
n u
sed
by:
Personal Proxy
Parole Officer
Pers Flight Recorder
Meeting Prep
Captain’s Log
Trustee
InternetMyLifeBits
store
database
files
Voice annotation tool
Text annotation tool
Legacy applications
MAPI interface
Legacy email client
Radio EPG tool
PocketPC transfer tool
Telephone capture tool
Radio capture tool
TV capture tool
TV EPG download tool
Browser tool
PocketRadio player
MyLifeBits Shell
MyLifeBits organization: time and space
Timeline/Context(space)
Personal(some $s)
GB Co.(angel, etc.)
ProfessionalACM, etc., …@Microsoft.com,
New co’s.
Archival (time) Working
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
C,L m d d
CGB... GB SR mB,L KF SB
Where KvMO B ABos P B WCa
6-year --GS-HS--MIT DEC---+++++.+++---++++
Education KV-----mit,F cmu
Work Bell Elec DECcmuDEC E,NSF MSFT
ComputerMuseum M B SiValley
Books BN SBN HiTechVent
Computers 4-6 11 VAX E T
Awards..
Time-machine ComputingRekimoto
Lifestreams: View by timeDavid Gelernter et al
Rock & Roll History graph
Timeline view tells a story
MyLifeBit v2 clustered time view
…Information Visualization within a Digital Video Library
Colored notches show Colored notches show where matches occurwhere matches occur
…Information Visualization within a Digital Video Library
Keyword color Keyword color matches color in matches color in rankingranking
Here are the photos
Getting the user to tell a story is the ultimate in media value
A story is a “layout” in time and spaceA story is a “layout” in time and space Most valuable content (by selection, and by being well annotated)Most valuable content (by selection, and by being well annotated) Stories must include links to any media they use (for future navigation/search – Stories must include links to any media they use (for future navigation/search –
“transclusion”).“transclusion”). Cf: MovieMaker; Creative Memories PhotoAlbumsCf: MovieMaker; Creative Memories PhotoAlbums
Dapeng was an Dapeng was an intern at BARC intern at BARC for the summer for the summer of 2000of 2000
We took him to We took him to lunch at our lunch at our favorite Dim Sum favorite Dim Sum place to say place to say farewellfarewell
At table L-R: Dapeng, Gordon, Tom, Jim, Don, At table L-R: Dapeng, Gordon, Tom, Jim, Don, Vicky, Patrick, JimVicky, Patrick, Jim
Digital Immortality: CMU Interactive Einstein:
U of MD display of health data
http://www.research.ibm.com/history/gallery.htm Document Changes History Flow
Temporal Analytics - ThemeRiver
Challenge: identify Challenge: identify patterns, trends, and patterns, trends, and relationships over time relationships over time in large data in large data collections collections
Breakthrough:Breakthrough: show show change over time change over time using smooth, stacked using smooth, stacked curves to enhance curves to enhance understanding; understanding; include context of include context of external events. external events.
Tn
Haystack: Ozone interface screenshot
PortalPortal Agents Agents
construct each construct each windowwindow
Information Visualization within a Digital Video Library
Christel & Martin (CMU), Christel & Martin (CMU), Information Visualization Information Visualization within a Digital Video within a Digital Video Library, Intelligent Library, Intelligent Information Systems, Information Systems, June 1998.June 1998.
More inxight
60 Business Sensitive
Engineered for broad deploymentNow under pilot evaluation and deploymentWindows based: client/server, stand alone, or web based
61 Business Sensitive
Towards Multiple Simultaneous Hypothesis Queries
JapanProtectionMeasures
Japan
Trade
Protection
Measures
TradeProtection
TradeProtectionMeasures
Each Hypothesis on a Ray
Challenge: Multiple hypothesis
analysis
Breakthrough: Interactive and visual
method for analysis of multiple hypothesis
Impact: First example of
hypothesis and scenario based analytics
Tn
Visualizing document relationshipsBoyack, Wylie & Davidson
WebScout (MSR Cambridge)
Clustered browsingof the Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco
http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~kobus/research/projects/browse.htmlhttp://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~kobus/research/projects/browse.html
The brain
The Axon Idea processor
..\..\Cyberall MyLifeBits\Axon Idea Processor.mht
Mind mapping
Innolab 3D File manager
Webmap
Smartmoney.com
Smartmoney.com Whole market
The end…