Grammar book Part 2Grammar book Part 2Valentina Krysiak

PreteritePreteriteUsed for past actions that can be completed

Action that are single events

actions repeated, or occurred at a specific period of time

actions pat of chain event

stating the beginning or end of an action

-é-aste

-ó

-amos-aron-aron

-AR Verbs

-í-iste-ió

-imos-ieron-ieron

-ER , -IR Verbs

Tu comiste zanahorias?You ate carrots?

Ellos hablaron con la maestra.They spoke with the teacher.

Trigger WordsTrigger Words

Cuando (what)

En cuanto (as soon as)

Hasta que (until)

Tan pronto como (as soon as)

✳ A menos que (unless)

✳ Con tal (de) que (in case)

✳ En caso de que (in case)

✳ Para uqe (so that)

Trigger words for subjunctive:

QUE!Conjunctions of Time:

Irregular Preterite:Irregular Preterite:

hacer

ir

ser

dar

ver

Hacer

hicehicistehizo

hicimoshicieronhicieron

ir y serfuí

fuístefue

fuímosfueronfueron

dar y verdi

distedio

dimosdierondieron

vivistevio

vimosvieronvieron

Irregular ConjugationIrregular Conjugationandar - anduveesta - estuvepoder - pudeponer - pusequerer - quisesaber - supetener - tuvevenire - vineconucer - congujeproducer - produjetraducer - traduje

+-é-iste-ó

-imos-ieron-ieron

car > qué gar > gué

zar > cé

Imperfect Imperfect To conjugate regular -ar verbs in the imperfect, simply drop

the ending (-ar) and add one of the following:

abaabasaba

ábamosabanaban

To conjugate regular -er verbs in the imperfect, simply drop the ending (-ar) and add one of the

following:

-ía-ías-ía

-íamos-ían-ían

Imperfect is used for actions that are not seen as completed.

The imperfect is used for actions that were repeated habitually, as well as for actions

that “set the stage” for another action, and for telling time and stating one’s age.

Future Verbs and Future Verbs and Verbs with Irregular Verbs with Irregular

Future StemsFuture StemsImmediate Future:

You use the immediate future to tell what you are going to be doing in the near future. The immediate future is formed by conjugating ir + a + the infinitive.

IR + A +INFINITIVEExample:

Va a comer desayuno.>She is going to eat breakfast.

El Futuro: The regular future tense is used to tell what will happen or what shall happen. The future tense is

formed by adding é, ás, á, emos, or án to the infinitive.

INFINITIVE +-é-ás-á

-emos-án-án

Example:Iré a la tienda.

>I will go to the store.