vmware esx server 3.5

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◎標題:[軟體應用]資訊基礎架構虛擬化:VMware ESX Server 3.5 (2008/4/9) ◎前言:(抱歉,文章內沒有效能測試,原因是使用個人電腦建置軟體應用參考環境,而不是 企業用伺服主機) VMware ESX Server 定位在中、大型資訊架構虛擬化,與(GSX)Server/Workstation 著重在中、 小型資訊系統或個人工作站等不同,這 2 類軟體所使用的虛擬化技術與管理概念也有極大的 差別。開始前建議網友先具備基本的作業系統與 Linux 套件等管理基礎。 這篇文章的目的將簡介 ESX Server 應用在基礎架構虛擬化所使用的概念與技術,包括資源中 心(Resource Pool)、儲存架構(Storage Architecture)、微核心(microkernel)與 Hypervisor、VMFS3 虛擬檔案系統、VMI 3.0 等;除了基本的 ESX Server 安裝步驟外,文章 也將簡介 ESX Server 的 3 種管理工具:VMware Infrastructure Client、VMware Infrastructure Web Access、VMware Service Console。 網友對 VMware Server/Workstation 應不陌生,但 ESX Server 則是完全不同的虛擬化系統, 以下是簡略說明。ESX Server 採用 Native Virtualization(VMware 稱為 Transparent Para-virtualization)技術,在實際應用上注重穩定、資訊安全、擴充性,並將底層的伺服 器統合成叢集(Clusters),再抽象化、集合成可分割運算資源的 Resource Pool;虛擬機器 則由這個資源中心取得運算資源,可以理解 ESX Server 在用途上將改變資訊基礎架構的伺服 器服務與管理方式;相對地 Server/Workstation 則以相容性、容易操作、彈性(泛用性)為主, 負載虛擬機器數量較低,但適用於各種市面常見的作業系統,以致於常用於軟體工程師所需 的測試工作站。 VMware 已經將 ESX Server 納入 VMware Infrastructure 虛擬化解決方案,並成為套裝產品 之一。顧名思義,這是在資訊基礎架構上應用虛擬化,再衍生出伺服器集中管理、備份、災 難復原等多種用途。基礎架構虛擬化與傳統上一個服務配置一部伺服器的用法不同,而且 ESX Server 的 Hypervisor 虛擬層架設在基礎硬體(如叢集伺服器、GbE 網路、SAN 儲存系統等)上, 使得底層的資訊基礎設施變得抽象化,使資訊人員得重新學習管理虛擬伺服器的相關技能。 文章中將簡略揭露其原因。 ◎軟體、硬體需求 硬體:準備 2 部主機,分別是伺服器與遠端管理主機。伺服器安裝 VMware ESX Server 3.5 系統,遠端管理主機則安裝 Virtual Infrastructure Client/Web Access 與 Server Console(提供 Service Console 服務)所需的相關工具。硬體需求請參考下一節文章中的架構 圖。 軟體:VMware ESX Server 3.5(官方網站下載 http://www.vmware.com/download/vi/),只 須下載第一個檔案,其餘檔案用於更大型的架構。下載後是一個 ISO 檔,再燒錄成可開機光 碟即可;至於 Virtual Infrastructure Client/Web Access Server Console 則由 ESX Server 部署即可,不用額外下載軟體。

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資訊基礎架構虛擬化:http://phorum.study-area.org/index.php/topic,51291.0.html

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  • 1. []VMware ESX Server 3.5 (2008/4/9) ( ) VMware ESX Server (GSX)Server/Workstation 2 Linux ESX Server (Resource Pool)(Storage Architecture)(microkernel) HypervisorVMFS3 VMI 3.0 ESX Server ESX Server 3 VMware Infrastructure ClientVMware Infrastructure Web AccessVMware Service Console VMware Server/Workstation ESX Server ESX Server Native Virtualization(VMware Transparent Para-virtualization) (Clusters) Resource Pool ESX Server Server/Workstation () VMware ESX Server VMware Infrastructure ESX Server Hypervisor (GbE SAN ) 2 VMware ESX Server 3.5 Virtual Infrastructure Client/Web Access Server Console( Service Console ) VMware ESX Server 3.5( http://www.vmware.com/download/vi/) ISO Virtual Infrastructure Client/Web Access Server Console ESX Server

2. (VMware ESX Server 3.5 ) VMware ESX Server Virtual Iron VMware ESX Server 3.5 VirtualCenter DatabaseVirtualCenter Server SAN (ESX Server Reference_1.tif) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX%20Server%20Reference_1 .tif) ext3/VMFS3 ESX Server VMware (http://www.vmware.com/products/vi/esx/esx_features.html) AMD Pacifica/Intel VT-x 3.5 AMD NPT ( ) Pacifica/VT-x AMD Pacifica BIOS MA78GM-S2H ESX Server 3.5 IDE/SATA IDE/SATA VMware SCSI ESX Server Intel PRO/1000 MT GbE 3. Windows XP 10/100 Ethernet Switch Linux Web Access VMware ESX Server 3.5 VMware ESX Server 3.5 Virtual IronCitrix XenServer Linux TrainSignal 3.0 3.5 ESX Server (ESX_install_1.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_1.png) (Skip) (ESX_install_2.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_2.png) 4. () (ESX_install_3.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_3.png) () (ESX_install_4.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_4.png) (ESX_install_5.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_5.png) 5. (ESX_install_6.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_6.png) (ESX_install_7.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_7.png) SCSI SCSI ( 36GB) (Recommanded) (Advanced) (ESX_install_8.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_8.png) 6. 36GB SCSI /boot (ext3) 101 MB/ (ext3) 4996 MBVmfs327266 MBswap 541 MB/var/log(ext3) 1992 MBVmkcore101 MB (/boot)(/) swap log vmkcore VMFS3 3 3 VMFS /home/tmpVFAT( RAW Disks) (ESX_install_9.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_9.png) MBR() (ESX_install_10.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_10.png) 7. IP Address:192.168.10.10 Subnet Mask255.255.255.0 Gateway192.168.10.255 Primary DNS192.168.10.1(ESX_install_11.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_11.png) (ESX_install_12.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_12.png) Root VMware Infrastructure Client (ESX_install_13.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_13.png) 8. (ESX_install_14.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_14.png) (ESX_install_15.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_15.png) IP http://192.168.10.10 Alt+F1 (Server Console) (ESX_install_16.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive .live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_ install_16.png) 9. Alt+F1 Server Console VMwareESX Server Service ConsoleRed Hat Linux Red Hat Linux Script (ESX_install_17.png)(http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/ESX_install_17.png) (VMware Infrastructure Client VI Client) http://192.168.10.10 Download VMware Infrastructure Client VMware-viclient.exe (VI_Client_1.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_1.png) VMware-viclient.exe 50.1MB (VI_Client_2.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_2.png) 10. VMware-viclient.exe VI Client (VI_Client_3.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_3.png) () (VI_Client_4.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_4.png) (VI_Client_5.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_5.png) 11. () (VI_Client_6.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_6.png) () (VI_Client_7.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_7.png) VMware Infrastructure Client (VI_Client_8.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_8.png) 12. VMware Infrastructure Client VMware ESX Server IP(root) (VI_Client_9.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_9.png) VI Client Linux Windows DataCenter 2 Resource Pool localhost.localdomain (VI_Client_11.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_11.png ) Summary (VI_Client_12.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_client_12.png ) 13. Virtual Machines Resource Pool uBuntu_Server( Desktop ) Vista(32 ) (VI_Client_12_1.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_client_12_1.p ng) Performance Resource Pool CPUDisk Management AgentMemoryNetwork System (VI_Client_13.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_client_13.png ) Configuration ESX Server Resource Pool (VI_Client_14.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_client_14.png ) ()Configuration SoftwareSecurity Profile ESX Server (VI_Client_15.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_15.png ) 14. ()Properties (VI_Client_16.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_16.png ) (VI_Client_17.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_17.png ) 15. (VI_Client_18.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_18.png ) (VI_Client_19.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_19.png ) (VI_Client_20.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live. com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VI_Client_20.png ) 16. localhost.localdomain New Virtual Machine VMware Server/Workstation (VM_install_0.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_0.png) ESX Server Guest OS uBuntu_Server Virtual Iron VirtualCenter (VM_install_1.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_1.png) ESX Server Datastore SCSI SAN [storage1] SCSI VMFS3 SCSI ESX Server IDE/SATA VMware 17. VMFS3 vi3_30_20_installation_guide.p df SCSI ESX Server IDE/SATA SATA IDE SCSI (VM_install_2.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_2.png) ESX Server Linux Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP2 64 Linux 64 64 (VM_install_3.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_3.png) VMware ESX Server Windows Windows Vista Server 2008 64 Windows Linux Windows NT 4 Windows 98/ME (VM_install_4.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_4.png) 18. AMD 2 (vCPU) (VM_install_5.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_5.png) VMware ESX Server over-commitment 2GB 4 1GB 4GB 3.5 AMD Nested Page Tables(NPT) (VM_install_6.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_6.png) 4 (VM_install_7.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_7.png) 19. I/O LSI Logic BusLogic (VM_install_8.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_8.png) SAN Raw Device Mapping ESX Server (VM_install_9.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_9.png) VirtualCenter ServerSpecify a datastore Datastore (VM_install_10.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_10.png) 20. Mode (VM_install_12.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_12.png) (VM_install_13.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_13.png) AddRemove New CD/DVDconnect at power on (VM_install_14.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_14.png) 21. Options Para-virtualization Virtualized MMUSwapfile Location Para-virtualization kernel 2.6.21 Linux Guest OS VMI(Virtual Machine Interface) VMM (VM_install_15.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_15.png) NPT AMD ESX Server Hypervisor (VM_install_16.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_16.png) (VM_install_17.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_17.png) 22. console (VM_install_18.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.l ive.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VM_insta ll_18.png) VMware Infrastructure Web Access VMware ESX Server Web Access VI Client Linux Web Access VI Client Windows Log in to Web Access (Web_Access_0.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.s kydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX %20Server/Web_Access_0.png) 23. (Web_Access_1.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.s kydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX %20Server/Web_Access_1.png) FireFox Plug-in Install Plug-in (Web_Access_2.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.s kydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX %20Server/Web_Access_2.png) Web Access Resource Pool VirtualCenter Server VI Client Web Access ESX Server ESX Server Web Access ESX Server VMware Workstation (Web_Access_3.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.s 24. kydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX %20Server/Web_Access_3.png) VirtualCenter Database VI Client Browse datastores in thishost's inventory VirtualCenter Database (Database VirtualCenter Server)VirtualCenter ServerESX Server Datastore (Web_Access_8.png)(http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/Web_Access_8.png) VirtualCenter Server Datastorestorage1 (Web_Access_9.png)(http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/Web_Access_9.png) 2 VirtualCenterLinuxWindowsLinuxuBuntu_ServerWindows Vista_x86(Web_Access_10.png)(http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Serve 25. r/Web_Access_10.png) uBuntu_Server storage1 VMFS3 ESX Server .vmdk (Web_Access_11.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydr ive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Serve r/Web_Access_11.png) (Tree_0.tif) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/Tree_0.tif) () VirtualCenter Server ESX Server Datastore VI Client 2 26. (Tree_1.tif) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/Tree_1.tif) () VirtualCenter Server/Datastore SAN VI Client () VI Client () 27. (Tree_2.tif) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/Tree_2.tif) () VI Client Hosts & Clusters Resource PoolDataCenter_x Resource Pool () ESX_Server_x ESX Server VM_x ESX Server VM ESX Server ESX Server DataCenter ESX Server DataCenter 28. (Topology.png) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/Topology.png) () VI Client Maps Host to VMHost to NetworkHost to DatastoreVM to NetworkVM to Datastore exchange_esg_validation_report.pdf 29. (Resource Pool.tif) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/Resource%20Pool.tif) ()ESX Server Resource Pool () DataCenter Resource Pool CPU Memory ESX Server Resource Pool ESX Server DataCenter ESX Server 30. (Datastore.tif) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/Datastore.tif) ()(.vmdk)(Datastore) DataCenter() Datastore() DataCenter DataCenter VMFS3 Datastore iSCSI SAN FC SAN Datastore Datastore 31. (VMFS3.tif) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/VMFS3.tif) ()ESX Server (.vmdk) ESX Server VMFS3 VMFS3 2 ESX Server DataCenter VMFS3 VMware ESX Server Virtual Iron Hypervisor VMware ESX Server ESX Server Resource Pool ESX Server () Wiki 32. x86 Oracle x86 () Microkernel VMware ESX Server vmkernerl Hypervisor vmkernerl microkernel Hypervisor ESX Server microkernel microkernel Hypervisor XenServerVirtualIron (Microkernel.tif) (http://cid-37caf02d123ee280.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/ESX%20Server/Microkernel.tif) microkernel monolithic kernel()microkernel (thread management) (Inter-process communicationIPC)(Device Driver)(File Management) User-mode Servers IPC 33. LinuxWindows hybrid kernel microkernel monolithic kernel Privileged-mode User-mode monolithic kernel hybrid kernelmicrokernel Server (crash) Server microkernel monolithic/hybrid kernel ( kernel-mode) microkernel IPC 2 mode switches user-modekernel-mode user-mode mode switches context switch( ) XenServerVirtual IronVMware ESX Server microkernel HypervisorVMware ESX Server 3.0 vmkernerl Linux Kernel initrd ESX Linux Kernel Linux Kernel ESX Server Service Console vmkernel