Vocabulary

• Bos taurus- domestic cattle originating from either the Aurochs or the Celtic Shorthorn

• Bos indicus-- humped cattle originating in tropical countries

• Crossbreeding- the interbreeding of two or more different breeds of the same species of animal

• Double muscling- an abnormal condition in some beef animals where muscle cells multiply or increase out of proportion to normal cells

• Dual-purpose breed- cattle that are bred for both meat and milk production

Vocabulary

• Horned- cattle that have horns carry the horned trait as a homozygous recessive condition

• Hybrid vigor- increased growth rate often noted in cattle resulting from first-cross mating

• Longevity- length of productive life• Polled-Naturally hornless• Progeny- the offspring or young of animals• Commercial cow/calf producer- producer of beef cattle

primarily concerned w/ pounds of beef produced

Vocabulary

• Purebred breeder- producer of beef herd sires or replacement heifers to be used by commercial cow/calf or other purebred breeders

• Progeny testing- the testing of the offspring of individuals for various growth and carcass traits

Vocabulary

• Bull- mature male cattle of breeding age• Heifer- immature female cow• Calf- baby cow• Steer- castrated male• Cow- mature female cattle of breeding age• Bullock- male castrated after reaching

sexual maturity

11/19 1st per.11/19 6th per.

Angus

• Originated in Northeast Scotland.• Polled and moderate in size• Solid red or black• Only breed solely for beef • Reputation for early maturity

Angus

Hereford

Hereford

• Originated in Hereford England• Red with white markings• White face and white on the underline,

flank,chest,switch,and below the knees• High yield of beef • Thick coat of hair

Polled Hereford

Polled Hereford

• Originated in Iowa• Red with white markings: White face, white

on the underline, flanks, crest, switch, breast, and below the knees.

• Adequate in size• Ability to adapt and dependable for

reproduction

Red Angus

Red Angus

• Originated in Scotland• Evolved from Black Angus• Known for beef producing characteristics• Ease in calving• Good milking ability

Shorthorn

Shorthorn

• Originated in Durham, Northumberland• They may be red or white, or both• Good milking ability• Excellent growth and carcass traits

Beefmaster

Beefmaster

• Originated in Falfurias, Texas in 1908• Red is the dominant color, but color is

variable and disregarded• Known for weight, conformation, milking

ability, fertility, hardness, and disposition• Majority are horned• Good milk producers w/heavy weaning

weights

Brahman

Brahman

• Originated in India• Gray or red is preferred, but there are

brown, black, white, and spotted• Have a hump and long ears• Are known for heat tolerance, withstanding

low temperatures, disease and insect resistance, resistance to bloating, good crossbreeding, and intelligence

Brangus

Brangus

• Originated in Oklahoma• 3/8 Brahman + 5/8 Angus cross • Polled and black in color• Slight crest over neck and smooth, sleek

coat• Feeder cattle yield thick, high cutting

carcasses

1st per. 11/206th per. 11/20

Santa Gertrudis

Santa Gertrudis

• Originated in Texas• Named after Spanish land grant of Santa

Gertudis• 5/8 Shorthorn & 3/8 Brahman• Can be red or cherry red• Generally horned, but they’re polled strains• Hair is short, straight and slick

Simbrah

Simbrah

• Originated in the U.S., mostly Texas• Purebred consists of 5/8 Simmental and 3/8

Brahman• Can be red, straw, or gray in color w/white

intermixed• Known for fertility, hardiness, adaptability,

rapid growth, heat tolerance, and longevity

Watusi

Watusi

• Originated in Africa• Comes in all colors• Resistant to drought, direct sunlight, and

heat• Digestive system can utilize poor quality

and limited quantities of food and water

Charolais

Charolais• Originated in Charolais, France• Characteristics:

– Light tan at birth– Change to a creamy white – Horned and have pink skin and mucous

membranes• Noted for large size,growth thrust and bred-

in meat

Chianina

Chianina

• Originated in the Chianina Valley, Tuscany Province in central Italy

• Characteristics:– Porcelain white hair– Black switch– Dark skin– Horns and a narrow head

• Largest breed of cattle in the world and known for trimness of middle and fineness of head

Gelbvieh

Gelbvieh

• Originated in Bavaria• Characteristics:

– Solid golden red to rust in color– Horned– Large, long-bodied, well-muscled and have

high-quality carcasses• Known for excellence in growth, muscling,

and marketability

Limousin

Limousin• Originated in southwestern France• Characteristics:

– Wheat to rust color– Lower in fat,cholesterol,and calories that

average choice beef• Known for aggressiveness and fertile sires

that produce calves with genetic ability to grow quickly and efficiently

1st per. 11/21

Maine-Anjou

Maine-Anjou

• Originated in French province of Maine and Anjou• Characteristics:

– Dark red w/ white underline, often w/ small white patches,dark roans are found

• Known for calving ease, high fertility performance, feed efficiency, carcass quality, udder quality, early maturity & good disposition

Salers

Salers

• Originated in south-central mountainous area of France

• Characteristics:– Solid deep cherry red, w/ white switch and sometimes

white spots under the belly– Oldest and most genetically pure of all European

breeds

• Known for calving ease, maternal efficiency and carcass merit

6th per. 11/21

Simmental

Simmental

• Originated in the Simme Valley of western Switzerland

• Characteristics:– Red and white spotted– Dominant white face

• Efficient producers of quality beef and adapt easily to severe weather conditions

Beefalo

Beefalo

• Originated in California• 3/8 buffalo and 5/8 domestic cattle• Breed medium in size and can be assorted

colors• Meat is higher in protein and lower in fat

than domestic beef• Females have a production life of about

twice that of domestic female cattle

Belted Galloway

Belted Galloway

• Originated in Scotland • Black with a brownish tinge or dun with a white

belt completely encircling the body between the shoulders and hooks

• Breed produces high-quality meat, calves easily• has a regular breeding cycle and breeds back

easily and quickly• Heavy coat of hair

Braford

Braford

• Originated in Florida• Red or brindle, with white markings on the

head and pigmentation around the eyes• Horned and polled strains• Short haired, heat tolerant, fertile and good

milk producers• Have only a slight hump

Charbray

Charbray

• Originated in Texas• ¾ Charolais 1/4 Brahman to 7/8 Charolais

and 1/8 Brahman• Light tan at birth, usually changes to a

creamy white in a few weeks• Known for easy calving, structural

soundness, climatic adaptability, high rate of gain, quality lean beef

Corriente

Corriente

• Originated in Mexico• Any color is acceptable except pure white• Known as sports cattle with high fertility rates,

early maturity, trouble-free calving and foraging efficiency

• Small, athletic animals with high stamina• Have heavy horns and a gentle disposition• Used for team roping, bull dogging, team penning

and cutting

Romagnola

Romagnola

• Originated in Italy• Are solid off-white to light gray• Bulls usually have a darker color of hair about the

shoulders with black around the eyes and a black switch

• Tongue, muzzle, body orifices, tail and hooves are black

• Head appears to be short and horns are longer and sharper than in the other white breeds

• In Italy , it is used for both milk and meat