Vocabulary Idioms & Phrases

Reading-Paragraphs 5-11

Post-reading

Listen to paragraphs 5-11.

Skip

Now,answer the following questions.

Why are chat rooms so appealing ?

Modern people often want to get away from other people and , at the same time, be close to them.Venturing into the world of Chat room relationships is one way to satisfy their need for connection.

Chat rooms are not physical settings. They exist in cyberspace, and cyberspace exists in the mind of the user.

There are no walls, floors, ceilings,or street addresses to define the space.

Next

define 確定…的界線或範圍； 明確勾勒出…的輪廓• The river defines the border between the two countries.• As the sun rose, Mt. Ali was defined against the blue sky.

There are no walls, floors, ceilings,or street addresses to define the space.

(1) 不定詞片語代替關係代名詞所引導的 限定形容詞子句 , 修飾前面的先行詞。 There are no walls, floors, ceilings, or street addresses to define the space. → There are no walls...or street addresses which define the space.

Next

There are no walls, floors, ceilings,or street addresses to define the space.

(2) 先行詞受到序數 , 最高級 , the only, the very 的修飾時 , 關係代名詞一律用that 。• Mr. Brown was the first one to show up in the meeting. = Mr. Brown was the first one that showed up in the meeting.• The little girl was the only one to survive the car accident. = The little girl was the only one that survived the car accident.

The members of a particular “room” are usually scattered all over the country or all over the world. “room”

room 以 quotation marks 標示，呼應前面對於 chat room 的定義 (Chat rooms are not physical settings. They exist in cyberspace, and cyberspace exists in the mind of the user. There are no walls, floors, ceilings, or street addresses to define the space.) ，表示聊天室雖稱為「室」，但並非一個實體空間。

Next

The members of a particular “room” are usually scattered all over the country or all over the world. scatter

(1) 消散；撒(2) 使分散在各處，通常用在被動語態。• The branches of this bank are scattered all over the country.

Time and distance are no obstaclesto connecting.

(1) S + be + no + SC (N)....這裡的 no 為形容詞，在 be 動詞後接主詞補語，表「根本不是，絕不是」，是一種強調語氣的用法。• He is not a coward. 他不是懦夫。• He is no coward. 他絕不是懦夫。 ( 恰恰相反，為上句的強調用法 )(2) be an obstacle to + sth 為…的障礙物、絆腳石• Laziness is a big obstacle to success.• His parents’ opposition is an obstacle to his marriage. Next

Time and distance are no obstaclesto connecting.

Time and distance are no obstacles to connecting.→ Time and distance can’t stop people from being connected.

Internet architects have created a place to connect minds, not bodies.

Internet architect 「網路整合師」的工作主要在串聯網站、提供各項網路服務以及網路安全防護。...a place to connect minds, not bodies.→ ...a place which connects minds, not bodies. 不定詞片語 (to connect minds...) 代替關係代 名詞所引導之限定形容詞子句，修飾前面 的先行詞 (a place) ，且否定詞 not 後面省略 與前面相同的對等結構 (to connect) ，讓前 後的對比更清楚、明顯。

As millions of Netsurfers do every minute of every day, belief suspends reality.

as 為準關係代名詞引導非限定的形容詞子句，

指涉後面整個句子 (belief suspends reality) ，用法相當於 which 。• That would be impossible, as I have already explained to you.• As is usual, Bob came to school late this morning.• We tried to force the door open, which was found to be impossible.

Next

As millions of Netsurfers do every minute of every day, belief suspends reality.

準關係代名詞 as 與 which 的不同：as 引導的子句可以放在句首，which 所引導的子句則不行。• As I have already explained to you, that would be impossible.

It doesn’t matter whether chat rooms really exist or not.

It 乃虛主詞，後面 wh 子句才是句子的真主詞。• It doesn’t matter to me whether he comes or not.(whether 子句中不可用未來式 )• It doesn’t matter what you wear just as long as you come.

What really matters to them is that they believe these “rooms” exist and, more importantly, they believe the contact they make with others there—in all of its forms—is every bit as real as real life.

what 為首的名詞子句當主詞時，後面接單數動詞。• What I need is a good long vacation.• What really annoyed me was the way he talked about what he had done.

Next

What really matters to them is that they believe these “rooms” exist and, more importantly, they believe the contact they make with others there—in all of its forms—is every bit as real as real life.

that 引導的名詞子句做主詞補語。• His excuse for being late was that there was

a traffic jam.importantly 多與 more 或 most 連用，表示「更重要的是；最重要的是」• They made it to the top, but more importantly, they did it without any help.• Most importantly, you must work hard to catch up.

Next

What really matters to them is that they believe these “rooms” exist and, more importantly, they believe the contact they make with others there—in all of its forms—is every bit as real as real life.

原句 =→ ...they believe (that) the contact (that) they make with others there.... 因為前面已有了一個 that (What really matters to them is that....) ， 為了講究修辭，避免字詞重複，所以 believe 和 the contact 後的兩個 that 最好省略。 Next

What really matters to them is that they believe these “rooms” exist and, more importantly, they believe the contact they make with others there—in all of its forms—is every bit as real as real life.與 contact 連用的搭配動詞尚有：

come in(to) contact with與…接觸、聯絡 lose/keep in/stay in contact with與…失去 / 保持聯絡 make contact with與…取得聯繫

Next

What really matters to them is that they believe these “rooms” exist and, more importantly, they believe the contact they make with others there—in all of its forms—is every bit as real as real life.

Next

in all of its forms此破折號引出的片語用來說明在聊天室跟其他人接觸的所有方式，如文字、聲音、圖片、影像等，都被認為是千真萬確的。

What really matters to them is that they believe these “rooms” exist and, more importantly, they believe the contact they make with others there—in all of its forms—is every bit as real as real life.

every bit (as) real as real life此為英文修辭格中明喻 (simile) 的用法，這是用比喻詞來表示「本體」 (the contact they make...) 與「喻體」 (real life) 之間相似處的比較。其中在 as...as 的架構中，第一個 as 可以省略，而副詞片語 every bit 是用來加強 real的程度 .

Why would these Netsurfers want to work to get into a room where they do nothing but type back and forth?

work 是指「努力」，有時因為網路線路繁忙或聊天室人數限制，要進入聊天室是得花些時間和耐心的。所以此處用 work ，是強調「不怕麻煩，花些時間，耐心等待」。• They worked hard to persuade him out of the plan.

Next

Why would these Netsurfers want to work to get into a room where they do nothing but type back and forth?

Nothing but 表「只是，只不過」，可以接在 V, V-ing, 或 N 之前，表示 only 或just 。例：• It did nothing but make us ridiculous. (注意要用 make ，而非 made 。 )• They care for nothing but fighting.• Jane drinks nothing but milk.• Nothing but a miracle can save her life.back and forth 來來回回= to and fro; backward and forward• The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.

To understand the appeal of chat rooms, we simply need to understand an aspect of basic human nature.

Human beings have a basic need to connect with others and make sense of their lives.

make sense (out) of　了解，理解• Can you make sense (out) of what the man is saying?其他含 sense 的用語尚有：• He was so drunk that what he spoke didn’t make sense. ( 有意義 )• Now you are talking sense. (言之有理 )

Next

Human beings have a basic need to connect with others and make sense of their lives.

...a basic need [to connect with others and make sense of their lives]. 不定詞片語 (to connect...) 用來修飾前面的名詞 a basic need ，而第二個不定詞to make sure 前面省略一個重複的 to 。• The government had plans to increase taxes.• Their offer to assist in the work was accepted.

As people become increasingly removed from their neighbors, they behave in direct conflict with this aspect of their basic nature.

as = when; while 　 當• As they were sitting down to dinner, the phone rang.• I saw Jane as I was getting off the train.become removed from　疏離，疏遠removed (a.) 遠離的，疏離的a town removed from the capital 一個遠離首都的城鎮• Peter has become removed from his friends since he moved to another city.

Next

As people become increasingly removed from their neighbors, they behave in direct conflict with this aspect of their basic nature.

in conflict with 與…衝突，與…不一致• Her behavior is in conflict with her principles.

The fast pace of life has reduced contact among people to brief sound bites which have little or no meaning.

reduce A to B 將 A減少、簡化、降低為 B• The explosion reduced the windowpanes into fragments.• After the fire, the mansion was reduced to ashes.

The Introduction of Sound Bite Next

The Introduction of Sound Bite

sound bites 原指電視或廣播新聞報導中，一小段摘錄自訪談的話語或簡短聲明。一段新聞節目通常由許多報導組成，而一則報導可占的時間有限，所以媒體人只好簡短摘錄與不同公眾人物的相關訪談內容，穿插在報導中，而此種所摘錄的「話語片段」便稱為sound bite 。而這個媒體用字 sound bite 在課文中衍伸成「簡短而空泛的話語」之意，指出現代人生活忙碌，人與人之間的對話被壓縮成簡短的隻字片語。

The fast pace of life has reduced contact among people to brief sound bites which have little or no meaning.

sound bites which have little or no meaning→ nearly meaningless sound bites

Many of them are burned out by the end of the day and don’t want to deal with anyone.

be burned out = burn oneself out; wear out; knock out 精疲力竭• Mr. Wang was burned out/burned himself out after having worked fifteen hours without rest.

This situation leads to a contradiction. People often want to get away from others and, at the same time, be close to them.

lead to = cause; result in; give rise to 導致，引起• The event led to endless confusion.• The error of the driver led to a fatal railway disaster.

Venturing into the world of cyberspace relationships is one way to satisfy their need for connection.

動名詞 (venturing into...relationships) 當主詞，後接單數動詞。• Finding a job is difficult these days.

不定詞片語 (to satisfy their need...) 修飾前面的名詞 one way 。除了 satisfy 以外，其他常見和 need 搭配的動詞尚有：fill/fulfill/meet/serve/supply a need 。

The relationships formed there can range from casual and fleetingones to serious and lifelong ones.

The relationships formed there....→ The relationships which are formed there....

range from A to B ( 範圍等 ) 涉及 A 到 B• Dress sizes range from small to extra large.• Accommodation ranges from tourist class to luxury hotels.

In chat rooms, people become addicted, fall in love, develop friendships, or experience conflict.

Today, these online connections are, for the most part, text-based exchanges.

for the most part=mostly 主要地，大部分此副詞片語為插入語，修飾整個句子的語義。• There were some complaints, but for the most part the guests seemed to enjoy themselves.

-based 以…為基礎或組成要素computer-based jobs, oil-based sauces, an export-based policy.

Soon, all of that will change as technology develops new and more sophisticated ways to communicate.

that 為代名詞，代替前面所提事情：• Today, these online connections are, for the most part, text-based exchanges.

Next

Soon, all of that will change as technology develops new and more sophisticated ways to communicate. sophisticated(1) 世故的having or showing signs of experience in social life and behavior• The child is quite sophisticated for his age.(2) 複雜的，精密的，精巧的，尖端的highly sophisticated computer systems• Medical techniques are becoming more sophisticated all the time.

Many of them are already here.

Audio compression makes it possible to speak over the Internet in real time.

audio compression 「音訊壓縮」通常是透過不同的計算方式、忽略人們聽覺中不易察覺的波段或製造聽覺上的錯覺，來大幅降低聲音訊號的資料量，卻還能維持聲音的品質，甚至變得更好的技術。

Next

Audio compression makes it possible to speak over the Internet in real time.

make + it + Adj (+ for sb) + to Vit 為虛受詞，形容詞 (possible) 乃受詞補語，真正的受詞是後面的不定詞片語(to speak...time) 。• The bad weather made it impossible for us to go on a picnic.• The Internet makes it convenient for people around the world to communicate with one another. Next

Audio compression makes it possible to speak over the Internet in real time.

in real time = without delay　即時• The journalists will have unprecedented opportunities to report from the front line in real time.

Mass use of video conferencing is not far off in the future.

mass use 是指「大量或大規模的使用」，其他常與 mass 搭配的用字尚有：mass destruction 「大規模毀滅」， mass production 「大量生產」等。

Next

Mass use of video conferencing is not far off in the future.

video conferencing 「視訊會議」是將相隔兩地的會議室，經由影像、語音輸出入設備以及電信網路的連結，讓會議雙方可以如同在同一會議室開會，不但能聽到對方的聲音，並且能透過電視或電腦的螢幕看到對方的動態影像。此外，圖表、文件、簡報、數據分析等資料也能相互傳送，如同面對面的會議。

What is the next step? Possibly, it is a tactile medium. Perhaps, it will someday include olfactory sensation and taste.

It will be a virtual experience indeed.

在這裡作者玩弄 virtual 一字的含意，表示現今「虛擬的」體驗在未來將成為「實際、實質」的體驗。

As the Internet expands, the world continues to shrink.

Nothing is so powerful as the Internetin connecting people all over the world since it has no physical or cultural limitations.

since 於此乃連接詞，表「由於，因為」之意• He must have taken the book since it isn’t here.• Since we’ve got half an hour to wait for the train, let’s have a cup of coffee.

You may navigate the Internet any time you wish, but be prepared to encounter challenging interpersonal experiences along the way!

Back

I. Reading for the Main Idea and Details

A. Check the topic of the reading.

□ Weight problem. □ The Internet. □ Friendship. □ Computers.

B. Check the best title for the reading. □ Online Love Affairs □ Computers and Modern Life □ The Development of the Internet □ Chat Rooms and Contact with Others

C. Which of the following statements is the main idea of the reading? Write “N” for the one that is too narrow, “B” for the one that is too broad, and “M” for the main idea.____ Chat rooms only exist in the mind of the user.____ The Internet breaks physical barriers and satisfies people’s need for contact with others.____ The Internet enables people in different places to contact one another.

N

M

B

D. Match the items on the left with those on the right.

1. Chat rooms are not created for physical contact, ...

2. Suffering neglect and verbal abuse, ...

3. In chat rooms, people do nothing but…

a. ...type back and forth.

b. ...but for communication.

c. ...to connect with others and understand their lives.

D. Match the items on the left with those on the right.

4. Online connections

among people are believed...

5. Human beings have a basic need...

d. ...reflecting chat room participants’ interests.

e. ...Anna found food as her source of comfort.

f. ...to be as real as real life.

Check the answers.

1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____

beafc

II. Reading Strategy: SkimmingSkimming is a way to achieve high-speed reading. It is also an effective reading skill when you want to quickly find out the author’s point of view or the general idea of a reading material. When you skim a passage, carefully read the first sentence because it usually contains the general idea of the passage.

II. Reading Strategy: SkimmingLikewise, when you skim an article, you should read the first sentence of each paragraph, which is often the topic sentence. You should read the last paragraph carefully, which is usually used to summarize the main idea of the article.

Exercise:Skim the reading. Match each paragraph on the next page with its main idea. The first one has been done for you.

Paragraphs 6-7

Paragraph 8

(A) Internet services satisfy people’s need for contact with others.

(B) As technology evolves, one day people may get virtual experience through the Internet.

Exercise:Skim the reading. Match each paragraph on the next page with its main idea. The first one has been done for you.

Paragraph 9

Paragraph 10

(C) The Internet helps people overcome physical

and cultural barriers to communicate with one another.(D) As human beings, people

need to contact with others; however, the fast pace of life discourages them from doing so.

Exercise:Skim the reading. Match each paragraph on the next page with its main idea. The first one has been done for you.

Paragraph 11 (E) As long as people believe that the contact they make with others online is real, it doesn’t matter to them if chat rooms really exist or not.

Check the answers.

E Paragraphs 6-7____ Paragraph 8____ Paragraph 9____ Paragraph 10 ____ Paragraph 11

DABC

Topics for Discussion

1. Suppose in a chat room you meet someone who has interests similar to yours and who always says something that you want to hear. After a few chats, he or she suggests a meeting. Would you agree to

a face-to-face meeting? Give your reasons.

Reference answer:

Yes, I would. It’s hard to find someone whom you really like and whom you can always have nice talks with. But I would insist on meeting him or her in a public place. And when we meet, I would bring friends with me. I will let my parents know where I go and whom I meet. I think it’s safer to do so. After all, some news stories about meeting e-pals are really frightening.

2. Emoticons (表情符號 ) are small icons composed of punctuation marks, numbers or the alphabet. They are used to indicate how an email message should be interpreted (that is, the writer’s mood). For example, a :-) emoticon indicates that the message is meant as a joke and shouldn’t be taken seriously. Discuss with your classmates what the emoticons listed below mean. :-D ＞ :- ＜ :( :’-) ;-) :O :-@ :-o :-V -# :-Q :-x

Reference answer: :-D 　 　　　　　 laughing　＞ :- 　　　　＜ angry :( 　 　　　　　　　　 sad :’-) 　 　　　　　 crying with joy ;-) 　 　　　　　　 winking, just kidding :O 　 　　　　　　 shocked :-@ 　 　　　　 screaming :-o 　 　　　　　　Wow! :-V 　 　　　　　 shouting :-# 　 　　　　　　My lips are sealed. :-Q 　 　　　　　What? :-x 　 　　　　　　　 kiss

Back