volcanism ppt jhez
TRANSCRIPT
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VOLCANISM
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VOLCANISM•Is the phenomenon of eruption of molten rock (magma) onto the surface of the earth or a solid surface planet or moon, where lava, pyroclastics and volcanic gases erupt through a break in the surface called a vent.
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VOLCANIC PROCESSESS•Magma
▫From the mantle or lower crust rises through its crust to the surface.
▫If the magma reaches the surface, its behavior depends on the viscosity of the molten constituent rock.
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VISCOSITY•Viscous ( thick )▫Magma produces volcanoes characterized by explosive eruptions
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Viscous ( thick )
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VISCOSITY•Non – Viscous ( runny ) ▫magma produce volcanoes characterized by effusive eruptions pouring large amounts of lava onto the surface.
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NON – VISCOUS ( RUNNY )
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ASPECTS OF VOLCANISM
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AREAS OF VOLCANISMSub-ducting
Boundaries Plate Sub-ducts
below surface into mantle.
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SUB-DUCTING BOUNDARIES
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Oceanic-Oceanic Volcanoes form near boundary
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OCEANIC-OCEANIC/SUDUCTING
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Mid Ocean Ridges Eruptions occur where plates are diverging.
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MID OCEAN RIDGES
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▫Hot Spots remain stationary while plates move above
Hot Spots
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HOT SPOTS
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VOLCANOES▫Are placed where magma reaches the earth’s surface
▫The type of volcanoes depends on the location of the eruption and consistency of the magma
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TYPE OF VOLCANOES▫Shield Cone
Has a low rounded profile
Gentle slopes of 2-10 degrees
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SHIELD VOLCANO
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TYPE OF VOLCANOES▫ Composite Volcano
(Strato Volcano) Both pyroclastic layers
and lava flows Steep sided near summit
with decreasing slope.
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STRATOVOLCANO / COMPOSITE VOLCANO
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TYPE OF VOLCANOESCinder ConePyroclastic Material (Fragmented material that has been explosively ejected)
Ash and debris accumulates around the vent
Small steep sided cones
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CINDER CONE VOLCANO
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VOLCANISMPREPARED BY:
DAISYRELLE C. COMIDA