volcanoes

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Contents Volcanoes page Contents page Facts How do volcanoes erupt What are volcanoes volcano diagram Impacts on people and there environment Strategies The end

facts Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface. When they are

active they can let ash, gas and hot magma escape in sometimes violent and spectacular eruptions.

The word volcano originally comes from the name of the Roman god of fire, Vulcan.

Volcanoes are usually located where tectonic plates meet. This is especially true for the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area around the Pacific Ocean where over 75% of the volcanoes on Earth are found.

Hot liquid rock under the Earth’s surface is known as magma, it is called lava after it comes out of a volcano.

While we certainly have some big volcanoes here on Earth, the biggest known volcano in our solar system is actually on Mars. Its name is Olympus Mons and it measures a whooping 600km (373 miles) wide and 21km (13 miles) high.

 First a volcano makes something called magma from melted rock.  The magma goes through a currency.  It has to form at the bottom of the volcano and then start its way up the main vent. The main vent is a hole that is in the volcano and when the volcano is ready to erupt the lava is at the top of the main vent.  The magma goes up the main vent slowly while it is still getting hotter.  When the magma is about half way up the main vent it turns into lava.  Lava is a very hot liquid which burns the remaining rocks from the magma.  The lava slowly continues up the main vent.  While going up the lava continues to get hotter and hotter. Ash and rocks are collected and the lava is getting hotter and hotter while the lava is continuing its way up the main vent.  When the lava is at the top of the main vent the volcano erupts.  The lava blasts out of the volcano along with ash, rocks, and a cloud of dust that is very thick.  

How do volcanos erupt?

What are volcanos • Volcanos are just like mountains but a volcano has a main vent

a main vent is a hole where the lava comes out .

• A volcano is a conical hill or mountain formed by material from the mantle being forced through an opening or vent in the Earth's crust.

•Volcanoes are openings in the Earth’s surface. When they are active they can let ash, gas and hot magma escape in sometimes violent and spectacular eruptions

•Volcanoes are usually located where tectonic plates meet. This is especially true for the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area around the Pacific Ocean where over 75% of the volcanoes on Earth are found.

Eruption cloud

Magma chamber

crater

Main vent

Lava flowlava

Volcanic rocks

Diagram of a volcano

Negative Positive

Impacts on people and the environment

Ash on houses Lava can cover housesResult in death Air crash of planes or delayed flights

Rich volcanic soilsVolcanic eruptions create economic mineral depositsTo provide nutrients to surrounding soilThey might survive

Strategies Making sure that they are ready if a volcano hits there city

Put goggles and disposable breathing masks for each family member in your family

Try Supply a safety kit for everyone in you community

Tell them that a volcano is going to erupt

By Zion and Anthony