volcanoes on stage 07
TRANSCRIPT
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The Life Cycle of a Hawaiian Volcano
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Compared to the 4.5 billion-year-old Earth, The Hawaiian Islands are very young.• Kaua`i emerged about 5 million years
ago• The oldest island Kure, is
approximately 30 million years old.
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Deep Submarin
e Stage•An island begins under the ocean. Hot lava pours out of a crack, called a “volcano”•Lava builds a mountain under the sea
Lo`ihi
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Shallow Submarine StageLava builds a dome islandThere are no present examples of an island in the Shallow submarine stage
Lo`ihi will be in this stage thousands of years from now
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Shield building Stage
•A caldera forms at the top of the dome•A caldera is a crater more than 1 mile in diameter
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Landslide Stage•Landslides carried away up to a third of the island away
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Capping Stage•Sometimes the caldera is covered by a cap of lava. •Cones form on the sides
Mauna Kea
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Erosion stage•The sea and water wear down the island. •Coral starts to grow Ko`olau Mountains, Oahu
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Reef growth stage
•The sea is lower, then higher again.•At higher levels more coral grow. •The island sinks
Hanauma Bay, Oahu
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Rejuvenation stage
•The sea is lower again•Small cones send out lava•Reefs are made•The islands settles some more
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Atoll stage
•The island settles under the sea•Only reefs are left. Kure Atoll
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guyot stage
•A flat-topped submerged seamount•Happens when the coral dies and the island sinks beneath the ocean surface