volunteer mgt workshop
DESCRIPTION
another full day workshop => in the throws of revisionsTRANSCRIPT
Volunteer management:motivation and retention
Sarajean Rossitto
TUJ Conted - December 2008
Outline for today
I. Introductions
II. Opening Discussion
III. Volunteer roles
IV. Needs assessment
V. Recruitment and selection
VI. Keeping volunteers
VII. Monitoring, evaluating
VIII. Volunteer mgt policies
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introductions
Tell us your name and about yourself:– Your volunteer or intern experience.– Your experience managing interns or
volunteers.– What you want to get out of this
workshop? – Why you are going us today?– Why is volunteer mgt an issue of
discussion?3
Introductions Who am I? Sarajean Rossitto Tokyo-based, Nonprofit NGO consultant Work contents: skills training, project
and event facilitation, linking Japanese nonprofit NGOs to other groups
Projects, Events &Workshops
Different standpoints: Multiple step process of managing vols
and interns
- Proactive Continuous process Similar to regular staff mgt. Planning & needs based Defined roles.
- Reactive Crisis needs based Placing people suddenly. Taking anyone who comes in the door.
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Discussion
Benefits – how do volunteers and interns contribute to nonprofit NGO?
Challenges – what difficulties do orgs face in managing volunteers and interns?
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Proactive Process
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Recruitment
Need assessment
Evaluation
Planning
Orientation
Monitoring
Training
Scenario review
Review the situation and discuss in groups:
1. What is the situation?
2. Where did the org fail the intern/volunteer?
3. What systems/measures might have helped prevent the problem?
4. What could be done to resolve the problems?
Share some observations.
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Finding keeping & retaining Volunteers
Behind what we will talk about today is an understanding that the following are important:
Keep your goal and mission in mind. Volunteers bring a lot to any org.
Need to think win-win. Focus on the areas you can control.
Open communication is key.
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Challenge #1 => boundaries, knowing your position as a volunteer What is the role and function of volunteers and interns in an organization?
The roles of volunteers
Volunteer roles
There are tools for matching needs and interests -
But first
- an org needs to have clearly defined roles and responsibilities for volunteers
- and you have to know your needs.
Does any group you have worked with have clearly defined the role and Responsibility of volunteers and/or interns? Why? Why not?
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Roles and functions
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Depends on the type of orgDepends on the size and capacityDepends on the org structureBUT should be clarified
Organizational structure #1.
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Membership
Volunteers
Board of Directors
Staff
Organizational structure #2.
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MembershipStaff
Volunteers/interns
Board of Directors
Different structures, different roles
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Looking at the 2 different structures – what are the roles and responsibilities of the main actors.
Board members Staff Volunteers and interns Members
– How do their roles & responsibilities differ?– How are they the same?
Role and Responsibility
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BoardGovernance Fiduciary StaffFundraisingMembership
development Legal
Staff– Daily operationsProject
coordination Admin mgt. OperationsFinancesFundraisingPlanningEvents
Volunteers and internsRole and Responsibility in a developed org
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Supplemental role - to org/own lifeProject supportAdministrative supportNo financial responsibilityNo legal responsibilityMay be membersLearning opportunitySocial opportunityWay to make a differenceCommunity involvement
Effective volunteer management starts with understanding what motivates volunteers.
Why Volunteer?
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What volunteers and interns want
Why do people volunteer or intern in nonprofit NGOs?
What motivated people to get involved in the groups you have been involved in?
How do you know this?
Where did you get this info?
Motivation – individual needs
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They should feel the work:◆ Is meaningful and significant. ◆ Is interesting. ◆ Has a purpose ◆ Is doable - that they can accomplish something.◆ Can fit into their schedule - part-time? ◆ Small enough in scope to be understood and
productively approached.
Motivation – individual needs
They should feel:◆ ‘Ownership’ and ‘responsibility’ for the job.◆ That they have some input into and control over
the work they are asked to do.◆ They are ‘worked with.’◆ Appreciated◆ Good about having achieved something.◆ Valued.
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Motivation – org needs
Volunteer work should:◆ Be significant to the organization. ◆ Be needed – should be a reason. ◆ Be ‘Goal’ and Mission centered. ◆ Have defined outputs, expectations, & concrete
outcomes.◆ Have clear dates by which things are to be
completed.◆ Fit within the org’s schedule. ◆ Small enough in scope to be productively
approached in a few hours a week, or designed to be shared among a group of volunteers.
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Needs assessment and planning
Challenge #2 => Finding a balance betweenWhat you need & What volunteers want
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ORG NEEDS & VOLUNTEER INTERESTS
Balancing work needs (objectively based) with interest/feelings (subjectively based)
Org Preparation is very important Simple tools for clarifying needs
and interests #1 Volunteer job description/work agreement #2 Volunteer introduction/inventory/application
sheet
Assessing your needs
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Work areas:◆ Direct assistance to an individual client.
(Counseling, visitation, mentoring, etc.)◆ Office administrative help. (Information
services, filing, messengers, etc.)◆ Direct assistance to staff. (Research, training,
computer assistance, etc.)◆ Outreach. (Speakers bureau, fundraising,
client marketing, etc.)◆ Advocacy (citizens voice, local/global
campaigns)◆ Community organizing (people from the
community can mobilise others)
Assessing your needsObjective factors
Skill sets Knowledge Education Experience
What is required VS what is preferred
More subjective factors
Project or org needs Personality Maturity Sensitivity Experience Desire to learn Flexibility Ability to do grunt work
How flexible are these?
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Assessing your needs
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What type of skills, education and/or experience does the job require?– Office/admin– Tech/IT– Communications– Pr and marketing– Fundraising– Event or project coordination– Language– Professional or volunteer experience?– Interest level – is issue commitment necessary?
– Education level and type - certificate or lisence?
Assessing your needs
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Timeframe/schedule How often is there a need? One day ? Regular ? Over what period of time?
Can the work be done on a flexible schedule? Do your need the volunteer during set hours? Can this work be done during the evenings?
Weekends?
What is your minimum/maximum time commitment required?
Assessing your needs
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Location– Is it desk work? in the field?– Is the work done in the HQ?– Can some of the work be done at home?
Must it all be done at the office? – Will some work require travel or other
outside the office responsibilities?
Assessing your needs
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Decide what types of volunteers could be of assistance to you. Sample categories of work:
◆ Areas of work that staff don’t want to do.◆ Areas in which there is too much work for
staff to do alone◆ Areas where creating volunteer assistants
may extend staff resources.◆ Areas in which you can extend services
because volunteers would allow staff to focus or begin other work.
◆ Also consider jobs based on the recipients of the service.
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Tools - Volunteer job descriptions
Key elements of the JD Project intro Skills needed/to be learned Time commitment/basic time line Key deadlines Impact of the volunteer work Appreciation? Grunt work?
Be careful of overdoing it!
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Tools - Volunteer job descriptions
1. Allows you to outline your priorities and needs:
2. Gives them the chance to show their interest
3. Allow them to design a vol or internship with some parts of the JD to meet their interests - without giving up org needs.
Group Discussion
Review some sample volunteer and intern JDs: What is attractive/Not attractive about the JD? How you revise the JD to make it more appealing? What can be applied practically? Make a sample JD based on one of your group
members experience.
Give a short overview of what you came up with.
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Volunteer mgt toolsVolunteer introduction / application forms Assess their interests and background
– Find out their needs – Match them with jobs or not …
What are some of the questions you would ask?
Review some samples– Which are more effective than others? Why?
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Volunteer mgt toolsVolunteer introduction / application forms Some of the key bits of info you need:
1. Self intro2. Contact info – email, phone3. Why they want to volunteer – interest, required, free
time, lonely, social, community contribution, etc,4. Skills they have – computer, language, project,
volunteer, admin5. What they want to learn – skills, issue, 6. Time commitment and time frame – hours per week,
how many months7. Grunt work related Qs
Be careful of overdoing it!
Group Discussion #4Review some sample forms: Which are more less effective and why? Select one format - How would you
adjust it to best find the person your want for JD #1 or #2 or #3?
Share what you came up with.
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Recruitment and selection
Challenge #3=> Finding those people you need.
How do you bring in the people you want?
Recruiting your targetsYou know what you need but…
Who has the skills and/or experience you require?
Who has the time you require? What will attract those people? What are their interests?
… and how will you find them?
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Recruitment - examplesFor what target groups do these
make sense?What types of volunteers will be
attracted? Your website Blogs Mixi Events NGO/Nonprofit info sites Handing out fliers Group mailings DM Free papers Speed matching events Info sessions/volunteer guidance sessions ( 説明会)
Other?40
What makes an effective info session?
What would you include in an info session?What will you tell them?What materials would you give out?
Org intro Staff introductionsPast successes Board introFinancial report Annual reportPublications NewsletterContracts/agreements Signup sheetFliers on events Slide showHistory Intro to intern/vol needsMgt policy materials Vol/intern policy
materialsSet up email accounts Tour of officeOrg history Other?
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What makes an effective info session?
Info session sample outline 1
Time 60 min
Contents Org Intro (10 min)Intro to staff and roles (5
min)Intro to main projects (5 min)Intro to intern/vol roles,
needs & JDs (10min)Q & A (10min)Time to fill in forms (5min)Gage interest, set up
interviews/ Confirm next steps (10min)
What materials are useful?
Info session sample outline 2
Time 90 min Contents Self intro (5-10 min)Org Intro (10 min)Slideshow /Video (10 min)Q % A (10 min)Intro to intern/vol roles, needs &
JDs (10-15min)Q & A plus time to fill in forms
(15min)Intro to staff supervising each vol
& direct discussion (15 min)Confirm next steps - Set schedule
(10 min)
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Group discussion on Recruitment
Brain storm how to find people your organization needs.
Each group will focus on one JD.
How do you get info to them?– What media works best?– What will appeal to them?
How do you get people to your office?
– Do you have regular events?– When is good to do these?
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Lunch time!
Vol roleplay – 1st day on the job
One person is the new volunteer Others are employees & volunteers in
the organization
Read your role – Understand the situation and you position– Give me back the card
Discuss the role play
What happened? Why did the difficulties occur? How could these have been solved in
advance? How could these have been dealt with
afterwards?
Support at the start & ongoing
Getting off on the right foot– Interview– Orientation
Ongoing support– Training– Supervision – Evaluation
What makes an effective interview?
Personalised interviews Screening of potential volunteers Select vols that match your org needs
and style Be open to diversity You do not need to take every warm
body that walks through the door Give them a sense of long-term impacts
and be realistic about the contents of the work.
Identify and weeds out those with goals related to the positions you have available
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Supporting volunteers from the start
OrientationWhat should be taught?
Some elements:– Show direction.– Organizational intro– Staff/board intro– Policies over time– Workspace, supervisor– Job description and
agreement– Communication/Valuing.
TrainingWhat skills can be shared?
Examples:– Computer/IT.– Project mgt.– Phone manner.– Writing skills development– Network enhancement.– Social &/or global issues
linkages.– Issue and solution connection.– Communication/Valuing.
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Ongoing volunteer support
Supervision Who
Staff partner How
Journal Meetings Outputs
Scheduling Time sheet Regularity Meeting Follow-up
Communication/Valuing
EvaluationOngoing assessment
Set policy i.e. every 2 months, at the
end of each project phase
Regular No surprises Follow-up
Measurable Set questions or check list
Communication/Valuing50
Ongoing volunteer support
Contracts & agreements
Has anyone had a volunteer or intern contract?
What was included? / What should be included?
How can you use a contract or agreement as a supportive document for the volunteer? For the organization?
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Ongoing volunteer support
Agreements and contracts
Key contents: rights and responsibilities– Role?– Focus of work?– Expectations?– Deadlines?– Supervisor?– Schedule?– Insurance coverage?– In case of emergency?– Refer to policies or spell them out in detail?
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Ongoing volunteer support
Evaluation and review review projects/ review basic duties reward/acknowledge successes review training needs /offer incentives independent work - encourage reporting -
accountability. develop work plans - identify obstacles Review past work and decide on next steps
Self eval and eval from other staff
Group workWork in two groups Group A will focus on how to support
volunteers – see worksheet
Group B will focus on evaluation of volunteers – contract and check list as reference materials
Volunteer retention & “Valuing”
Challenge #4 => vol turn overHow do we keep our volunteers?Challenge #5 => appreciationHow do we let them know they are important?
Discussion Why do volunteers leave? Why do volunteer stay? How can orgs motivate volunteers? What are some effective methods for
keeping volunteers?
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Retention Why do they leave?Examples:
Semester is over Life changes Lack of interest Bored by work Project is over Lack of impact Lack of commitment Feel useless Too much grunt work Can not get along with
others
Why do they stay?Examples:
Have to Have time Interested New project Feeling they make a
difference Skills are used Commitment Feel welcome & part of
the team Made friends
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Which are within our control or sphere of influence? Which are not?
Volunteer retentionNecessity for insitutionalisation:
Objective and subjective elements All lead back to goals and mission All lead back to JD Requires leadership.
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ValuingTools and policies => Institutionalised appreciation
and recognition
Feeling valued/showing a person’s value to the org, to the project, to the beneficiaries.
Easy to say they are valued – but do they feel it? How do you know?
Questions to consider
Appreciation/valuing systems
What policies and/or tools do orgs you have worked with have in place?
How do orgs you have worked with show appreciation to volunteers formally and informally?
Who is responsible for doing this? Why those people?
Does this happen at all levels: BoD? Staff? Interns? Vols? Members? Donors? Etc.
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Appreciation/valuing toolsIn Words- Comments at morning
meetings & the end of each vol. session
- Orientation style
- Birthday greetings
- Telling them the impact of their work
- Thanking
Saying thanks
Ways of communicating with volunteers
- Systematic and spontaneous
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Appreciation/valuing systems - tools
ActionsEvents – regularly organized
lunches or coffee breaks
- Parties- Training sessions- Asking them to do
presentations or give trainings
- Mixing boring work with fun
Acknowledgement - In program- At events- In newsletters- Giving a certificate,
award or medal
Giving org items
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Appreciation/valuing systems - tools
Actions - Institutionalise
Database
Checklist
Monthly events
Having a staff person in charge of this.
Words - institutionalise
Training and orientation programs
Communications training for all
Setting a standard for internal communication.
Group Discussion
Valuing Brainstorm all the possible forms of valuing Include
ways that communicate appreciate in both Words and Actions
Review your list - which are the most realistic for your organization.
Why are some possible and other not possible?
Give a short overview of what you came up with.
What can you apply from the other lists?
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Volunteer exit & output strategy
Challenge #5 => volunteers leaving
Different circumstances
1. “Natural” End of contract, position
2. “Forced” ending, asking a person to leave
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Volunteer Output System
End their time at the org Conduct an exit interview - can be useful for determining what
things are working well, and where improvements might be needed.
- can be helpful in helping you to understand why volunteers leave or stay on
Stay in touch => depends on their role & interest
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Volunteer Output System Forced early ending of a volunteer
commitment Not just “getting rid of volunteers” Examples:
– People who need friends.– Those who are more trouble than help.– Those who just to be affiliated with the group.– Those who harass others.– Those who hurt the rep of the org.
Having an agreement, regular evals and meetings help you do this better
May or may not exit interview. Never easy! Ideas for how to do this?
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Volunteer mgt policy
Put all these pieces together + legal requirement+ org requirements => volunteer mgt policy
Other: Volunteer insurance? Allowances?
Leadership & commitment
A volunteer leader and org commitment is necessary for follow through
Mgt skills Institutionalisation Investment in infrastructure Ongoing supervision of volunteer/intern program as
one part of the org Create an inclusive, welcoming climate Communication.
* Retention requires more than mgt skills.
* Soft and hard aspects.69
Volunteer coordinator leadership
Effective leaders involve volunteers in both the group and the work they do:1.Value each person’s uniqueness2.Work with each person’s potential, strengths &
interests3.Understand different levels of commitment4.Provide meaningful work5.Provide opportunity6.Allow for voice to be heard7.Provide choices8.Serve as a coach or mentor
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Final group discussion
In two groups:
take different parts of today’s discussion and develop an outline for volunteer or intern mgt policy.
What systems/measures will help: Find or retain the people your org needs? Address org needs and individual interests? Motivate people to be an asset to your organization? Proactively deal with possible problems?
Discuss then present to all.
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Final notes Always be mission oriented
– jobs need to fit org needs
Give good leadership
Give clear, appropriate assignments – Make the work fulfilling
Help volunteers understand the impact of their work
Respect volunteers – Recognize their contribution
Think of volunteers as org resources– Put their resources to good use
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Wrap-up
Final comments & questions:
Thanks for joining today!
Good luck in your volunteering!
[email protected]://sarajean-r.blogspot.com/
http://sarajeanr.wordpress.com/
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Resources: for this presentation
Volunteer Management Capacity in America’s Charities and Congregations, The Urban Institute
www.urban.org/uploadedpdf/410963_VolunteerManagment.pdf
Volunteer Management Practices and Retention of Volunteers, The Urban Institutewww.urban.org/UploadedPDF/411005_VolunteerManagement.pdf
Volunteer Mgt . Resource Kit - Volunteering Queenslandwww.volunteeringqueensland.org.au/forms/vol%20man%20resource%20web%20kit.PDF
Volunteer Mgt Audit The Canadian Code for Volunteer Involvement
http://www.volunteer.ca/volcan/eng/content/can-code/can-code.php
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Resources: Useful websites
Energize – online volunteer mag
http://www.energizeinc.com/hot.html
Speech on volunteerism
http://www.maq.org.au/programs/conf01/proceedings/dimorg04.htm
Nonprofit mgt. help article: http://www.managementhelp.org/staffing/outsrcng/volnteer/volnteer.htm
Action without bordershttp://www.idealist.org/if/idealist/en/FAQ/QuestionViewer/default?categoryid=54&item=1§ion=4&sid=58344449-92-vbAPh
Links can be found at http://one-day-workshops.blogspot.com/
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