vsphere base install

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INTRODUCTION

Welcome!

Welcome to "vSphere Base Install" at VMworld 2009! In the course of the next 40-50 minutes, your participation in this lab will give you hands-on experience in

creating your own Cloud Computing Environment by installing and performing the base configuration for the world's first Cloud Operating System, VMware vSphere 4.

We've taken the liberty of utilizing several other VMware technologies to provide you with this special lab environment; you will start out with a handful of machines,

and in the process of completing the steps of this lab, will end up with a vSphere cloud environment.

Additionally, we've taken care of some system prerequisites and pre-installation activities in order to minimize the amount of time you spend "twiddling your thumbs"

while waiting for installs to complete.

Here's what you'll start out with:

vSphere Base Install

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Here's what you'll end up with:


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In this lab we'll be using some terms that are familiar to longtime VMware uses, as well as some new ones that have been introduced with vSphere 4.

First, the core VMware host software is known as "ESX" . This is the "bare metal" hypervisor that provides the environment and resource sharing for the VMware virtual

machine.

"vCenter Server" is the evolutionary descendant of "Virtual Center" and is the management hub for the vSphere Cloud OS. While some system configuration can be

performed directly on a given ESX host, much of the power and versatility of the Cloud OS concept can only be gained by allowing vCenter to merge the stand-alone

ESX hosts into a resource cluster.

"vCenter Client" is the user interface for vCenter; while it can be installed and used on the vCenter Server machine, it can be used on remote machines by VM users

and administrators alike.

vPod Elements

As indicated above, you're already taking advantage of some sophisticated VMware technology: the machine you're working on isn't a PC, it's a thin client from the folks

at ChipPC. The ChipPC device is connected to a virtual machine in the datacenter, which was created fresh from a template residing in a Lab Manager environment.

The lab was designed with the expectation that you will keep this document opened on one screen of the thin client while performing the lab's tasks using the other

screen; this should make it easier for you to keep track of the steps on which you're working without having to toggle back-and-forth between windows.

In addition to this VM, you have a set of 2 additional VMs, also created as part of a Lab Manager environment.

This VM has been pre-installed with Windows 2003 Server. This will be the machine that hosts your installation of vCenter Server and vCenter Client; we'll be referring

to this VM as the vCenter machine for the remainder of this document. To speed installation of vCenter on this machine, we've pre-installed Microsoft SQL 2005 Express

Edition (MSEE) as well as some other prerequisites; if you want to repeat this lab at home, you can use a pre-existing version of SQL Server, or the vCenter Server

Setup Wizard will install MSEE for you.

The second and third VMs have been pre-installed with vSphere 4 ESX. While the standard installation of ESX is fairly uncomplicated, some limitations to the VMworld

vPod environment prevent us from giving you that experience; however, we've done our best to replicate the screens from a real-world install in Part One. Luckily,

that's not the important part of the lab: a stand-alone ESX machine is the best virtualization host in the business, but it still isn't part of the Cloud OS until it's added to

vCenter. We'll be referring to the pre-installed ESX machines as ESX1 and ESX2 for the remainder of the document.

And we've added a final twist to the environment: you'll also get the opportunity to add some shared storage to the new cloud environment using HP's LeftHand

Networks virtual iSCSI target.

Getting Started

Before we get to work, we want you to remember that this is a "Self-Paced Lab." Take your time and work through the steps that follow at your own pace. If you get

stuck, or something doesn't work the way it was documented, don't sweat it: there are plenty of Lab Guys (and Lab Gals) who can help you out.

PART ONE "ESX INSTALLATION WALKTHROUGH"


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VMware vSphere leverages the power of virtualization to transform datacenters into simplified cloud computing infrastructures and enables IT organizations to deliver

flexible and reliable IT services. VMware vSphere virtualizes and aggregates the underlying physical hardware resources across multiple systems and provides pools of

virtual resources to the datacenter.

As a cloud operating system, VMware vSphere manages large collections of infrastructure (such as CPUs, storage, and networking) as a seamless and dynamic

operating environment, and also manages the complexity of a datacenter.

As noted above, a core component of vSphere is the ESX host. The ESX software comes in two main flavors, ESX and ESXi. The primary difference between the two isthat ESX comes with a special, pre-configured and hidden virtual machine called "the Service Console" , which appears to the operator as a GNU/Linux console logon.

This Service Console provides access to the ESX host hardware and kernel that isn't available to any other VM; this special relationship provides IT organizations the

ability to install custom software (like storage and backup agents) to extend ESX for their environment. Conversely, ESXi does not contain a service console and is

available in two forms: ESXi Embedded and Installable. The "Embedded" version is installed by OEM hardware suppliers, and is intended to be run from special bootable

flash media that is embedded in the server hardware; the "Installable" version can be user-installed from optical media just like the "traditional" ESX host with Service

Console.

For the purposes of this lab, we will only use the term ESX to refer to our virtualization servers; although we are providing pre-installed ESX, this lab could be

successfully completed with any combination of ESX flavors.

Regardless of flavor, the ESX softwarealso known in the industry as a "hypervisor" is installed on industry-standard, "bare metal" x86 servers. ESX software provides

resources for, management, and execution of virtual machines. Each ESX host is referred to as a standalone host in the virtual environment. You can group a number ofsimilarly provisioned ESX hosts with connections to the same network and storage subsystems to provide a transparent pool of resources in the virtual environment,

called a cluster, which is the smallest functional unit of the Cloud OS.

The first step in building out a vSphere base installation and enabling your Cloud OS is the installation of ESX Hosts. In this section you are going to walk through the

installation of an ESX host. Remember the difference between an ESX and ESXi is that ESX hosts contain a built-in service console.

From the desktop select the item titled vSphere ESX Install; this will launch the walkthrough for the install. The manual will document the steps you would take to

perform the installation as if you were really doing it. However, because this is actually a PowerPoint slide show, you will need to use a mouse-click or the left arrow key

in order to advance within the slide show, and the right arrow key can be used to back up.

NOTE: if you click on the checkboxes and radio buttons in the slide show, you will advance to the next slide instead of activating the dialog box control!

Step 1: Boot from CD-ROM

Boot host server using ESX CD-ROM and run the installer.


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Select the Install ESX in graphical mode option.

Using a mouse is easiest. Options can be selected and navigation can be performed using any combination of keys or pointing device.

[ CLICK TO CONTINUE ]


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Step 2: Welcome to the ESX Installer


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Click [Next] to begin installation.


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Step 3: End User License Agreement


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Click the checkbox to "accept the agreement" and enable the [Next] button

Click [Next]


Step 4: Select Keyboard


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Select the appropriate keyboard type

Click [Next]


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Step 5: Custom Drivers


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If custom drivers are required for this system, selectYes. This will enable the custom driver management section.

Click [Add] and provide driver installation media to install the driver(s)

Click [Remove] to undo a custom driver install

Click [Next]


Step 6: Load Drivers


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Whether or not custom drivers were installed, required ESX system drivers must be loaded. Click [Yes] to load the system drivers



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Step 7: License

Enter a serial number for ESX now, or

Enter a serial number later (via vCenter). The system will run in evaluation mode for 60 days and this is the type of licensing we will use in the lab.


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Click [Next]


Task FourAdd shared storage

Select the Storage Adapters option in the Hardware box (upper-left corner of the Configuration window).

Select the iSCSI Software Adapter in the Storage Adapters box (upper-right portion of the Configuration window)

Click Properties... in the Details window for the iSCSI Software Adapter


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Click [Add...]


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S h B I ll


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Enter the Virtual Storage Server settings:

vPod iSCSI Storage Server

IP addressPort

172.16.4.2003260

Table 8. vPod Virtual Storage Server

Click [OK]

Verify that the Storage Server is in the Send Targets window


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S h B I t ll


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Select the Static Discovery tab

Verify that autodiscovery added iSCSI targets

Click [Close]

Click [Yes] to rescan the host adapters.

Select the Storage option in the Hardware box (upper-left corner of the Configuration window).

Verify the addition of the two new vmStorage LUNs.

Task FiveCreate a Host Profile

Click Home in the Client address bar


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S h B I t ll


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Click Host Profiles


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Click Create a Host Profile


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Select Create Profile from existing host

Click [Next]

In the right-hand pane, navigate to the ESX host you just added and configured and select it.

Click [Next]


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Name the profile HostProfileBase

Click [Next]

Review the summary

Click [Finish]


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The new Host Profile is now listed in the inventory of host profiles.

Task SixAdd a second ESX Host

Step 1: Add Host...

Select Hosts and Clusters view in the Client


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Right-click the VMworld2009Clusterobject and select Add Host...

Step 2: Specify Connection Settings


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Use the following credentials for the ESX host:

ESX Server Access

IP address/Name

User name

Password

esx2.vpod.local

root

vmware1!

Table 9. ESX2 Server Credentials

Click [Next]


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Click [Yes] for the Security Alert

Click [Next] to accept the Host Summary

Step 3: Assign an evaluation license

p

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Leave "Enable Lockdown Mode" unchecked

Click [Next]

Step 5: Add to the Cluster's Resource Pool and Finish

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Click [Next]

Click [Finish]

Now that you have a second host, take a moment to look at the network configuration for esx2.vpod.local, and notice that there is only one vSwitch (and one port

group) on this host. In lieu of walking through the network setup again for this host, we will attach and apply the host profile we created in Task Five to make short

work of the configuration.

Step 6: Attach Host Profile to Host

Select Home --> Host Profiles in the Client

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Click [Attach Host/Cluster]

Navigate to and select esx2.vpod.local in the left-hand pane

Click [Attach]

Click [OK]

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Step 7: Apply Profile to Host

Return to the Hosts and Clusters view in the Client

Right-click esx2.vpod.local

Select Enter Maintenance Mode

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Click [Yes]

Click [OK]

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While in maintenance mode, right click esx2.vpod.local and select Host Profile > Apply Profile...

Update the host-unique information for the profile

esx2.vpod.local Unique Information

VMotionAddress

Subnet Mask

172.16.15.70

255.255.255.0

iSCSIAddress

Subnet Mask

172.16.4.70

255.255.255.0

Table 10. ESX2 Network DetailsClick [Next] to accept the VMotion network settins and proceed to the iSCSI settings

Click [Next] to accept the iSCSI network settings and proceed to the summary screen

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Click [Finish] to apply the profile

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ESX2 after applying the Host Profile

Step 8: Add Shared Storage

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Unfortunately, reproduction of iSCSI storage configuration has not yet been implemented in Host Profiles. In order to complete the configuration, we will need to

duplicate the configuration steps in Task Four (Add Shared Storage) for our new host

Select the Storage Adapters option in the Hardware box (upper-left corner of the Configuration window).

Select the iSCSI Software Adapter in the Storage Adapters box (upper-right portion of the Configuration window)

Click Properties... in the Details window for the iSCSI Software Adapter

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Click [Configure] on the General tab

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Select the Enabled checkbox and select [OK]

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Watch the vCenter task viewer until the task moves from In Progress to Completed

The iSCSI Initiator Properties should now be updated

Select the Dynamic Discovery tab

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Click [Add...]

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Enter the Virtual Storage Server settings:

vPod iSCSI Storage Server

IP addressPort

172.16.4.2003260

Table 11. vPod Virtual Storage Server

Click [OK]

Verify that the Storage Server is in the Send Targets window

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Select the Static Discovery tab

Verify that autodiscovery added iSCSI targets

Click [Close]

Click [Yes] to rescan the host adapters.

Select the Storage option in the Hardware box (upper-left corner of the Configuration window).

Verify the addition of the two new vmStorage LUNs.

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Right-click esx2.vpod.local and select Exit Maintenance Mode

Task Seven - Register an existing Virtual Machine

Select Storage in the Hardware box of the Configuration tab for one of the ESX hosts in the cluster

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Right-click vmStorage1 and select Browse Datastore...

Select the BartPE folder in the left-hand pane

Right-click BartPE.vmx in the right-hand pane

Select Add to Inventory

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Name the new VM BartPE

Select the VMworld2009DC datacenter

Click [Next]

Select the VMworld2009Cluster

Click [Next]

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Review the summary

Click [Finish]

Close the Datastore Browser

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The new VM is now visible in the Hosts and Clusters view pane

CONCLUSION

Congratulations, you have just performed a base installation of vSphere 4! While the universe of options for configuring and tuning vSphere 4 is enormous, in this short

span of time you have readily performed the most important tasks:

You've walked through the installation of ESX, the hypervisor that is the standards-bearer for the industry.

You've installed the vSphere vCenter management server and client.

You've added ESX hosts to a new Datacenter and HA/DRS Cluster.

You've configured your ESX hosts for network and storage, permitting the use of some sophisticated VMware features like VMotion and HA/DRS.

You've successfully added a VM to your newly configured environment.

In completing these tasks, you've taken a handful of standalone machines and merged them into your own private cloud with the help of VMware vSphere 4, the

world's first Cloud OS!

Step 8a: Network ConfigurationNetwork Adapter

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Select the Network Adapter to be used for system tasks (service console)

Enter its VLAN ID (if required)

Click [Next]

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Step 8b: Network ConfigurationIP Settings

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Select the option to "Use the following network settings:" to disable DHCP

Use the following static network settings:

esx1 network settings

IP Address

Subnet Mask

Gateway Address

Primary DNS

Secondary DNS

Host name

172.16.5.60

255.255.255.0

172.16.5.1

172.16.5.10

left empty for lab

esx1.vpod.local

Table 1. Network settings for use in SPL14 lab.


Step 8c: Network ConfigurationNetwork Test

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Click [Test these settings] to validate your entries

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If problems are detected review the settings and repeat the test until successful

Click [OK] and [Next] to proceed


Step 9: Setup Type

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You may choose between two setup types, Standard and Advanced

"Standard" setup will automatically partition the boot disk for the ESX kernel and Service Console needs, leaving the majority of the unused space available as

a local VMFS3 datastore.

"Advanced" setup permits user customization of the storage partitions, including the local VMFS3 Datastore and Service Console Disk Image.

For this lab please select ()Standard setup and click [Next]


Step 10a: ESX Storage DeviceDevice Selection

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Select the appropriate storage device on which to install ESX

Click [Next]


Step 10b: ESX Storage DeviceDelete Device Contents Warning

WARNING: Installing ESX on the selected drive will require erasing its contents.

Click [OK] to proceed to erase this drive and install ESX, or

Click [Cancel] to select alternate storage


Step 11: Time and Date Settings

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Specify the correct time zone setting for the server.

Click [Next]

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Enter the ESX Host date and time manually, or

Specify the fully qualified domain name of an NTP Time Server and click [Synchronize] to automatically set the date and time.

Click [Next]

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Step 12: Set Administrator Password

Set the password for the root account

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A strong password is recommended such as one incorporating a combination of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers and/or symbols.

The password must be between 6 and 64 characters.

The root account password for the lab ESX hosts is "vmware1!"

Create additional service console accounts (if necessary)

Click [Next]

[ CLICK TO CONTINUE ]Step 13: Summary of installation settings

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Review installation settings

Click [Next] to begin installation if correct

Click [Back] to correct installation settings if required


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Using the settings selected during setup, installation begins and may take several minutes


Step 14: ESX 4.0 Installation Complete

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R b t t t l ti f i t ll ti R b t i t ll ti di b f b t if th d t t ti ll j t di



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Reboot system at completion of installation. Remember to remove installation media before reboot if the server does not automatically eject media.

Click [Finish] to exit the installer


Step 15: Finish

After rebooting the host, the service console banner screen will appear displaying the default ESX screen. Note the web address listed, http://172.16.5.60. You

could use this address to access the ESX host and download the vSphere Client for standalone server management.

Congratulations! You have stepped trough the basic install of an vSphere ESX host, which provides an essential building block to a WMware Cloud OS installation. As

noted in the introduction, two ESX hosts have been preinstalled with the vSphere ESX software for use in the configuration section of the lab. For reference purposes

please note the ESX names and IP address below.

Hosts IP Address

esx1.vpod.local

esx2.vpod.local

172.16.5.60

172.16.5.70


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Table 2. ESX Hostname and IP addresses.

Please continue to the next section.

PART TWO VCENTER INSTALL

VMware vSphere uses a central administration servervCenteras another essential building block to the Cloud OS. vCenter handles a wealth of administration tasks for

vSphere, and has an extensible, "pluggable" architecture that can be leveraged by other VMware products as well as third-party products. vCenter is also the

"intelligence center" for a Cloud OS, and is the source of various automated management decisions (such as scheduling DRS migrations) as well as the repository for

performance data for the virtualization environment.

vCenter is a traditional client/server architecture, consisting of a Server component that uses Microsoft SQL Server as a data storage facility, as well as a Client

component that can be run on the same machine as the server component(s) or a remote server. The architecture of vCenter makes it possible for the Client to be

running on a subnet with no communication to the subnet(s) that the managed ESX hosts use.

In Part Two of the lab, you will install vCenter Server on a prepared server host, followed by the vCenter Client.

Task OneInstall vCenter Server

Step 1: Locate the Installation Files

Locate and open the folder "VMware VIM Installation" on the desktop

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Double Click autorun.exe

Step 2: Launch the vCenter Server Installer

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Select vCenter Serverfrom the installer menu

Step 3: Choose Setup Language

Choose the correct Setup Language

Click [OK] to begin the installation

Step 4: Welcome to the Installation Wizard for VMware vCenter Server

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Click [Next] to begin the installation

Step 5: License Agreement

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Review the VMware Master End User License Agreement

Select the I agree... option to enable the Next button

Click [Next]

Step 6: Customer Information and License Key

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Enter the appropriate Customer Information (User Name and Organization)

Leave the License key field blank; the lab will operate in evaluation mode.

Click [Next]

Step 7: Database Options

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Select Use an existing supported database

Select vCenter (MS SQL) from the Data Source Name (DSN) dropdown. This DSN was created by the Lab staff while installing vCenter Server prerequisites,

and is pointing to a Microsoft SQL Server Express Edition installed on the Windows 2003 server.

Click [Next]

Step 8: Database Options

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Leave Database Username and Password blank; the DSN specifies "trusted user access" , which is equivalent to "Windows NT authentication"

Click [Next]

Step 9: vCenter Service

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Retain the default service account for the vCenter Service (Use SYSTEM Account)

Click [Next]

Step 10: Destination Folder

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Retain the default destination (C:\Program Files\VMware\Infrastructure\)

Click [Next]

Step 11: vCenter Linked Mode Options

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Retain the default for the Linked Mode option (Create a standalone VMware vCenter Server instance)

Click [Next]

Step 12: Configure Ports

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Retain the default network ports for vCenter Server

vCenter Server Ports

HTTPS

HTTP

Heartbeat (UDP)

Web Services HTTP

Web Services HTTPSLDAP

SSL

443

80

902

8080

8443389

636

Table 3. Default port assignments for vCenter Server.

Click [Next]

Step 13: Ready to Install the Program

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Click [Install] to begin the installation.

Step 14: Installation Completed

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When the installation has completed, click [Finish]

Leave the VMware vCenter Installer active

Proceed to the next section

Task TwoInstall vSphere ClientStep 1: Launch the vCenter Client Installer

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Select vSphere Client from the installer menu

Step 2: Choose Setup Language

Choose the correct Setup Language

Click [OK] to begin the installation

Step 3: Welcome to the installation wizard for VMware vSphere Client 4.0

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Click [Next] to begin the installation

Step 4: License Agreement

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Review the VMware Master End User License Agreement

Select the I agree... option to enable the Next button

Click [Next]

Step 5: Customer Information

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Enter the appropriate Customer Information (User Name and Organization)

Click [Next]

Step 6: Custom Setup

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Do not enable the option to Install the vSphere Host Update Utility 4.0; Host Update is beyond the scope of the lab.

Click [Next]

Step 7: Destination Folder

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Retain the default destination location (C:\Program Files\VMware\Infrastructure\)

Click [Next]

Step 8: Ready to Install the Program

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Click [Finish]

Step 10: Verify your installation by Connecting

Locate the VMware vSphere Client icon on the desktop

Double-click the icon

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Logon to your new vCenter Server, making note of the access credentials in Table 4 for future reference:

vCenter Server Access

IP address/Name

User name

Password

vcenter.vpod.local

administrator

vmware1!

Table 4. vCenter Server Credentials

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Check the Install this certificate... option to suppress the warning for future connections by this machine

Click [Ignore]

Remain in the client and proceed to Part Three.

PART THREE CONFIGURATION

Everything in the lab that preceeded this section was necessary ground work to create your private cloud; now the real meat of the lab begins: assembling the pieces

into something that is more than the sum of its parts. In completing this part, you'll step through some basic required settings for an ESX host to participate effectively

in a cluster, as well as utilize the power of a new vSphere facility called "Host Profiles" to quickly reproduce the same settings on a second host. Finally, you'll add an

existing VM from disk to your cluster.

Task OneAdd a Datacenter and a DRS/HA-enabled ClusterStep 1: Add a Datacenter

Right click the VSERVER and select New Datcenter

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Enter the name VMworld2009DC for the newly created datacenter.

Step 2: Add a Cluster

Right click on the newly created datacenter and select New Cluster...

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Enter VMworld2009Clusterfor the cluster name

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Enable Cluster Features

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Turn On VMware HA

Turn On VMware DRS



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Turn On VMware DRS

Click [Next]

Continue retaining defaults and clicking [Next] until the new cluster is ready to complete.

Click [Finish]

Task TwoAdd an ESX Host

Step 1: Add Host...

Right-click on your new cluster and select Add Host... from the popup menu

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Step 2: Specify Connection Settings

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Use the following connection details for the ESX host:

ESX Server Access

IP address/Name

User name

Password

esx1.vpod.local

root

vmware1!

Table 5. ESX1 Server Credentials

Click [Next]

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Click [Yes] for the Security Alert

Click [Next] to accept the Host Summary

Step 3: Assign an evaluation license

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Click [Next]

Step 4: Disable "Lockdown Mode"

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Leave "Enable Lockdown Mode" unchecked

Click [Next]

Step 5: Add to the Cluster's Resource Pool and Finish

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Click [Next]

Click [Finish]

Task ThreeAdd Networking

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Best Practices have been written for the creation of virtual networks in the VMware environments. Due to time and hardware constraints for this lab, we are not going

to walk through the creation of fully-redundant networks or networks using VLAN tagging; however, we are going to build out separate networks for each of the primary

network types used in ESX:



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network types used in ESX:

the Service Console/management network

VMotion dedicated network

iSCSI dedicated network

Dedicated network for use by Virtual Machines

Step 1: Add the Virtual Machine network.

Select esx1.vpod.local in the left-hand window

Select the Configuration tab in the right-hand window

Select the Networking option in the Hardware box (upper-left corner of the Configuration window).

Select Add Networking... in the upper-right corner of the Configuration/Networking window

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Select Virtual Machine for the Connection TypeClick [Next]

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Create the virtual switch using only vmnic1

Click [Next]

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Retain the default label ofVirtual Machine Network

Click [Next]

Review your work, and click [Finish] if the network setup is correct.

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ESX Network after adding the Virtual Machine Network

Step 2: Add the VMotion network.

Select Add Networking...

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Select VMkernel as the Connection Type

Click [Next]

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Create the new virtual switch using only vmnic2

Click [Next]

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Change the Network Label to VMotion

Enable the Use this port group for VMotion option

Click [Next]

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Manually configure the VMotion adapter settings:

esx1 VMotion network settings

IP address

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

172.16.15.60

255.255.255.0

172.16.5.20 (default)

Table 6. esx1 VMotion network

Click [Next]

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ESX Network after adding the VMotion Network

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Step 3: Add the Storage network.

Select Add Networking...



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Select VMkernel for the Connection Type

Click [Next]

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Create a new virtual switch using only vmnic3

Click [Next]

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Change the Network Label to iSCSIStorage

Click [Next]

Manually configure the storage adapter settings:

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esx1 Storage network settings

IP address

Subnet Mask

172.16.4.60

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Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

255.255.255.0

leave blank

Table 7. esx1 Storage network

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ESX1 after configuring all networks

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vsphere base install

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