vu rendering ss 2015 186 - institut für computergraphik ... · topics. rendering theory basic...

VU Rendering SS 2015186.101

Thomas AuzingerKároly Zsolnai

Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms (E186)Vienna University of Technology

http://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/staff/ThomasAuzinger.htmlhttp://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/staff/KarolyZsolnai.html

http://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/staff/ThomasAuzinger.html

http://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/staff/KarolyZsolnai.html

Unit 01 – IntroductionVU Rendering SS 2015

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Overview

OrganizationTopicsDefinitionHistory and ContextLecture ScopeBasic Optics

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Course Organization

HomepageTISS: https://tiss.tuwien.ac.at/course/courseList.xhtml

(search for ‘Rendering’)Institute: http://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/courses/Rendering

Registration in TISS (until 24.3.)Lecture dates of SS 2015: 11.3., 18.3., …(all further announced at least a week before)13:30 – 15:00, Seminar room 186

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https://tiss.tuwien.ac.at/course/courseList.xhtml

http://www.cg.tuwien.ac.at/courses/Rendering

Course Organization

NotesLecture slides on the homepage after each lectureAdditional literature on the homepageGrading

AssignmentsHands-on exercises with rendering programs and mathematical problemsFinal oral examAbout the course material and the assignments

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Course Organization

LiteraturePhysically Based Rendering, Second EditionM.Pharr and G. Humphreys

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Course Organization

LiteratureMore literature and references to scientific papers on the homepage

Any questions?

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Topics

Rendering theoryBasic optics, rendering equation, filteringRendering algorithmsRay tracing, radiosity, (bi-directional) path tracing, Metropolis light transport, precomputed radiance transfer, (stochastic progressive) photon mapping, irradiance cachingAcceleration techniquesSpatial hierarchies, sampling strategiesSurface representationsBRDF models: Phong, Oren-Nayar, Cook-Torrance

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Topics

Participating media(Subsurface) Scattering, volumetric photon mapping, photon beamsHigher dimensional effectsMotion blur, depth of fieldCamera modelsPost processingHDR, tone mapping

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Definition

Rendering [ren-der-ing]:The process of generating an image from a model, by

means of a computer program.

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Definition



Teglverksgata 2, Google StreetView Teglverksgata 2, P. Guthries

d

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Definition



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Definition



image + model – comp: painting, photography

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Definition



image + model – comp: painting, photographymodel + comp – image: 3D printing, sound rendering

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Definition



image + model – comp: painting, photographymodel + comp – image: 3D printing, sound renderingimage + comp – model: abstract graphics

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Definition




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History and Context

PrehistoricCave Paintings (~30 000 BC)

Chauvet-Pont-d’Arc, France (from http://donsmaps.com/chauvetcave.html)17

History and Context

AntiquityRoman Art (~100 BC)

Alexander mosaic, Popeii18

History and Context

Middle AgesBook Illustration (~1165)

Book print from the gospel book of Kruszwica, Helmarshausen Abbey19

History and Context

Renaissance(Re)discovery of Perspective

Filippo Brunelleschi (early 15th century)20

History and Context

Renaissance

Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528) Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)21

History and Context

RomanticismDaguerreotype (1838)

Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre (1787 - 1851)22

History and Context

Modern PaintingImpressionism

Water Lilies - Claude Monet (1840 - 1926)23

History and Context

Modern PaintingCubism

Three Musicians - Pablo Picasso (1881 - 1973)24

History and Context

Modern PaintingAction Painting

Autumn Rhythm - Jackson Pollock (1912 - 1956)25

History and Context

Postmodern PaintingHyperrealism

Hot Day III - Pedro Campos (1966 - )26

History and Context

PhotographyDigital Photography

Exploded view of a digital single-lens reflex camera27

History and Context

PhotographyComputational Photography

Ng R., Fourier Slice Photography, in SIGGRAPH 200528

Definition




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History and Context

Alternative Output3D Printing

CNN30

History and Context

Alternative OutputSound

Zheng C., James D.L., Harmonic Fluids, in SIGGRAPH 200931

Lecture Scope



Model Rendering Image Display

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Lecture Scope



3D Scene Rendering Image Display

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Lecture Scope



3D Scene

Light Simulation

Image Display

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Lecture Scope



3D Scene

Light Simulation

2D Raster Image Display

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Lecture Scope



3D Scene

Light Simulation

2D Raster Image

2D Display

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Lecture Scope

ApplicationsGames/SimulatorsInteractive Modeling/DesignAugmented/Virtual Reality/TelepresenceMovies/VFXE-CommerceArchitectureIndustrial Design

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Lecture Scope


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Lecture Scope


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Lecture Scope

ImmersionInteractive/realtime performance paramountRealism a secondary goal or not desiredDominated by rasterizationRay-based rendering is coming but not there yet

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Lecture Scope

Skyrim, (from http://www.flickr.com/javiercc)41

Lecture Scope

Joint Terminal Attack Controller Virtual Trainer Dome, (from http://gizmodo.com/315435)42

Lecture Scope


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Lecture Scope

Believable RealismArtistic expression paramountRealism a secondary goal or not desiredRenderMan, Maya, 3DMax, …

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Lecture Scope

Brave, Pixar45

Lecture Scope

Gravity, Warner Bros. Pictures46

Lecture Scope


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Lecture Scope

PredictionPhysically correct result paramountRealism the primary goalConstrained to physically possible scenesRadiance, Brazil, Maxwell, …

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Lecture Scope

Kitchen, Taller Arquitectura Virtual49

Lecture Scope

Gemstone, GT Jewelry Design50

Lecture Scope

Ocean Rocker, Toni Fresnedo (design Jolyon Yates)51

Lecture Scope


VO/UE Computer GraphicsVU Realtime Graphics

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Lecture Scope


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Lecture Scope

3D Scene

Light Simulation

2D Raster Image

2D Display

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Basic Optics

Light

3D Scene

Light Simulation

2D Raster Image

2D Display

Spectrum of electromagnetic radiation (from wikipedia)55

Basic Optics

Quantum Electrodynamics

Light Simulation

Feynman diagrams of compton scattering56

Basic Optics

Classical Electrodynamics

Light Simulation

Electromagnetic wave57

Basic Optics

Physical Optics

Light Simulation

Diffraction and interference at a double-slit (© McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.)58

Basic Optics

Geometrical Optics

Light Simulation

Ray tracing for a lens (from wikipedia)59

Basic Optics

RadiometryMeasurements of light distribution in space and time

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Basic Optics

RadiometryMeasurements of light distribution in space and time

Radiant energy Energy of the light

Radiant flux / radiant powerEnergy per unit of time

Phyical unit

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Basic Optics

Flux too unspecific as it contains no spatial or directional information on the light distribution.

We introduce these quantities in the following slides and start with a directional description of flux (i.e. in which direction is more less flux).

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Basic Optics

Radiant IntensityEmanated flux per solid angle of a point source

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Basic Optics

Radiant IntensityEmanated flux per solid angle of a point source

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Basic Optics

Radiant Intensity

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Basic Optics

Radiant Intensity

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Basic Optics

Radiant IntensityIsotropic point source

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Basic Optics

Radiant IntensityIsotropic point source

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Basic Optics

We also want to describe the spatial distribution of flux on surfaces (i.e. at which location on the surface is more or less flux arriving or departing).

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Basic Optics

IrradianceFlux per unit area incident on a

surface

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Basic Optics


surface

Radiant exitanceFlux per unit area emitted from a

surface

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Basic Optics


surface

Radiant exitanceFlux per unit area emitted from a

surface

RadiosityFlux per unit area emitted +

reflected from a surface

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Basic Optics

The fundamental description of light in the context of ractracing is both a spatial and directional quantitiy (i.e. at which location on a surface and to which direction more or less flux is emitted).

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Basic Optics

RadianceFlux per unit area per solid angle per projected unit

area

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Basic Optics

RadianceFlux per unit area per solid angle per projected unit

area

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Basic Optics

RadianceUniform diffuse area source (with radius )

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Basic Optics

Spectral quantitiesRadiometric quantity per wavelength

e.g. spectral radiance

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Basic Optics

PhotometryMeasurements of perceived brightness of light

distribution in space and time

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Basic Optics

PhotometryMeasurements of perceived brightness of light

distribution in space and time

Spectral eye sensitivity

Schubert E., Light-Emitting Diodes, ISBN 978052186538879

Basic Optics

ConversionMultiplication with eye sensitivity function for each

wavelength

e.g. radiance luminance

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Basic Optics

Radiometry / Photometry

Radiometricquantity Symbol Unit Photometric

quantity Symbol Unit

Radiant energy [J] joule Luminous energy [lm s] talbot

Radiant flux [W] watt Luminous flux [lm] lumen

Radiant intensity [W sr-1] Luminous intensity [cd] candela

Radiance [W sr-1 m-1] Luminance [cd m-2] nit

Irradiance [W m-2] Illuminance [lx] lux

Radiant exitance [W m-2] Luminous emittance [lx]

Radiosity [W m-2] Luminosity [lx]

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Assignment 0

RadiometryAssuming the sun as a point light source with a total radiant flux of

3.86x1026 Watt, what is the Irradiance outside the atmosphere of Mars at the equator?

Assuming a perfect solar collector stationed outside the atmosphere (that transforms all incoming light into electricity), how much area does it need to cover to replace the world’s largest nuclear power plant (Kashiwazaki-Kariwa, Japan, 8212MW)?

Hints: Consult http://candela.stanford.edu/lectures/09_radiometry/radiometry_slides.pdf Consult PBRT 5.5.3 The final answer is ~13.5km2

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http://candela.stanford.edu/lectures/09_radiometry/radiometry_slides.pdf

Assignment 0

How to submit via emailThe result has to be sent to BOTH of us in an email. Either as text in

the email or as an attachment to it.

The format of both the email SUBJECT and the attachment FILENAME has to be as follows:

[Rendering_SS2015_($assignment_number)]_($your_matriculation_number),($your_name)

e.g. [Rendering_SS2015_0]_0123456,John Doe

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Assignment 0

Deadline24.03.2015 23:59

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Teaser

Next lecture18.03.2015 13:30-15:00

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