w+ program proposal
TRANSCRIPT
W+™ProgramProposal
EnsuringBenefitstoWomen
WOCANApril2014
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W+™ProgramProposal
TableofContents Page
WOCANandtheW+Standard™:EnsuringBenefitstoWomen
ThisisWOCAN 2
TheIssueandtheResponse 3
LeveragingtheGlobalCarbonMarketExperience 4
W+PerformanceMeasures 5
TheWomanEffect:FundingWomen’sEmpowerment 6
TheDemandforW+Units 7
W+Standard™:GovernanceandOperationalDesign 8
CashFlowofaW+UnitTransaction 9
FlowofFundsinaW+UnitTransaction 10
ImplementationFramework 11
W+Team 12
W+CapacityFund 13‐14
WorkflowofW+CapacityFund 15
WOCANW+Standard™andProgram 16
Time 17
IncomeandAssets 18
EducationandKnowledge 19
Health 20
FoodSecurity 21
Leadership 22
Pipelineof10SampleProjectsforW+Standard 23
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WOCANandtheW+Standard:EnsuringBenefitstoWomen
ThisisWOCAN:
• WomenOrganizingforChangeinAgricultureandNaturalResourceManagement‐Awomen‐ledUS‐registeredNGOfoundedin2004
• Globalmembershipnetworkof1000womenandmenin100countries
• SupportedbydiversedonorswithcoresupportfromNorway
• Focusingon:
– women’sleadership
– capacitybuildingforgenderequalitywithinagricultureandenvironmentorganizations
• NEWW+programexpandsuponwomen’sempowermentthroughaResultsBasedApproachto:
– increasebenefitsandimpactsforwomenandtheirgroups
– buildcapacitiesoforganizationstodeliverthesebenefits
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TheIssueandtheResponse
Thereisaresponse:Governments,developmentagencies,corporationsand
investorsareincreasinglyfundingwomen’sempowerment/genderequality,
basedonwomen’srightsandempiricalevidenceofimprovedprojectoutcomes.
TheW+StandardEnablesaResponse–
TheW+™isauniquecertificationlabelforW+Units;quantified,verifiedsocial/economic/environmentalbenefits,createdthrough:
‐Renewableenergytechnologies
‐Timeandlaborsavingdevices
‐Forestandagricultureactivities
- Employmentopportunities
- Communitydevelopmentprograms
TheW+™ quantifiesandverifiesbenefitstowomenin6domains:
Time Income&AssetsHealth Education&KnowledgeLeadership FoodSecurity
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LeveragingtheGlobalCarbonMarketExperience
Using a Successful Model –Voluntary Carbon Markets
W+ Standard Units and a Social Capital Market
The carbon market rewards investors and project developers producing “environmental capital”.
A market for economic, social and environmental benefits producing “social capital” valuing women’s contributions.
Carbon emission reductions benefit the global climate.
Growth of women’s empowerment enables virtuous cycles of social, economic and environmental improvements for women, households and communities.
A “voluntary” market for carbon reductions (offsets) provides incentive and compensation to encourage reduction activities.
A voluntary market for social capital provides incentives and compensation to encourage women’s empowerment activities.
Carbon markets require rigorous quantification and verification of emissions reductions claims
A social capital market created through the W+ Standard will use rigorous quantification and verification of women’s empowerment claims.
A voluntary carbon market enables organizations to address their climate impacts with credibility.
The voluntary social capital market created through the W+ Standard enables corporations and organizations to implement their Corporate Social Responsibility and development goals with credibility.
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W+PerformanceMeasuresDomain
Example
Outcome Example Indicator Example Activity Example Measure
Income
and Assets
Increased
community
funds under
women’s
control.
Increase in Assets
(land, trees,
equipment, and
livestock).
Support development of
women’s savings and
loan initiatives (ex.
through seed funds).
Bank accounts in
women’s name.
Time Improved
well‐being
and
increased
productivity.
Increased
discretionary time.
Increased sharing of
women’s work.
Provision of time saving
technologies and tools.
Numbers of hours/day
saved from fuel wood
collection and spent on
other activities.
Education
and
Knowledge
Increased
knowledge
and skills.
Increased access to
literacy/numeracy,
business skills, and
agriculture and health
skills.
Classes or training and
site visits to see
successful activities of
others.
Records of classes,
certificates of completion,
attendees list, etc.
Leadership Increased
decision
making roles
for women.
Increased
representation in
governance bodies.
Establish quotas for
representation of women
in governance bodies.
Number of women
members, and women’s
groups.
Food
Security
Increased
food security
(decrease
under and
malnutrition).
Decrease in period of
Food insecurity
(determined locally).
Provision of technical
inputs (including seeds,
tools, storage bins,
irrigation, etc.).
Amount of food in
storage; amount of food
purchased from daily
wage payments.
Health Improved
health.
Improved air, water
quality.
Installation of improved
services (e.g. cook
stoves, methane
digesters).
Change in indoor air
quality.
Change in GI diseases.
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TheWomanEffect:FundingWomen’sEmpowerment
Governments,developmentagencies,corporationsandinvestorsareincreasinglyfundingwomen’sempowerment/genderequality,basedonhumanrightsforwomenandevidenceofimprovedprojectoutcomes.
However,whatislackingformanyisarobustmeansofmeasuringtheseoutcomesinawaythatcanbesimplycommunicated.
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TheDemandforW+Units
W+™promotesdemandforW+unitsinthecontextofoverseasdevelopmentassistance(ODA)budgets,UnitedNationsMillenniumDevelopment&post2015SustainabilityDevelopmentGoals,gender‐relatedCSRcommitmentsand“women‐branding”:
• GlobalODAearmarkedforgenderactivitiesisUSD$20billion
• 168globalcompanieshavesetgenderorwomen‐specificCSRtargets
• 85%ofconsumer/householddecisionsinEuropeandUSaremadebywomen
• Increasingnumbersofwomenimpactinvestorswhowishtoinvestinwomen’sandsocialcauses
W+unitshaveahighemotionalappeal;neednoexplanation.Initialfocusgroupresultssuggestsubstantialwillingnesstopay
W+unitshavethepotentialtoberecognizedinsustainability(andmaybeonedayfinancial)accounting.
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W+Standard:GovernanceandOperationalDesign
W+StandardCommittee:
Definesproceduresandrequirementsformethods,units,accreditationofverificationentities,andresolvecomplaints,disputesandappeals
W+AdvisoryCouncil:
Providesobjectiveinputonstrategy,marketingandconnectionstonetworks
W+Developers:
Applymethodsanddriveissuanceofunits,includingverification
OperateusingW+Standardrulesandprocedures,verificationbyW+Standardaccreditedentities
W+UnitIntermediaries:
Builddemand,transferandsellunitsusingW+approvedregistries
W+Beneficiaries:
Eligiblebeneficiaries,identifiedinW+projectdesigndocument
W+BeneficiaryPaymentAggregator:
ManagepaymentstoW+beneficiaries,
IdentifiedbyW+developer,accordingtoW+rules,validatedbyaccreditedverificationentities
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CashFlowofaW+UnitTransaction
Unit development cost (PDD, MR, issuance support)
Verification cost
Issuance cost
Transfer cost
Trading margin reseller
Payment by final buyer
Cost recovery & margin unit developer
W+ beneficiary payment
Payment to project owner
W+Standardrequiresthatasubstantial%ofW+unitrevenuesarepaiddirectlytobeneficiaries.Onlyafterpaymentismade(toWOCAN)canW+unitsbetransferredtotheaccountofthebuyer.DeliveryofpaymentispartofW+MRVprocess(appliedinthefollowingverificationperiod).Atfirstverification,thesuitabilityofthepaymentmechanismisvalidated.
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FlowofFundsinaW+UnitTransaction
B B B B
Resellers
W+ Unit developers
WOCAN (or authorized
body)
Project-level W+™ payment
aggregator
Project developer
Beneficiaries
BuyerspurchaseW+UnitsfromresellersResellerspurchase/brokerW+UnitsfromW+developersW+™developerstransferW+™beneficiarypaymenttoWOCANuponwhichW+unitsaretransferredtobuyer.WOCAN(orauthorized)transferW+™beneficiarypaymenttoW+™paymentaggregator(designatedbyW+™developerinaccordancewithW+Standardrules(re:professionalcapacity)W+™paymentaggregatormakespaymentstobeneficiariesinaccordancewithW+™projectdesigndocumentPaymentdeliveryisverifiedbyverificationentityincontextofthefollowingverificationperiodBeneficiariescanuseW+™paymenttofinanceadditionalprojectsorothercommunityfinancingneeds
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ImplementationFramework
Outcome Activities Outputs Impacts Inputs
Build Demand for W+ Units
W+ Standard as fulfillment instrument for donor and CSR targets.
Develop metrics for women’s empowerment target setting & accounting (compatible with W+ units); work with PWC (TIMM), Hilton Group. Identify women investors/corporate leaders, draft term sheet and obtain support pledges (pooled into W+ Capacity Fund).
W+ Standard for target setting and achievement reporting W+ Capacity Fund and procurement contracts in place.
Entities use W+ Standard to define CSR targets and buy W+ units to reach them. Revenue from fees and delivered W+ units.
WOCAN to provide paid advisory and metric development activities. 50 k USD of contracted work Resources to conduct road‐show. 250 k USD loan, repaid via fund management fees. Management Fees finance operation.
W+™ women’s empowerment branding.
Create demand as developers conceive client‐driven W+ brand products.
Women Power, W+™ spa in hotels W+™ branding for cosmetics and hair/skin care products.
W+™ co‐branded products, revenues from W+ unit delivery.
Developed by 3rd. parties on
basis of client fees, venture capital.
W+ Capacity Fund as procurement vehicle.
Propose use of W+ Standard for Results Based Framework of women’s empowerment to agencies/companies.
Management ofW+™ procurement contracts with project developers.
Increase supply of W+ Units, fee revenues.
Resources for pitching. Cost recovery via market development funds/management fees.
Assurance in the credibility of W+™
Create Standard Committee, review standard documents, and approve methods and tools.
Operating Standard Committee guidance and method documents.
W+ is fully operational, based on revenues from issuance fees.
Resources funded by seed funding grants, issuance fees, founder loans (repay from fees).
Supply of W+ Units
W+ Unit origination from flagship pilots plus other projects.
Issued Units Revenues from delivered Units.
Resources for origination. Financed via benefit‐sharing and market development grants $50‐$80k USD/project.
Funding for market‐development
Seek funding to support W+™ market development activities as grants or pre‐payments.
Grant support, procurement contracts with pre‐payments.
Revenues for market‐and project development.
Resources for pitching.
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TheW+™Team*
JeannetteGurung TeamLeader
LeeWest MarketDevelopmentandFinancing
MargaretBruce W+MarketDevelopmentandAdministration
AnninaLubbock MethodologiesDevelopment
BarunGurung MethodologiesDevelopment
NishaOnta Communications
DibyaGurung NepalpilotProjectCoordinator
SikhalazoDube SouthernAfricapilotProjectCoordinator
PartnersandEarlySupporters:
SouthPoleGroup
IngoPuhl MethodologiesandMarketDevelopment
Biosfoundathttp://wplus.org/about/team
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TheW+™CapacityFund
SummaryoftheWOCANW+™(Woman’sEmpowerment)CapacityFund
Name W+CapacityFund,aprogramofWOCAN
LegalEntity WOCAN(WomenOrganizingforChangeInAgriculture&NaturalResourceManagement),registeredinNewYorkandWashington,D.C.
NonprofitStatus
WOCANisaregisteredUS‐based501(c)3nonprofitwiththeIRS(12/2004)
Governance W+AdvisoryCouncil,StandardCommitteeandInvestmentCommitteegovernW+™andW+Standard.
LifeofFund 4years
Objective TheobjectiveoftheCapacityFundistobuildbroadexternalandinternalinstitutionalcapacityandprivatesectorprocurementdemandforW+UnitsthroughdevelopmentprojectsdemonstratingtheviabilityoftheW+™asmeanstoempowerwomenindevelopingcountriesandservetheCorporateSocialResponsibilityinterestsofW+Unitbuyers.TheCapacityFundachievesthisobjectivebypoolingcontributions(financialcommitments)ofparticipantstoforward‐purchaseW+Unitsfromeligibleprojectswhichintegrateandmeasurewomen’sempowermentandparticipationinsixdomains:Time,Income&Assets,Health,Leadership,Education&KnowledgeandFoodSecurity.W+Unitswillbeissuedfromthoseprojectsthatcanbeverifiedtohaveincludedwomen’sempowerment‐relatedelements,quantifyingandassigningafinancialvaluetothem.
FundManagement
TheFundManagementteamconsistsofexpertswithstrongfinancialbackgroundsinthestructuringoffundvehicles(HFS‐HedgeFundServices),procurementofcarboncredits(SouthPoleCarbonAssetManagement)andwomen’sempowerment/genderexperts(WOCAN).Theinvolvedentitiesoperatealargenetworkofon‐the‐groundstaff(indevelopingcountries)toobtainriskmanagement,auditing,andothersupportingservicesasneeded.
AdvisoryCouncilandStandardCommitteeMembers
EdwinAalders*,DevelopmentManager,DetNorskeVeritas(DNV),NorwayLizAllen*,SocialAuditorsNetwork,U.K.DavidAntonioli,ExecutiveDirector,VerifiedCarbonStandard(VCS),USALeslieDurshinger,ManagingDirector,TerraGlobalCapital,USASarahHobson,ExecutiveDirector,NewFieldFoundation,USASylviaLow,CorporateResponsibilityAsiaPacific,HiltonWorldwideWanguMutua,DeputyProgramDirector,ViAgroforestryProject,KenyaEijaPehu,ProjectLeader,GenderinAgricultureProgram,WorldBankIngoPuhl,Partner,SouthPoleCarbonAssetMngt.,SwitzerlandandThailandAlysonSlater,CSRAsia,SeniorAssociate,HongKong,ChinaLeeWest,WOCANBoardofDirectors,DefensivePortfolioMngt.,USAKevinWhitfield,HeadofAfricanTreasuries,NEDBankCapital,S.AfricaTBD*,PriceWaterhouseCoopers,U.K.andThailand
*MembersoftheStandardCommittee,whichisasub‐committeeoftheAdvisoryCouncil.Biosfoundathttp://wplus.org/advisory‐council
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ProcurementStrategy
TheFundManagersolicitsandevaluatesproposalsfrominterestedprojectdeveloperstooriginateasupplyofW+Units.TheFundManager,withtheW+™programteamandAdvisoryCouncil,evaluateseligibilityofprojectstomeetW+™criteria,assessesnon‐delivery/defaultrisksandsubmitstotheInvestmentCommitteeaportfolioofprocurementoptionsandindicativeprocurementterms.
CapacityFundReturnsandBenefits
TheCapacityFundwill distributeW+Units,onceissued,andatleastannuallythereafter,toallparticipantsproratainaccordancewiththeirpaidincontributions.Contributorswillreceiveadditionalbenefitsbasedontheircontributionlevels(Bronze,SilverorGold).
EligibleProjects
EligibleprojectsmustmeettherequirementsoftheW+StandardandanyadditionalcriteriaformulatedintheFund’sprocurementstrategy.
ProcurementCriteria
AllprocurementdecisionsoftheFundaremadeinaccordancewiththerulesoftheW+StandardandtheProcurementStrategyoftheFund,whichisnegotiated,agreedandupdatedfromtimetotime,bytheInvestmentCommitteeandtheAdvisoryCouncil.TheFundManagerwillsolicitprocurementproposalsinaccordancewiththeProcurementCriteria(i.e.inrelationtotargetedcountries,projecttypes,etc.).
InvestmentCommittee
TheInvestmentCommitteeconsistsofthoseparticipantsthathavecontributedatotalofUSD$1million,ormore.TheInvestmentCommitteemeetsfourtimesperyear.
StakeholderConsultation
TheFundManagerwillconductanopen,publicized,internationalstakeholderconsultationthatprovidesanopportunityforallinterestedstakeholderstocommentontheCapacityFund’sProcurementStrategy.
ParticipantsCommittee
TheParticipantsCommitteeincludestheFundManagerandallFundParticipants.TheCommitteeconvenesannually(remoteparticipationispossible)asaclosedsideeventofaglobalconferenceonsocialinvestingorothereventswithsubstantialwomen’sempowermentagenda.TheFundManagerreportsthestatusandprogressoftheFund.
RegistryandPublicListingofW+Units™
ItisanticipatedthatW+Unitswillbe: Validatedbyaleadingthirdpartyverifier Custodiedwithinaninternationallyrecognizedregistry Listedandtradableonaninternationalcommodityexchange
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Work‐flowoftheCapacityFund
Activities ResourcesandResultsLaunch ProcurementCriteriadefined.Formationofallfunctional
bodiesthatgoverntheFundandoperatetheW+™program.
Procurementtendering
Fundissuestenderdocuments(approvedbyAdvisoryCouncil).
Informationeventsintargetcountries,ortargetedvenues
Fundconductsoutreach/informationalmeetingsintargetedcountries,identifiespotentialpartners,projectdevelopersandstakeholders.
Pre‐screeningofsubmissions
Fundprovidesfeedback,Q&Atotender,receivesandpre‐screenssubmissions.
Submissionofpositivepre‐screenedprojects&initialprojectselection
FundsubmitsalistofcandidateprojectsforfurtherconsiderationbytheInvestmentCommittee.
W+Standardpre‐screening
CandidateprojectsareinvitedtopreparePINandsubmittoW+Standardpre‐screening(aUSD$500pre‐screeningfeeshallapply).
W+Unitpurchasecontractnegotiation
FundnegotiateskeytermsofW+™ purchasecontractwithprojectdeveloper(onthebasisofguidancegivenviaprocurementcriteria).
Supportdevelopmentofpre‐screenedprojects
Accepted/contractedprojectsreceivefirsttrancheofW+™developmentpaymenttopreparefullPDDandrequestW+™registration(iftheprojectfailstoregisterthefirsttranchedevelopmentpaymentislost).ProjectdevelopercannominateW+Unitdevelopertoprovidethisserviceforthem.
Projectoperationandfirstissuance
Followingsuccessfulregistration,theprojectdeveloperreceivesthesecondtrancheofthedevelopmentpayment.W+Unit(project)developersubmitsmonitoringreporttoaccreditedverificationentitywhichsendsissuancerequesttoW+™StandardCommittee.
TransferofW+Units W+™Standard organization (withinWOCAN)issuesW+UnitsandtransfersthecontractedvolumetotheFund.TheCapacityFunddistributesissuedW+Unitsatleastannually.Unitswillbeeligibleforcustodybyaregistryandlistingonaninternationalcommodityexchange.
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TheWOCANW+StandardandProgram
Toacceleratewomen’sempowerment,WOCAN1hascreatedW+:theworld’sfirststandardtomeasurepositiveimpactstowomen’ssocialandeconomicempowermentfromprojectssuchasclimatechangemitigationandinternationaldevelopmentprograms.TheW+Standardcreatessharedsocialvalue2insixdomains:Time,Health,Education&Knowledge,FoodSecurity,Income&AssetsandLeadership.Whenincorporatedintoprojectdesignandexecution,theW+™providesmeasurable,verifiableadditionalsocialbenefits,resultinginmarketable“W+Units”forsaletocorporateorinstitutionalbuyersinterestedinrobustmeasurementoftheCRSinvestments.RigorousstandardsandmethodsensurebuyersofW+certified“Units”willbeprotectedfromfalseorinflatedclaims,andcanconfidentlymeasurethebeneficialimpactsoftheirinvestments.Tothispoint,WOCANhassupportedthedevelopmentoftheW+Standardthroughitsowncorefundingresources.WOCANhasdevelopedtheTIMEmethodologyandistestingtheStandardandMethodologyinthreepilotprojects.AnAdvisoryCouncilandStandardCommitteehavebeenconvenedforgovernanceandtechnicaloversight.WOCANhasalreadyinvestedmorethanUSD$200,000instandardandmethoddevelopment,andfieldtestingwithinpilotprojects.Oncesufficientcorefundingissecured,WOCANwillbeabletoimplementadministrativeandoperationalfunctionswithinafewweeks.WOCANprojectsthatafterthreeyears,theW+™programwillbefinanciallyself‐sufficient.WOCANisseekingUSD$490,000inseedfundingtosupporttheestablishmentofadministrativeandoperationsfunctionsandmethodologydevelopmentin2014.
1 WOCAN’s Mission is to build women’s leadership in agriculture and natural resource management through organizational and individual transformation. WOCAN focuses on three pillars to fulfill its mission: Women’s Leadership Development, Policy Advocacy and Women's Empowerment. 2 The central premise behind creating shared value is that the competitiveness of a company and the health of the communities around it are mutually dependent. Recognizing and capitalizing on these connections between societal and economic progress has the power to unleash the next wave of global growth and to redefine capitalism.
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“Time”Timeisthedomainthatenablessuccessinallotherdomains,andsoisthehighestpriorityformethoddevelopment.Inmanypartsofthedevelopingworld,womenspendmanyhourseachdayperformingtaskssuchasgatheringfuelwoodorcollectingwater.Whentheintroductionoftechnologyornewpracticesfreeswomenfromthesephysicallydemandingandtime‐consumingtasks,womenhavemoretimetocarefortheirownhealth,earncashincome,cultivategardensandnewcrops,improvetheirknowledgeandeducationandparticipateintheenhancementoftheircommunities.Inthedevelopedworld,theavailabilityofclotheswashingmachinesfreedwomenfromthetime‐consumingchoreofhandlaunderingclothing.TheW+seekstoprovidesimilartimerelieftowomen,whocanthendevotemoretimetowardimprovingtheirlivesinotherways.
Toachievethegoalsofthismethod,projectsneedtodocumentanincreaseinwomen’sdiscretionarytime,bymeasuringshiftsintheuseoftimeawayfromlower‐valueactivitiestowardhigher‐valueactivities.Thiscanbeaccomplishedthroughtheuseoftime‐savingtechnologiesandtools,including;tractors,biogasdigesters,improvedcookstoves,waterpumpsandstoragefacilities.Themethodologywillprovidedirectionandguidanceonsurveytechniques,culturallyappropriatestakeholderengagementandappropriatedegreesofcertaintyanddetail.Timeisthekey.Manyorganizationssupportwomen’sentrepreneurship,
education,maternalhealth,andfoodsecurityinthedevelopingworld.But,untilwomenarefreedfromthenecessarychoresthatconsumesomuchtime,theywillmakelittleprogressinotherareas.Byaddressing“timepoverty”throughnewtechnologiesandpractices,particularlythroughadditionalbenefits(suchaspreventionofdeforestation,improvedairqualityandhealth),theW+Timemethodologyunlockswomen’spotential.WOCANestimatesthatpilotprojectpartnershipscanbeconfirmed,andthatthe“Time”methodologycanbecompletedandfieldtestedwithinfourmonthsoffunding.Fundingneedestimatesare:$25,000forMethodDevelopment$25,000forFieldtestvalidation$50,000forPilotProjectActivities
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“Income&Assets”Inmanyregionsoftheworld,womenhaveverylimitedaccesstofinancialortechnicalassets.Owningproperty(tools,livestock,land,jewelry),controllingmoney(havingapersonalbankaccount),andmakingindependentdecisionsaboutresourceuseareimportantleveragepointsforempowerment.Women’scontributionsareoftenun‐compensated,butwhentheyare,womencanpowerfullyaffectthewell‐beingoftheirfamiliesandcommunities.
TheIncome&Assetsmethodenablesprojectdeveloperstomeasurehowaprojectincreasesincomeandassetsthatareaccessibletoorcontrolledbywomen.Examplesofassetsmaybemoney,jewelry,land,trees,livestock,orequipment.Additionally,theprovisionof
legalrightstowomen,includingthatofcitizenshipandtherighttoownland,canbeessentialtowomen’sempowerment.
“Whilewomenmakeup66percentofthelaborforceinurbanareasofdevelopingcountries,theyaccountforonly10percentofincome.Researchclearlyshowsthatwhenwomen’sincomesgoup,theadditionalincomegoesdirectlytoincreasinghouseholdconsumptionandthereforeintotheoveralleconomy,whileincreasesinmen’sincomemoreoftengointopersonalconsumption.Inaddition,itiswellestablishedthattheavailabilityofsecurepropertyrightsdriveseconomicdevelopmentthroughinvestmentinpropertyimprovements,increasedmanufacturingandpurchasingonwholesaleandretailmarkets,accesstobetteremploymentopportunities,andimprovedhealthandeducation.”3CorporateinvestmentssuchastheGoldmanSachs‘10,000WomenInitiative’andsimilareffortsbringneededattentiontothevastbutunder‐developedsocialandeconomicpotentialofwomen.TheIncome&Assetsmethodologywillenablemeasurableandverifiableimprovementsinaccesstoresourcesandcontrolofearnedassetsbywomeninprojectcommunities.
WOCANestimatesthatpilotprojectpartnershipscanbeconfirmed,andthatthe“Income&Assets”methodologycanbecompletedandfieldtestedwithinfourmonthsoffunding.
Fundingneedestimatesare:$25,000forMethodDevelopment,$25,000forFieldtestvalidation$50,000forPilotProjectActivities
3 A Critical Issue in Urban Economic Development prepared for: the International Housing Coalition and the Urban Institute ‐ prepared by Carol S. Rabenhorst with the assistance of Anjali Bean, July 2011
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“Education&Knowledge”Thebenefitsoffemaleeducationforwomen'sempowermentandgenderequalityarebroadlyrecognized: Asfemaleeducationrises,fertility,populationgrowth,andinfantandchildmortalityfallandfamilyhealthimproves.
Increasesingirls'secondaryschoolenrollmentareassociatedwithincreasesinwomen'sparticipationinthelaborforceandtheircontributionstohouseholdandnationalincome.
Women'sincreasedearningcapacity,inturn,hasapositiveeffectonchildnutrition.
Children—especiallydaughters—ofeducatedmothersaremorelikelytobeenrolledinschoolandtohavehigherlevelsofeducationalattainment.
Educatedwomenaremorepoliticallyactiveandbetterinformedabouttheirlegalrightsandhowtoexercisethem4.”
TheEducation&Knowledgemethodwillenableprojectdeveloperstoevaluatehowprojectshaveresultedinwomen’sincreasedknowledgeandskills,aswellasthetransmittalofwomen’sknowledgeandskillstoothersinthecommunity.Thiscanbemeasuredbyincreasedknowledgeandskillsgainedfromextensionservicesaboutagriculture,forestmanagement,livestock,renewableenergy,sanitationandhealth,etc.Otherskillsincludethoseofbasicreadingandwriting,numeracy,businessmanagement,computerandGPSuse,andcommunication.Localinitiativestoshareknowledge,skillsandinformation,andinvitationstoparticipateintrainingandeducationopportunitiesandexposurevisitstoobservesuccessfulinitiativesinothercommunities,especiallythoserunbywomen,canprovidestrongincentivesandpositiveexamples.Theeconomicbenefitsofenhancededucationandknowledgeamongwomenandgirlsarecompellingandsomebusinessesseethesebenefitsasapathtocreatingmarketdemandfortheirgoodsorservicesordevelopingamoreeffectiveworkforce.Inadditiontothesebusinessmotivations,nationalandregionalgovernmentsmayrealizegreatbenefitsthroughimprovedeconomicoutputsandreducedsocialcosts,throughtheeducationalempowermentofwomenandgirls.“Womenindevelopingnationsareusuallyinchargeofsecuringwater,foodandfuelandofoverseeingfamilyhealthanddiet.Therefore,theytendtoputintoimmediatepracticewhatevertheylearnaboutnutritionandpreservingtheenvironmentandnaturalresources5.”WOCANestimatesthatpilotprojectpartnershipscanbeconfirmed,andthatthe“Education&Knowledge”methodologycanbecompletedandfieldtestedwithinfourmonthsoffunding.
Fundingneedestimatesare:$25,000forMethodDevelopment$25,000forFieldtestvalidation$50,000forPilotProjectActivities4 Population Reference Bureau, 2003 5 UNFPA, the United Nations Population Fund, 2012
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“Health”AccordingtotheUNICEF,66%oftheworld’sworkisdonebywomen.Thisincludesworkinsidethehomeascare‐giversforchildrenandseniors,paidandun‐paidlabor,foodproduction(cultivatingcrops,collectingandstoringharvests)andresourcemanagement(waterandfuel).Ifwomenareinpoorhealth,duetopoornutrition,lackofaccesstohealthcare,ortheimpactsofdisease,theirreducedworkcapacitywillinevitablyleadtomultiple,cumulative,negativeimpactstofamilies,communitiesandtonationaleconomies.Improvingwomen’shealth,andcommunityhealthoverall,canhaveapositivemultipliereffectslocally,andnationally.TheHealthmethodenablesprojectdeveloperstoevaluatehowtheprojecthasimprovedtheoverallhealthofwomen.Thiscanbedocumentedthroughimprovedhealtheducation,expandedaccesstohealthservicesandclinicsandimprovedstaffingandsuppliestoexistinghealthclinics.Additionalmeasurableimprovementsmayinclude:infantandmaternalmortalityrates,ratesofanemiaamongstwomen,vaccinationratesandlocaldiseaserates(respiratory,gastrointestinal,etc.). Investinginwomen’shealthisnotonlythe‘rightthingtodo’,butinvestmentsinhealthenablesuccessinotherdomains.Further,outcomesinhealthinvestmentscanbeeffectivelymeasured,andchangesovertimecanbetracked.WOCANestimatesthatpilotprojectpartnershipscanbeconfirmed,andthatthe“Health”methodologycanbecompletedandfieldtestedwithinfourmonthsoffunding.
Fundingneedestimatesare:$25,000forMethodDevelopment$25,000forFieldtestvalidation$50,000forPilotProjectActivities
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“FoodSecurity”ImprovementsinFoodSecurityarecriticalforwomen’sattainmentofeconomic,socialandhealthimprovements.Womenareoftenresponsibleforensuringthattheirfamiliesarefed,yettheythemselvesmaygowithoutadequatenutrition.Womenindevelopingeconomies,particularlyinindigenouscommunities,arethecustodiansoflocalplantknowledge,traditionalmethodsandpracticesofcropandsoilmanagement.Supportingwomenintheirroleasfood‐producersiscriticalforlong‐termfoodsecurity,improvednutritionandeffective,sustainableresourcestewardship.TheFoodSecuritymethodwillenableprojectdeveloperstoevaluatehowtheprojecthasdecreasedthequantityandqualityoffoodinsecuritywithinhouseholdswithintheprojectscopeorboundary.Thiscanbemeasuredthroughdocumentationofincreasedsoilfertilityandyields,diversityofcropsandvegetables,andotherimprovementsinfarmingsystems.Anotherapproachistomeasureanddocumentimprovementsintoolsoraccesstotools,foodstoragefacilities,irrigationsystemsandpost‐harvestpracticesthatresultinimprovedcropyieldsanddecreasedpost‐harvestlosses,leadingtomoreavailabilityofnutritiousfoodsforwomenandtheirfamilies.
Indevelopingeconomies,womenproducefromhalftofarmorethanhalfofallfoodproduction,yettheyreceiveasmallfractionofaidresourcesdirectedtowardagriculturaldevelopment.InvestmentsintheFoodSecuritymethodandassociatedprojects,toensurethatwomenhaveaccesstotools,resources,knowledge,facilities,andaccesstomarketsfortheirproduction,canhavemultiplepositivebenefitsinwomen’seconomicempowerment,nutritionandhealth,andresourcestewardship.
WOCANestimatesthatpilotprojectpartnershipscanbeconfirmed,andthatthe“FoodSecurity”methodologycanbecompletedandfieldtestedwithinfourmonthsoffunding.Fundingneedestimatesare:$25,000forMethodDevelopment$25,000forFieldtestvalidation$50,000forPilotProjectActivities
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“Leadership”
Withindevelopingeconomies,womenarestillwidelyunder‐representedindecision‐makingatalllevels,inthehousehold,inbusinesses,andinthepublicsphere.Addressingtheseinequitiesthroughlawsandpublicpolicyisawayofformalizingthegoalofgenderequality.However,legalchangesarenotalwayssufficienttoovercomecustomstocreatelastingchanges.ImplementationofprogramssuchastheW+™methodologycanhelpclosethegapbetweenwhatlawsproscribeandwhatactuallyoccurs.
TheLeadershipmethodologyenablesprojectdeveloperstoevaluatehowprojectsresultinincreaseddecisionmakingrolesforwomen–withinthecontextoftheprojectitselforwithinhouseholdsandcommunities.Thiscanbemeasuredthroughevaluatingincreasesintherepresentationandparticipationofwomenbothquantitativelyandqualitativelyingovernancebodiesofcommunityorganizations(measuringhowmanywomenareinleadershiprolesandhowmanyareactiveindiscussionsanddecisions)oranincreaseintheeffectivenessofwomen'sgroupstoadvocate,managefunds,negotiateandnetworkthroughleadershipandentrepreneurshipskilldevelopmentandcoaching.
“Genderequalityisimportantinitsownright.Developmentisaprocessofexpandingfreedomsequallyforallpeople—maleandfemale(Sen,2009).Closingthegapinwell‐beingbetweenmalesandfemalesisasmuchapartofdevelopmentasisreducingincomepoverty.Greatergenderequalityalsoenhanceseconomicefficiencyandimprovesotherdevelopmentoutcomes6.”
WOCANestimatesthatpilotprojectpartnershipscanbeconfirmed,andthatthe“Leadership”methodologycanbecompletedandfieldtestedwithinfourmonthsoffunding.Fundingneedestimatesare:$25,000forMethodDevelopment$25,000forFieldtestvalidation$50,000forPilotProjectActivity
6 International Monetary Fund. Empowering Women Is Smart Economics FINANCE & DEVELOPMENT, March 2012, Vol. 49, No. 1
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Pipeline of 10 Sample Projects for W+ Standard Project Name
Country Project description W+ Domains Org Website
Kariba REDD+ Project
Zimbabwe REDD Forestry project with significant women’s involvement.
Time, Leadership
South Pole
http://southpolecarbon.com/Kariba/page/projectpage.php
National Programme for Improved Cookstoves
India
Introduces improved cookstoves pan India, which helps in reduction of firewood, therefore time saving for women. Also, improves health condition.
Health, Time, Education and Knowledge
South Pole
http://www.southpolecarbon.com/projects/project_overview
Improved Woodstoves in Udaipur ‐ Helping Women and Environment
India Improved woodstoves help in easier and faster cooking and better health.
Health, Time, Education and Knowledge
Seva
https://products.markit.com/br‐reg/public/project.jsp?project_id=103000000001909
Vi ‐ Agroforestry Project
Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda
Works with women farmers’ groups to plant trees, offset carbon in soils, maintain active saving and borrowing groups, provide biogas, solar power and briquettes, provide training in agriculture and soil fertility, constructed water collection systems.
Time, Food Security, Health, Leadership, Education and Knowledge
Vi Agro‐forestry
http://www.viagroforeviag.org
International Water Purification Project
Uganda + 10 Countries
Aims in improving health condition of women and children in the project area. It also helps in reduction firewood collection as it employs clean technologies for water purification.
Health, Time, Education
South Pole
http://www.southpolecarbon.com/projects/project_overview
Voluntary Cookstove PoA
4 Countries
The PoA aims in introducing improved cookstoves Across many LDC, which helps in reduction of firewood, therefore time saving for women. Also, improves Health condition.
Health, Time, Education
South Pole
http://www.southpolecarbon.com/projects/project_overview
Dissemination of fuel efficient biomass stoves and water purification systems
Tanzania
This project gives improved biomass stove and water purification systems to households in Tanzania.
Time, Health, Income and Assets, Leadership
Envirofit
https://products.markit.com/br‐reg/public/project.jsp?project_id=103000000002079
Biogas Micro‐digester Introduction to Rural Households
China
Aims at installing micro bio‐digesters at community ‐household level, improving sanitation by providing toilets, less back breaking jobs done by women and more free time for women.
Health, Time, Education and Knowledge
PEAR Carbon Offset Initiative, Ltd.
http://www.pear‐carbon‐offset.org/english/index.html