wadi based livelihood development programme 2

8/8/2019 Wadi Based Livelihood Development Programme 2

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Wadi Based Livelihood Development ProgrammeN A B A R D h a s b e e n c l o s e l y a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h e i m p l e m e n t a t i o n o f a n e x t e r n a l l y a i d e d c o m p r e h e n s i v e A d i v a s i

D e v e l o p m e n t P r o g r a m m e t h r o u g h W a d i a p p r o a c h i n c o l l a b o r a t i o n w i t h N G O s i n G u j a r a t s i n c e 1 9 9 5 a n d i n

M a h a r a s h t r a s i n c e 2 0 0 0 . T h e c e n t r a l f o c u s o f t h e p r o g r a m m e i s o n w a d i ( s m a l l o r c h a r d ) w i t h o t h e r d e v e l o p m e n t

i n t e r v e n t i o n s l i k e s o i l c o n s e r v a t i o n , w a t e r r e s o u r c e d e v e l o p m e n t , c o m m u n i t y h e a l t h a n d s a n i t a t i o n a n d w o m e n

d e v e l o p m e n t a r e w o v e n a s s u p p o r t i n g c o m p o n e n t s . E a c h w a d i p l o t o f o n e a c r e c o m p r i s e s o f m a n g o & c a s h e w n u t

( a l s o a m l a i n M a h a r a s h t r a ) p l a n t s s u r r o u n d e d b y 5 0 0 - 6 0 0 f o r e s t r y p l a n t s o n t h e b o u n d a r y . A s p e c i a l f e a t u r e o f t h e

p r o g r a m m e i s b l e n d i n g o f g r a n t w i t h c r e d i t n o t o n l y t o e n s u r e p a r t i c i p a n t s s t a k e a n d i n v o l v e m e n t i n t h e p r o g r a m m e ,

b u t a l s o f o r s e l f - r e l i a n c e o f t h e p a r t i c i p a n t s .

I n t h e s e t w o s t a t e s , o v e r 2 5 , 8 0 0 t r i b a l f a m i l i e s h a v e b e e n b r o u g h t u n d e r t h e p r o g r a m m e a n d a n a r e a o f a r o u n d

2 4 , 0 0 0 a c r e , s p r e a d o v e r 3 5 6 v i l l a g e s h a s b e e n b r o u g h t u n d e r ' w a d i s ' o f c a s h e w a n d m a n g o ( a n d a l s o a m l a i n

M a h a r a s h t r a ) a l o n g w i t h b o u n d a r y p l a n t a t i o n o f f u e l w o o d a n d f o d d e r s p e c i e s . P r o d u c t i o n h a s a l r e a d y s t a r t e d i n t h e

G u j a r a t p r o g r a m m e w i t h a r o u n d 3 0 0 M T o f c a s h e w a n d 5 0 0 M T o f m a n g o , w h i c h h a s b e e n i n s t r u m e n t a l i n

e s t a b l i s h i n g 1 0 v i l l a g e l e v e l p r o c e s s i n g u n i t s p r o v i d i n g p e r e n n i a l e m p l o y m e n t t o 1 8 0 l a n d l e s s t r i b a l p e o p l e , m o s t l y o f

w h i c h a r e w o m e n . T e n t r i b a l c o - o p e r a t i v e s o c i e t i e s h a v e a l s o b e e n r e g i s t e r e d t o f a c i l i t a t e t h e c o n t i n u a t i o n o f t h e

p r o g r a m m e o n c e t h e e x t e r n a l s u p p o r t i s w i t h d r a w n . A s h i f t i n c r o p p i n g p a t t e r n t o w a r d s c o m m e r c i a l c r o p s h a s

r e s u l t e d i n g e n e r a t i n g r e g u l a r i n c o m e . T h i s h a s h e l p e d i n d e v e l o p i n g s a v i n g h a b i t s t h r o u g h S H G s a n d h a s l e d t o

r e d u c e d d e p e n d e n c e o n m o n e y l e n d e r s .

T h e w a d i m o d e l h a s b e e n a c c l a i m e d w o r l d w i d e a s a s u s t a i n a b l e a n d r e p l i c a b l e m o d e l f o r p o v e r t y a l l e v i a t i o n . T h e

p r o j e c t w a s p r e s e n t e d a s a s u c c e s s f u l r e p l i c a b l e m o d e l f o r p o v e r t y a l l e v i a t i o n i n t h e d e v e l o p i n g c o u n t r i e s a t t h e

U N D P F o r u m o f M i n i s t e r s f o r P o v e r t y a n d E n v i r o n m e n t i n N e w Y o r k , U S A i n 1 9 9 9 a s w e l l a s a t t h e G l o b a l D i a l o g u e

i n H a n o v e r , G e r m a n y . T h i s p r o j e c t w a s a l s o e x h i b i t e d i n t h e B a s i c N e e d s P a v i l i o n a t t h e E x p o - 2 0 0 0 , G m b H ,

H a n o v e r .

W a d i m o d e l h a s b e e n f o u n d t o b e v e r y e f f e c t i v e i n c r e a t i n g s u s t a i n a b l e l i v e l i h o o d s f o r t r i b a l f a m i l i e s . I n o r d e r t o

s u p p o r t s i m i l a r d e s e r v i n g t r i b a l f a m i l i e s i n o t h e r p a r t s o f t h e c o u n t r y , N A B A R D h a s c r e a t e d a d e d i c a t e d f u n d c a l l e d

" T r i b a l D e v e l o p m e n t F u n d " ( T D F ) w i t h a c o r p u s o f R s . 5 0 c r o r e . T h e F u n d w i l l b e u s e d a s l o a n / g r a n t t o s u p p o r t w a d i

a n d o t h e r s u s t a i n a b l e m i c r o e n t e r p r i s e s u n d e r t a k e n b y t r i b a l f a m i l i e s i n t r i b a l p r e d o m i n a n t a r e a s o f t h e c o u n t r y .

F u r t h e r r e a d i n g :

F u r t h e r r e a d i n g : F u r t h e r r e a d i n g :

F u r t h e r r e a d i n g :

a .

P r o g r a m m e G e n e

P r o g r a m m e G e n e P r o g r a m m e G e n e

P r o g r a m m e G e n e s i s

s i ss i s

s i s

b .

P r o g r a m m e A r e a

P r o g r a m m e A r e a P r o g r a m m e A r e a


c .

W h a t i s W a d i ?

W h a t i s W a d i ? W h a t i s W a d i ?


d .

P r o g r a m m e P a r t n e r s

P r o g r a m m e P a r t n e r s P r o g r a m m e P a r t n e r s


e .

I m p l e m e n t a t i o n S t r a t e g y

I m p l e m e n t a t i o n S t r a t e g y I m p l e m e n t a t i o n S t r a t e g y


f .

P r o g r a m m e F u n d i n g

P r o g r a m m e F u n d i n g P r o g r a m m e F u n d i n g


g .

P r o g r a m m e A c h i e v e m e n t s

P r o g r a m m e A c h i e v e m e n t s P r o g r a m m e A c h i e v e m e n t s

P r o g r a m m e A c h i e v e m e n t s


2/6

h .

S t r a t e g y f o r P r o g r a m m e R e p l i c a t i o n

S t r a t e g y f o r P r o g r a m m e R e p l i c a t i o n S t r a t e g y f o r P r o g r a m m e R e p l i c a t i o n

S t r a t e g y f o r P r o g r a m m e R e p l i c a t i o n

i .

T r i b a l D e v e l o p m e n t F u n d

T r i b a l D e v e l o p m e n t F u n d T r i b a l D e v e l o p m e n t F u n d

T r i b a l D e v e l o p m e n t F u n d

j .

F u t u r e O u t l o o k

F u t u r e O u t l o o k F u t u r e O u t l o o k

F u t u r e O u t l o o k


P r o g r a m m e G e n e s i s P r o g r a m m e G e n e s i s


T h e t r i b a l p o p u l a t i o n c o n s t i t u t i n g a r o u n d 8 % o f t h e p o p u l a t i o n i s m a i n l y d e p e n d e n t o n f o r e s t s , l i v e s t o c k a n d

a g r i c u l t u r e . B u t t h e d w i n d l i n g f o r e s t r e s o u r c e s , s h r i n k i n g w a t e r t a b l e a n d p o o r f u e l & f o d d e r s u p p l y h a v e j e o p a r d i z e d

t h e i r a g r i c u l t u r e a n d l i v e s t o c k p r o d u c t i v i t y . T h e s m a l l a n d m a r g i n a l , f r a g m e n t e d a n d u n - i r r i g a t e d h o l d i n g s c a p a b l e o f

r a i s i n g a m o n o c r o p a n d l o w p r o d u c t i v e l i v e s t o c k p o p u l a t i o n d o n o t p r o v i d e a d e q u a t e r e s o u r c e s a n d i n c o m e f o r t h e i r

l i v e l i h o o d . S u c h f a c t o r s , i n c l u d i n g t h e i r b i g g e r f a m i l y s i z e , c o m p e l t h e m t o s t a r v e o r m i g r a t e t o n e a r b y t o w n s a n d

m a n y a t i m e s t o d i s t a n t l o c a l i t i e s f o r s u b s i s t e n c e .

T h e e f f o r t s a r e b e i n g m a d e b y t h e G o v e r n m e n t a n d N o n G o v e r n m e n t O r g a n i z a t i o n s ( N G O ) t o p r o v i d e f i n a n c i a l a n d

t e c h n i c a l a s s i s t a n c e t o t h e t r i b a l s t h r o u g h v a r i o u s s c h e m e s a n d d e v e l o p m e n t p r o g r a m m e s i n t h e c o u n t r y s i n c e

i n d e p e n d e n c e . T h e s e e x i s t i n g d e v e l o p m e n t s c h e m e s o f f e r s o m e r e l i e f t o t h e t r i b a l s , b u t t h e r e i s a r e c u r r e n t r e l a p s e

t o p o v e r t y d u e t o v a r i o u s r e a s o n s . A s a r e s u l t , m o r e t h a n h a l f o f t r i b a l p o p u l a t i o n i s s t i l l b e l o w p o v e r t y l i n e a n d u n a b l e

t o j o i n t h e m a i n s t r e a m .

A m o n g t h e v a r i o u s i n i t i a t i v e s , C o m p r e h e n s i v e T r i b a l D e v e l o p m e n t P r o g r a m m e c o m m o n l y k n o w n a s " W a d i "

" W a d i " " W a d i "

" W a d i "

p r o g r a m m e i n t r o d u c e d d u r i n g 1 9 8 0 s i n V a n s d a , G u j a r a t b y a n N G O , B A I F D e v e l o p m e n t R e s e a r c h F o u n d a t i o n

( B A I F ) , P u n e h a s l e f t a v i s i b l e i m p a c t i n a s h o r t s p a n o f t i m e a n d s t a n d s o u t a s a d e m o n s t r a t i v e a n d s u s t a i n a b l e

m o d e l s u i t a b l e f o r r e p l i c a t i o n i n o t h e r t r i b a l a r e a s t o o .


P r o g r a m m e A r e a P r o g r a m m e A r e a


T h e " W a d i "

" W a d i " " W a d i "

" W a d i " p r o g r a m m e s p o n s o r e d b y K r e d i t a n s t a l t f u r W i e d e r a u f b a u ( K f W ) , G e r m a n y i s u n d e r i m p l e m e n t a t i o n i n t w o

s t a t e s :

G u j a r a t s i n c e 1 9 9 5 :

G u j a r a t s i n c e 1 9 9 5 : G u j a r a t s i n c e 1 9 9 5 :

G u j a r a t s i n c e 1 9 9 5 : V a l s a d ( D h a r a m p u r & K a p r a d a b l o c k s ) a n d D a n g s M a h a r a s h t r a s i n c e 2 0 0 0 :

V a l s a d ( D h a r a m p u r & K a p r a d a b l o c k s ) a n d D a n g s M a h a r a s h t r a s i n c e 2 0 0 0 : V a l s a d ( D h a r a m p u r & K a p r a d a b l o c k s ) a n d D a n g s M a h a r a s h t r a s i n c e 2 0 0 0 :

V a l s a d ( D h a r a m p u r & K a p r a d a b l o c k s ) a n d D a n g s M a h a r a s h t r a s i n c e 2 0 0 0 : N a s i k ( P e i n t ,

N a s i k ( P e i n t , N a s i k ( P e i n t ,

N a s i k ( P e i n t ,

T r i a m b a k & S u r g a n a b l o c k s ) a n d T h a n e ( M o k h a d a b l o c k ) . S i n c e 2 0 0 7 a n o t h e r W a d i P r o g r a m m e h a s b e

T r i a m b a k & S u r g a n a b l o c k s ) a n d T h a n e ( M o k h a d a b l o c k ) . S i n c e 2 0 0 7 a n o t h e r W a d i P r o g r a m m e h a s b e T r i a m b a k & S u r g a n a b l o c k s ) a n d T h a n e ( M o k h a d a b l o c k ) . S i n c e 2 0 0 7 a n o t h e r W a d i P r o g r a m m e h a s b e

T r i a m b a k & S u r g a n a b l o c k s ) a n d T h a n e ( M o k h a d a b l o c k ) . S i n c e 2 0 0 7 a n o t h e r W a d i P r o g r a m m e h a s b e e n l a u n c h e d

e n l a u n c h e d e n l a u n c h e d

e n l a u n c h e d

i n D a n g s a n d V a l s a d d i s t r i c t s o f G u j a r a t n a m e d a s A D P G

i n D a n g s a n d V a l s a d d i s t r i c t s o f G u j a r a t n a m e d a s A D P G i n D a n g s a n d V a l s a d d i s t r i c t s o f G u j a r a t n a m e d a s A D P G

i n D a n g s a n d V a l s a d d i s t r i c t s o f G u j a r a t n a m e d a s A D P G -

--

- P h a s e 2 w i t h t h e f i n a n c i a l a s s i s t a n c e f r o m K F W

P h a s e 2 w i t h t h e f i n a n c i a l a s s i s t a n c e f r o m K F W P h a s e 2 w i t h t h e f i n a n c i a l a s s i s t a n c e f r o m K F W

P h a s e 2 w i t h t h e f i n a n c i a l a s s i s t a n c e f r o m K F W

G e r m a n y .

G e r m a n y . G e r m a n y .

G e r m a n y .

T h e p r o g r a m m e a r e a i s i n h a b i t e d m a i n l y b y t r i b a l s . I t i s c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y s t e e p , u n d u l a t i n g , i n a c c e s s i b l e t e r r a i n ,

h e a v y r a i n f a l l w i t h h i g h r u n o f f s . R e m o t e a n d s c a t t e r e d h a b i t a t i o n s p r o v i d e o n l y h a r s h l i v i n g c o n d i t i o n s . O n l y o n e

t h i r d o f t h e a r e a i s c u l t i v a b l e w i t h n e g l i g i b l e a r e a u n d e r i r r i g a t i o n . T h e h a r s h l i v e l i h o o d c o n d i t i o n s l e a d t o h i g h

m o r b i d i t y a n d v i c i o u s c y c l e o f p o v e r t y .


W h a t i s W a d i ? W h a t i s W a d i ?


T h e W a d i m o d e l o f t r i b a l d e v e l o p m e n t i s h o l i s t i c i n a p p r o a c h a d d r e s s i n g p r o d u c t i o n , p r o c e s s i n g a n d m a r k e t i n g o f

t h e p r o d u c e a n d a l s o o t h e r n e e d s . T h e c o r e o f t h e p r o g r a m m e i s W a d i

W a d i W a d i

W a d i a n d o t h e r d e v e l o p m e n t i n t e r v e n t i o n s a r e

b u i l t a r o u n d W a d i . T h e W a d i ' i n G u j a r a t i m e a n s a ' s m a l l o r c h a r d '

' s m a l l o r c h a r d ' ' s m a l l o r c h a r d '

' s m a l l o r c h a r d ' c o v e r i n g o n e o r t w o a c r e s . T h e W a d i a s a n

e f f e c t i v e t o o l f o r t r i b a l d e v e l o p m e n t e v o l v e d g r a d u a l l y o u t o f t w o d e c a d e s o f c o n c e r t e d e f f o r t s m a d e b y B A I F i n


3/6

V a n s d a ( G u j a r a t ) . T h e W a d i m a y b e o f m a n g o o r c a s h e w o r a m l a o r a n y f r u i t c r o p s u i t a b l e t o t h e a r e a o r a

c o m b i n a t i o n o f t h e s e t r e e c r o p s , w i t h f o r e s t r y s p e c i e s o n t h e p e r i p h e r y o f t h e l a n d h o l d i n g s . T w o o r m o r e t r e e c r o p s

a r e s e l e c t e d i n t h e W a d i m o d e l t o m i n i m i z e t h e c l i m a t i c , b i o l o g i c a l a n d m a r k e t i n g r i s k s . T r i b a l f a m i l i e s h a v i n g l e s s

t h a n 5 a c r e l a n d i s g i v e n 1 a c r e w a d i e a c h f o r r a i s i n g 6 0 f r u i t p l a n t s s u i t a b l e t o l o c a l a r e a a n d 6 0 0 f o r e s t r y p l a n t s o n

t h e b o u n d a r y .

O t h e r d e v e l o p m e n t i n t e r v e n t i o n s i n t h e a r e a s o f e n v i r o n m e n t , g e n d e r a n d h e a l t h v i z . , s o i l c o n s e r v a t i o n i n t h e w a d i s ,

w a t e r r e s o u r c e d e v e l o p m e n t , a g r i c u l t u r e d e v e l o p m e n t , w o m e n d e v e l o p m e n t , h e a l t h a r e w o v e n a r o u n d t h e w a d i .

W a t e r r e s o u r c e s d e v e l o p m e n t :

W a t e r r e s o u r c e s d e v e l o p m e n t : W a t e r r e s o u r c e s d e v e l o p m e n t :

W a t e r r e s o u r c e s d e v e l o p m e n t : E v e n t h o u g h t h e p r o g r a m m e a r e a r e c e i v e s a n a n n u a l r a i n f a l l o f 2 5 0 0 m m , b e c a u s e

o f s t e e p s l o p e s a n d r o c k y t e r r a i n , w a t e r r e t e n t i o n i s p o o r r e s u l t i n g i n s e v e r e s o i l e r o s i o n a n d n u t r i e n t l o s s . A s e x i s t i n g

w a t e r r e s o u r c e s a r e n o t s u f f i c i e n t t o i r r i g a t e W a d i p l o t s , r u n o f f w a t e r i s h a r v e s t e d t h r o u g h c o n s t r u c t i o n o f

t e m p o r a r y c h e c k b u n d s a c r o s s r i v e r s t r e a m s a n d d e v e l o p m e n t o f p e r e n n i a l s p r i n g s . T h e s p r i n g w a t e r i s u s e d f o r

d r i n k i n g a s w e l l a s i r r i g a t i o n p u r p o s e s . P o t d r i p i r r i g a t i o n i s p r o v i d e d f o r t h e f r u i t p l a n t s i n t h e i n i t i a l 3 y e a r s o f

p l a n t a t i o n a s p r o t e c t i v e i r r i g a t i o n .

S o i l c o n s e r v a t i o n m e a s u r e s

S o i l c o n s e r v a t i o n m e a s u r e s S o i l c o n s e r v a t i o n m e a s u r e s

S o i l c o n s e r v a t i o n m e a s u r e s v i z . , b u n d i n g , t r e e p l a t f o r m s , t h e c o m b i n a t i o n o f t h e s e t w o a n d t r e n c h - c u m - b u n d b a s e d

o n f i e l d l e v e l r e q u i r e m e n t s h a v e b e e n i n t r o d u c e d f r o m t h e f i r s t y e a r . T h e p a r t i c i p a n t s a r e p a i d f o r t h e s o i l

c o n s e r v a t i o n a n d p l a n t a t i o n w o r k d o n e b y t h e m i n t h e i r f i e l d s .

H e a l t h P r o g r a m m e :

H e a l t h P r o g r a m m e : H e a l t h P r o g r a m m e :

H e a l t h P r o g r a m m e : S o m e o f t h e b a s i c p r o b l e m s f a c e d b y t h e t r i b a l f a m i l i e s a r e r e l a t e d t o m a l n u t r i t i o n , i l l n e s s a n d

i n a c c e s s i b i l i t y t o h e a l t h c a r e . C o m m u n i t y h e a l t h p r o g r a m m e f o c u s e s o n m o t h e r a n d c h i l d h e a l t h c a r e ( M C H ) a s w e l l

a s p r i m a r y a n d p r e v e n t i v e h e a l t h c a r e . T h e p a r t i c i p a n t s a r e e d u c a t e d o n s a n i t a t i o n a n d h y g i e n e . T h e l o c a l y o u t h ,

e s p e c i a l l y w o m e n , c a l l e d V i l l a g e H e a l t h G u i d e s ( V H G ) a r e t r a i n e d i n d i a g n o s i s a n d t r e a t m e n t o f c o m m o n i l l n e s s a n d

s e r i o u s c a s e s a r e r e f e r r e d t o a p p r o p r i a t e f a c i l i t i e s .

W o m e n D e v e l o p m e n t :

W o m e n D e v e l o p m e n t : W o m e n D e v e l o p m e n t :

W o m e n D e v e l o p m e n t : T h e r e h a s b e e n a n i n c r e a s e d e m p h a s i s o n w o m e n s p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n t h e p r o g r a m m e . T h e

m a j o r a c t i v i t i e s t a k e n u p a r e p r o m o t i o n o f S H G s , i n c o m e g e n e r a t i o n a c t i v i t i e s , d r u d g e r y r e d u c t i o n a l o n g w i t h

a w a r e n e s s g e n e r a t i o n a b o u t r e p r o d u c t i v e h e a l t h a n d d e v e l o p m e n t a s p e c t s .

T h e i n c o m e g e n e r a t i n g a c t i v i t i e s i n c l u d e d f r u i t a n d f o r e s t p l a n t n u r s e r i e s , v e g e t a b l e c u l t i v a t i o n , p r o d u c e c o l l e c t i o n ,

p a p a d m a k i n g , v e r m i c o m p o s t i n g e t c . I n o r d e r t o r e d u c e d r u d g e r y o f w o m e n , t h r e e m a j o r a c t i v i t i e s a r e t a k e n u p i n

t h e f i e l d . T h e y a r e s m o k e l e s s s t o v e s , u s e o f b e a r i n g s i n t h e t r a d i t i o n a l g r i n d i n g s t o n e s a n d p e d a l t h r e s h e r f o r p a d d y .

S u p p o r t t o L a n d l e s s : B e s i d e s t h e l a n d h o l d i n g f a m i l i e s , t h e p r o g r a m m e h a s s u p p o r t e d l a n d l e s s b y p r o v i d i n g m i c r o -

e n t e r p r i s e s i n f a r m a n d n o n - f a r m s e c t o r s a n d e m p l o y m e n t o p p o r t u n i t i e s i n p r o c e s s i n g u n i t s .

P r o c e s s i n g a n d M a r k e t i n g :

P r o c e s s i n g a n d M a r k e t i n g : P r o c e s s i n g a n d M a r k e t i n g :

P r o c e s s i n g a n d M a r k e t i n g : T h e p r o g r a m m e h a s b e e n d e s i g n e d t o e n s u r e a s s u r e d m a r k e t a n d r e m u n e r a t i v e p r i c e s

f o r t h e w a d i r e l a t e d p r o d u c e . D e c e n t r a l i s e d p r o c e s s i n g f a c i l i t i e s f o r c a s h e w a n d m a n g o a r e e s t a b l i s h e d u n d e r t h e

c o o p e r a t i v e f o l d w i t h t w o l e v e l s v i z . , v i l l a g e a n d c o o p e r a t i v e ( c e n t r a l ) . T h i s h a s f a c i l i t a t e d c r e a t i o n o f e m p l o y m e n t

o p p o r t u n i t i e s f o r l a n d l e s s t r i b a l f a m i l i e s i n t h e p r o j e c t a r e a a n d a l s o e n s u r e d a p p r o p r i a t e p r i c e f o r t h e f a r m p r o d u c e ,


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b y p r o v i d i n g c a p t i v e m a r k e t f o r t h e r a w m a t e r i a l a n d b e t t e r r e t u r n s t h r o u g h v a l u e a d d i t i o n .


P r o g r a m m e P a r t n e r s P r o g r a m m e P a r t n e r s


U n d e r t h e b i l a t e r a l c o o p e r a t i o n b e t w e e n G o v e r n m e n t o f G e r m a n y a n d G o v e r n m e n t o f I n d i a , M o E A , G o I a c t s a s a

r e g u l a t o r y a n d l i n k a g e b o d y b e t w e e n d o n o r a n d r e c e i v e r c o u n t r i e s . T h e d e v e l o p m e n t p a r t n e r s i n w a d i p r o g r a m m e

a n d t h e i r r e s p e c t i v e r o l e a r e d e s c r i b e d a s b e l o w :

i .

K r e d i t a n s t a l t f u r W i e d e r a u f b a u ( K f W ) , a D e v e l o p m e n t B a n k o f G e r m a n y i s p r o v i d i n g g r a n t s u p p o r t o f E u r o

3 6 . 0 0 m i l l i o n ( R s . 1 7 3 c r o r e ) f o r a p e r i o d o f 1 0 y e a r s f o r e a c h p r o g r a m m e i n G u j a r a t a n d M a h a r a s h t r a .

i i .

N A B A R D i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r c h a n n e l i s i n g f u n d s , c o o r d i n a t i o n , m o n i t o r i n g a n d e v a l u a t i o n .

i i i .

D H R U V A f o r G u j a r a t / M a h a r a s h t r a I n s t i t u t e o f T e c h n o l o g y T r a n s f e r f o r R u r a l A r e a s M I T T R A f o r

M a h a r a s h t r a - t h e p r i n c i p a l i m p l e m e n t i n g a g e n c i e s s u p p o r t e d b y B A I F D e v e l o p m e n t R e s e a r c h F o u n d a t i o n ,

P u n e .

i v .

V i l l a g e A y o j a n a S a m i t i s ( V A S - P e o p l e ' s O r g a n i s a t i o n s ) a r e e x e c u t i n g t h e p r o g r a m m e a t v i l l a g e l e v e l .


I m p l e m e n t a t i o n S t r a t e g y I m p l e m e n t a t i o n S t r a t e g y


T r i b a l f a m i l i e s h a v i n g l e s s t h a n 5 a c r e s o f l a n d , w i l l i n g t o s t a y i n t h e v i l l a g e a n d w i l l i n g t o c o n t r i b u t e f a m i l y l a b o u r f o r

t h e o r c h a r d d e v e l o p m e n t a n d a l s o t h o s e w h o a r e f r e e f r o m b a d h a b i t s l i k e d r i n k i n g e t c . , a r e s e l e c t e d .

. .

.

T h e w a d i p r o g r a m m e l a y s e m p h a s i s o n p e o p l e ' s p a r t i c i p a t i o n t h r o u g h o u t t h e i m p l e m e n t a t i o n p r o c e s s . T h e

e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f v i l l a g e l e v e l p e o p l e ' s o r g a n i s a t i o n s c a l l e d V i l l a g e A y o j a n S a m i t i s ( V A S ) h a s b e e n t h e s t r o n g e s t

g r a s s r o o t l e v e l i n s t i t u t i o n f o r p l a n n i n g a n d i m p l e m e n t i n g t h e p r o g r a m m e . T h e V A S i s a v i l l a g e l e v e l c o m m i t t e e

c o m p r i s i n g o f r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s e l e c t e d f r o m a m o n g s t t h e w a d i p a r t i c i p a n t s f o r p l a n n i n g a n d e x e c u t i n g t h e p r o g r a m m e .


P r o g r a m m e F u n d i n g P r o g r a m m e F u n d i n g


T h e p r o g r a m m e i s s u p p o r t e d b y a g r a n t a s s i s t a n c e o f R s . 1 3 0 . 0 0 c r o r e b y a G e r m a n d e v e l o p m e n t b a n k v i z . ,

K r e d i t a n s t a l t f u r W i e d e r a u f b a u ( K f W ) . T h e c o r e w a d i a n d o t h e r c o m p o n e n t s a r e s u p p o r t e d w i t h g r a n t a s s i s t a n c e . A

u n i q u e f e a t u r e o f t h e f u n d i n g m e c h a n i s m i s b l e n d i n g o f g r a n t w i t h c r e d i t n o t o n l y t o e n s u r e p a r t i c i p a n t s s t a k e a n d

i n v o l v e m e n t i n t h e p r o g r a m m e , b u t a l s o f o r s e l f - r e l i a n c e o f t h e p a r t i c i p a n t s . A s t h e p r o g r a m m e p r o g r e s s e d w i t h

W a d i e s t a b l i s h m e n t a n d i n c o m e g e n e r a t i n g a c t i v i t i e s , l o a n a s s i s t a n c e i s g i v e n t o t h e t r i b a l p a r t i c i p a n t s t o s u p p o r t

i n c o m e g e n e r a t i n g a c t i v i t i e s , m i c r o e n t e r p r i s e s , w a t e r r e s o u r c e s d e v e l o p m e n t a n d o t h e r e m e r g e n t n e e d s u n d e r

A l t e r n a t i v e C r e d i t D e l i v e r y S y s t e m i n f a r f l u n g u n b a n k e d a r e a s . T h i s i n n o v a t i v e c r e d i t p r o g r a m m e i s b e i n g

i m p l e m e n t e d t h r o u g h N G O , p e o p l e s o r g a n i s a t i o n s a n d S H G s .

P r o g r a m m e a t a G l a n c e ( A s o n 3 1 J a n u a r y 2 0 0 7 )

P r o g r a m m e a t a G l a n c e ( A s o n 3 1 J a n u a r y 2 0 0 7 ) P r o g r a m m e a t a G l a n c e ( A s o n 3 1 J a n u a r y 2 0 0 7 )

P r o g r a m m e a t a G l a n c e ( A s o n 3 1 J a n u a r y 2 0 0 7 )

Sr. No. Particulars Gujarat Maharashtra

Phase 1 Phase 2

1 Programme area launched Valsad &Dangs

Valsad &Dangs

Nasik & Thane

2 Launched in 1995 2007 2000


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3 Target [tribal families] 10000 4700 12000

4 Participant families[Achievement]

12896 -- 13848

5 Area brought under wadi 12732 -- 12293

Programme Achievements

The programme has completed 11 years in Gujarat and 6 years in Maharashtra. In this short span, it has madesignificant socio-economic and ecological impact. The programme has been recognized by national and internationalagencies for the change it has brought about in the lives of tribal families. Arresting migration and soil and watererosion are the major benefits derived so far. Other major achievements are:

Wadis spread over 25,000 acre on the private land of 26,744 families have been established. These landsconsidered as wastelands and non-productive assets, have become productive and sustainable assets.

The availability of protective irrigation through water resources development has increased croppingintensity. A shift in cropping pattern towards commercial crops such as vegetables and pulses has resultedin generating regular income.

The production of vermicomposting and NADEP compost and emphasis on bio-pesticides in the programmehave opened up avenues for production of organically grown produce.

Seasonal migration has been reduced to a great extent as Wadi provides year round employmentopportunities to tribal families. This has also resulted in increased attendance in schools.

The production of around 350 MT of cashew and 500 MT of mango has opened up avenues for processingactivities.

There is a substantial rise in employment opportunities for landless in procuring and marketing of farmproduce and processing of cashew and mango as well as other income generating activities in non-farmsector.

The health programme has reduced the incidences of infectious diseases in the area and has improvedhealth and sanitation in the villages.

The successful functioning of VASs and SHGs has developed confidence among the participants in assetand fund management.

SHG movement has provided voice to tribal women and brought out their entrepreneurial skills which isdemonstrated by the micro enterprises and income generating activities such as nursery management,vermicomposting etc. undertaken by them.

Initiation of informal credit delivery system (credit through VASs and SHGs) has increased access of tribals

to credit for income generation. It has inculcated saving and repayment habits. Non-participant families have started adopting the Wadi model in the programme area.

This project was also exhibited in the Basic Needs Pavilion at the Expo-2000, Hannover.

NABARDs Initiatives for Programme Replication

Consultative MeetsNABARD organised Consultative Meets based on the experience of implementing wadi programme in Gujarat. Theobjective of the Meets was to spread the message of wadi model facilitating its replication in other potential areas.Participants for the Meets included district level Government officials, Tribal Development Commissioners, NGOs andNABARD officials.

Tribal Development Fund(TDF)

In order to replicate the wadi concept in potential areas throughout the country, NABARD had created a TribalDevelopment Fund during 2004-05 with a corpus of Rs 50 crore, which is being augmented from time to time. As on31 March 2009, NABARD has sanctioned 112 integrated tribal development projects benefiting more than 93,000tribal families in 19 states and UT of Dadra & Nagar Haveli with a commitment of Rs 307 crore.

Status of TDF projects

Future OutlookIn India, 70% of the rural population depending on agriculture for livelihood are either unemployed or underemployed


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for most part of the year. The dependence on agriculture, which is largely rainfed, has made their position insecureand livelihood unreliable. To this end, the Wadi programme as explained in the foregoing paragraphs, thoughtargets only tribal communities, stands tall among the various such programmes implemented so far. The philosophy,approach and strategy of Wadi model is replicable and applicable to all rural poor. The model so tested deserves tobe supported in other states and in other regions within the state. With adoption of the principles and approach ofwadi programme, the quality of life of rural poor on sustainable basis can be ensured through converting theirwastelands/ unproductive lands into productive orchards.

Reprinted with due credit to NABARD

[For more information on this contact www.nabard.org]

wadi based livelihood development programme 2

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