walking in indonesian cities
TRANSCRIPT
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INDONESIAINFRASTRUCTUREINITIATIVE
Walking in Indonesian CitiesProf. Leksmono Suryo Putranto
IndII National Advisor for IURSP
Workshop #3 IURSP
Bandung, 12-13 February 2015
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Minister of Public Work Regulation No. 03/PRT/M/2014 on Guidelines on Provision and Use of Urban Pedestrian FacilitiesvsDirectore General of Highways RegulationNo. 76/KPTS/Db/1999 on Guidelines on Pedestrian Facilities Planning on Public Road
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Minimum Standard of Side Walk
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Longitudinal Gradient and Transversal Slopes
•Maximum longitudinal gradient is 8% with maximum length of 9m followed by at least 1.2 m flat surface.
• Transversal slope is between 2% and 4%
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Standard Width of Pedestrian Facilities
Land Use Minimum Width (m) Suggested width (m)
Residential 1.6 2.75
Office 2.0 3.00
Industry 2.0 3.00
School 2.0 3.00
Bus Station/ Bus Stop 2.0 3.00
Shopping/ Recreation 2.0 4.00
Bridge/ Underpass 1.0 1.00
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Side Walk Adjacent to Bicycle Lane
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Walkability in Yogyakarta (Rahmah, 2012)
•Most obstacles in side walks were illegal parkings, electricity/telephone poles and potted plants.
•Most pedestrian felt anxious when crossing the roads because high traffic volume, high traffic speeds and indiscipline drivers/ riders.
•Most pedestrian felt reluctan to use zebra cross because this facility was rarely found and required additional walking to cross the road.
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Yogya People’s Expectation (Rahmah, 2012)
• Minimum side walk width of 1.5 m to accomodate two way pedestrian.
• Accessibility for pedestrian with disability.
• Accessibility for elderly pedestrian (flat side walk).
• Obstacles (including from hawkers) should be minimized.
• Shading from trees are required to encourage walking.
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Problems for People Using Wheel Chair
• Abrupt change of surface elevation such as stairs and side ditch.
• Availability of ramp from road to side walk.
• Limited space to make turn.
• Uneven road or sidewalk surface.
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Problems of People with Physical Disabilities
• High stairs
• Slippery side walks
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Problems of Blind People
• Obstacles (trees, poles, oppened window).
• Availibality/Poor provision of guiding blocks.
• Unclear audio instructions in pedestrian crossing.
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Problems of Deaf People
• Can not hear oral information in terminal/ bus stop.
• Can not hear audio warning such as car horn or sound of moving vehicles.
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Problems of People with Mental Disabilities
Difficulties to find destination address in unfamiliar neighborhoods
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Children Crossing Behaviour in Iran (Tabibi and Pfefer, 2014). Objective and Method
• The aims of the research were to investigate the effect of distractors on the pedestrian skills of children and adults.
• The pedestrian skill of deciding when it is safe to cross a road (decision-making skill) was assessed by a computer-presented simulated pedestrian task.
• The pedestrian skills of Grade 2, Grade 4 and Grade 6 children and adults were assessed in three conditions, without distractors, with on-screen distractors and with off-screen distractors.
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Children Crossing Behaviour in Iran (Tabibi and Pfefer, 2014). Distractors
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Children Crossing Behaviour in Iran (Tabibi and Pfefer, 2014). Results (1)
• Off-road distractors, whether visual or auditory, increased the starting-delay of all age groups.
• No significant difference between off-road-visual and off-road-auditory distractors for any age group except for Grade 6 children.
• Off-road-auditory distractors increased starting-delay more than off-road-visual distractors for Grade 6 children.
• Off-road and on-road distractors increased the number of missed opportunities for Grade 2 children.
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Children Crossing Behaviour in Iran (Tabibi and Pfefer, 2014). Results (2)
• On-road distractors increased the number of missed opportunities of Grade 4 and Grade 6 children.
• The increase was greater for Grade 6 children.
• The number of unsafe crossings was higher in the condition without distractors.
• Overall, decision-making skills were vulnerable to distractors.
• The degree of vulnerability differed depending on age and the specific measures of pedestrian skill.
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Children Crossing Behaviour in Iran (Tabibi and Pfefer, 2014). Starting Delay
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Printed Materials Available for Children/ Parents Traffic Safety Education
• For children 3-5 years old
• For children 6-8 years old
• For children 9-11 years old
• Parental guide for 3-5 years old children
• Parental guide for 6-8 years old children
• Parental guide for 9-11 years old children
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Socialization Materials for 3-5 Years Old
• Actually the basic materials are the same for all age groups.
• However in for the older age groups, feed back from children are gathered using more complicated method.
• In some cases there are additional materials.
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Crossing Facilities
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Holding Hands while Crossing
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Crossing Procedure (1)
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Crossing Procedure (2)
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Safe Crossing Facilities
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Unsafe Crossing Location
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Side Walks
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Unsafe On-Road Activities
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Safe Off-Road and On-Road Activities
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Recommended Colour of Clothing
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Walking in the Rain
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Alighting from Public Transport
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Safe or Unsafe Outdoor Activities?
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Additional Material for 6-8 Years Old Children
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Railway Crossing (6-8 Years Old Material)
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First Aid (6-8 Years Old Material)
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Additional Material for 9-11 Years Old Children
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Road Signs (9-11 Years Old Materials)