war, ecology and intelligence

7/29/2019 War, Ecology and Intelligence

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/war-ecology-and-intelligence 1/7

Pof wmrs ne Mliomenstme me` tof wdr` ‟fadcdiy„

omvf bdto bffe mrdue` ldr mbdut tof smhf cfeito dl

tnhf% Pof Ventf` Qtmtfs nevm`f` Mliomenstme ne

2::=# but m hdrf maaurmtf `mtnei dl V%Q% nevdcvf(

hfet ne odstncntnfs wduc` bf tof Qdvnft nevmsnde dl

=>9> /tof V%Q% lue`f̀ tof dppdsntnde.% Me` tomt wmr

wms netnhmtfcy rfcmtf` td tof Brntnso nevmsndes dl Ml(

iomenstme# wonao wfrf sfrnmc fvfets# daaurrnei ne

=?1?# =?9?# me` =>=>% Podsf `mtfs brmagft tof ne(

vfetnde dl tof wdr` fadcdiy# wonao wms adnef` by

tof Ifrhme bndcdinst Frest Omfagfc ne =?<<# wofe

of `flnef` nt ms –tof sanfeaf dl tof rfcmtndesonp dl tof

drimensh td tof fevnrdehfet%‘ Pof wdr` `frnvfs

lrdh tof Irffg dngds# odusf /dr by fxtfesnde# fmrto.#„

me` cdiy# ‟tof stu`y dl%„ Me` woncf wmr ns edtonei

efw td ouhmegne`# tof ue`frstme`nei tomt wf cnvf ne

m tniotcy wdvfe fadcdinamc wfb dl rfcmtndesonps wnto

dtofr cnlf de tof fmrto ns sdhftonei efw%

Def idd` fxmhpcf dl dur ouhme `fpfe`feaf de

tons wfb dl cnlf ns tof mthdspofrf% Adesn`fr tons

woncf ydu tmgf ydur efxt brfmto; tof mthdspofrf ns

2=& dxyife me` 9>& entrdife# me` efntofr wduc` bf

prfsfet nl nt wfrf edt ldr tof ede(ouhme ldrhs dl cnlftomt mrf adestmetcy puhpnei tofsf imsfs dut netd tof

sgy% Pof dxyife ns cnbfrmtf` by pcmets# prdtnsts me`

bmatfrnm ms tofy `d tofnr tonei‐wonao ns

podtdsyetofsns‐me` tof entrdife ims ns rfcfmsf` by

bmatfrnm ne tof sdnc% Qd# ed pcmets# ed prdtnsts# ed pfd(

pcf# nt„s tomt snhpcf%

Gffpnei tof fmrto suntmbcf ldr cnlf ame bf m acnll(

omeinei mllmnr% Ldr fxmhpcf# tof sue oms irdwe 26&

hdrf cuhnedus dvfr tof mpprdxnhmtfcy 0 bnccnde

yfmrs dl cnlf de fmrto# but tof pcmeft oms edt irdwe

mpprfanmbcy wmrhfr% Cnlf oms dvfr tomt tnhf netfrmat(

f` wnto ntsfcl me` tof poysnamc fevnrdehfet‐

fadcdiy‐td mctfr tof aofhnstry dl tof mthdspofrf

suao tomt nt rftmnes cfss ofmt% Cnlf drninemtf` ne tof

sfm# but aocdrn`f ndes /smct. oms bffe rueenei netd tof

sfm ldr ldur bnccnde yfmrs% By tof snhpcf rucfs dl

aofhnstry# sfm wmtfr soduc` omvf idttfe tdd smcty ldr

cnlf td fxnst mltfr decy ?:: hnccnde yfmrs# but nt `nè„t%

Yofrf `n` tof smct id4 Nt cfmvfs tof wmtfr ms sf`n(

hfets# me` ns trmppf` ne hmssnvf fvmpdrmtnvf `fpds(

nts% Rmneldrfsts wduc` edt fxnst ms tofy `d fxafpt

tomt tofy nearfmsf tof rmne tomt lmccs ne tofnr fevnrde(

hfet by 6:& dvfr tof purfcy ifd(poysnamc mhduet

ùf td hmssnvf fvmpd(trmespnrmtnde torduio tof trffs%

Adenlfr ldrfsts feomeaf tof cnlf(suppdrtnei ampmanty

dl tofnr edrtofre omuets by sof``nei sedw `dwe bf(

cdw tofnr tmpfrf` brmeaofs me` `mrg eff`cfs# wonao

Ymr# Fadcdiy# me` Fhfrinei Netfccnifeafby @mem \nsmccn

Empmchnei m vnccmif ne E% Gdrfm ùrnei tof Gdrfme Ymr% <::#:::tdes dl empmch wfrf `rdppf`# me mvfrmif dl 26:#::: cbs m `my

Qfarft bdhbnei dl Amhbd`nm ùrnei tof \nftemh Ymr7 2%9 tdes dl

bdhbs wfrf `rdppf`# hdrf tome tof VQ `rdppf` ne mcc dl YYNN%

B(62 bdhbnei dl Mliomenstme ne 2::= mt tof stmrt dl tof aurrfet

tfe(yfmr(cdei wmr%



tofe mbsdrb ofmt huao hdrf rmpn`cy ne tof sprnei tome

m rflcfatnvf sedw advfr wduc`%

Ms tofsf fxmhpcfs nccustrmtf# cnlf hd`frmtfs tof

poysnamc fevnrdehfet td hmgf nt hdrf lmvdrmbcf ldr

cnlf% Pons ns woy# ne spntf dl sdhf hmkdr emturmc `nsms(

tfrs torduio onstdry‐cngf bfnei ont by m hmssnvf mstfr(

dn` <6 hnccnde yfmrs mid((cnlf de fmrto oms irdwe

nearfmsneicy `nvfrsf me` adhpcfx dvfr tnhf% Pons ns

mcsd woy @mrwne fe`f` ons trfmtnsf de fvdcutnde# De

Pof Drnine dl Qpfanfs# ne tons wmy; –Pofrf ns irme`fur

ne tons vnfw dl cnlf…% lrdh sd snhpcf m bfineenei

fe`cfss ldrhs hdst bfmutnluc me` hdst wde`frluc omvf

bffe# me` mrf bfnei# fvdcvf`%‘

Ouhmes mcc dvfr tof pcmeft mrf aurrfetcy rfvfrsnei

tons meanfet fvdcutndemry prdafss dl nearfmsnei

bndcdinamc rnaoefss dvfr tnhf# me` tofrf ns ed bfttfr

fxmhpcf dl tons lmat tome tof sntumtnde ne Mliomenstme%

Yofe tof lnrst memtdhnamccy hd`fre ouhmes rfmaof`

Mliomenstme mbdut <:#::: yfmrs mid# tof cme`sampf wms

vfry `nllfrfet tome nt ns td`my% Mraomfdcdinamc stu`nfs

rfvfmc tomt# mt cfmst uetnc 2::: BAF# tof tfrrntdry dl td(

`my)s Mliomenstme wms pmrtnmccy advfrf` wnto af`mr

ldrfsts# wonao wduc` omvf rfayacf` prfanpntmtnde

torduio fvmpd(trmespnrmtnde me` ldrhf` wmtfr(rftmne(

nei hucao me` som`f de tof irdue`‐hmgnei tof fevn(

rdehfet hdrf suntmbcf ldr cnlf% Ldrfst cdss wms

nentnmtf` 1::: yfmrs mid wnto tof m`vfet dl nrde

tddcs# but nt ns pdpucmtnde irdwto me` rfafet wmrs

tomt oms efmrcy frm`namtf` tofh7 td`my decy =%6&

dl tof cme` oms mey trff advfr% Yofe def vnsnts

Mliomenstme td`my# def ns nhprfssf` by tof qumetn(

ty dl rdags‐tofrf ns cnttcf vfiftmtnde cflt ne tof

aduetry% Pons prdafss dl fadcdinamc `famy oms ade(

tneuf` torduio tof tfe yfmrs dl tof V%Q% wmr ne Ml(iomenstme# wonao bfime wnto B(62 bdhbnei rmn`s

dvfr vmrndus pmrts dl tof aduetry ne 2::=%

Yf toneg dl wmr ms ‟pdcntnas by medtofr emhf#„

m hfmes dl rfsdcvnei `nsputfs bftwffe pfdpcf%

But tofrf ns medtofr sn`f td wmr# me` tomt ns vnd(

cfeaf pfrpftumtf` de tof fmrto ntsfcl% Pof Ventf`

Qtmtfs `rdppf` mbdut twd hnccnde tdes dl bdhbs ne

Ydrc` Ymr NN% Yoncf tofsf fxpcdsnvfs wfrf mnhf`

mt ouhme tmrifts# tofy mcc cme`f` de me` `mhmif`

tof fmrto% Decy lnvf yfmrs mltfr tof fe` dl tomt wmr#

wf `rdppf` <::#::: tdes dl huentndes de Gdrfm#ms wfcc ms medtofr <::#::: tdes dl empmch% M yfmr

mltfr tof fe` dl tof Gdrfme wmr /=>61. wf wfrf

hncntmrncy feimif` ne \nftemh# wofrf dvfr tof

adursf dl twfety yfmrs wf `rdppf` sfvfe hnccnde

tdes dl bdhbs /adesn`frmbcy hdrf tome ne YYNN.

me` 0::#::: tdes dl empmch# ms wfcc ms sprmynei

snx hnccnde marfs dl trdpnamc ldrfst me` ardpcme`

wnto tfrmtdifena me` amranedifena ̀ fldcnmet /tof

sprmynei prdirmh# Dpfrmtnde Rmeao Ome`# om` m

hdttd; –Decy ydu ame prfvfet ldrfsts‘.% Mt tof

smhf tnhf# ms sdhftonei dl m sn`fsodw# wf mcsd

Mrfms dl trdpnamc ldrfst sprmyf` wnto Mifet Drmeif me` dtofr `fldcnmets

by tof VQ `urnei tof \nftemh Ymr% Pons wms ne m``ntnde td bdhbnei%

Hmp sodwnei tof mrfms dl sfarft amrpft bdhbnei dl Cmds `urnei

tof \nftemh Ymr% 1 hnccnde tdes dl bdhbs wfrf `rdppf`%

2



bdhbf` Amhbd`nm /2%9 hnccnde tdes dl bdhbs# = hnc(

cnde imccdes dl `fldcnmet. me` Cmds /1 hnccnde tdes dl

bdhbs# = hnccnde imccdes dl `fldcnmet.% Pofsf wfrf

wmrs edt kust mimnest ouhme fefhnfs /hdstcy nhpdvfr(

nsof` rnaf lmrhfrs. but mimnest sdhf dl rnaofst fadsys(

tfhs de tof pcmeft# me` mimnest tof cnlf(sustmnenei

ampmanty dl tof bndspofrf%

Ymr oms bfadhf m wmy dl cnlf ldr tof Ventf` Qtmtfs%

Dur aduetry lue`f` tof anvnc wmrs ne Afetrmc Mhfrnam ne

tof =>9:s me` =>?:s /Iumtfhmcm# Fc Qmcvm`dr# Enamrm(

ium.# lue`f` tof hukmon`ffe lniotnei mimnest tof Rus(

snmes ne tof =>9>(=>?> wmr wnto Mliomenstme# lue`f`

bdto sn`fs ne tof =>?:(=>?? Nrme(Nrmq wmr# me` tofe ne

=>>: wfet bmag td wmr dursfcvfs# wnto Nrmq# wnto Ml(

iomenstme ne 2::=# me` tofe nentnmtf` m advfrt wmr wnto

Zmgnstme ne 2::0% Ms \nftemh vftfrme Hngf Omstnf db(sfrvf`# –Pof Ventf` Qtmtfs ns m ede(stdp gnccnei

hmaonef%‘2 Pons aduetry mcsd hmnetmnes m euacfmr mrsf(

emc dl 9::: oy`rdife bdhbs# hmey tnhfs hdrf tome

feduio td `fstrdy tof hmkdrnty dl cnlf de fmrto%

Bfamusf Mhfrname wmr(hmgnei ns sd pfrsnstfet me`

pfrvmsnvf# me` bfamusf fvfry bdhb tomt ns `rdppf`#

woftofr nt bf de Gdrfm dr \nftemh dr Mliomenstme# ne

tof fe` lmccs de tof fmrto# tof rfmcnzmtnde scdwcy `mwes

tomt tons uefe`nei miirfssnde ns matumccy m wmr mimnest

tof fmrto ntsfcl% Pof Ventf` Qtmtfs oms `rdppf`

=6#:::#::: tdes‐tomt„s 1:#:::#:::#::: /tonrty bnccnde.

pdue`s‐dl bdhbs de tof pcmeft„s fadsystfhs ne tof

cmst <: yfmrs# mcdei wnto =#:::#::: tdes dl empmch# wnto

mt cfmst 2:#:::#::: imccdes dl `fldcnmets sprmyf` de rmne(

ldrfsts me` ardps wnto tof netfetnde dl `fstrdynei tofh%

Pof nrdey ns tomt tof cnlf sustmnenei qumcntnfs dl tof fmrto

mrf tof vfry sduraf dl ouhme cnlf% Pof ouhme bd`y ns

hm`f up prnhmrncy dl dxyife# amrbde# oy`rdife me`

entrdife# me` tofsf mrf fcfhfets mrf `frnvf` lrdh tof

ifdcdinamccy( me` bndcdinamccy(`rnvfe ayacfs dl tof fmrto

me` sgy% Qd ne m sdhfwomt pdftna but stncc sanfetnl(

na sfesf# tof fmrto ns dur hdtofr7 wf fhfrif` lrdh

tof pcmeft„s fvdcutndemry amuc`rde me` td tof fmrto

wf somcc rfture%

Yoy mcc tof vndcfeaf mimnest tof fmrto# tof

sduraf dl dur cnvfs4 Hmcf hmhhmcs omvf me neofr(

fet urif ldr pdwfr# me` ouhmes omvf me neofrfet

lfmr dl `fmto% Pof ifeftnamccy(neùaf` fhdtndes

rfcmtf` td tofsf pmssndes hmy bf tof subadesandus

ldrafs tomt mrf `rnvnei dur `yslueatndemc me` sfcl(

`fstruatnvf miirfssnvf bfomvndr%

Netfccnifeaf‐tof wdr` `frnvfs lrdh Cmtne

rddts hfmenei ‟td aoddsf bftwffe#„ me` ns `flnef`

ms ‟tof ampmanty td toneg rmtndemccy# pfrafnvf womt ns

truf# me` rfspde` suaafssluccy td efw sntumtndes„‐

ns sdhftonei efw de tof pcmeft% Nt wms snx hnccnde

yfmrs ne tof hmgnei# ne tof sfesf tomt brmne snzf oms

nearfmsf` dvfr tomt cfeito dl tnhf lrdh 0:: aa

/aubna afetnhftfrs. ne dur adhhde meafstdr wnto

aonhpmezffs# td =1:: aa td`my% Cngf fvfrytonei

tomt fxnsts ne tof bndcdinamc wdrc`# netfccnifeaf ns

fhfrifet7 ldrhfrcy nt `n` edt fxnst# edw nt `dfs‐mt

cfmst by `firffs% Bfamusf nt ns fhfrifet# nt mppfmrs

prdirfssnvfcy# m cnttcf mt m tnhf# cngf m smcmhme`fr

amutnduscy fhfrinei lrdh m huòdcf% Ldr fxmhpcf#

tof hd`fre brmne ampmanty dl =1:: aa wms rfmaof`

2::#::: yfmrs mid# but tofrf wms ed `nsafrembcf

aomeif ne ouhme bfomvndr uetnc 0:#::: yfmrs mid%

Mt tomt pdnet# ouhme tddc(hmgnei mbncntnfs bfime td

rmpn`cy nhprdvf# me` bdto mrt me` husnamc mbncnty

mppfmr ne tof mraofdcdinamc rfadr`%

Yoncf ouhme netfccnifeaf ns aucturmccy trmeshnt(

tf`# decy ne`nvnùmcs ame fxpfrnfeaf me` fxprfss nt7

nt ns edt m hmss hdvfhfet pofedhfede%

Netfccnifeaf‐ne pmrt )tof ampmanty td pfrafnvf womt

M irmpona ne`namtnei tof bdhbnei dl Nrmq ùrnei tof Qfade` Nrmq Ymr ne

2::1% Hdst dl tof aduetry)s sdanmc nelrmstruaturf edt `fstrdyf` ne tofIucl Ymr wms `fstrdyf` ne tons def =2 yfmrs cmtfr%

Hmp sodwnei tof mrfms dl Zmgnstme ont by rdbdt `rdef strngfs%

2::' `rdef hnssncfs omvf gnccf` dvfr 2::: pfdpcf sneaf 2::0%

1



ns truf)‐tmgfs adurmif# bfamusf wofe wf bfadhf

ampmbcf dl pfrafnvnei fvfe rfcmtnvf trutos wf mcsd

ue`frstme` tomt huao dl womt wf wfrf prdirmhhf`

td bfcnfvf ne aonc`odd` ns lmcsf% Pof aduetfrpdnet td

tons stmtfhfet ns tomt suaauhbnei td lfmr neonbnts tof

`fvfcdphfet dl netfccnifeaf%

Netfccnifeaf ns mcsd ‟tof ampmanty td toneg rmtnd(emccy me` rfspde` suaafssluccy td efw sntumtndes%„

Fe`cfss wmr me` pfrvmsnvf miirfssnde mimnest tof

fmrto ns sdhftonei efw# euacfmr wfmpdes mrf efw%

Dur ue`frstme`nei dl fadcdiy ns efw% Ns nt me mat dl

netfccnifeaf td pfrsnstfetcy mttmag me` `firm`f tof

netfradeefatf` wfb dl cnlf tomt hmgfs dur dwe fxns(

tfeaf pdssnbcf4 Ns nt netfccnifet td bunc` todusme`s dl

euacfmr wfmpdes dl wmr# fmao dl wonao ame cmy

wmstf td vmst swmtos dl tof fmrto„s fadsystfhs# me`

nl usf` adccfatnvfcy ame `fstrdy hdst cnlf de fmrto4

Pof acnll(omeinei fcfhfet dl tof aurrfet `rmhm

ns tomt tof vfry pfdpcf wod mrf rniot mt tof ausp dl

adhprfofe`nei tof `ffp fadcdinamc bmsns dl dur fxns(

tfeaf mrf aurrfetcy spfe`nei tofnr fetnrf cnvfs lue`(

nei me` dtofrwnsf suppdrtnei wmr me` tof mttfe`met

`fstruatnde dl tof bndspofrf% Pof aurrfet lfmr(`rnv(

fe hd`fc dl ftfremc wmr hmgfs m hdagfry dl tof

cnvfs dl todsf wod mrf `rmwe td cnvf me netfccnifet

fxnstfeaf# but ne lmat lne` mcc dl tofnr rfsdurafs bfnei

stdcfe by tof mcpom hmcfs dl tof `dhnemet pmrm`nih

dl pdwfr me` miirfssnde% Nt ns lfmr tomt odc`s tofh

ne tofnr aurrfet pdsntnde dl subhnssnde# me` lfmr tomt

edw torfmtfes td uermvfc tof adhpcfx fvdcutndemry

wfb dl cnlf% M pdsntnvf dutadhf td tons r̀mhm ns de(

cy pdssnbcf nl todsf wod omvf tof hfetmc ampmanty td

mat de tof nesniots bdre dl tofnr netfccnifeaf `d sd

nhhf`nmtfcy% @d wf wmet td spfe` dur fetnrf cnvfs

lue`nei oy`rdife bdhbs# tof pdwfr lmetmsnfs dl `ys(

lueatndemc hmcfs# me` tof prdirfssnvf `fstruatnde dl

tof bndspofrf# dr `d wf wmet td stfp dutsn`f dl dur

lrniotfef` sfcvfs td bfadhf wmrrndrs ldr tof fmrto4

Yomt ns nt ydu pcme td `d wnto ydur def wnc` me` prf(

andus cnlf4=

@mem \nsmccn ns m prdlfssndemc bdtmenst me` me drime(

na hmrgft imr f̀efr ne Ymsoneitde Qtmtf% Of rf`n(

rfats ons lnemeanmc rfsdurafs mwmy lrdh wmr me`

tdwmr` cnlf(sustmnenei fe`fmvdrs bfamusf nt sffhs

cngf tof netfccnifet tonei td `d% Hdrf dl ons rfm`nei

hmtfrnmc ns mvmncmbcf mt www%hftodwemturmcnst%adh #

of ame bf rfmaof` mt `memJhftodweft%adh Ldr

wmr tmx rflusmc sff www%ewtraa%dri

=% Pons adeacu`nei sfetfeaf ns lrdh Hmry Dcnvfr„s pdfh‟Pof Quhhfr @my%„

Pof Quhhfr @my

Hmry Dcnvfr

Yod hm`f tof wdrc`4

Yod hm`f tof swme# me` tof bcmag bfmr4Yod hm`f tof irmssodppfr4

Pons irmssodppfr N hfme‐

tof def wod oms lcuei ofrsfcl dut dl tof irmss#tof def wod ns fmtnei suimr dut dl hy ome`#

wod ns hdvnei ofr kmws bmag me` ldrto nestfm` dl up me`

`dwe‐

Edw sof cnlts ofr pmcf ldrfmrhs me` todrduiocy wmsofs ofr lmaf%

Edw sof semps ofr wneis dpfe# me` lcdmts mwmy%N `de„t gedw fxmatcy womt m prmyfr ns%N `d gedw odw td pmy mttfetnde# odw td lmcc `dwe

netd tof irmss# odw td geffc `dwe ne tof irmss#

odw td bf n`cf me` bcfssf`# odw td strdcc torduio tof lnfc`s#wonao ns womt N omvf bffe `dnei mcc `my%

Pfcc hf# womt fcsf soduc` N omvf `def4

@dfse„t fvfrytonei `nf mt cmst# me` tdd sdde4

Pfcc hf# womt ns nt ydu pcme td `dwnto ydur def wnc` me` prfandus cnlf4

2% V%Q% Hncntmry Nhpmat de Zcmeft me` Zfdpcf

Zoncnppnefs+ /=??>(=>:2.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf`; 22:#::: /==.

YYN+ /=>=0(=>=?.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf`; =< hnccnde ' 2= hnccnde wdue`f` /=2.

Pdtmc mccnf` bdhb tdeemif; =<#::: tdes /1<.

YYNN+ /=>1>(=>06.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf`; 9: hnccnde /=1. ' 5=:: hnccnde wdue`f`/fxtrmpdcmtnde dl ̀ mtm.

Pdtmc mccnf` bdhb tdeemif; 2%9 hnccnde tdes# tdtmc VQ bdhbs

=%< hnccnde tdes /1<.

V%Q% bdhbnei dl Mliomenstme ne 2::=%

0



Mtdhna bdhbs; 2# gnccnei mbdut 2::#::: nhhf`nmtfcy me`

medtofr 2::#::: dvfr tnhf

Pdtmc Empmch; Vegedwe but adesn`frmbcf

Gdrfm+ /prfwmr =>06(=>6:# Gdrfme Ymr =>6:(=>61.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf` ne tof prf(wmr nesurifeay; =::#::: /=6#Yontf# lrdh Aodhsgy , Auhneis# mvfrminei.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf` ne tof wmr; 2%6 hnccnde Gdrfmes# ¸ hnccnde

Aonefsf# 1<#::: Mhfrnames /==.Bdhb tdeemif; 1?<#::: tdes# tdtmc ldr mcc huentndes <>?#:::

tdes

Empmch; <::#::: tdes# mbdut 26:#::: cb pfr `my

@fldcnmet; hdstcy tof mbdvf(hfetndef` empmch%Rfluiffs `urnei wmr; ? hnccnde /rfl !66 ' uehfetndef` rflu(

iffs ne Edrto Gdrfm lrdh urbme bdhbnei.

\nftemh+ /prf(wmr =>06(=>66# \nftemh Ymr =>66(=>96.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf` =st Ne`daonem Ymr; /=>06(=>60. =#:::#:::

/cmrifcy lue`f` by tof V%Q%# lduiot by tof Lrfeao. /<=.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf` 2e` Ne`daonem Ymr /=>60(=>96.; 6%= hnc(

cnde /<2.

Pdtmc VQ bdhb tdeemif; 9 hnccnde tdes /=>.Pdtmc VQ acustfr bdhbcfts `rdppf`; >9 hnccnde /6>.

Empmch; 0::#::: tdes

@fldcnmet; 2: hnccnde imccdes /0=.Pdtmc marfs sprmy wnto `fldcnmet; 6 hnccnde marfs dl ldrfst ,

9::#::: marfs dl ardpcme` /0=.

Rfluiffs `urnei tof wmr; 6 hnccnde /61.

Amhbd`nm+ /=><0(=>91.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf`; <::#::: /==. dr 6::#:::(=#:::#::: /0>#Aodhsgy.

Pdtmc VQ bdhb tdeemif; 2%9 hnccnde tdes /mbdut fqumc td VQ

' mccnfs ne mcc YYNN. /=:.

Pdtmc VQ acustfr bdhbcfts `rdppf`; 2< hnccnde /6>. Empmch; M adesn`frmbcf but uegedwe pdrtnde dl tdtmc bdhb

tdeemif

@fldcnmet; = hnccnde imccdesPdtmc marfs sprmy wnto `fldcnmet# empmchf` me` bdhbf`; ¸(=

hnccnde marfs

Rfluiffs; 2 hnccnde />.

Cmds+ /=><0(>91.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf`; 16:#::: /0>.

Pdtmc VQ bdhb tdeemif; 1 hnccnde tdes /hdrf tome VQ ' mc(cnfs ne YYNN.

Pdtmc VQ acustfr bdhbcfts `rdppf`; 29: hnccnde

Empmch; M adesn`frmbcf but uegedwe pdrtnde dl tdtmc bdhbtdeemif

@fldcnmet; = hnccnde imccdes /01.

Pdtmc marfs `fldcnmtf`; =6:#::: /<:.Pdtmc marfs sprmy wnto `fldcnmet# empmchf` me` bdhbf`; ¸ td

= hnccnde

Rfluiffs; = hnccnde /60.

Iumtfhmcm+ /=>60(=>>:.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf` 2::#::: /==.Enamrmium+ /=>9:(=>>:.! dl pfdpcf gnccf` 9?#::: /1?.

Cme`hnefs; =?:#:::

Fc Qmcvm`dr+ /=>9>(=>>2.! dl pfdpcf gnccf`; 96#:::Qfrbnm+ /=>>>.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf`; ~=::: gnccf`# <::: nekurf` /1=.

Pdtmc VQ bdhb tdeemif; <1:: tdesPdtmc VQ acustfr bdhbcfts `rdppf`; 2>6#:::

@fpcftf` Vrmenuh; =: tdes4 /11.

Pdtmc rfluiffs; Mbdut = hnccnde /1>.

Nrmq+ /=>?:(2:==.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf` Nrme(Nrmq Ymr /=>?:(=>??.(9::#:::

/==. Pons wmr wms cmrifcy lue`f` by , wfmpdes sup( pcnf` by tof V%Q%

! dl pfdpcf gnccf`; Lnrst Iucl Ymr /=>>:(=>>=.( =26#:::

/2=.! dl pfdpcf gnccf` by Nrmq Qmeatndes /=>>=(2::1.(

16:#::: /==.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf`; Qfade` Iucl Ymr /2::1(2:==.(

26:#:::(= hnccnde /22.Pdtmc wmr `fmtos =>9>(2:==( =#126#:::

Pdtmc VQ bdhb tdeemif Lnrst Iucl Ymr; ??#6:: tdes

Pdtmc VQ acustfr bdhbcfts `rdppf`; 2: hnccnde /6>. Empmch# Lnrst Iucl wmr; 66#::: imccdes

@fpcftf` Vrmenuh usf` ne Lnrst Iucl Ymr; 12: tdes /26.

Pdtmc VQ bdhb tdeemif Nrmq Ymr;~ ?:#::: tdes /20.Pdtmc VQ acustfr bdhbcfts `rdppf`; 2 hnccnde /6>.

Empmch# Nrmq Ymr; 11:: imccdes

@fpcftf` Vrmenuh usf` ne Nrmq Ymr; =6:: tdes /26.

Fqunvmcfet euhbfr dl dl Onrdsonhm)s ne Nrmq 8 =0#2=?

bdhbs /26.

@fldcnmet# bdto wmrs; qumetnty uegedwe# cfss tome ne QF

Msnm ms hdst dl Nrmq ns `fsfrtRfluiffs; 0%6 hnccnde

Mliomenstme+ /=>9>(2:==.! dl pfdpcf gnccf` =>9>(2::=(( =#?::#::: /==.

! dl pfdpcf gnccf̀ 2::=(2:=:‐1:#::: fstnhmtf` /2?.

Pdtmc VQ bdhb tdeemif; Vegedwe

Pdtmc VQ acustfr bdhbcfts `rdppf`; 20?#::: /6>. Empmch; Vsf` mt bdhbnei dl Pdrm Bdrm ne 2::=

@fpcftf` Vrmenuh; Vegedwe

Cme`hnefs; 6(=: hnccnde aurrfetcy ne tof irdue`Rfluiffs; 12:#::: netfremccy `nspcmaf` sneaf 2::= /6=.

Zmgnstme+ /2::0(2:=:.

! dl `rdef strngfs tdtmc 2::0(2:=:; 2=?! dl pfdpcf gnccf` by `rdefs tdtmc 2::0(2:=:; ~2:::

! dl `rdef strngfs 2::>; 61

! dl pfdpcf gnccf` by `rdefs 2::>; 6::! dl `rdef strngfs 2:=:; =22

! dl pfdpcf gnccf` by `rdefs 2:=:; >>6 /mcc `mtm((0:.

Ync` Ardausfs#

Mliomenstme

6



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