warm-up #23 1. text page 167 #21 list the following in increasing atomic size sn, ag, as, he, cl...
TRANSCRIPT
Warm-Up #23
1. Text page 167 #21List the following in increasing atomic size
Sn, Ag, As, He, Cl
List the following in decreasing ionization energy P, Ni, Si, F, Ba
Why do elements decrease in size as you go across the periodic table.
Homework Review
LIGHT, ENERGY, ELECTRONS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE
Chapter 4 & 5 Review
Light as a Wave
FrequencyWavelengthAmplitudeInterferenceDiffractionC=λν
Practice Problem
Wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional
What is the frequency of light that has a wavelength of 4.275 x 10-7 cm.
The Photoelectric Effect
Energy is related to frequencyHigh frequency=High EnergyLow frequency=Low EnergyMax Planck—Light is carried in quanta
(packets) of energyE=hνEinstein called the quanta photons
Practice Problem
When sodium is heated, a yellow spectral line whose energy is 3.37 x 10-19 J per photon is produced. What is the frequency of this light? What is the wavelength?
Light as a particle and a wave
Hydrogen Line Emission SpectrumBohr’s Solar System ModelLouis de BroglieHeisenbergSchrodingerThe Quantum Mechanical Model
Electron Configurations
Principal Quantum Number—Main Energy Level (1, 2, 3,…)—Floors of office building
Angular Momentum Quantum Number—Sublevels (s, p, d, f)—Offices on the florr
Magnetic Quantum Number—orbitals (arrangement on the three dimensional axis)—desks per floor=n2
Spin Quantum Number—Electrons—2 electrons per orbital—people at the desks--# per floor=2n2
Arrangement Rules
AufbauPauli’s ExclusionHund
Practice Problems
Write the electron configuration, the noble gas notation and orbital diagram for the following Ar Br Al Sn
The Periodic Table
Mendeleev and MoseleyRepeating patterns, properties in groupsVertical groups share physical and chemical
propertiess,p,d,f blocksAlkalai metalsAlkaline earth metalsHalogensNoble gases
Valence Electrons
Outer shell electrons (s and p only)These are the only electrons available to be
gained, lost or sharedLose valence electrons, become positively
charged—cationGain valence electrons, become negatively
charged--anion
Stability
Atoms want to achieve noble gas configurations with full outer levels
Chlorine gains one electron to become like Argon.
Potassium loses one electron to become like Argon.
Periodic Trends
Atomic RadiusIonic RadiusIonization EnergyElectronegativity
Periodicity Activity
Homework—Due Thursday 11/5
Complete Chapter 4 and 5 Review Sheet
Prepare Notebooks
Exam Chapter 4 & 5 on Thursday