Warm-Up #6 4/19/131) Label each Pyramid below.

2) Place the following animals into a food pyramid in order: Squirrel, Tree, Fox Bear.

3) Fill in the 2 missing parts on this diagram.

After the Quiz

Turn it in to Mrs. Ison and get your grade

Put your grade on your grade sheet4/19/13 Ecology and Energy Flow Quiz__

Get out your food Web sheets and answer the questions on the back

Biomes

Ecology-Unit 10Chapter 4

BiomesTerrestrial community with similar temperatures, precipitation, plants, and animals

Each biome has a typical

climate diagram with average

temperatures and precipitation

through the year

Climate GraphThe blue bars show the precipitation by month. The precipitation scale is on the left

The red dots on the curved line show the temperature by month. The temperature scale is on the right.

Biomes

Location determines climate

Climate determines plants presentEx. Cacti have water conserving structures

Plants determine animals presentEx. Cactus eating finches

Location+Climate+Plants+Animals=Biome

0o N latitude

Equator

90o N latitude

North Pole

As latitude and altitude increase, temperature and organism

diversity decreases

Biomes

Tropical Rain Forest

Near EquatorHigh precipitationHigh temperaturesPoor soilHigh diversity of lifeDense trees—canopy Very little light gets to the forest floor!!Sparse grass

Tropical Dry Forest

Central America, Africa, & AsiaVariable precipitation Dry & rainy seasons

Mild temperaturesRich soilModerate diversity of lifeDeciduous trees lose their leaves

Tropical SavannaSouth America, Africa, & AustraliaPrecipitation variableMild temperaturesClay soilModerate diversitySparse treesDense grassesLions, zebras, elephants

DesertAfrica, Asia, Australia, N. America, S. America, Low precipitationVariable temperature Hot days Cold nights

Poor soilModerate diversityNO treesSparse grassesCactus, lizards, small mammals

Animal adaptations: Wide feet to give

stability on sandy ground

Large ears to cool off the body

Camouflage coloring for protection from predators

Plant adaptations: Needle like leaves to

reduce water loss

Hot deserts

Cold desert Antarctica

Temperate Grassland

N. America, Europe, Asia, S. AmericaModerate precipitationHot summersRich soilModerate diversityNO treesDense grassesDeer & buffaloFarmland

Temperate Woodland and Shrubland

West coast of N. & S. America, Mediterranean, AustraliaLow precip in summerModerate precip in winterHot summersPoor soilLow diversityMedium trees-spiny shrubsMedium grassesRodents, lizards, coyote, birds

Temperate ForestEastern N. America, Europe, Japan, AustraliaModerate precipitationModerate summersCold wintersRich soilHigh diversityDense trees-Oak, maple, some conifersSparse grassesFox, deer, bear, squirrel, birds, rabbit

Northwest Coniferous Forest

Pacific NorthwestHigh precipitationMild summerCold winterRocky, acidic soilLow diversityDense trees-Conifers!Sparse grassesDeer, elk, wolves, owls, bears, bobcats

Boreal ForestAlso called TaigaNorthern portions of N. America, Europe, AsiaModerate precipMild summersCold wintersPoor, acidic soilModerate diversityDense trees-conifers!Sparse grassesLynx, moose, wolves

TundraExtreme northern areasLow precipitationShort, wet summersCold wintersPoor soilLow diversityNO treesMedium grassesPermafrostLichens-photosyntheticCaribou, wolves, bear

Aquatic Ecosystems¾ of Earth covered by water3% is freshwater

Ecosystems are determined by:Depth—amount

of lightFlowTemperatureChemistry—

amount of salt

Aquatic Ecosystems

Freshwater Flowing water Standing water Freshwater wetlands

Estuaries—fresh water flows into the ocean, influenced by tides Salt marshes

Chesapeake Bay Mangrove swamps

Florida

Marine Photic Zone—

light penetrates to 200m.

Aphotic Zone—no light penetrates

Other zones: Intertidal Coastal

ocean Coral reefs Open ocean Benthic zone

Ten Major BiomesBiome Precipitation Temperature Soil Diversity Trees Grasses

Tropical Rain Forest

high hot poor high dense sparse

Tropical Dry Forest

variable mild rich moderate medium medium

Tropical Savanna variable mild clay moderate sparse dense

Desert low variable poor moderate sparse sparse

Temperate Grassland

moderate summer hot rich moderate absent dense

Temperate woodland and Shrubland

summer low, winter moderate

summer hot poor low medium medium

Temperate Forest

moderate summer moderate, winter cold

rich high dense sparse

Northwestern Coniferous Forest

high summer mild, winter cold

rocky, acidic

low dense sparse

Boreal Forest moderate summer mild, winter cool

poor, acidic moderate dense sparse

Tundra low summer mild, winter cold

poor low absent medium