warm up: key terms polis (p. 129) acropolis (p. 129) agora (p. 129) helots (p. 130) hoplites (p....
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Kick OffSeptember 12, 2013Analyze the map on page 126, and read the paragraph.
Then, answer questions 1 and 2 in your notebook. You do not have to write the question – but you must answer in complete sentences!
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Chapter 5.1Early Greece and the
Classical Age
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Objectives: Day 13, 9/12/13Understand how the location of the
Minoan and Mycenaean peoples shaped their civilizations
Analyze how war and democracy shaped societies in ancient Greece
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Linear A script of the Minoans (1700 – 1550 BC)100 symbols, each representing a syllable
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Minoans and MycenaeansMinoans developed on Crete ~3,000
B.C.ELife based on sea
Sailing, trading, fishingWriting system - Linear A
Still can’t read itCivilization declined rapidly
Natural disaster
Mycenaeans were considered first GreeksSpoke a form of Greek languageTraded w/ Minoans and copied their writingDominated by intense warfare and
powerful kings Trojan War
Dark age followed their downfall
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Greek City-StatesPolis: city-state, basic
political unit in GreeceCenter of daily life and
cultureBuilt around high area
called acropolisAgora was public market
place where people did business
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The Might of SpartaOne of the mightiest city-
states in GreeceEmphasis on war and orderBabies examined for strength
at birthBoys trained for combat
At age 20 became hoplites (foot soldiers)
Women played important roleTrained in physical fitnessRight to own property
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Gods and HeroesBelieved in hundreds of gods
and goddesses12 Gods of Olympus
particularly importantNot perfect, human-like
Told myths about heroesHubris (great pride) brought
many to their deaths
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Athenian DemocracyFirst in the world
With its invention came Classical Age
Not always democratic cityPeisistratus: tyrant (strongman
who seized power by force)Cleisthenes: reformer, set
stage for democracy Divided Athens into 10 tribes for
elections Created Council of 500 (made
laws)
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Nature of Athenian DemocracyOnly free male Athenians over
the age of 20 who completed military training could voteExpected to participate fully
Direct Democracy: all people vote directly on an issue
Assembly, Council of 500, CourtsArchon: head of Assembly and
Council of 500
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Persian WarsIonians fell under Persian rule
in 500s B.C.E.Rebelled in 499 B.C.E.Revolt failed, Darius wanted to
punish Athens for helpingFirst Persian Invasion, 490
B.C.E.Greeks defeated Persians at
MarathonSecond Persian Invasion
Persians slowed at ThermopylaeBattle of Salamis – Greeks win
Greeks win Persian Wars
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The Golden Age of AthensAthens rebuilt after burning
from Persian WarsAge of Pericles
Skillful politician, gifted public speaker
Champion of democracyBuilt Parthenon
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The Peloponnesian WarDelian League: Alliance of city
states controlled by AthensPeloponnesian League: group
of city-states headed by SpartaAthens and Sparta declared
war in 431 B.C.E.Sparta defeated Athens in 404
B.C.E.Sparta badly strained, could
not maintain control of Greece
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The OdysseyPage 133Answer Skills Focus questions 1 and 2 in your
notebook.
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Ticket out the DoorAlthough Athens was considered a
democracy in ancient times, it had features that a citizen of the US today would consider undemocratic. Explain two features of the Athenian government that would be considered undemocratic and two features that would be considered democratic today.