warm up what were germany’s goals in wwii? what were germany’s goals in wwii? what began wwii...
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Warm UpWarm Up
What were Germany’s goals in WWII?What were Germany’s goals in WWII? What began WWII for Germany?What began WWII for Germany?
What were Italy’s goals in WWII?What were Italy’s goals in WWII? What began WWII for Italy?What began WWII for Italy?
What were Japan’s goals in WWII?What were Japan’s goals in WWII? What began WWII for Japan?What began WWII for Japan?
World War IIWorld War IIDay 1 – Lightening Day 1 – Lightening
WarWar
A. Invasion of PolandA. Invasion of Poland
September 1, 1939September 1, 1939 Blitzkrieg – lightening warBlitzkrieg – lightening war
Airplanes and tanksAirplanes and tanks Massive bombing of WarsawMassive bombing of Warsaw Massive infantry invasion (1.5 million Massive infantry invasion (1.5 million
German soldiers)German soldiers)
A. Invasion of PolandA. Invasion of Poland
A. Invasion of PolandA. Invasion of Poland
A. Invasion of PolandA. Invasion of Poland
German bombers flew 1,150 sorties (missions) and destroyed 84% of Warsaw Incendiary (fire) bombs used
Winston ChurchillWinston Churchill
B. Tripartite / Axis PactB. Tripartite / Axis Pact
September 27, 1940 - signed in BerlinSeptember 27, 1940 - signed in Berlin
Germany – Adolph Hitler
Italy – Foreign Minister Galeazzo Ciano
Japan – Ambassador Saburo Kurusu
C. Soviet AggressionC. Soviet Aggression
September 17, 1939 – Soviet troops September 17, 1939 – Soviet troops occupy eastern Polandoccupy eastern Poland
Annexation (take over) of Latvia, Annexation (take over) of Latvia, Lithuania, and EstoniaLithuania, and Estonia
November 1939 – Soviets invade November 1939 – Soviets invade FinlandFinland
C. Soviet AggressionC. Soviet Aggression
C. Soviet AggressionC. Soviet Aggression
Finland surrenders by March 1940
D. “Phony War” EndsD. “Phony War” Ends
April 9, 1940 – Hitler invades April 9, 1940 – Hitler invades Denmark and NorwayDenmark and Norway Demark surrenders in 4 hoursDemark surrenders in 4 hours Norway surrenders in 2 monthsNorway surrenders in 2 months
D. “Phony War” EndsD. “Phony War” Ends May 1940 - May 1940 -
Hitler attacks Netherlands, Belgium, and Hitler attacks Netherlands, Belgium, and LuxembourgLuxembourg Goal : FranceGoal : France
1. Describe the cartoon.
2. What countries are involved in the cartoon?
3. What is the cartoonist trying to say?
E. Evacuation from E. Evacuation from DunkirkDunkirk
May 26 – June 4, 1940 - May 26 – June 4, 1940 - 850 ships rescue 338,000 French soldiers 850 ships rescue 338,000 French soldiers Air coverage from the RAFAir coverage from the RAF Heavy German bombingHeavy German bombing
World War IIWorld War IIDay 2 – France and Day 2 – France and
BritainBritain
A. France SurrendersA. France Surrenders June 1940 – France surrendersJune 1940 – France surrenders
Nazi control
“Vichy France” under Henri Petain
A. France SurrendersA. France Surrenders
A. France SurrendersA. France Surrenders June 1940 – France surrendersJune 1940 – France surrenders
A. France SurrendersA. France Surrenders Charles de Gaulle in London – Charles de Gaulle in London –
government in exilegovernment in exile
A. France SurrendersA. France Surrenders French French
Resistance Resistance French French
UndergroundUnderground
B. Battle of BritainB. Battle of Britain Operation Sea LionOperation Sea Lion
Hitler wanted to successfully invade Hitler wanted to successfully invade Britain (hadn’t happened since 1066)Britain (hadn’t happened since 1066)
Goal: knock out the RAF and then invade Goal: knock out the RAF and then invade with 250,000 soldierswith 250,000 soldiers
4,500 planes in the Luftwaffe, 2,900 in the RAF4,500 planes in the Luftwaffe, 2,900 in the RAF
B. Battle of BritainB. Battle of Britain ResistanceResistance
Cracking EnigmaCracking Enigma RADARRADAR
B. Battle of BritainB. Battle of Britain
British propagandaBritish propaganda
British propagandaBritish propaganda
C. US Gets involvedC. US Gets involved
Destroyer DealDestroyer Deal (September 2, 1940)- (September 2, 1940)- FDR transferred 50 old-model, four-FDR transferred 50 old-model, four-funnel destroyers left over from funnel destroyers left over from WWI, in return for U.S. military WWI, in return for U.S. military rights to eight valuable defensive rights to eight valuable defensive base sites base sites
Lend-Lease Act (March Lend-Lease Act (March 1941)1941)
British needed British needed equipment, didn’t have equipment, didn’t have money to pay for it- money to pay for it- arms and ships, would arms and ships, would be lent to nations that be lent to nations that needed them and needed them and returned when no longer returned when no longer neededneeded $50 billion allocated, $31 $50 billion allocated, $31
billion to Britain alonebillion to Britain alone
Lend-Lease Act (March Lend-Lease Act (March 1941)1941)
August 1941August 1941
FDR and Churchill FDR and Churchill meet off the coast of meet off the coast of Newfoundland on the Newfoundland on the HMS Prince of WalesHMS Prince of Wales
Agree to sign the Agree to sign the Atlantic CharterAtlantic Charter
What do the two nations agree to?
How does this put the US one step closer to war?
What are the ideologies behind this document?
World War IIWorld War IIDay 3 – Fight Day 3 – Fight
Drags OnDrags On
What was What was Napoleon’s biggest Napoleon’s biggest
mistake?mistake?
If you want to be a If you want to be a world world
dictator….don’t dictator….don’t invade Russia!invade Russia!
““We have only to We have only to kick in the door and kick in the door and
the whole rotten the whole rotten structure will come structure will come
crashing down”crashing down”-Adolf Hitler-Adolf Hitler
A. Operation BarbarossaA. Operation Barbarossa June 22, 1941 – Hitler invades Russia (in June 22, 1941 – Hitler invades Russia (in
summer uniforms)summer uniforms) Red Army – 5 million men, lacked supplies and Red Army – 5 million men, lacked supplies and
equipmentequipment 500 miles – Russians conduct scorched earth 500 miles – Russians conduct scorched earth
A. Operation BarbarossaA. Operation Barbarossa
Siege at LeningradSiege at Leningrad September 8, 1941 – January 7, 1944 (900 September 8, 1941 – January 7, 1944 (900
days)days) German Army destroys food warehousesGerman Army destroys food warehouses First winter – no heat, no water, almost no First winter – no heat, no water, almost no
electricity, very little foodelectricity, very little food Some attempt escape to mainlandSome attempt escape to mainland Food supply desperate – eating animal feed, cats, Food supply desperate – eating animal feed, cats,
dogs, crows, ratsdogs, crows, rats 600,000+ die in Leningrad600,000+ die in Leningrad
Attack on MoscowAttack on Moscow October 2, 1941 October 2, 1941
Counterattack by Russian General Georgi Counterattack by Russian General Georgi Zhukov (w/ 100 fresh divisions from Siberia)Zhukov (w/ 100 fresh divisions from Siberia)
Germans repulsed – Hitler orders “no retreat”Germans repulsed – Hitler orders “no retreat” Dig in 125 miles west of Moscow – horrible Dig in 125 miles west of Moscow – horrible
winter (frozen fuel and oil)winter (frozen fuel and oil) 500,000 Germans die in the attempt500,000 Germans die in the attempt
Casablanca ConferenceCasablanca Conference Casablanca ConferenceCasablanca Conference (January 1943) (January 1943)
Roosevelt and Churchill met in Morocco and Roosevelt and Churchill met in Morocco and agreed on the term of “unconditional agreed on the term of “unconditional surrender.”surrender.”
Stalin is begging for a second front for help, Stalin is begging for a second front for help, decide to invade the “soft underbelly” of Italydecide to invade the “soft underbelly” of Italy
Casablanca ConferenceCasablanca Conference
North AfricaNorth Africa Churchill’s strategy – N. Africa to Italy Churchill’s strategy – N. Africa to Italy
(angered Stalin)(angered Stalin) German General Erwin Rommel vs. British German General Erwin Rommel vs. British
General Bernard “Monty” MontgomeryGeneral Bernard “Monty” Montgomery
Battle of El AlameinBattle of El Alamein Gen. Gen.
Montgomery Montgomery attacked German attacked German forces and drove forces and drove them West them West (October 1942)(October 1942)
107,000 US 107,000 US troops under troops under Gen. Dwight D. Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower land Eisenhower land in Algeria and in Algeria and MoroccoMorocco
German Army in German Army in N. Africa N. Africa destroyed by destroyed by May 1943May 1943
Operation TorchOperation Torch
Battle of StalingradBattle of Stalingrad August 23, 1942August 23, 1942
Luftwaffe bombs the cityLuftwaffe bombs the city November – Germans control 90% of the cityNovember – Germans control 90% of the city November 19 – Soviet troops attack the city, November 19 – Soviet troops attack the city,
cut off suppliescut off supplies Hitler orders to hold the city “at all costs”Hitler orders to hold the city “at all costs” February 2, 1943 – 90,000 Germans surrenderFebruary 2, 1943 – 90,000 Germans surrender City is completely destroyedCity is completely destroyed
German Surrender at German Surrender at StalingradStalingrad
Invasion of ItalyInvasion of Italy July 1943 - 180,000 Allied soldiers land at July 1943 - 180,000 Allied soldiers land at
SicilySicily August 1943- Allies take SicilyAugust 1943- Allies take Sicily June 4, 1944- Allies take RomeJune 4, 1944- Allies take Rome
Italian CampaignItalian Campaign
Northern ItalyNorthern Italy
Invasion of ItalyInvasion of Italy July 25, 1943 – Mussolini arrestedJuly 25, 1943 – Mussolini arrested September 23 – Italy surrenderedSeptember 23 – Italy surrendered Germans take N. Italy and put Mussolini Germans take N. Italy and put Mussolini
back in powerback in power Fighting drags on Fighting drags on Mussolini captured, shot, and hanged in Mussolini captured, shot, and hanged in
Milan– April 1945Milan– April 1945
World War IIWorld War IIDay 4 – The Final Day 4 – The Final
PushPush
Tehran ConferenceTehran Conference Tehran ConferenceTehran Conference- Roosevelt, Churchill, - Roosevelt, Churchill,
and Stalin agree to launch simultaneous and Stalin agree to launch simultaneous attacks.attacks.
Operation Overlord-Operation Overlord- General Eisenhower General Eisenhower put in charge of a massive English channel put in charge of a massive English channel invasioninvasion
Operation OverlordOperation Overlord Operation Overlord-Operation Overlord- General General
Eisenhower put in charge of a Eisenhower put in charge of a massive English channel invasionmassive English channel invasion
June 6, 1944—Operation June 6, 1944—Operation OverlordOverlord
OverlordOverlord
Liberation of Paris, Liberation of Paris, August 1944August 1944
The Last Days of HitlerThe Last Days of Hitler December 16, 1944- December 16, 1944- Battle of the Battle of the
Bulge- Bulge- ten-day stopped by the 101st ten-day stopped by the 101st Airborne Division Airborne Division
March 1945- US and Soviet troops March 1945- US and Soviet troops marched toward Berlinmarched toward Berlin
Battle of the BulgeBattle of the Bulge
Race for BerlinRace for Berlin
Concentration CampsConcentration Camps
The EndThe End
April 12, 1945- FDR died from a massive April 12, 1945- FDR died from a massive strokestroke
April 30, 1945- Hitler committed suicide April 30, 1945- Hitler committed suicide May 7, 1945 Germany surrenderedMay 7, 1945 Germany surrendered
Review: World War II Review: World War II GeographyGeography
Label and color the Allied powersLabel and color the Allied powers Label and color the Axis powers (visible in this map)Label and color the Axis powers (visible in this map) Color four countries impacted by the German Color four countries impacted by the German
blitzkriegblitzkrieg Label the correct locations for:Label the correct locations for: D-Day Invasion / Operation OverlordD-Day Invasion / Operation Overlord Battle of Britain / Operation Sea LionBattle of Britain / Operation Sea Lion Operation Torch Operation Torch Battle of El AlameinBattle of El Alamein Liberation of ParisLiberation of Paris Operation BarbarossaOperation Barbarossa Russian invasion of Finland Russian invasion of Finland
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35 Multiple choice35 Multiple choice Free responseFree response Yes, you should study your mapYes, you should study your map Yes, we will work on our project Yes, we will work on our project
when we finishwhen we finish