waste management in sr - b2match · waste management in slovakia peter kaufman slovak environmental...
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1. Legislative framework
Acts in waste management:
1. Waste Act • Basic legislative framework of waste management,
• obligations of waste producers and waste holders,
• obligations of producers putting on the market some products -EEE, vehicles, batteries and accumulators)
2. Act on packaging and waste packaging
3. Act on landfilling fees
4. Act on local taxes and fees
5. Act on POPs
6. Act on exctraction wastes
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1. Legislative framework
Transposed all European directives with exception of 2008/98/EC:
1975/439/EEC, 1975/442/EEC, 1978/176/EEC, 1991/689/EEC, 1991/692/EEC, 1996/59/EC,
1999/31/EC, 2000/53/EC, 2002/95/EC, 2002/96/EC, 2006/66/EC,
(directive 2011/65/EU not yet transposed)
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1. Legislative framework
Basic principles:
Waste management hierarchy
Polluter pays
Control and sanctions (Law enforcement)
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1. Legislative framework
Waste management hierarchy
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Waste prevention
Preparation for re-use
Waste recycling
Waste recovery (energy)
Disposal of waste
Principle „Polluter pays“:
1. Polluter as legal body – directly
2. Polluter as physical body (citizen):
• Through local fees to municipality
• Through advance payment to producer (involved in the product price)
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1. Legislative framework
Law enforcement:
System of control and state supervision
Slovak Environmental Inspectorate,
Environmental Offices,
other inspectorates – Slovak Energy Inspectorate, Slovak Trade Inspection, customs offices, police
System of fees and penalties as well as environmental crime punishment
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1. Legislative framework
• Permission of state administration body (District or Regional
Environmental Office or Slovak Environmental Inspectorate for IPPC) is needed for operation of waste management installations (collection, recovery and disposal)
• Authorisation of MoE is needed for operation of installations of:
1. Treatment and recycling of waste batteries and accumulators
2. Recovery or disposal of waste oils
3. Treatment of end-of-life vehicles
4. Treatment of waste electrical and electronic equipments
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1. Legislative framework
Necessary permission:
• for hazardous waste handling (incl. transport), if holder handles with more than 100 kg of hazardous wastes yearly
• for operation of mobile installation of waste recovery or disposal
• for the first putting on the market of the technology of hazardous waste handling in SR
• for giving waste to private households with the purpose of its further usage (end-of-waste situation)
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1. Legislative framework
1. Legislative framework
Public sources for financial support:
• Operatinal programme for environment
• Environmental fund
• Local fees for municipal waste
1. Legislative framework
Private sources for financial support:
• Recycling fund
• Sources from producers and responsible subjects
• Landfill fees
3. Waste statistics
Production of waste in SR
13
0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
14.000
16.000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
[th
ou
san
d t
on
s]
2.
Ratio of produced wastes to GDP per inhabitant
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3. Waste statistics
0
50.000
100.000
150.000
200.000
250.000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
t w
as
te/G
DP
/in
hab
itan
t
Waste production accoding NACE codes
A – agriculture
B - excavation
C – industry
D – energy
E – water
management
F – construction
G – trade
H – transport
and storage
O – public
administration
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3. Waste statistics
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3. Waste statistics
Other handling
Other disposal
Incineration
Landfiling
Other recovery
Energy recovery
Material recovery
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3. Waste statistics
0
200
400
600
800
1.000
1.200
1.400
1.600
1.800
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Th
ou
san
d t
on
s
Municipal waste production in 2005 - 2009
Waste statistics
Municipal waste production per inhabitant
18
260,0
270,0
280,0
290,0
300,0
310,0
320,0
330,0
340,0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
((kg
/in
hab
/ye
ar
Waste statistics
Municipal waste management
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0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Iný spôsob nakladania
Zneškodňovanie ostatné
Zneškodňovanie spaľovaním bez energetického využitia
Zneškodňovanie skládkovaním
Zhodnocovanie ostatné
Zhodnocovanie energetické
Zhodnocovanie materiálové
Other disposal
Incineration
Landfilling
Other recovery
Energy recovery
Material recovery
Other handling
Waste market
Installations for waste recovery and recycling:
• Landfills
•Waste incinerators
•Co-incineration of wastes
•Waste collection systems ?
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Recovery installations
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Region
Number of recovery installations according to the activity codes
R1 – R13 Total
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13
Bratislavský 1 1 21 5 14 0 0 0 1 0 4 25 29 101
Trnavský 1 4 29 7 6 2 0 0 3 1 4 19 50 126
Trenčiansky 5 1 39 14 19 0 0 0 1 0 5 15 31 130
Nitriansky 5 3 54 4 16 0 0 0 5 0 3 12 21 123
Žilinský 3 0 12 7 5 0 0 0 2 0 2 11 5 47
Banskobystr. 1 2 29 20 16 0 0 1 4 1 0 27 21 122
Prešovský 4 0 42 10 3 0 0 1 2 0 1 2 21 86
Košický 2 0 8 12 13 0 0 1 2 0 1 4 12 55
Total 22 11 234 79 92 2 0 3 20 2 20 115 190 790
Landfills in Slovakia
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Region Inert waste
landfills
Non-
hazardous
waste
landfills
Hazardous
waste
landfills
Total
Bratislavský 2 8 2 12
Trnavský 1 8 2 11
Trenčiansky 3 11 1 15
Nitriansky 3 12 2 17
Žilinský 2 14 0 16
Banskobystrický 2 13 1 16
Prešovský 1 14 1 16
Košický 3 9 3 15
Total 17 89 12 118
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Waste incineration plants in Slovakia
Industrial hazardous w. Municipal waste Health-care waste Cement killns
Facilities for Bio-waste:
• still non-functional allover household collection
• limited or missing facilities • potential for next development
Special waste streams
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Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE): Registration of producer / exporter in MoE before the first putting EEE on the market http://elektro.sazp.sk Collective schemes (17) Authorised WEEE treatment facilities (18)
Special waste streams
Waste batteries and accumulators
•No collective schemes (not allowed by law)
•Distributors are obliged to realise take-back system and to deliver waste batteries and accumulators to authorised treatment facilities
•Register of producers available on http://www.minzp.sk/oblasti/odpady-obaly/registre-zoznamy/
•5 authorised companies for collection and recycling of waste batteries and accumulators
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Special waste streams
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Waste packaging:
11 collective schemes
In the case that distributor is selling packed products by supplier not registered in Register of obligatory persons (http://obaly.sazp.sk), the distributor is obliged to register and to fulfil all obligations of obligatory person (producer / exporter of products packed in packaging)
Challenges
• Deflect municipal wastes from landfills
• Minimum construction and demolition wastes recovery
• Effective collection system for Bio-waste and its next recovery
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Thank you for attention
Ing. Peter Kaufman, PhD.
Centre of Waste and Environmental Management
Hanulova 5/D, SK-844 40 Bratislava