waste - greencampus.uns.ac.id · treatment system in the region of jebres, surakarta (including...
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WASTE 2016
The degrading global environmental awareness has taken public
concern all over the world in various sectors, including education. Higher
education as the front liner of innovation and the development of science
and technology should be a role model in a nurturing environment.
Universitas Sebelas Maret as one of the universities that care about the
environment, initiates to keep the environment clean, green, and healthy
through the Green Campus program. A university should meet the
required indicators and criteria to realize the Green Campus. One of them
is the management and treatment of organic or inorganic, hazardous and
toxic, and disposal waste. Several programs and activities in processing
and managing waste encompass Recycing Program for University Waste,
Toxic Waste Recycling, Organic Waste Treatment, Inorganic Waste
Treatment, and Sewage Disposal.
1. Waste water Recycling (Waste Water treatment)
UNS conducts waste water recycling program. It aims to maximize
waste water reuse by processing domestic wastewater in UNS, which
consequently contributes to the improvement of efficiency of water
consumption.
Recycled water use in UNS is embodied through a sprinkler
watering system for watering grass in the green space area. Recycled
water of domestic wastewater is also used for watering plants. It can be
seen through the image below:
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Picture 1.
The use of recycled wastewater for watering plants with water sprinkler
On the other hand, domestic wastewater sewer system and integrated
drainage system for rainwater have been made around the faculties,
institution, Central Office and servicing units (UPT) in UNS. The domestic
wastewater will flow to the ponds, which finally drains to the Bengawan
Solo river.
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Picture 2
Integrated sewer system in UNS (A-B), Domestic wastewater pond that is
also functioned as water resources conservation pond (C-D).
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Picture 3
Watering the garden with lake water
Currently, the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP -IPAL), a domestic
wastewater treatment system, is being built by UNS facilitated by the
Ministry of Public Works. The construction of the WWTP aims to control
the wastewater, especially in the inaccessible area of wastewater
treatment system in the region of Jebres, Surakarta (including Universitas
Sebelas Maret). The WWTP will integrate and process the waste of the
residential area near the campus, RW 10-14 Jebres Region and internal
campus in a single waste treatment.
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Green Construction
According to Budisuanda (2011), green construction includes several
aspects, as follow:
Construction process which minimizes the use of material causing
environmental damage
Construction process which does not disturb the tranquility around
Methods of operation which does not produce waste over the
threshold of tolerance
Methods of operation which does not disturb the balance of
surrounding nature
Implementation of development that does not pollute the
environment on dangerous chemicals
The development process that should take advantage of the
material debris.
Picture 4 The image of integrated WWTP construction in UNS in cooperation with the
Ministry of Public Works and Indonesian Public Housing 2016
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2. Organic and Inorganic Waste Treatment and Management
Process
One of the biggest wastes generated by the activity and the
environment of UNS is organic waste such as leaves and paper. In 2014,
UNS has started separating organic and inorganic waste with emphasizing
on organic and inorganic trash bin. Therefore, there must be organic and
inorganic trash bin in every faculty/work units and along the way in UNS.
The data of separation of organic and inorganic waste has been
raised in 2014. Previously, in 2013, it was only about 22.7% (5 faculties)
from all faculties and work units that perform organic and inorganic waste
separation. In 2014, organic and inorganic trash bins were provided
throughout faculties, work units, and all the way in UNS (almost 100%)
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Picture 5
Organic and inorganic trash can in each faculty, work unit and
along the way in UNS.
Nowadays, UNS is independently conducting the organic waste
processing (fully composted organic waste) by utilizing a composting tool
in the Faculty of Agriculture and Engineering. However, organic waste is
also partly used and managed by third parties.
From 2014 to the present (2016), there are some efforts that have
been made in an attempt to reduce paper use, such as: the using of
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electronic mail (SMS or email) for internal meeting invitations, the using of
the unused side of paper/on the blank side or using soft file only for paper
consultation.
Meanwhile, in term of in-organic Waste Treatment, UNS only
conducts the waste collecting to be kept in one container in order not to
spread and scattered. This inorganic waste management is given to third
parties.
Picture 6
The officers who sweep the leaf litter (a), The officer who sweeps garden
(b), The officer who takes away the trash (c – d)
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Organic Waste Treatment in Faculty of Agriculture
Picture 7
The processing of organic waste treatment (a) Anaerobic composting
process (b) composting process (c-d) composts product
in the Faculty of Agriculture
Organic Waste Treatment in Faculty of Engineering
There is a Compost Processing Unit in Faculty of Engineering UNS.
It is a place to process leaf litter to turn into compost. Since December
2013, this unit had already started processing the leaf litter as a
cooperation between Faculty of Engineering and WIKA and it is still
operated today (2016). The unit was initially managed by the Faculty of
Engineering but it is run by the Students' Cooperative (KOPMA) now. This
unit already uses leaf crushing tool. However, it is not maximum because it
can only be used for chopping little leaf litter and the crushing process
should be repeated up to 2 times.
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The destroyed leaf litter will be fermented in sealed drums for 2-3
weeks. After that, it is wrapped in a plastic and labeled as Pupuk Kompos
Semar, in which the weight of the compost fertilizer is 1 kilo gram. This
fertilizer, then, is used as fertilizer for plants on campus. Some of the
fertilizers are also sold to the surrounding community. The Compost
Processing Unit is not operated everyday. Sometimes, it is only operated 3
times a week and it can produce approximately 70 packs of compost.
Picture 8
The processing of organic waste treatment (a) Anaerobic composting
process (b) composting process (c) composts product (d) in
the Faculty of Engineering.
3. Toxic Waste Recycling
Several faculties and units in UNS dominate the waste production of
B3 criteria. They are Faculty of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty
of Mathematics and Natural Science, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of
Teacher Training and Education, Servicing Unit of Laboratory of UNS.
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UNS has high activity in the laboratory. Llaboratory plays an
important role in improving the quality and quantity of education for
students and for lectures who conduct research. As results of lab work
done by the students in addition to a preliminary analysis show that there
are several numbers of sample containing hazardous substances such as
heavy metals, including Fe, Pb, Cr, Cu, Cd, Hg, and more.
The management of toxic waste of UNS is partly conducted in
cooperation with third parties and the rest conducted by UNS in the Waste
Water Treatment Plant (WWTP). The waste treatment unit has been built
since 2009, especially from the Servicing Unit of Central Laboratory of
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science. In 2015, in collaboration with
the Ministry of Public Works, UNS has built an integrated Wastewater
Treatment Plant (WWTP) to accommodate the waste produced by the
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science and Faculty of Medicine, as
shown in Figure 8.
Picture 9 WWTP in the Integrated Laboratory of UNS (a), WWTP in Sub-Laboratory
of Chemistry (b), tank to process the laboratory wastewater(c), the management of toxic waste in the tank to be processed
by third parties (d)