watch the animation, then state the process being shown
DESCRIPTION
Watch the animation, then state the process being shown. What process was shown?. What is diffusion?. The movement of substances down a concentration gradient from a region of high concentration to a low concentration. Describe what happened in the animation. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Watch the animation, then state the process being shown
![Page 2: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What process was shown?
![Page 8: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What is diffusion?The movement of substances down a concentration
gradient from a region of high concentration to a low concentration
Describe what happened in the animation
![Page 9: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Watch the next animation and state what process is shown
![Page 10: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Extracellular space
Intracellular space
Water molecules
Cell membrane
![Page 11: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Extracellular space
Intracellular space
![Page 12: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Extracellular space
Intracellular space
![Page 13: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Extracellular space
Intracellular space
![Page 14: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Extracellular space
Intracellular space
![Page 15: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Extracellular space
Intracellular space
![Page 16: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Extracellular space
Intracellular space
![Page 17: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Extracellular space
Intracellular space
![Page 18: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Extracellular space
Intracellular space
![Page 19: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Extracellular space
Intracellular space
What process was shown?
Describe what happened in the animation
Why did the water molecule use a channel protein and not just cross straight through the lipid bilayer?
![Page 20: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from a high concentration to a low concentration
![Page 21: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Why does diffusion/osmosis occur?
• Organisms must maintain homeostasis and diffusion/osmosis allows cells to receive necessary nutrients and release unwanted waste
![Page 22: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
What is needed in mammalian cells?Ham's Tissue Culture Medium for Mammalian Cells(amounts dissolved in 1 liter of triple distilled water)
L-Arginine 211 mg Biotin 0.024 mg
L-Histidine 21 mg Calcium pantothenate 0.7 mg
L-Lysine 29.3 mg Choline chloride 0.69 mg
L-Methionine 4.48 mg i-inositol 0.54 mg
L-Phenylalanine 4.96 mg Niacinamide 0.6 mg
L-Tryptophan 0.6 mg Pyridoxine hydrochloride 0.2 mg
L-Tyrosine 1.81 mg Riboflavin 0.37 mg
L-Alanine 8.91 mg Thymidine 0.7 mg
Glycine 7.51 mg Cyanocobalamin 1.3 mg
L-Serine 10.5 mg Sodium pyruvate 110 mg
L-Threonine 3.57 mg Lipoic acid 0.2 mg
L-Aspartic acid 13.3 mg CaCl2 44 mg
L-Glutamic acid 14.7 mg MgSO4.7H2O 153 mg
L-Asparagine 15 mg Glucose 1.1 g
L-Glutamine 146.2 mg NaCl 7.4 g
L-Isoleucine 2.6 mg KCl 285 mg
L-Leucine 13.1 mg Na2HPO4 290 mg
L-Proline 11.5 mg KH2PO4 83 mg
L-Valine 3.5 mg Phenol red 1.2 mg
L-Cysteine 31.5 mg FeSO4 0.83 mg
Thiamine hydrochloride 1 mg CuSO4.5H2O 0.0025 mg
Hypoxanthine 4 mg ZnSO4.7H2O 0.028 mg
Folic acid 1.3 mg NaHCO3 1.2 g
![Page 23: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Why are so many nutrients needed for mammalian cells?
• Because mammals have several different cells that perform different tasks and would require different nutrients to perform those tasks
![Page 24: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Cellular Transport in other organisms
How osmosis works
![Page 25: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Osmosis in an Elodea Leaf• Elodea is a common freshwater plant that is
frequently used to decorate aquariums. • Freshwater is hypotonic to Elodea and maintains
normal osmotic pressure (internal pressure) in the plant.
• A hypotonic solution is a solution that contains less (hypo) solutes than the cytoplasm of the cell.
• Thus, a hypotonic solution has more water than the cell and water has a tendency to move (diffuse) into the cell.
• Plant cells do not rupture because the cell walls resist the outward expansion of the plasma membrane.
![Page 26: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
What happens to Elodea in a hypotonic solution?
Osmotic pressure increases because water enters the cell
![Page 27: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Osmosis in an Elodea Leaf• A hypertonic solution is a solution that
contains more (hyper) solutes than the cytoplasm of the cell.
• Thus, a hypertonic solution has less water than the cell and water has a tendency to move (diffuse) out of the cell.
• Plant cells do not shrivel because the cell walls resist the inward decrease of the plasma membrane.
![Page 28: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
What happens to Elodea in a hypertonic solution?
Osmotic pressure decreases because water leaves the cell
![Page 29: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
• Water will continue to move mostly into or out of a cell until it has reached equilibrium
• Once the cell has reached equilibrium or homeostasis, water continues to move in both direction
![Page 30: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Osmosis in human blood cells
![Page 31: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
What happens to a red blood cell in an Isotonic solution?
Red blood cells
It means you have an equal amount of solute inside and outside the cell
10% salt
10% salt
Plant cell
![Page 32: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
What happens to a red blood cell in a Hypotonic solution?
Red blood cells
Because there is only a cell membrane the blood cell could burst
10% salt
20% salt
Plant cell
![Page 33: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
What happens to a red blood cell in a Hypertonic solution?
Red blood cells
Red blood cells will shrivel up because the cell membrane does not provide enough support
20% salt
10% salt
Plant cell
![Page 34: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Paramecia are freshwater protozoa (single-celled eukaryotes) found in pond water
Osmosis in Paramecium
• Freshwater is hypotonic to Paramecium, and results in the osmotic movement of water into the cell.
• Specialized organelles called contractile vacuoles function in the homeostatic maintenance of normal osmotic pressure
![Page 35: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Paramecium
Contractile vacuoles
![Page 37: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Types of Diffusion
Passive diffusion and Active diffusion
![Page 38: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Facilitated Diffusion a form of Passive Diffusion
• Movement of molecules such as glucose and water through the cell membrane using channel and carrier proteins
• Does not require the input of energy• Example: osmosis
![Page 39: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Active Transport
• Movement of material from low concentration to high concentration or against the concentration gradient
• Requires energy
![Page 40: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
concentration gradient
high
low
high
low
With the concentration gradient Is energy input needed?
Against the concentration gradient Is energy input needed?
![Page 41: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Movement of nutrients and waste across the cell membrane
![Page 42: Watch the animation, then state the process being shown](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816108550346895dd04ff1/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Endocytosis/phagocytosis• A type of active transport
that moves large amounts of material into the cell
• Endo= intoCyto= cell
• Another type of active transport removes large amounts of materials out of the cell
• Exo= out of Cyto= cell
Exocytosis