water and climate adaptation work at fanrpan douglas j. merrey 20 june 2008 fanrpan partners meeting
TRANSCRIPT
WATER AND CLIMATE ADAPTATION WORK AT
FANRPAN
Douglas J. Merrey
20 June 2008 FANRPAN Partners Meeting
Three Projects
1. Limpopo Basin Focal Project
2. Scaling up micro-Agricultural Water Management (AWM) Technologies
3. Adapting Food Systems to Global Environmental Change
Goals
To identify agricultural water interventions whose implementation will reduce poverty and enhance food, health, and environmental security in the Limpopo Basin and beyond
To identify gaps in knowledge about agricultural water management options in the basin requiring further research
Work Packages (WP)
1. WP 1 Water and Poverty2. WP 2 Water Availability and Access3. WP 3 Water Productivity4. WP 4 Institutional Analysis5. WP 5 Interventions Packages6. WP 6 Knowledge Management
The Team-1
FANRPAN and ARC joint venture ARC leads Water Availability and Knowledge
Management WPs FANRPAN leads Institutions and Interventions WP
and overall project IWMI and GWP-SA regional partners
IWMI Leads Water Productivity WP and is associated with +/- 8 CPWF projects in basin
GWP and FANRPAN co-lead stakeholder consultations
University of Malawi—leads Poverty Analysis WP
The Team-2
National universities: Botswana, Eduardo Mondlane (UEM, Mozambique), Pretoria, Zimbabwe
Mozambique Institute of Agricultural Research (IIAM)
Team is large and diverse, but highly experienced and professionalComplemented by students (10% of the
total budget)
Research Approach and Stakeholder Consultation
Make use of existing data bases and research project outputs
Use students strategically to fill gaps, provide analytical support
Highest priority on application, impact of our work Consultations with stakeholders--Large
number, wide diversity, at multiple levels
MatrixInterventionPackage
Associated Institutions
Infrastructure Technology Policies & Institutions
NewKnowledge
intervention(contributor)
Name of institution,contact info, links torelated web sites or documents
Check any of the boxes below that apply Check boxes below that apply
Check boxes below that apply
Check boxes below that apply
availability productivity access avail prod acc avail prod acc avail prod acc
Treadle Pump IrrigationD Merrey
IDEhttp://www.ideorg.org/ Kick Starthttp://www.kickstart.org
XX
Small Reservoirs
CP 46http://www.smallreservoirs.org
XX
CatchmentManagement Forums
DWAFhttp://www.dwaf.gov.za
XX
Micro-AWM--a “best bet” investment
Low-cost small-scale technologies and practices are promising investments: Relatively low cost per household can benefit more
people/$ Rapid impacts: minimal gestation period Individualized—lower transaction costs than
communal or government irrigation Lend themselves to being promoted through markets,
and to being targeted, e.g., to women, or poor Not a panacea, but high potential
intervention if done right, in the right circumstances
If micro-AWM so good, why have they not reached any scale in SSA?
Main problem is restrictive and variable government policies (Merrey & Sally, forthcoming in Water Policy, 2008) Compounded by small national markets in
most SSA countries Mostly NGO-driven; these tend to be supply-
driven limited-time projects, often for relief
Inconsistent, Unsupportive Policies
No SSA country has a long-term supportive policy framework for encouraging a local market-driven industry (manufacture, sales, after-sales service, etc)
Inconsistent policies: High costs (2-5 X Indian price), no long-term investment
Recommendations: Way Forward
National Level With stakeholders, develop consistent long term
supportive policies & designate a lead agency Support for local R&D, social marketing, low-cost
loans Limited-time “smart” subsidies to kickstart the
industry, focused on small farmers Target women, households who have labor and land
but need help with capital Use input vouchers as a way of subsidizing through
the markets Build into overall long-term agricultural and water
resources development policies
Recommendations: Way Forward
Regional Economic Communities
As part of moving to freer trade, support development of regional markets for small-scale low-cost technologies for economies of scale
Support exchange of experiences among countries
Supporting development of an African market-driven micro-AWM industry can contribute directly to reducing poverty and hunger by 2015 while through synergies, enhancing the returns to large-scale water infrastructure investments.
Southern Africa Science Plan andImplementation Strategy
“GECAFS-SAF”
Partnership of “Global
Environmental Change and Food
Systems” (GECAFS), ICSU-
Africa, and FANRPAN
Proposed five year programme
Food Security
FOOD UTILISATION
FOOD ACCESS
• Affordability• Allocation• Preference
• Nutritional Value• Social Value• Food Safety
FOOD AVAILABILITY
• Production• Distribution• Exchange
Environmental Security /
Natural Capital
• Ecosystems stocks, flows
• Ecosystem services
• Access to natural capital
Social Welfare• Income• Employment • Wealth• Social & political
capital• Human capital• Infrastructure• Peace• Insurance
Food System OUTCOMES Contributing to:
Food System ACTIVITIESProducing food: natural resources, inputs, technology
Processing & packaging food: raw materials, standards, consumer demandDistributing & retailing food: marketing, advertising, trade
Consuming food: preparation, consumption
GECAFS Food System Concept
GECAFS-SAF addresses 3 issues
how GEC will further complicate food security across the region.
the feasibility of policy and technical adaptation options at both regional and local levels.
the socioeconomic and environmental consequences of different adaptation options designed to improve food security.
Strategies for Adapting to Climate Change in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa: Targeting the Most Vulnerable
Implementing Partners: International Food Policy Research Institute
(IFPRI). Other partners include: Association for Strengthening Agricultural
Research in Eastern and Central Africa (ASARECA) FANRPAN Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
(PIK) Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape
Research (ZALF).Supported by BMZ (Germany)
Project is being launched at a workshop hosted by FANRPAN 23-25 June 2008
Strategies for Adapting to Climate Change in Rural Sub-Saharan Africa
Goal: Reduced vulnerability of rural households to climate change through better-coordinated and targeted food system adaptation strategies.
Purpose: To provide regional organizations, policymakers and farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa with tools to identify and implement appropriate adaptation strategies.
FANRPAN will use this to develop a network of practitioners and policymakers on adaptation of food systems to GEC
Invitation
Contribute to the Limpopo Basin Water Management Intervention Matrix
Discuss how micro-AWM can help reduce poverty and vulnerability at a reasonable cost
Share your ideas about adaptation of food systems to GEC in Southern Africa
Or other natural resources issues you have in mind!
And how these activities form a coherent mutually supportive
programme