water and jobs - unesco · 45.2% of countries do not produce any gender stascs related to water...
TRANSCRIPT
Based on: United Nations World Water Development Report 2016
Water and Jobs
UN World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP), UNESCO
GlobalRiskReport,WorldEconomicForm,
January2016
2003
2006
2009
2012 2015
2014
UNWORLDWATERASSESSMENTPROGRAMME
WORLDWATERDEVELOPMENTREPORTS Themainproductof
WWAPistheWWDR(UN-WaterReport)whichistheUN’sflagshipreporton
Water
WWAPcoordinatestheworkof31UNagency
membersandof38partnersofUN-Water
intheannualproducWonofthe
authoritaWveWWDR
2016
TheasdYakZasksdf]a
TheGlobalWaterCrisis
Section ONE
Main F inding of WWDR 2016
Opportuni9esforsustainableeconomicgrowth,employment(decentjobs)andresilientsocie9esarecon9ngentuponthesustainablemanagementofwaterresourcesandtheprovisionofwater-relatedservices
Waterandthe3DimensionsofSustainableDevelopment
SDGInter-linkages,UN-Water,2016
WAT E R - D E P E N D E N C Y O F J O B S
Section TWO
WATER-DEPENDENTJOBS
AGRICULTURE FORESTRY FISHERIES ENERGY
TRANSPORTBUILDINGRECYCLINGRESOURCE-INTENSIVEMANUFACTURING
HEAVILY/MODERATELYWATER-DEPENDENTJOBS
Employmentpersector/greenisagricultureGlobal EastAsia
Sub-SaharanAfrica
Europe
199120002014
HEAVILY/MODERATELYWATER-DEPENDENTJOBS
42%ofGLOBALWORKFORCE
36%ofGLOBALWORKFORCE
MODERATELYWATER-DEPENDENT
HEAVILYWATER-DEPENDENT
Threeoutoffourjobsthatmakeuptheen9reglobalworkforcearewater-dependent
WAT E R S C A R C I T Y L I M I T S G R O W T H
Section THREE
ADDRESSINGWATERSCARCITY
Annualaveragewaterwithdrawals-to-availabilityra9o
0–0.1(nowaterstress) 0.1–0.2(lowwaterstress) 0.2–0.4(midwaterstress) morethan0.4(highwaterstress) nodata
WWDR, 2016
ADDRESSINGWATERSCARCITY
ADDRESSINGWATERSCARCITYCANSUPPORTSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPENT
Economicwaterscarcity–wherebyaccessisnotlimitedbyresourceavailability,butbyhuman,insWtuWonalandfinancialconstraints–affectsemploymentopportuniWesforalargeswathoftheglobalpopulaWon,parWcularlyintheleastdevelopedcountriesofAfrica,southern/southeastAsia,andLaWnAmerica.
13April2016,InternaWonalNewYorkTimes
FOLLOW-ONEFFECTSOFWATERSCARCITY
Drought Loweragriculturalproduc9vity
Unemployment Migra9ons
FOODINSECURITY
FOODIMPORTDEPENDENCY
INFORMALSETTLEMENTS
UNEMPLOYMENT
SOCIALUNREST
Case Study Syr ia
Section THREE
Figure: Kelley et al., 2015; PNAS Map: Circle of Blue, 2016
Case Study Syr ia
Section THREE
TheGuardian,16April2016
A D D R E S S I N G G A P S A N D I N E Q U A L I T I E S
Section FOUR
FILLING THE KNOWLEDGE GAP
MakingsoundpolicydecisionneedsbecerinsightsandrobustmetricsregardingDataneedstobedisaggregatedwithrespecttogender,geography,income,ethnicity,culture,religionetc.
1) thecurrentandfuturestateofwaterresourcesanddemand,and2) theworkrealityincludinginformal,part-Wmeandunpaidwork.
FILLING THE CAPACITY GAP
FIGHTING INEQUALITY FOR WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AND DECENT JOBS
BRIDGINGTHEGAPOFSEX-DISAGGREGATEDWATERDATA
“Womenplayacentralpartintheprovision,managementandsafeguardingofwater.….Acceptanceandimplementa5onofthisprinciplerequirespoliciestoaddresswomenspecificneedsandtoequipandempowerwomentopar5cipateatalllevelsinwaterresourcesprogrammes,includingdecision-makingandimplementa5on,inwaysdefinedbythem“.DublinStatementonWaterandSustainableDevelopment,1992
BUT…
WORLDWATERASSESSMENTPROGRAMME
45.2%ofcountriesdonotproduceanygenderstaWsWcsrelatedtowater(genderwaterdataisamongtheleastavailableofnaWonal-levelindicatorsaccordingtoa2013surveybytheUNStaWsWcalCommission)
WATER,IFNOTENGENDERED,ISENDANGERED!
• Thelackofsex-disaggregateddataisamajorobstacletotheproducWonofscienWficevidenceongender-relatedinequaliWesinthewaterrealm
• WomenandmenhavedifferentpercepWonsonprioriWes,needsandusesforwaterandsanitaWon
• WeneedtocreateagenderbaselineknowledgerelatedtowaterandaglobalstandardforgendersensiWvewatermonitoring
AREALISTICPICTUREisneededtoinformpolicy
makersandguidetargetedac5onsand
investments
I N V E S T I N G I N WAT E R , I S I N V E S T I N G I N J O B S S U P P O R T I N G R E S I L I E N T S O C I E T I E S
Section FIVE
THEMULTIPLIEREFFECTOFINVESTINGINWATER
Investmentsininfrastructureandopera9onsofwater-relatedservicescanprovidehighreturnsforeconomicgrowthandfordirectandindirectjobcrea9on
InvesWngUS$1millioninwatersupplyandsanitaWoninfrastructure
10-26jobsintheUSA
100jobsinLaWnAmerica
e.g.Jobsresul9ngfrommacro-benefitssuchasimprovedinfrastructure
e.g.Jobsresul9ngfromincreasedconsump9onbyemployeesindirect/indirectjobs
e.g.Jobsatchemicalplantproducingproductsforthewatertreatmentplant
Direct jobs
Indirect jobs
Induced jobs
Growth-related jobs
e.g.Jobscreatedatarecently-builtwatertreatmentplant
CREATINGANDSUSTAINING‘WATERJOBS’ENHANCESTHEMULTIPLIEREFFECT
IMPROVINGACCESSTOWATERSUPPLYANDSANITATIONSERVICESMAKESGOODBUSINESSSENSE
(UN-Water2016)
BUTSTILLTODAY…
WAT E R I S A F U N D A M E N TA L D R I V E R F O R G R E E N G R O W T H
Section SIX
AVERAGEEMPLOYMENTOVERLIFEOFFACILITY
Jobspermegawacofaveragecapacity
NEWOPPORTUNITIESthroughINNOVATIONinaGREENECONOMY
NEWOPPORTUNITIESthroughINNOVATIONinaGREENECONOMY
GREENJOBSINTHEFUTURE
Thousandsjobsperyear
ScenariosReference Moderate Bestcase
WATERFOOTPRINTVS.
CARBONINTENSITY
World Bank, 2010
10-15jobsinalternaWvewatersupplies5-20jobsinstormwatermanagement
12-22jobsinurbanconservaWonandefficiency
10-72jobsinenvironmentalrestauraWonandremediaWon
Direct/indirect/inducedjobs
US$1 million
MILLIONDOLLAR(green)BABY“Improvedwaterstewardshippayshigheconomicdividends“,WorldBank,May2016
C O N C L U S I O N S
Section SIX
TAKE-HOMEMESSAGES
1. Threeoutoffourjobsarewater-dependent2. Waterscarcityandsupplydisrup9onslimiteconomicgrowthpoten9alandimpact
jobs3. Waterscarcity(exacerbatedbyclimatechange)canbeoneimportanttriggerfor
migra9on4. Investmentsinwaterinfrastructureand‘waterjobs’generateposi9vereturnsand
haveamul9pliereffectonjobcrea9onacrossalleconomicsectors5. Thetransi9ontoagreenereconomyenhancesopportuni9esfordecentjobs
Opportuni9esforsustainableeconomicgrowth,employment(decentjobs)andresilientsocie9esarecon9ngentuponthesustainablemanagementofwaterresourcesandtheprovisionofwater-relatedservices.
Belerwater,belerjobs,belerlivesTowards2030Agenda
THANK YOU WWDRandotherpublica9ons,videos,PPTs,
TOOLSetc.areavailableat:
www.unesco.org/water/wwap
WWDR2016:WaterandJobs
WWDR2017:Wastewater–theUntappedResource
WWDR2015:WaterforaSustainableWorldWWDR2014:WaterandEnergy
WWDR2018:Nature-basedSolu9onforWater