water balance in indonesia
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
1/19
Indonesia: Water Balance
By
S.M.Nafees
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
2/19
INDONESIA: unity in diversity
Island : 17,500 Population : 237 million (a.t. 2010)
Irrigated Land : 6.77 million hectare
River : 5,886
Precipitation : 2,500 mm/year (average), 80% during rainy
season
Majority of water usage: Irrigation (80%) 2
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
3/19
WATER USAGE CONDITION
WATER AVAILABILITY (106 m3/yr)
POTENTIAL RELIABLE CAPACITY
3,221,000 692,000
IRRIGATION (106 m3/yr)
127,000
(81.4 %)
UNUTILIZED
(106 m3/yr)
536,000 (77.5%)
UTILIZED
(106 m3/yr)
156,000 (22.5%)
DMI (106 m3/yr)
29,000
(18.6%)
DOMESTIC(106m3/yr)
17,000
(10,9%)
MUNICIPAL
(106 m3/yr)
6,400
(4.1%)
INDUSTRY(106 m3/yr)
5,600
(3,6%)
3
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
4/19
Water Potential in Indonesiaand Water Availability per Capita
SumateraTP: 738 PC: 18.4
Java
TP: 187 PC: 1.6
Kalimantan
TP: 1008 PC: 98.8TP: 247 PC: 18.3
Sulawesi
Papua & Maluku
TP: 981 PC: 251.5
TP: 60 PC: 5.5
Sunda Kecil
Total Indonesia
TP: 3221 PC: 16.8
TP = Total Potency (billion m
3
/yr)PC = Per Capita (1.000 m3/capita/yr)
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
5/19
WRM In Indonesia & Problem
FLOOD
DEFORESTATION
18.500,000 ha incritical condition.
WATERWASTE
HIGH POPULATION
DROUGHT
SOLID
WASTEDISPOSAL
5
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
6/19
INDONESIA: Water Resources Problems
1. Time and spatial water distribution.
2. Rapidly increasing water usage and water quality degradation.
3. Water resources degradation and depletion
4. Water infrastructure quality degradation
5. Financing approach
6. Lack of beneficiaries role and community participations
7. Climate change which resulted in changes in precipitation patterns
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
7/19
Indonesia: Water Balance
Precipitation : Evapotranspiration
+ Overland run-off
+ River discharge
+ Ground water
Depend on:Climate/ Weather
Land-use , Crop
Human / Industrial use
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
8/19
Effects of Climate Change On Environmental
Water
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
9/19
Water Balance Cycle
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
10/19
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
11/19
Data-based hydrological models
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
12/19
Indonesia: Water
Balance 2003 & 2020 NATIONAL YEAR 2003TOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
1,957,205.0 (M m3)
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON1,474,149.8 (M m3) 483,055.2 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND112,275.7 (M m3)
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON45,821.5 (M m3) 66,454.1 (M m3)
SURPLUS SURPLUSNATIONAL YEAR 2020
WATER AVAIABILITY1,957,205.0 (M m3)
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON1,474,149.8 (M m3) 483,055.2 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND
127,707.1 (M m3)
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON52,176.3 (M m3) 75,530.8 (M m3)
SURPLUS SURPLUS
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
13/19
NUSA TENGGARATOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
42,156.0 (M m3) 2% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
37,940.4 (M m3) 4,215.6 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND5,760.0 (M m3) 5% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
1,440.0 (M m3) 4,320.0 (M m3)
SURPLUS DEFICIT
MOLUCCASTOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
61,776.0 (M m3) 4% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
49,420.8 (M m3) 12,355.2 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMANDWAER 235.7 (M m3) 0.2% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
98.2 (M m3) 137.5 (M m3)
SURPLUS SURPLUS
PAPUATOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
545,377.0 (M m3) 28% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
381,763.9 (M m3) 163,613.1 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND137.2 (M m3) 0.1% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
57.2 (M m3) 80.0 (M m3)
SURPLUS SURPLUS
CELEBESTOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
143,778.0 (M m3) 7% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
129,400.2 (M m3) 14,377.8 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND15,440.0 (M m3) 14% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON6,433.3 (M m3) 9,006.7 (M m3)
SURPLUS SURPLUS
JAVA & BALITOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
126,451.0 (M m3) 7% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
101,160.8 (M m3) 25,290.2 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND65,839.1 (M m3) 59% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
27,432.9 (M m3) 38,406.1 (M m3)
SURPLUS DEFICIT
BORNEOTOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
556,699.0 (M m3) 28% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
389,689.3 (M m3) 167,009.7 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND4,898.0 (M m3) 4% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON2,040.8 (M m3) 2,857.2 (M m3)
SURPLUS SURPLUS
SUMATERATOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
480,968.0 (M m3) 25% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
384,774.4 (M m3) 96,193.6 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND19,965.7 (M m3) 18% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON8,319.0 (M m3) 11,646.7 (M m3)
SURPLUS SURPLUS
Source: DGWR, Ministry of Public Works, 2004
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
14/19
NUSA TENGGARATOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
42,156.0 (M m3) 2% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
37,940.4 (M m3) 4,215.6 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND6,210.1 (M m3) 5% Total National
RANY SEASON DRY SEASON
1,552.5 (M m3) 4,657.6 (M m3)
SURPLUS DEFICIT
MOLUCCASTOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
61,776.0 (M m3) 4% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
49,420.8 (M m3) 12,355.2 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND254.9 (M m3) 0.2% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
106.2 (M m3) 148.7 (M m3)
SURPLUS SURPLUS
PAPUATOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
545,377.0 (M m3) 28% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
381,763.9 (M m3) 163,613.1 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND281,0 (Juta m3) 0,2% Total Nasional
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
117.1 (M m3) 163.9 (M m3)
SURPLUS SURPLUS
CELEBESTOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
143,778.0 (M m3) 7% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
129,400.2 (M m3) 14,377.8 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND16,612.0 (M m3) 13% Total Nasional
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON6,921.7 (M m3) 9,690.3 (M m3)
SURPLUS SURPLUS
JAVA & BALITOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
126,451.0 (M m3) 7% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
101,160.8 (M m3) 25,290.2 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND75,569.0 (M m3) 59% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
31,487.1 (M m3) 44,081.9 (M m3)
SURPLUS DEFICIT
BORNEOTOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
556,699.0 (M m3) 28% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
389,689.3 (M m3) 167,009.7 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND6,014.0 (M m3) 5% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON2,505.8 (M m3) 3,508.2 (M m3)
SURPLUS SURPLUS
SUMATERATOTAL WATER AVAILABILITY
480,968.0 (M m3) 25% Total National
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON
384,774.4 (M m3) 96,193.6 (M m3)
TOTAL WATER DEMAND22,766,0 (M m3) 18% Total Nasional
RAINY SEASON DRY SEASON9,485.8 (M m3) 13,280.2 (M m3)
SURPLUS SURPLUS
Sumber: Ditjen SDA, Departemen PU, 2004Source: DGWR, Ministry of Public Works, 2004
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
15/19
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
16/19
Integration: Water Balance
1. Upstream and downstream
2. Quality and quantity
3. Surface water and
groundwater
4. Land use and water use
5. Inter-sector (Policy of
regional goverments and
Government)
6. All stakeholders
INDICATOR:
JUSTICE
EFFICIENCYECONOMY
SUSTAINBILITY
ENVIRONMENT
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
17/19
General Policies of Utilization of Water
Resources1. Provide water that meets the quality and quantity requirements in accordance
with place and time on an ongoing basis to meet the daily basic needs as a priority.2. Increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the provision and use of irrigation
water with priority on operations and maintenance, optimization, rehabilitation,
and improvement of irrigation system performance rather than new construction.
3. Encourage the development of irrigation and swamp in order to support their
agricultural productivity to increase agricultural production in the context of
national food security and welfare of the people especially farmers.
4. Implement Water Resources Utilization to support economic development
effectively and efficiently by taking into account interests of inter-sector, regions,
and long-term impact.
5. Apply the principle beneficiaries bear the cost of water resource management
services fee, except for the daily basic needs of people and agricultural to
encourage water saving and increase water resource management performance.
6. Increase the role of business field in the utilization of water resources while
prioritizing public interest.
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
18/19
Reforestation the best way to Balance Water
Cycle
-
8/2/2019 Water Balance in Indonesia
19/19
END.
..
..
..
..
..