water by neil bronks water is important 70% of the earth 89% of the human body only 3% is fresh and...
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Water
ByNeil Bronks
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Water is important
• 70% of the earth • 89% of the human body• Only 3% is fresh and most of that is
in the polar ice caps
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Water is a compound
• Chemically bonded atoms of Oxygen and Hydrogen
HH
H
H
O
O
O
HH
O
HH
2H2 + O2 2H2O
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Ice Floats
• Most substances contract and get denser as they become a solid
More dense solid sinks
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Ice Floats
• Ice expands and so floats on water. • Lucky for us
Less dense solid floats
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Frozen Pond
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Water Cycle
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Water TreatmentScreening - Clean water passes through the screen and large objects do not
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Sedimentation• Alum (Aluminium Sulphate) is added that
makes all the dirt stick together.• Most sinks
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Then Filter through sand
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Add Chlorine• Kills the bacteria
Cl
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Add Fluorine• Prevents tooth decay
F
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Water Treatment
Screening - Clean water passes through the screen and large objects do not pass
Sedimentation - Aluminium Sulphate is added. It is mixed slowly and then allowed to settle.
Filtration – passes through sandAdd chlorine to kill
bacteria. Add flourine to prevent tooth decay.
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Desalination• Removing salt
Clear Plastic
Sea Water
Pure Water
Stone
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Electrolysis of Water
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Electrolysis of WaterWater separated into gases using electricitySome acid must be added to increase conduction
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Algal Bloom
• Too much fertiliser or food waste can feed algae causing a harmful algal bloom
• This uses up all the oxygen and kills fish
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Hard and soft water• Add soap and mix
Add Soap solution
Add Soap solution
Hard WaterFew
BubblesOily scum
Soft WaterLots of
Bubbles
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Hard Water
• Contains dissolved calcium and magnesium ions
• Forms scum when soap is used
• Scale on inside of pipes and kettles
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Where hard water comes from
Acid Rain
Limestone
Water dissolves the limestone (Calcium Carbonate) and the calcium
ions make the water hard
Water that runs off straight to
rivers and lakes is soft water
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Removing Hardness from water
• Distillation• Ion exchange with Zeolite
resins• Soft water better for industry
and plumbing• Hard water better for your
heart
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Hard and
Soft Water
Advantage Disadvantage
HardGood for Heart and Beer
Scale in pipes
SoftGood for washing clothes
Girl children
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Summary
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H/w
P 250Q 1,2,4,5,6,8.