water demand trends, efficiency and the future of urban ...microsoft powerpoint - 2- mayer - urban...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Water Demand Trends,Efficiency and the Future
of Urban Water Use
PETER MAYER, P.E.WATER DEMAND MANAGEMENT
![Page 2: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Seattle Public Utilities - 1990
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070
Annu
al A
vera
ge M
GD
Actual Demand
![Page 5: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Firm Yield
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070
Annu
al A
vera
ge M
GD
Actual Demand
Current Firm Yield
Forecast WithoutConservation
![Page 6: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
2013 Forecast
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070
Annu
al A
vera
ge M
GD
Actual Demand
Current Firm Yield
Forecast WithConservation
Forecast WithoutConservation
New Supply
70+ Years
![Page 7: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
A brief history of demand forecasting in Seattle
![Page 8: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Conservation Saved Seattle $725 million
PV Cost of New Supply $800 Million
PV Cost of Conservation: $ 75 Million_______________________________________________________________
NPV : $725 Million
![Page 9: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Water Use in the US, 1900 - 2010
Includes fresh and saline water. Source USGS and Pacific Institute 2015
![Page 10: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
M&I Water Use in the US, 1900 - 2010
Source USGS and Pacific Institute 2015
![Page 11: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Public Withdrawals in the US – 1950 - 2015
Source USGS, AWE, and WaterDM 2017
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
gallo
ns per cap
ita per day (g
pcd)
Public Sup
ply With
draw
als (billion
gallons per day)
US Public Supply Withdrawals and GPCD
Public Withdrawals gpcdSource: USGS Estimated use of water in the United States (2010, 2015).
![Page 12: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California 1985 - 2015
36% reduction in per capita use over 30 year period
![Page 13: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
New York, New York
![Page 14: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Tucson Water - Annual Production (1940-2016)
CAP ProductionPotable Production TARP Production Reclaimed Production
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
140,000
Wat
er P
rodu
ctio
n fo
r TW
Ser
vice
Are
a (A
cre-
Feet
)
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010Year
2016 2016
CAP
Reclaimed Water
TARP
Total Potable Water Use at 1985 Level
![Page 15: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Massachusetts Water Resources Authority
![Page 16: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Residential End Uses of Water
![Page 17: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Residential Indoor GPCD
1999 vs. 2016 = 15.4% reduction
2016 vs. HE = 37.4% reduction
![Page 18: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Indoor GPCD
![Page 19: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Indoor GPCD Comparison
Toilet Clotheswasher Shower Faucet Leak Other Bath Dishwasher
REU1999 18.5 15.0 11.6 10.9 9.5 1.6 1.2 1.0REU2016 14.2 9.6 11.1 11.1 7.9 2.5 1.5 0.7
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Gallons per cap
ita per day (g
pcd) Statistically
significant reductions in:• Clothes washer• Toilet• Dishwasher
![Page 20: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Toilets
REU1999 REU2016
Number of houses logged 1,187 762
Average flushes/household per day 12.4 13
Average flushes per person per day 5.05 5.0
Average flush volume 3.65 ± 0.06 gal 2.6 ± 0.01 gal
Average per capita toilet use (gpcd) 18.5 14.3
22.7% reduction in avg. per capita toilet use.
![Page 21: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Total Bath ClothesWasher
DishWasher Faucet Leaks Other Shower
Hot 45.5 2.6 4.4 2.2 15.4 2.1 0.9 17.8Cold 92 2 18 0 12 16 3 9
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160Av
erage Daily Hou
seho
ld Use (g
phd)
Hot and Cold Water Household Use
N = 94 homesAverage66.8% cold33.2% hot
![Page 22: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Hot Water Per Capita Use
![Page 23: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Efficiency Improvements
![Page 24: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Water & Sewer Bill – 5, 25 kgal
![Page 25: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Residential Outdoor Water Use
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
110%
120%
130%
140%
150%
160%
170%
180%
190%
200%
210%
220%
230%
240%
250%
260%
270%
280%
290%
300%
310%
More
Relativ
e Freq
uency
Application Ratio
I‐‐‐Low/Deficit‐‐‐‐I‐‐‐‐On Target‐‐‐‐‐I‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐Excess‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐I
![Page 26: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
How much more efficiency? A lot. We’re …half way there! New technology Outdoor efficiency Leak detection Advanced metering Water loss control Customer engagement through
data and information Peak management
![Page 27: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
� ����������� ������� ����������� ������� ������������ �� ������
������ �� �� ����� ���������������������
![Page 28: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
���� !"�# $%
��� &������ �������������������������
Wateringnow
Next watering:Tuesday
Rainshut-off
50% Shrubs50% Flowers
Watering duration: 15 min
Waters on Mon, Wed, Fri
![Page 29: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
����� �'����� ���� �� ��
![Page 30: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
(������������ ����� � ������������ �
���� !"�# $%
Dan
Niko
Jill
Mark
PRESSURE ZONE
7
2
4
6
![Page 31: Water Demand Trends, Efficiency and the Future of Urban ...Microsoft PowerPoint - 2- Mayer - Urban Water Demand Trends 2018 Author: duane.huisken Created Date: 7/10/2018 2:10:28 PM](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051408/5ff4532f19f28e484a61c00a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Future Trends• Technological change• Behavioral change• More intense and frequent drought• Demand fluctuations• Water demand management at the retail level