water distribution systems. distribution systems designed to adequately satisfy water requirements...
TRANSCRIPT
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Water Distribution Systems
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Distribution systems
Designed to adequately satisfy water requirements for combination of:
Domestic useCommercial UseIndustrial UseFire-fighting
Have to consider:
FlowPressureQuality
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Distribution System Classifications
Branching System
Grid System
Combination system
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System Type Advantages
Branching System
Grid System
Combination System
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System Requirements
Commercial
Pressure greater than 60 psig typically required
Residential
Pressure of 40 to 50 psig
Tower Buildings
Intermediate booster pumps with storage tank on top
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Velocities typically between 3 to 5 fps at peak flows
Select pipe sizes to avoid hig velocities
* Inch pipes recommended in areas were fire-fighting demands are expected. 6 inch pipe may be used if a grid type system is used and length between connections is lesss than 600 feet.
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A typical distribution system layout
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Hydraulic grade lines
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Distribution Reservoirs and Service Storage
Storage reservoirs are used to meet fluctuating demands, to accommodate fire-fighting and emergency requirements, and equalize operating pressures.
Types of storage reservoirs:
Surface reservoirsStandpipesElevated storage tanks
Locate reservoirs and storage to maximize benefits. Usually near the center of use.
High enough to supply necessary pressure in the system
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Modes of Operation
Demand light – pumping station will met needs in system and supply water to storage tank.
Demands high – both the tank and the pumping station will be needed to supply the flow