water governance in cities: an oecd …...water governance in cities: an oecd perspective oriana...
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WATER GOVERNANCE IN CITIES:
AN OECD PERSPECTIVE
Oriana Romano, PhD Policy Analyst, OECD Water Governance Programme 8th European Conference on Sustainable Cities & Towns Bilbao, 27 April 2016
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• What are the challenges?
• Is cities’ governance well-equipped to handle these challenges?
• What should local and national governments do?
Water Governance in cities
Policy questions
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A Survey across 48 Cities
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The analytical framework
Source : OECD (2016) Water Governance in Cities, OECD Publishing, Paris
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Water is key to sustainable cities
Current levels of service delivery and water security in
OECD and emerging economies should not be
taken for granted
Simultaneous action is needed on :
Infrastructure, institutions and
information
SDG 11 “ Making cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable”
SDG 6 “Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and
sanitation for all”
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What are the challenges?
Source : OECD (2016) Water Governance in Cities, OECD Publishing, Paris
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Are cities’ governance structures well-
equipped to handle the challenges?
Source : OECD (2016) Water Governance in Cities, OECD Publishing, Paris
Roles and responsibilities in urban water management are still high fragmented national-subnational coordination
Urban water management concerns several scales multi-level functional approach to water functions
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Multi-level governance gaps:
Capacity and Funding gaps
Lack of knowledge on
water 40%
Poor planning 40%
Difficulties in doing ex ante
evaluation 44%
Difficulties in doing monitoring
and ex post evaluation
50%
Lack of staff and managerial capacities
65% Golden rule when
borrowing from commercial
sources 23%
Limited decentralisation of fiscal power and
taxation 29%
Difficulties in mobilising private sector financial
contribution 33%
Lack of financial guarantees for the
city to borrow 38%
Lack of multi-annual strategic plans and multi-annual budgets
38%
Difficulties in collecting tariffs
and charges from water 46%
Weak prioritisation of
investment 48%
Affordability constraints
requiring tariff adjustments 54%
Difficulties in raising tariffs for water services
69%
Funding Capacity
Source : OECD (2016) Water Governance in Cities, OECD Publishing, Paris
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Multi-level governance gaps:
Information and accountability gaps
Lack of data on the water balance
and quality 27%
Absence or incomplete water
users'registry 33%
Lack of independent data
38%
Inconsistencies in available data
38%
Data dispersed across agencies
52%
Incomplete and irregular data
collection 56%
Over technical information
56%
lack of publicly available data on
drinking water quality 23%
Lack of accounting control through regular financial
audits 23%
Lack of competitive
procurement process
27%
Weak judicial system for conflict
resolutioni 31%
Lack of benchmarking for
service providers'performa
nce 44%
Lack of publicly available data on
economic and financial
performance 46%
Limited monitoring 46%
Weak stakeholder engagement
48%
Limited information
sharing across local authorities
60%
Accountability Information
Source : OECD (2016) Water Governance in Cities, OECD Publishing, Paris
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Policy Responses : The 3Ps co-ordination framework
Source : OECD (2016) Water Governance in Cities, OECD Publishing, Paris
Policy complementarities
• Rural- Urban partnerships
• Metropolitan governance
Stakeholder engagement
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Next steps : Implementation in Cities of the
OECD Principles on Water Governance
Source: OECD “OECD Principles on Water Governance”, OECD, Paris, available at: www.oecd.org/gov/regionalpolicy/ OECD-
Principles-on-Water-Governance-brochure.pdf.