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Water-Quality and Lake-Stage Data for Wisconsin Lakes, Water Year 1996

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 97-123

Prepared in cooperation with theState of Wisconsin and local agencies

WATER-QUALITY AND LAKE-STAGE DATA FOR WISCONSIN LAKES, WATER YEAR 1996

By Wisconsin District Lake-Studies Team

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 97-123

A report by the Wisconsin District Lake-Studies Team- J.F. Elder (team leader), H.S. Garn, G.L Goddard, S.B. Marsh, D.L Olson, D.M. Robertson, and W.J. Rose

Prepared in cooperation withTHE STATE OF WISCONSIN AND OTHER AGENCIES

Madison, Wisconsin 1997

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Gordon P. Eaton, Director

For additional information write to:

District Chief U.S. Geological Survey 6417 Normandy Lane Madison, Wl 53719

Copies of this report can be purchased from:

U.S. Geological Survey Earth Science Information Center Open-File Reports Section Box25286, MS 517 Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225

CONTENTS

Introduction........................................................................ 1Methods of data collection ............................................................ 4

Explanation of physical and chemical characteristics of lakes................................. 7Water temperature and thermal stratification........................................ 7

Specific conductance.......................................................... 8Water clarity................................................................. 9pH ....................................................................... 9Dissolved oxygen ........................................................... 10Phosphorus ................................................................ 10Nitrogen................................................................... 11Chlorophyll a ............................................................... 11

Classification of lakes............................................................... 12References cited................................................................... 14Lake data ........................................................................ 15

Alma near St. Germain, 455426089254700 ....................................... 17Balsam near Birchwood, 453907091345800....................................... 20Big Hills (Hills) near Wild Rose, 440912089092000 ................................. 22

Big MuskegoBass Bay, near Muskego, 425344088070100 .................................. 24near Wind Lake, 425109088075000.......................................... 26

Big St. Germainnear Lake Tomahawk, 05390750 ............................................ 27

near St. Germain, 455557089311000......................................... 28Big Sissabagama near Stone Lake, 454724091303600.............................. 30Delavan

near Delavan, 423706088363400............................................ 33at Center near Delavan Lake, 423556088365001 ............................... 34at North End near Lake Lawn, 423659088354401 ............................... 37at SW End near Delavan Lake, 423526088380101 .............................. 37

Denoon at Wind Lake, 425044088100300 ........................................ 38Devils near Baraboo, 05404500 ................................................ 40Druid near Hartford, 431643088243300 .......................................... 41Eagle near Kansasville, 05544500 .............................................. 44Eagle, at Deep Hole, near Kansasville, 424207088072400 ........................... 45Eagle Spring at Eagleville, 425103088261500 ..................................... 47Elizabeth near Twin Lakes, 423051088155300..................................... 49Fish near Sauk City, 05406050 ................................................. 51Forest near Dundee, 433632088100200.......................................... 52Fowler, Center, at Oconomowoc, 430653088294601 ................................ 54

in

CONTENTS-Continued

Green at County Trunk Highway A near Green Lake, 434918088553601 ................ 57Hemlock near Mikana, 453421091333700 ........................................ 58Kirby near Cumberland, 453554092042101 ....................................... 60

Site 1 near Cumberland, 453608092035801 ................................... 61Site 2 near Cumberland, 453601092035301 ................................... 63Site 3 near Cumberland, 453612092034901 ................................... 64Site 4 near Cumberland, 453603092035701 ................................... 65Site 5 near Cumberland, 453608092041201 ................................... 66Site 6 near Cumberland, 453555092040901 ................................... 67

Koshkonong near Newville, 05427235 ........................................... 68Little Arbor Vitae near Woodruff, 455446089370300 ................................ 69Little Green, at Center, near Markesan, 434412088590700 ........................... 72Little Muskego at Muskego, 425425088083500 .................................... 74Little Rock near Woodruff, 455946089415702 ..................................... 76

Little St. Germainnear Eagle River, 05390700 ................................................ 77Northeast Bay, near St. Germain, 455545089262500 ............................ 79South Bay, near St. Germain, 455437089270800 ............................... 80West Bay, at St. Germain, 455428089282400 .................................. 81

Long (Kee Nong Go-Mong) at Wind Lake, 424937088103400......................... 82Mary (Marie) at Twin Lakes, 423128088151200.................................... 84Max near Woodruff, 460128089423501 .......................................... 86Mendota at Madison, 05428000 ................................................ 87Middle Genesse near Oconomowoc, 430309088284800 ............................. 88Monona at Madison, 05429000................................................. 89Montello at Montello, 434748089195800 ......................................... 90Moon near St. Germain,455504089260500....................................... 92Morgan near Fence, 454622088324801 .......................................... 94

OconomowocNo. 1 (Center) at Oconomowoc, 430551088273500 ............................. 95No. 2 (off Hewitt Point) at Oconomowoc, 430609088262200....................... 97

Okaucheeat Okauchee, 430723088252100 ............................................ 99No. 1, near Okauchee, 430759088244200.................................... 101No. 2, at Okauchee, 430645088264500...................................... 101No. 3, at Okauchee, 430642088252400...................................... 102No. 4, at Okauchee, 430757088261700...................................... 102

Potter near Mukwonago, 424905088204000 ..................................... 103Powers at Powers Lake, 423246088175800...................................... 105Pretty at Deep Hole near Dousman, 425722088295000............................. 107

IV

CONTENTS-ContinuedRed Cedar

Deep Hole, near Mikana, 453725091345100 .................................. 109

South End, near Mikana, 453519091352500 .................................. 111

Silver near Oconomowoc, 430436088293300 .................................... 113

Silver at West Bend, 432322088125000......................................... 115

Tichigan near Waterford, 424854088123300 ..................................... 116

Vandercook near Woodruff, 455909089405602 ................................... 118

Waubeesee at Wind Lake, 424857088101500 .................................... 119

Whitewater near Whitewater, 424608088414800 .................................. 121

Wind

at Wind Lake, 424915088083900........................................... 122Outlet at Wind Lake, 424848088083100...................................... 125

Winnebagoat Oshkosh, 04082500 ................................................... 126

near Stockbridge, 04084255............................................... 127

Wolf near Mt. Calvary, 435152088123100 ....................................... 128

Wisconsin District publications pertaining to lakes........................................ 131

FIGURE

Figure 1. Map showing location of lake water-quality and lake-stage stations in Wisconsin....................2

TABLE

Table 1. Discontinued lake stations..........................................................................................................5

WATER-QUALITY AND LAKE-STAGE DATA

FOR WISCONSIN LAKES, WATER YEAR 1996By Wisconsin District Lake-Studies Team

INTRODUCTION

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with local and other agencies, collects data at selected lakes throughout Wisconsin. These data, accumulated over many years, provide a data base for developing an improved understanding of the water quality of lakes. To make these data available to interested parties outside the USGS, the data are published annually in this report series. The location of surface water-quality and lake-stage stations in Wisconsin for water year 1996 are shown in figure 1. A water year is the 12-month period from October 1 through September 30. It is designated by the calendar year in which it ends and which includes 9 of the 12 months. Thus the period October 1, 1995 through September 30, 1996, is called "water year 1996."

The purpose of this report is to provide information about the physical and chemical charac teristics of Wisconsin lakes. Data that have been collected at specific lakes, and information to aid in the interpretation of those data, are included in this report. Data collected includes measurements of lake stage and in-lake water quality. Graphs of Secchi depths, surface total- phosphorus and chlorophyll-a concentrations versus time are included for lakes with two or more years of data. Graphs of vertical profiles of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance are included for sites where these parameters were measured. Descriptive infor mation for each lake includes: location of the lake, drainage area of the lake's watershed, period for which data are available, revisions to previously published records, and pertinent remarks. Additional data, such as streamflow and water quality in tributary and outlet streams of some of the lakes, are published in another volume: "Water Resources Data-Wisconsin, 1996."

EXPLANATIONvan Lake name

o Lake-stage station

Lake water-quality and stage station

Note: at some lakes more than 1 site may be monitored

20____ 40 60 MILES

DODGE Dniid

Fow

Sil

JEFFERSON

Pre

Ea

W

WASHINGTON

Okauchee er

OconomowocKI

* Middle Genesee

tty

;le Spring

Tiitewater Potter O

WALWORTH

WAUKESHA

Little Muskego

Denoon

ON

C

m m

Sr~

Cm m

Long. , \ *Wind

Tichigan Waubeesee

Eagle RACINE

i

Figure 1. Location of lake water-quality and lake-stage stations in Wisconsin.

2

The USGS has done cooperative lake monitoring with local and other agencies since 1983. Cooperators in 1996 included:

Alma Lake - Moon Lake, Protection and Rehabilitation DistrictBig Hills Lake Management DistrictBig Muskego Lake DistrictCity of MuskegoDane County Department of Public WorksDruid Lake Protection and Rehabilitation DistrictEagle Spring Lake Management DistrictFowler Lake Management DistrictGreen Lake Sanitary DistrictKirby Lake Management DistrictLittle Arbor Vitae Lake Protection and Rehabilitation DistrictLittle Green Lake Protection and Rehabilitation DistrictLittle Muskego Lake Protection and Rehabilitation DistrictMontello Lake Inland Protection and Rehabilitation DistrictOkauchee Lake Management DistrictPotters Lake Protection and Rehabilitation DistrictPowers Lake Management DistrictPretty Lake Protection and Rehabilitation DistrictRock County Public Works DepartmentSilver Lake Protection and Rehabilitation DistrictTown of AuburnTown of Cedar LakeTown of DelavanTown of KansasvilleTown of NorwayTown of Sand LakeTown of St. GermainTown of SummitTown of WaterfordTwin Lakes Protection and Rehabilitation DistrictU.S. Army Corps of EngineersVillage of Oconomowoc LakeWhitewater Lake Management DistrictWind Lake Management DistrictWisconsin Department of Natural ResourcesWolf Lake Management District

Lake data collection sites are identified by a unique identification number. Lake water- quality sites are identified by a 15-digit number that is a concatenation of the site's latitude, longitude, and a two-digit sequence number. The sequence number is used to distinguish between sites located at the same latitude-longitude designation. The site identification number is permanently assigned to the site; actual latitude and longitude of the site are subject to update and are stored separately. For some of the lakes, which have historical records of lake stage, an eight-to-ten digit number is assigned according to downstream order. Gaps are left in the numerical series to allow for new stations; hence, the numbers are not consecutive. The first two digits of the complete eight-to-ten digit number, such as 04087000, 054310157, or 0407809265, designate the major river basin. For example, "04" designates the St. Lawrence River Basin and "05" designates the Upper Mississippi River Basin.

The water-quality lake stations that were discontinued prior to water year 1996 are listed in table 1. Discontinued lake-stage stations are not included in this table.

This report is the culmination of a concerted effort by a number of people who collected, compiled, analyzed, verified, and organized the data, and who typed, edited, and assembled the report. The authors had primary responsibility for assuring that the information contained herein is accurate, complete, and adheres to USGS policy and established guidelines. Technicians-in- charge of the field offices are: T.J. Popowski (Rice Lake), J.W. George (Merrill), and J. Habale (Madison). The data were collected and processed by G.L. Goddard, J.J. Hanig, D.E. Housner, G.L. Kjornes, S.L. McNamara, S.B. Marsh, E.A. Mergener, D.L. Olson, J.G. Schuler, and T.L. Seidel. S.H. Under prepared the location map. P.A. Stark assembled, edited, and formatted the report. Additional assistance in preparation of the report was provided by K.A. Lonsdorf.

METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION

Depth profiles of water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance were collected using a multi-parameter meter. Prior to measurements, the meter is calibrated using standards for pH and conductance, and dissolved oxygen is calibrated using the air calibration method.

4

Table 1. Discontinued lake stations

Station name

Balsam Lake, off Cedar Island, at Balsam LakeBalsam Lake, off Little Narrows, near Balsam Lake

Balsam Lake, off Rock Island, near Balsam LakeBass Lake near Shawano

Bear Lake at Deep Hole near HaugenBeaver Dam Lake South end at Beaver Dam

Beaver Dam Lake North end near Beaver Dam

Big Blacksmith Lake near Keshena

Big Muskego Lake at North Site near MuskegoBig Muskego Lake, Research Base, near Muskego

Big Muskego, South Site, near MuskegoBooth Lake near East Troy

Fox Lake Deep Hole at Fox LakeHooker Lake at SalemLac La Belle Center at Oconomowoc

Lac La Belle NW at Oconomowoc

Lac La Belle SE at OconomowocLake Blass at Lake Delton

Lake Keesus, East Bay, near MertonLake Keesus, North Bay, near MertonLake Morris at Mount Morris

Lake Nebagamon, Northeast Bay, at Lake NebagamonLake Nebaagmon, Southeast Bay, at Lake NebagamonLake Nebagamon, West Bay, at Lake NebagamonLake Noquebay near Crivitz

Lake Noquebay, East end, near Crivitz

Lamotte Lake near Shawano

Site identification number

452755092264600

452858092265300

452754092234300

445215088300300

453754091490900

432814088515000

433122088545700

445401088334500

425301088061300

425235088075300

425112088072800

424800088254800

433458088560600

423335088060300

430733088305900

430809088313900

430707088301400

433545089482400

4309570088183400

431006088191000

440654089120500

463050091412300

462928091413500

463034091425300

451511087550900

451540087525700

445305088361200

Period of record

Feb. 1991 -Aug. 1994May 1991 -Aug. 1994

May 1991 -Aug. 1994

Feb. 1990-Aug. 1992Mar. 1992-Aug. 1993

June-Oct. 1991June-Oct. 1991Feb. 1990-Aug. 1992

Feb.-Aug. 1988

May-nJune 1994Feb. 1988-Aug. 1995Feb. 1992-Aug. 1994

June1991-Mar. 1993Feb. 1992-Aug. 1993Feb. 1984-Aug. 1985,Feb.-Sep. 1991Feb. 1984-Aug. 1985

Feb. 1984-Aug. 1985Mar. 1989-Aug. 1990Apr. 1991 Aug. 1995Apr. 1991 -Aug. 1995Jun. 1983-Sep. 1989

May 1992-Aug. 1995

Mar. 1992-Sep. 1995May 1992-Aug. 1995

Feb. 1987-Aug. 1988,Apr. 1991 -Aug. 1994Apr. 1991 -Aug. 1994

Feb. 1990-Aug. 1992

Lauderdale Lakes

at LauderdaleGreen near LauderdaleMiddle at Lauderdale

Mill at LauderdaleLegend Lake (site 1) near Shawano Loon Lake near Shawano Lost Lake near Beaver Dam Mead Lake, East Bay near Willard Mead Lake, West Bay near Willard Moshawquit Lake near Shawano Park Lake (site 1) at Pardeeville

Park Lake (site 2) at Pardeeville Park Lake (site 3) at Pardeeville

424554088332700

424652088341500424621088335500

424555088335700445342088312700

445009088303700432640088580500444720090445000

444733090460100445352088295800433239089175800

433226089175500

433245089173000

Oct. 1993-Oct. 1994

Nov. 1993-Nov. 1994 Nov. 1993-Nov. 1994 Nov. 1993-Nov. 1994 Feb. 1990-Feb. 1992 Feb. 1991-Aug. 1993 June-Oct. 1991 Apr. 1991-Aug. 1995 Feb. 1991-Sep. 1995 Feb. 1990-Aug. 1992 Feb. 1986-Aug. 1987,

May-Nov. 1993 May-Nov. 1993 May-Nov. 1993

Table 1. Discontinued lake stations

Station name Site identification number Period of record

Park Lake (site 4) at PardeevilleRice Lake at Deep Hole near WhitewaterRound Lake near Shawano

Sand Lake (Deep Hole) near KeshenaSinissippi Lake off Anthony Is. at Hustisford

Sinissippi Lake off Butternut Is. near HustisfordSinissippi Lake off Sam Point near Hustisford

Spirit Lake near Keshena

Stewart Lake at Mt. Horeb

Upper Nemahbin Lake, Center, near DelafieldUpper Nemahbin Lake, South Site, near DelafieldUpper Nemahbin Lake Outlet near DelafieldWatosah-skice Lake near Keshena

Whitewater Lake off Heart Prairie near WhitewaterWhitewater Lake near Whitewater

Whitewater Lake North Bay near Whitewater

Whitewater Lake South Bay near Whitewater

433257089165100424629088415700445328088335000445321088323101432113088361100

432240088363900432300088374200

445400088320100

430117089442701

430400088254900430339088254800430334088255400445330088361400424533088420100

424608088414800

424625088405500424501088422300

May-Nov. 1993

Apr.-Nov. 1991 Feb. 1990-Aug. 1992 June-Aug. 1992

Feb. 1991-Aug. 1993 Apr. 1991-Aug. 1993

Apr. 1991-Aug. 1993 Apr.-Aug. 1992

May1992-Sep. 1993 June 1993-Aug. 1995

June 1993-Aug. 1995 June 1993-Aug. 1995 Feb. 1990-Aug. 1992 Apr.-Nov. 1991

Apr.-Oct. 1991 Apr.-Nov. 1991

Apr.-Nov. 1991

In most lakes, water samples were collected at two depths - near the surface and near the bottom. Chemical analyses of water samples were performed using standard analytical methods by either the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory (Wershaw and others, 1987; Fishman and Friedman, 1989; Fishman, 1993) or the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene (Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, 1993). Analyses for dissolved constituents are performed on samples that were filtered in the field through a 0.45-|im (micrometer) pore-size filter. Total or total recov erable constituents are determined by analyzing unfiltered water samples. Preservation and shipment of samples follows standard protocols established by the laboratories.

Field measurement of vertical profiles of temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and specific conductance was done using a multi-parameter meter. Generally, measurements were made at intervals of about one-tenth of total depth or at a minimum interval of one foot.

Records of lake stage are considered complete when one or more manual or automatic measurements are obtained per day. Partial records of lake stage result when measurements are less frequent than daily. A complete description of manual or automatic measurements of lake stage are described by Rantz and others (1982).

EXPLANATION OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS

OF LAKES

Following are brief, generalized explanations of some of the common measurements of water quality and some of the physical processes occurring in lakes that influence these measures of water quality. More detailed explanations of water-quality data and lake processes are given by Wetzel (1983), Hem (1985), and Shaw and others (1993).

Water Temperature and Thermal Stratification

Water temperature in lakes is important because of its role in stratification and because of the temperature dependence of many chemical reactions and life processes of aquatic organisms. The interaction between meteorological conditions, lake shape, and water clarity are the primary factors which determine the temperature distribution in lakes. The extent of thermal stratification in lakes depends on solar heating, water clarity, and wind-driven mixing. Complete mixing of the lake is usually restricted by thermal stratification in summer and by ice cover in winter. Thermal stratification affects lake-water quality and the distribution of organisms in the lake. Summer thermal stratification can occur in any lake, but in Wisconsin it commonly occurs in lakes deeper than about 20 ft (Shaw and others, 1993).

The density of water increases with decreasing temperature down to a temperature of 4 °C, then decreases with decreasing temperature between 4°C and the freezing point of water (0°C). For a brief period in the spring after the ice is out, water temperature is uniform through the entire water column and wind action causes the lake to mix completely. This process is known as "spring turnover." As the lake absorbs the sun's energy, the surface water becomes warmer and its density decreases, making it more resistant to complete mixing. The difference in density caused by different water temperatures can prevent warm and cold water from mixing. In most lakes, therefore, a density "barrier" forms between the warmer surface water and the underlying colder water. This barrier is often marked by a sharp temperature gradient known as the "thermocline." During the stratified summer period, three distinct layers of lake water are present. The upper warm layer is known as the "epilimnion" and the cold lower layer is known as the "hypolimnion." The transition layer between the epilimnion and the hypolimnion has a steep temperature gradient (greatest temperature change per foot of depth), and is known as the "thermocline" or "metalimnion." As the temperature difference between surface and deep water increases, this "stratified" condition stabilizes and can persist until surface temperatures decrease in the fall, which decreases the stability of the stratification. The mixing of the lake water in the fall is known as "fall turnover."

Thermal stratification may also occur under ice cover in the winter. In the winter, the coldest water (near 0°C) under the ice at the surface of the lake is less dense than water deeper in the lake with a temperature near 4°C.

Specific Conductance

Specific conductance is a measure of the ability of water to conduct an electrical current and is an indicator of the concentration of dissolved solids in the water. Because conductance is temperature related, reported values are normalized at 25°C and are termed specific conduc tance. As the concentration of dissolved minerals increases, specific conductance increases. During winter and summer thermal stratification, concentrations of dissolved constituents near the lake bottom increase due to the decomposition of materials settling from the epilimnion, or release of dissolved materials (such as iron, manganese, and phosphorus) from the bottom sediments during anoxic periods. Therefore, differences in specific conductance with depth indicate differences in concentrations of dissolved solids.

Water Clarity

Water clarity, or transparency, is commonly measured using a Secchi disc. The range of depths within which photosynthetic activity occurs depends largely on depth of light penetration, which is influenced by water clarity. A Secchi disc, most commonly an 8-in. -diameter disc with alternating black-and-white quadrants, is lowered to a depth at which it is no longer visible. This depth is referred to as the Secchi depth. Clarity can be reduced by algae and zooplankton, water color, and suspended sediment. Algae are often the most dominant influence on clarity in most lakes and, therefore, Secchi depth is usually correlated with the algal abundance. Secchi depth is generally the least during late summer when algal populations are largest.

The pH is a measure of the acidity of the water. It is defined as the negative logarithm of hydrogen-ion concentration and varies over a 14-unit log scale, with a pH of 7 being neutral. Values less than 7 indicate acidic conditions; the lower the value, the stronger the acidity. Values greater than 7 indicate alkaline conditions. The pH of water is influenced in part by photosyn thesis and respiration of planktonic algae and aquatic plants. It is important because it affects the solubility of many chemical constituents, and because aquatic organisms have limited pH toler ances. Planktonic algae and aquatic plants produce oxygen and consume carbon dioxide as they photosynthesize during daytime; they consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide when they respire at night. Carbon dioxide combines with the water molecule to form carbonic acid; therefore respiration causes a decrease in pH at night and photosynthesis causes an increase in pH in the day time. The result is a daily cycle of pH. Because phytoplankton are usually concen trated in the near-surface water, changes in pH in the epilimnion are more extreme than in the hypolimnion, where less photosynthesis usually occurs.

Values of pH greater than 8.5 have been shown to cause the release of phosphorus from lake sediments (James and Barko, 1991). As pH increases above 8.5 the release rate of phosphorus also increases. Lakes having good fish populations and productivity generally have a pH between 6.7 and 8.2.

Dissolved Oxygen

Dissolved oxygen is one of the most critical factors affecting a lake ecosystem because it is essential to most aquatic organisms, and it is involved in many chemical reactions. Very low dissolved oxygen concentrations can control chemical reactions that require oxygen. The solubility of oxygen in water is inversely related to temperature-that is, oxygen solubility decreases as water temperature increases. This relation is important because at warmer temper atures the metabolic rate of organisms increases but less oxygen is available for respiration. The primary sources of dissolved oxygen are from the air and from photosynthesis. The minimum dissolved-oxygen concentration specified in national water-quality criteria for warmwater aquatic life is 5.0 mg/L (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1986).

In early summer, if thermal stratification develops, the metalimnion restricts the surface supply of dissolved oxygen to the hypolimnion. The hypolimnion can become isolated from the atmosphere. Thus, as summer progresses, the dissolved-oxygen concentration can decrease in response to decomposition of dead algae that settle from the epilimnion and in response to the biological and chemical oxygen demand of the sediments. The oxygen demand from these processes may completely deplete the oxygen (anoxia) in the water near the lake bottom. The oxygen depletion then progresses upward but usually is confined to the hypolimnion.

Anoxia in the hypolimnion is common in stratified eutrophic (nutrient-rich) lakes in Wisconsin. During anoxic conditions, many aquatic organisms cannot survive, but many other species (primarily bacteria) actually function only in such conditions. Therefore, a shift from oxic to anoxic conditions produces a rapid and dramatic change in the biological community and chemical environment. Anoxia also can cause release of phosphorus from the bottom sediments. This phosphorus then mixes throughout the water column during spring and fall turnover.

Phosphorus

Phosphorus is one of the essential nutrients for plant growth. High phosphorus concentra tions can cause dense algal populations (blooms) and can therefore be a major cause of eutrophication in lakes. In many regions of the country, other nutrients, particularly nitrogen, tend to be in abundant supply. Phosphorus is often the nutrient in shortest supply, therefore limiting or controlling plant growth. About 90 percent of the lakes in Wisconsin are limited by phosphorus (Shaw and others, 1993). In water, dissolved orthophosphate is that part of total phosphorus that is most readily available for use by algae.

10

Internal phosphorus recycling occurs in many lakes. Phosphorus used by algae, aquatic plants, fish, and zooplankton is stored within these organisms. As these organisms die and decompose, this phosphorus is returned to the lake water and sediments. Anoxia in the hypolimnion makes phosphorus more soluble, adding further to the release of phosphorus from the falling particles and the lake sediments. During spring and fall turnover the phosphorus, which was released from the bottom sediments into the hypolimnion during anoxia, is mixed throughout the lake. The phosphorus is then available for algal growth. These phenomena are part of the internal-recycling processes of lakes.

Nitrogen

Nitrogen, like phosphorus, is an essential nutrient for plant and algal growth. Usually, nitrogen is in abundant supply from the atmosphere and other sources. If phosphorus is abundant relative to algal needs, nitrogen can become the limiting nutrient. In that case, algal blooms are more likely to be triggered by increases in nitrogen than by increases in phosphorus. Some bluegreen algal species can fix nitrogen from the atmosphere (Wetzel, 1983). Therefore, in situations where other types of algae are excluded because of a shortage of nitrogen, the nitrogen-fixing bluegreen algae have a competitive advantage and may be present in abundance.

Lakes with a total nitrogen to total phosphorus ratio larger than 15 to 1 near the surface may generally be considered phosphorus limited; a ratio from 10 to 1 to 15 to 1 indicates a transition situation; and a ratio smaller than 10 to 1 generally indicates nitrogen limitation (Lillie and Mason, 1983). Total nitrogen is the sum of ammonia and organic nitrogen, and nitrate and nitrite nitrogen. The near-surface concentration is used to compute the total nitrogen to phosphorus ratio because most algal species grow near the lake surface.

Chlorophyll a

Chlorophyll a is a photosynthetic pigment found in algae (Wetzel, 1983). Its concentration, therefore, is commonly used as a measure of the density of the algal population in a lake. Chloro phyll a concentrations are generally highest when algal populations are highest, usually during summer. Moderate populations of desirable algae are important in the food chain; however, excessive populations or algal blooms are undesirable. Algal blooms can cause taste and odor problems, and limit light penetration needed to support growth of submerged aquatic plants. Certain species of bluegreen algae can produce toxins (Rapavich and others, 1987).

11

CLASSIFICATION OF LAKES

Two methods are commonly used to classify Wisconsin lakes according to their water quality or trophic state: Lillie and Mason's (1983) water-quality index and a modification of Carlson's (1977) Trophic State Index (TSI) are commonly used. Both methods evaluate in-lake conditions. Three water-quality measures are used in these classification systems: near-surface concentrations of total phosphorus and chlorophyll a, and water clarity as indicated by the Secchi depth.

Lillie and Mason's (1983) water-quality index of Wisconsin lakes used random summer measurements of total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depth as shown below:

Water-quality index

Excellent

Very good

Good

Fair

Poor

Very poor

Approximate total phosphorus range

(mg/L)

<0.001

.001-010

.010-030

.030-.050

.050-. 150

>.150

Approximate chlorophyll a range

fog/L)<1

1-5

5-10

10-15

15-30

>30

Approximate water clarity range

(Secchi depth, in meters)

>6.0

3.0-6.0

2.0-3.0

1 .5-2.0

1 .0-1 .5

<1.0

Three trophic conditions are generally used to describe the wide range of lake water-quality conditions. Oligotrophic lakes are typically clear, algal populations and phosphorus concentrations are low, and the deepest water is likely to contain oxygen throughout the year. Mesotrophic lakes typically have a moderate supply of nutrients, experience moderate algal blooms, and have occasional oxygen depletions at depth. Eutrophic lakes are nutrient rich with relatively severe water- quality problems, such as frequent seasonal algal blooms, oxygen depletion in lower parts of the lakes, and poor clarity. When eutrophic conditions are very severe, the lake is considered hyper- eutrophic.

12

The WDNR modified the lakes classification scheme developed by Carlson (1977) to apply specifically to Wisconsin lakes. The WDNR system (Lillie and others, 1993) uses surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depth for ice-free periods to calculate values for Trophic State Indexes. The WDNR has adopted the following TSI ranges to classify Wisconsin lakes: indexes of less than 40 define oligotrophic conditions, 40 to 50 define mesotrophic conditions, greater than 50 to 70 define eutrophic conditions, and greater than 70 define hyper- eutrophic conditions (Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 1992, p. 52-53). These ranges are used to make relative comparisons in all Wisconsin lake trophic-state evaluations by the WDNR and others.

The TSI for a lake can be calculated using the following equations (Lillie and others, 1993):

TSI Secchi = 60 - 33 -2 ( Io9io Secchi depth)

TS'chiorophyii a = 34 -82 + C17 -41 ( Io9io chlorophyll a concentration))

phosphorus = 28.24 + (17.81 (Iog 10 total phosphorus concentration))

where: Secchi depth is in meters,

chlorophyll a is in micrograms per liter, and

total phosphorus is in micrograms per liter.

The three trophic conditions are defined with the following boundaries for total phosphorus, Secchi disc, and chlorophyll a:

Trophic Level

Trophic State Index

Total phosphorus (W3/L)

Secchi disc (m)

Chlorophyll a (l^tg/L)

Eutrophic

-..._ ____........__.. so . ... ....... 17...................... 2.0 - - -7.5

Mesotrophic

........................... 40 ................ ______ 4... _-___.-_-- .-- 4.0 -- - -- 2.0

Oligotrophic

13

REFERENCES CITED

Carlson, R.E., 1977, A trophic state index for lakes: Limnology and Oceanography, March, v. 22, no. 2, p. 361-369.

Fishman, M.J., ed., 1993, Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory-Determination of inorganic and organic constituents in water and fluvial sediments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-125, 217 p.

Fishman, M.J., and Friedman, L.C., eds., 1989, Methods for determination of inorganic substances in water and fluvial sediments (3d ed.): U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water- Resources Investigations, book 5, chap. A1, 545 p.

Hem, J.D., 1985, Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water (3rd ed.): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2254, 263 p.

James, W.F., and Barko, J.W., 1991, Littoral-pelagic phosphorus dynamics during nighttime convec- tive circulation: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 36, no. 5, p. 946-960.

Lillie, R.A., Graham, S., and Rasmussen, P., 1993, Trophic-State Index equations and regional pre dictive equations for Wisconsin lakes: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Research Management Findings No. 35, 4 p.

Lillie, R.A., and Mason, J.W., 1983, Limnological characteristics of Wisconsin lakes: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Technical Bulletin No. 138,116 p.

Rantz, S.E., and others, 1982, Measurement and computation of streamflow: U.S. Geological Sur vey Water-Supply Paper 2175, 631 p.

Rapavich, W.M., Sonzogni, W.C., Standridge, J.H., Vennie J.G., and Wedepohl, R.E., 1987, Inci dence of algal toxins in Wisconsin water experiencing blue-green algae blooms: Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Informational Paper, 8 p.

Shaw, B., Mechenich, C., and Klessig, L., 1993, Understanding Lake Data: G3582: University of Wisconsin Extension, Madison, Wis., 19 p.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1986, Quality Criteria for Water 1986: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency publication, EPA 440/5-86-001 [variously paged].

Wershaw, R.L, Fishman, M.J., Grabbe, R.R., and Lowe, L.E., eds., 1987, Methods for the determi nation of organic substances in water and fluvial sediments: U.S. Geological Survey Tech niques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 5, chap. A3, 80 p.

Wetzel, R.G., 1983, Limnology (2d ed.): New York, 767 p.

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 1992, Wisconsin water quality assessment-Report to Congress, 1992: Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Publ-WR254-92-REV, 220 p.

Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, Environmental Sciences Section, 1993, Manual of analytical methods, inorganic chemistry unit: Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, revised November 1993 [variously paged].

14

LAKE DATA

15

455426089254700 ALMA LAKE NEAR ST. GERMAIN, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 45°54'26", long 89°25'47", in NE 1/4 sec.36, T.40 N., R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, 3 mi east of St. Germain.

LAKE-STAGE RECORDS

PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1984 to September 1990, May 1992 to current year.

GAGE. Staff gage read by Douglas Pagel.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 12.35 ft, Apr. 11, 12, 1986; minimum observed, 8.98 ft, Oct. 26, 27,1989.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 11.82 ft, Aug. 14; minimum observed, 10.81 ft, Oct. 8.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, WATER YEAR OCTOBER 1995 TO SEPTEMBER 1996

DAILY MEAN VALUES

DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP

2 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___3 11.594 5 11.51 11.81

67 8 10.81 11.53 9

10 11.79

11 10.99 12 13 14 11.47 11.82 15 11.53

16 17 11.79 18 1920 11.47 11.63

21 2223 11.57 2425

26 27 11.56 28 11.57 29 11.49 30 31

17

455426089254700 ALMA LAKE NEAR ST. GERMAIN, WI--CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY RECORDSPERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1984 to September 1990 secchi depth only; February 1992 to current year.REMARKS.--Lake sampled near center of southern lobe of lake at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during March measurements. Water-

quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MARCH 11 TO AUGUST 14, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (US/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved(as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (asNitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)--Iron, dissolved (Fe) (ig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) Lig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton(Lig/L)

Mar.

3.0

326.11.0

7.7

___

___

>)

11

18-305.94.5

-1.0

___

_________

1

2157.150

771000

1620

<00

26000000

<090403

May

.511.

.60

.603.

.9

.9

.6

.6

.4

.0

.5

.1

.3

.07

.12

.48

.60

.67

.017

.002

.6

15

18,532156100

.6671000630

<00

28000000

<07035-

.6.5

.60

.5

.7

.6

.6

.4

.0

.7

.1

.3

.12

.13

.47

.60

.72

.025

.002

Jun

1.511.

236.4

20.5___

4.9.3

___

0.011

______4.5

e 27

1856

245.7

13.0

19.3

___

______0.018______

July

1.511.57

236.6

22.5

3.58.5 ______

___

0.009

___3.0

23

18

255.4

17.5______

4.3__________________

___

___---______---______0.035---______

Aug

1.511.

226.5

23.0______

3.8.3___

______

___ _________

_______________0.010_________3.4

. 14

1882

245.4

19.5

___4

2.2__________________

______

---______

___0.028_________

Lil

~ 10

O. Lil Q 15

20

3-11-96

10 20

D.O.

0 10 20 30

5-15-96 6-27-96 7-23-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER10 20

u

5

10

15

on

-

-

-

-

'

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10 20u

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8-14-96

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WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

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0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

18

0.018

O Q- 0.014 O m

5520.012

TOTAL PHOS IN MIL

p p c

i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

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1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11992





CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Alma Lake near St. Germain, Wisconsin.

19

453907091345800 BALSAM LAKE NEAR BIRCHWOOD, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 45°39'07", long 91°34'58" ) in NE 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.34, T.37 N., R.IO W., Washburn County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007,1.2 mi southwest of Birchwood.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1993 to August 1994 and March to September 1996. REMARKS. Lake sampled near southern end of Balsam Lake at a lake depth of about 43 ft. Lake ice-covered during March sampling.

Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.


Mar. 13

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance ((iS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenPhosphorus, total (as P)Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (ng/L) -

May 09 June 25 July 23 Aug. 21

3.0

1497.31.0

11.7___

.)

4310.05

3097.25.0

___0.0

1.5 4010.69

154 1788.0 7.5

12.0 5.52.3

12.5 0.80.030 0.120

12

1.5 4410.65

137 1998.3 7.0

20.0 6.52.3

10.7 0.00.018 0.339

11

1.5 4210.84

136 2068.8 6.9

23.5 7.02.3

10.7 0.10.020 0.425

11

1.5 4010.70

140 1998.6 6.9

24.0 7.52.9

9.9 0.10.016 0.4456.5

3-13-96 5-9-96 6-25-96 7-23-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER

10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20


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8-21-96

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100 200 300 400 100 200 300 400 100 200 300 400 100 200 300 400 100 200 300 400

SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

20

0.04

o a: 0.03 z LU Qo-

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1993 1994 1995 1996

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JFMAMJJASOND 1996

CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Balsam Lake near Birchwood, Wisconsin.

21

440912089092000 BIG HILLS (HILLS) LAKE NEAR WILD ROSE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 44°09'12", long 89 009'20", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec. 2, T.19 N., R.ll E, Waushara County, Hydrologic Unit 04030202, 4.6 misoutheast of Wild Rose.

DRAINAGE AREA.-0.78 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.--June 1983 to August 1984, February to August 1987, February to August 1990, February to August 1993, and February

to August 1996. REMARKS. Lake sampled at east end at deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February sampling. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State

Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 13 TO AUGUST 23,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (jiS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (CDFluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) \ig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) \ig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L)

2-13-96

Feb.

3.0

2357.04.0

--8.0

___

---

I) -___

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13

21

2467.44.5

-6.6

___

______

1

2188

11.100

1211024121

10085

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May

.5

.4

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.703

.2

.8

.0

.2

.1

.0

.29

.03

.40

.40

.68

.017

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.4

.4

08

20

2168

1051

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11024131

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June

1.5

2168.3

21.5

___4.

9.8___

___

___0.013-

___3.7

21

21

2287.5

17.0

32.8

___

______

___

___0.058___

___

Jul

1.5

2198.2

23.5______

29.2___---______------

---___

___---___---___0.014---

4.3

y 26

20

2178.2

23.5______

.38.4---_________

______---___

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1.5

2238.1

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38.7

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4.6

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20

2307.2

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DEPTH, 1 01 C

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10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 "0 10 20 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

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- SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICRO-SIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

22

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TOTAL PHOSPHORUS C IN MILLIGRAMS F

o o b b3 - l\3

' \

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1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

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1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

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1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Big Hills Lake, near Wild Rose, Wisconsin.

(Circles indicate laboratory detection limit for selected analyses. Actual concentrations for these particular analyses are less than the plotted circles.)

23

425344088070100 BIG MUSKEGO LAKE, BASS BAY, NEAR MUSKEGO, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°53'44", long 88"07'01", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec. 15, T.5 N., R.20 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, 1.3 misoutheast of Muskego.

PERIOD OF RECORD.--February 1988 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center of lake at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Lake stages not recorded due

to drainage of south site. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 06 TO AUGUST 20, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Feb. 06 May 07 June 20 July 29

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (US/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCO3Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Alkalinity, as CaCOSSulfate, dissolved (SO4)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (SiO2)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N)

ammonia, dissolved (as N) organic, total (as N) amm. + org., total (as N) total (as N)

total (as P) ortho, dissolved

Nitrogen, Nitrogen, Nitrogen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Phosphorus,

Aug. 2 0

(asIron, dissolved (Fe) (ig/L Manganese, dissolved (Mn) |lg/L Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L)

3.0

5868.50.5___

17.1

___

---

---0

---0

______

___,)

23

7417.54.0

0.8___

___

___

___

1

5698

11.308

11250493122

200394902

3500012200

0,89

.5

.60

.90

.6

.2

.2

.33

.12

.9

.0

.3

.130

.002

.5

20

5748

104015

.69

250493122

200384902

3460022200

2-

.5.5

.0

.2

.4

.33

.21

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.4

.7

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1.5

5108.8

22.0

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16.2_______________

___

______0.104

___120

22

6327.7

15.5

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0.5

______

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___

1.5

5688.2

23.0

0.6.9______

___

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---

0.066

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21

5897.4

22.0

80.5

_________

___

_______________

___0.085

___

1.5

5518.3

25.0______

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___

___ ______

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___62

21

5647.7

24.0______

72.3

---______---

_________ 0.082

______

2-6-96 5-7-96 6-20-96 7-29-96 8-20-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 .0 10 20 .0 10

10 20 30 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

20 00

10 20

10 20 30

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10

Z 10

I

20

23500 600 700 800 500 600 700 800 500 600 700 800 500 600 700 800 500 600 700 800


24

0.20

CC DC zTO-15"J^

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1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

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1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

CO

£1

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993

CALENDAR YEAR

1994 1995 1996

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Big Muskego Lake, Bass Bay, near Muskego, Wisconsin.

25

425109088075000 BIG MUSKEGO LAKE NEAR WIND LAKE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°51'09", long 88°07'50", in SE 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.33, T.5 N., R.20 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, on left bank 8 ft upstream of dam outlet of Muskego Lake, 700 ft north of Muskego Dam Drive, 2 mi northeast of Wind Lake.

DRAINAGE AREA.--28.3 mi2 .

PERIOD OF RECORD.--October 1987 to September 1989, January 1991 to current year.

GAGE. Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 760.00 ft above sea level. October to December 1987 and January 1991 to September 1995, nonrecording gage at the same datum. December 1987 through September 1989, data collected using water-stage recorder at the same datum.

REMARKS.--Lake levels regulated by concrete dam with one 5-ft lift gate. Drawdown of lake for rehabilitation project started Sept. 14, 1995, and continued throughout the 1996 water year. Lake levels from mid-December to Sept. 30 affected by intermittent pumping. Lake levels after July 11 were less than 8.72 ft. Prior to October 1993, published as Muskego Lake Outlet near Wind Lake, WI.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum observed gage height, 12.60 ft, Oct. 7, 1991 and Aug. 8, 1994; minimum instanta neous, less than 8.72 ft, July 12 to Sept. 30, 1996, due to drawdown of lake.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum observed gage-height, 11.31 ft, Oct. 8; minimum instantaneous, less than 8.72 ft, July 12 to Sept. 30, due to drawdown of lake.


DAILY MEAN VALUES


1 10.83 10.69 8.63 8.90 8.73 9.68 2 10.93 10.70 9.92 8.73 8.81 8.79 9.68 3 10.96 10.59 9.16 8.84 8.81 9.63 4 10.99 10.68 8.78 9.31 8.83 9.01 9.47 5 11.10 10.64 8.63 8.70 9.10 9.37

6 11.18 10.58 8.59 8.76 9.28 9.257 11.25 10.61 9.88 8.58 8.63 9.59 9.15 8 11.29 10.52 8.80 8.63 9.49 8.94 9 11.28 10.47 9.06 8.66 9.46 8.90

10 11.26 10.56 - 8.71 9.17 9.40 8.72

11 11.21 10.71 8.83 9.25 9.41 8.72 12 11.20 10.65 8.94 8.92 9.30 13 11.13 10.64 8.72 8.87 9.19 14 11.10 10.61 - 9.58 8.81 8.87 9.19 --- -15 11.11 10.55 9.69 --- 8.99 8.98 9.08 -

16 11.07 10.51 9.08 9.09 9.04 17 10.94 10.46 9.03 9.11 9.3518 11.03 10.42 8.91 9.00 9.87 19 10.95 10.41 9.04 8.91 10.1220 10.96 10.38 9.08 9.25 10.23

21 10.92 10.39 9.22 9.33 10.25 22 10.89 10.33 9.35 9.19 10.31 23 10.80 10.29 9.32 9.54 10.26 24 10.69 10.25 9.00 8.83 9.59 10.22 25 10.77 10.21 8.75 9.25 10.12

26 10.78 10.18 8.89 9.24 10.03 27 10.78 10.36 8.66 9.03 9.96 28 10.81 10.15 --- 9.60 8.66 8.80 9.00 9.84 - --- ---29 10.77 9.24 9.39 8.95 9.61 30 10.75 8.80 8.74 9.76 31 10.72 --- --- --- --- 8.68 --- ---

MEAN 10.98 - --- 8.92 8.99 9.56 - ---MAX 11.29 9.39 9.59 10.31 ---MIN 10.69 --- - --- 8.58 8.63 8.73 -

26

05390750 BIG ST. GERMAIN LAKE NEAR LAKE TOMAHAWK, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°55'00", long 89°31 '55" in NE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.30, T.40 N., R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, at dam outlet, 7.7 mi northeast of Lake Tomahawk.


PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1991 to current year. Lake stages for previous years were recorded by Wisconsin Valley Improvement Company.

GAGE.-Nonrecording gage. Datum of gage is 1,580 ft, above sea level.

COOPERATION.-Lake stages provided by Wisconsin Valley Improvement Company.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 10.94 ft, Oct. 6, 1995; minimum observed, 8.16 ft, Jan. 26, 1996.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 10.94 ft, Oct. 6; minimum observed, 8.16 ft, Jan. 26.

DAY

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

OCT

10.8010.8010.7810.8010.84

10.9410.9010.8610.8210.78

10.7010.6410.6010.5810.54

10.4810.4610.4410.4610.46

10.4410.4810.5010.6210.60

10.6010.6410.6810.6810.6810.68

10.6510.9410.44

NOV

10.7610.7610.7610.7610.74

10.7410.7210.7010.6810.68

10.6610.6610.6610.60

10.30

10.08

9.96


DAILY MEAN VALUES

DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL

9.80 9.02 9.02 9.02 9.00

9.60 8.!

9.52

9.40

9.32

9.27

9.18

9.10 8.16

8.82

8.78

1.90 8.90

8.90

8.82

8.80

8.82

8.70

8.62

9.06

8.56

8.56

8.589.02

8.66

8.68

8.78

9.02

9.189.229.289.40

9.529.549.589.629.70

9.769.809.829.849.88

9.929.949.969.98

10.00

10.0410.0810.0810.1010.14

10.1610.2010.2410.2610.40

10.4410.4610.4810.5210.54

10.5410.5610.5410.5010.4810.48

10.2010.569.76

10.4810.5210.5610.5810.56

10.6410.6210.6010.5810.60

10.6410.6210.6010.5610.52

10.5010.5210.5610.5610.54

10.5210.5810.5810.6210.60

10.6010.6610.6810.6210.58

10.5810.6810.48

10.5210.6010.5610.5410.54

10.5410.5210.5610.5610.50

10.5210.5610.5810.5810.60

10.6410.6410.7810.7410.70

10.6810.6610.6210.5810.54

10.5010.5210.5410.5810.5810.58

10.5910.7810.50

AUG

10.5810.5810.5810.5810.60

10.7810.8010.7810.7610.72

10.6810.6410.6210.6010.58

10.5410.5610.5610.5410.50

10.5010.5810.5610.5610.54

10.5410.5210.5010.5010.5010.50

10.5910.8010.50

SEP

10.5010.4810.4810.5210.54

10.5610.5810.5810.6010.58

10.5810.5610.5610.5610.56

10.5410.5410.5210.5010.50

10.5010.5210.5210.5210.52

10.5210.5610.5610.5810.58

10.5410.6010.48

27

455557089311000 BIG ST. GERMAIN LAKE NEAR ST. GERMAIN, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 45°55'57", long 89°31'10", in NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.20, T.40 N., R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, 2.5 mi north west of St. Germain.

DRAINAGE AREA.--73.1 mi2.PERIOD OF RECORD.--February 1992 to current year.REMARKS.--Lake sampled near center of lake at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during March measurements. Water-quality analyses done

by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.


Mar. 12 May 16 June 25 July 24

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (|O.S/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (asIron, dissolved (Fe) (J.g/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) fig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|J.g/L)

Aug. 14

3.0

977.51.4______

12.2_________

___

___

___------

)

) ______

) ______

)

288.59

1046.95.0

______

0.5

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1

7976.151

10359220

3572

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<000000

110140

4

.510

.00

.002

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.6

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.14

.03

.30

.30

.44

.015

.009

.3

30.207675151

.49

359220

3372

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110140

-

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.4

.6

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.8

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.40

.40

.54

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.002

1.510,

817.8

19.0

4,9.4

---______------___---___

---

0.011

4.7

30.60

886.7

11.5__..

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___

---

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1.510,

857.4

20.5---___

2.8.5

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---___---___0.012______

5.2

28.57112

7.013.0___

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------___---------

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______0.095_________

1.510.

777.8

21.5______

2.8.7______---______---_________

---______---___0.011

___9.9

32.62106

7.015.0______

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0.08

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3-12-96 5-16-96 6-25-96 7-24-96 8-14-96

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454724091303600 BIG SISSABAGAMA LAKE NEAR STONE LAKE, WI

,loi

DRAINAGE AREA.--9.47 mi2.

LOCATION.-Lat 45°47'24", long 91°30'36", in NW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.6, T.38 N., R.9 W., Sawyer County, Hydrologic Unit 07050001, near Stone Lake.

LAKE-STAGE RECORDS

PERIOD OF RECORD.-April 1986 to current year.

GAGE.--Staff gage near lake outlet read by Richard Roehrich and John Eary.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD: Maximum gage height observed, 6.09 ft, May 7 and Sept. 15,1991; minimum observed, 4.78 ft, Sept. 15,16,1988.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 6.04 ft, Apr. 21-23; minimum observed, 5.49 ft, Mar. 13, and Sept. 20, 22-23.


DAILY MEAN VALUES


1 5.79 5.77 5.64 2 5.77 5.78 5.63 3 5.78 5.78 5.634 5.76 5.77 5.635 5.73 5.75 5.63

6 5.80 5.68 5.627 5.80 5.61 5.60 8 5.78 5.59 5.609 5.82 5.58 5.59

10 5.84 5.57

11 5.85 5.5712 5.83 5.58 - 13 5.82 5.6014 5.81 5.63 15 5.78 5.65

16 5.75 5.6517 5.72 5.6518 5.72 5.65 19 5.71 5.65 20 5.70 5.65

21 5.71 5.6522 5.71 5.65 23 5.73 5.65 24 5.79 5.6525 5.80 5.65

26 5.79 5.65 27 5.80 5.65 28 5.79 5.65 29 5.79 5.6430 5.78 5.64 31 5.77

MEAN 5.77 5.65 MAX 5.85 5.78 ---MIN 5.70 5.57

5

555

66665

55555

___

___

.49

___

.87

.93

.98

.04

.04

.04

.00

.99

.98

.98

.96

.95

.91---

_________

55.5,5,5,

5,5,5,5,5,

5,5,5,5,5,

5,5,5,5,5,

5,5.5.5.5.

5.5.5.5.5.5.

5,5,5,

.90

.87

.86

.85

.87

.86

.85

.82

.81

.80

.78

.77

.76

.77

.76

.75

.73

.73

.98

.99

.99

.96

.96

.93

.87

.86

.83

.80

.80

.79

.79

.84

.99

.73

5.5.5.5.5.

5.5.5.5.5.

5.5.5.5.5.

5.5.5.5.5.

5.5.5.5.5.

5.6.6.6.6.-

5.6.5.

7887888786

8786868584

8382828079

7982858584

8684858584

9903020201--

870378

65555

55555

55555

555

55555

555555

.00

.99

.96

.94

.91

.90

.97

.97

.95

.92

.90

.93

.91

.89

.89

______.91.92.89

.89

.85

.83

.87

.86

.85

.83

.89

.87

.86

.86

_________

5,5,5,5,5,

5.5.5.5.5.

5.5.5.5.5.

5.5.5.5.5.

5.5.5.5.5.

5.5.5.5.5.5.

5.5.5.

.84

.84

.83

.81

.81

.81

.86

.83

.79

.79

.78

.78

.77

.75

.75

.74

.73

.72

.74

.73

.71

.75

.74,73,71

,70,69,68.66,66,65

.75

.86

.65

55555

55555

55555

55555

55555

55555

555

.65

.62

.65

.66

.66

.64

.63

.63

.62

.61

.60

.60

.57

.56

.54

.51

.51

.51

.50

.49

.51

.49

.49

.51

.51

.52

.53

.53

.53

.53 -

.56

.66

.49

30

454724091303600 BIG SISSABAGAMA LAKE NEAR STONE LAKE, WI--CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY RECORDS

PERIOD OF RECORD.--March 1986 to current year.REMARKS.--Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during March measurements. Water-quality analyses done by

Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.


Mar. 13 May 15 June 25

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance ((iS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCO3Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaCO3Sulfate, dissolved (SO4)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (SiO2)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) |ig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) |ig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L)

July 24 Aug. 20

3.0

667.12.0___

10.8

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435.49

1357.05.0______

0.0____________

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1

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3972

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1.55.

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423706088363400 DELAVAN LAKE NEAR DELAVAN, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°36'27", long 88°36'19", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.28, T.2 N., R.16 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Delavan Lake Sanitary District Lift Station No. 2 at Delavan Lake Yacht Club, 1.0 mi southeast of outlet, and 2.7 mi southeast of Delavan.

DRAINAGE AREA.--41.4 mi2 , of which 2.3 mi2 is non-contributing. Area of Delavan Lake, 2,072 acres.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1983 to current year. October 1983 to September 1985 data published in Water Resources Investigation series report "Water Quality and Hydrology of Delavan Lake in Southeastern Wisconsin" by Stephen J. Field and Marvin D. Duerk.

GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 922.92 ft above sea level. Prior to Sept. 5,1989, staff gage at bridge on North Shore Drive at same datum.

REMARKS. No estimated daily gage heights. Records good. Lake was ice covered from Dec. 16 to Mar. 31. Lake levels controlled by Delavan Lake Sanitary District. Prior to Mar. 20,1995, lake levels were controlled by Town of Delavan.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 6.19 ft, Feb. 21, 1994; minimum daily, -4.44 ft Nov. 6,1989 (lake drawn down for lake rehabilitation program).

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height, 5.86 ft, June 18,19; minimum, 4.55 ft, Sept. 25, 26.

DAY OCT NOV


DAILY MEAN VALUES

DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

4.804.794.784.784.77

4.914.974.974.964.95

4.944.934.924.924.89

4.874.864.854.854.86

4.874.874.874.894.88

4.894.934.984.984.984.97

4.894.984.77

4.995.065.065.045.04

5.035.055.045.035.06

5.125.085.055.045.03

5.035.025.025.025.03

5.035.015.004.994.99

4.985.025.085.065.06

5.045.124.98

5.075.075.075.085.09

5.075.075.065.055.03

5.025.015.015.015.00

4.974.954.934.934.93

4.934.934.934.934.92

4.924.914.914.914.904.90

4.985.094.90

4.904.904.904.904.90

4.904.904.904.904.89

4.914.924.924.914.91

4.904.925.005.015.00

5.015.015.025.035.03

5.045.055.045.035.014.98

4.965.054.89

4.964.944.924.904.88

4.874.864.854.884.92

4.954.964.964.974.98

4.984.974.954.954.94

4.934.924.914.934.93

4.934.944.944.94

4.934.984.85

4.934.924.904.894.89

4.884.884.874.874.86

4.854.864.874.884.89

4.894.884.884.894.89

4.884.894.894.894.92

4.914.904.904.904.904.92

4.894.934.85

4.914.914.914.924.92

4.924.924.924.924.92

4.924.924.924.915.01

5.065.075.095.125.16

5.145.115.075.055.02

4.994.964.924.954.99

4.985.164.91

4.994.984.964.964.95

4.944.934.924.945.05

5.045.015.015.025.02

5.025.025.035.035.10

5.265.175.075.025.00

5.004.984.985.025.025.01

5.015.264.92

5.015.145.175.185.18

5.235.305.255.165.11

5.055.004.984.995.00

5.005.315.815.825.67

5.515.365.215.105.00

4.994.994.984.974.97

5.185.824.97

4.974.964.954.944.93

4.934.924.914.904.88

4.874.864.864.864.86

4.854.884.964.974.95

4.944.924.924.914.90

4.884.894.894.884.874.86

4.914.974.85

4.854.844.834.824.81

4.894.914.924.914.89

4.884.874.874.864.84

4.824.824.814.814.82

4.824.824.824.824.81

4.804.784.774.764.764.75

4.834.924.75

4.744.734.734.724.72

4.714.704.704.704.69

4.684.664.634.614.61

4.604.594.584.584.57

4.574.574.574.564.56

4.604.664.664.634.62___

4.644.744.56

33

423556088365001 DELAVAN LAKE AT CENTER NEAR DELAVAN LAKE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°35'56", long 88°36'50", in SE 1/4 SW 1/4, sec.28, T.2 N., R.16 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001,2.6 mi southeast of Delavan.

DRAINAGE AREA.-41.4 mi2, of which 2.3 mi2 is non-contributing. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1983 to current year. REMARKS. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by the U.S. Geological Survey National Water

Quality Laboratory.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, NOVEMBER 22, 1995 TO MAY 13, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Nov. 22 Feb. 29 Apr. 22 May 13

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductancepH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCO3Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaCO3Sulfate, dissolved (SO4)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (SiO2)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, N02 + NO3, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) jig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) jig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L)

11-22-95

1.5 5.

5788.14.0

4.11.7______

0.24 0.600.840.0780.066___ 1.7

53 ,01580

84--

,911-----------.----00---

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.0-- -- ---- -- --.086.042--

1

56383--

19----------_.000000-_8

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2..8-----_---_ --.21.00.60.81.069.001--__.9

53 .94920

7.54.0

.1

0.6

____________

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0.2400.190

1

5928870

112404333263

190306000

320--0000

1091

.5 5

.4.5

.306

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.6

----.70.70.071.032

.2

53 .11595

87100

.410

2404332263

190306000

317--0000

128-

.3.5

.30

.6

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.8

-- .80.80.086.012

1.5 5,

5978.3

11.0

8,10.3______

0.250.050.600.850.0690.043

0.2

53 .01606

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SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICRO-SIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

34

423556088365001 DELAVAN LAKE AT CENTER NEAR DELAVAN LAKE, WI--CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY DATA, JUNE 12 TO AUGUST 13, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

June 12 July 16

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (|iS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L)

1

5908

17.

80000000

.5 5.C

.35

8..9.29.00.60

.072

.018

.1

54 )0616

712

.11

00-

.7.5

.8

.170

.100--

1.5

5518.7

24.0

10.9

___

9.8

21

5758

222.3

5

00-

4.85

.2.0

.3

.070

.039--

36

6187

14

0

00-

.6.0

.2

.170

.140--

52

6327

13

0

00-

.6.0

.1

.450

.210--

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (|iS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L)

1

512 8

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35

SECCHI DEP

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423556088365001 DELAVAN LAKE AT CENTER NEAR DELAVAN LAKE, WI--CONTINUED

ADDITIONAL WATER-QUALITY DATA, APRIL 24 TO SEPTEMBER 25, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Apr. 24 May 01 May 21 May 30 June 05 June 10 June 20 June 25 July 02 July 09

Depth of sample (ft) Lake stage (ft) Water temperature (°C) Secchi-depth (meters) Phosphorus, total (as P)

July 23 July 31 Aug. 07 Aug. 20 Aug. 26 Sept.03 Sept.10 Sept.18 Sept. 25

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Water temperature (°C)Secchi-depth (meters)Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.077 0.042 0.034 0.035 0.030 0.027 0.027 0.054 0.080

1.55.05

10.09.10.070

1.54.998.57.00.060

1.55.26

14.58.70.068

1.55.02

14.08.40.062

1.55.18

16.07.90.069

1.55.11

16.57.30.070

1.55.67

22.52.70.091

1.55.00

25.55.50.095

1.54.96

25.34.30.060

1.54.90

1.80.088

1.54.92

22.52.4

1.54.86

22.02.1

1.54.91

25.01.7

1.54.82

24.02.3

1.54.80

24.52.0

1.54.73

24.52.4

1.54.69

25.02.4

1.54.58

19.52.4

1.54.56

17.52.1

423659088354401 DELAVAN LAKE, AT NORTH END, NEAR LAKE LAWN, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°36'59", long 88°35'44", in NW 1/4 SW 1/4, sec.22, T.2 N., R.16 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001,2.6 mi southeast of Delavan.

DRAINAGE AREA.--41.4 mi2, of which 2.3 mi2 is non-contributing. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1983 to current year.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, APRIL 22 TO AUGUST 13, 1996

Apr. 22 May 13 June 12 July 16 Aug. 13

Secchi-depth (meters) 4.7 5.6 7.5 2.0 1.4

423526088380101 DELAVAN LAKE, AT SW END, NEAR DELAVAN LAKE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°35'26", long 88°38'01", in SE 1/4 NW 1/4, sec.32, T.2 N., R.16 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001,2.6 mi southeast of Delavan.

DRAINAGE AREA.-41.4 mi2 , of which 2.3 mi2 is non-contributing. PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1983 to current year.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, APRIL 22 TO AUGUST 13, 1996

Apr. 22 May 13 June 12 July 16 Aug. 13

Secchi-depth (meters) 5.3 8.1 9.0 2.6 1.4

37

425044088100300 DENOON LAKE AT WIND LAKE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°50144", long 88°10'03", in SW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.32, T.5 N., R.20 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at WindLake.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1991 to current year. REMARKS.-Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by


WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 06 TO AUGUST 19,1996(Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Feb. 06

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductancepH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCO3Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaCO3Sulfate, dissolved (SO4)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (SiO2)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (asIron, dissolved (Fe) ng/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) ng/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton ([ig/L)

Apr. 10 June 11 July 17 Aug. 19

3.0

4868.32.5______

14.4_________

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2-6-96 4-10-96 6-11-96 7-17-96

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05404500 DEVILS LAKE NEAR BARABOO, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°25'18", long 89°43'38", in SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.13, T.ll N., R.6 E., Sauk County, Hydrologic Unit 07070004, in Devils Lake State Park, 3.5 mi south of Baraboo.

DRAINAGE AREA.~4.79 mi2 . Area of Devils Lake, 361 acres.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-June 1922 to August 1930, June to August 1932, June 1934 to September 1981 (fragmentary). October 1981 to September 1984, data unpublished in district files. October 1984 to current year.

REVISED RECORDS.-WDR WI-78-1: Drainage area.

GAGE.-Water-stage recorder installed July 17,1991. Datum of gage is 955.00 ft, above sea level.

REMARKS.-Records good. Lake has no surface outlet.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 14.13 ft, July 18, 1993; minimum observed, 1.49 ft Feb. 8, 1965.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum recorded gage height, 11.08 ft, June 21; minimum recorded, 8.08 ft, Jan. 1.

OCT

3.433.423.453.443.43


DAILY MEAN VALUES

NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN

.39

.48

.48

.46

.45

.24

.24

.23

.23

.22

.10

.10

.10

.10

9.149.149.159.159.14

9.739.859.869.869.86

JUL

10.8810.8610.8210.7910.76

AUG

10.3510.3410.3010.2810.28

SEP

9.679.659.629.609.58

10

1112131415

1617181920

1.57 !.55 !.54 i.53

.49

.46

.43

.41

.39

.36

.36

.35

.43

.41

.40

.39

.37

.36

.35

.34

.33

.32

.31

.30

.29

.28

.28

.20

.19

.19

.18

.17

.17

.16

.17

.18

.18

.18

.17

.16

.16

.16

8.82

8.35

8.32

9.149.139.159.199.39

9.479.499.519.549.62

9.669.699.729.749.76

9.879.919.939.939.93

9.939.939.929.919.90

9.8810.3610.9311.0011.03

10.7210.6910.6610.6110.58

10.5410.5410.5210.5010.47

10.4410.4210.6710.6810.65

10.3210.3110.2810.2510.23

10.1910.1610.1410.1110.08

10.0610.0310.0010.009.97

9.569.539.519.499.46

9.439.399.359.319.27

9.259.229.209.189.17

2122232425

262728293031

.34

.33

.31

.31

.30

.28

.30

.33

.32

.30

.30

.26

.25

.23

.22

.20

.19

.24

.27

.26

.25

.15

.15

.14

.13

.13

.13

.13

.13

.13

.13

.11

8.98

9.789.789.799.80

9.799.789.769.769.749.73

11.0411.0411.0311.0110.99

10.9710.9510.9310.9110.91

10.6210.5910.5610.5310.50

10.4710.4510.4510.4410.4110.38

9.969.949.919.889.85

9.829.799.779.749.729.70

9.169.139.119.089.07

.07

.07

.05

.02

MEANMAXMIN

.33

.48

.19

8.178.248.11

9.539.809.13

10.3811.049.73

10.5910.8810.38

10.0610.359.70

9.319.679.00

05404500 WATER YEAR MIN MAX WATER LEVEL

10

55 1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995

40

431643088243300 DRUID LAKE NEAR HARTFORD, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°16'43" long 88°24'33", in NW 1/4 ME 1/4 sec.6, T.9 N., R.18 E., Washington County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, 3.2 mi southwest of Hartford.

LAKE-STAGE RECORDS

PERIOD OF RECORD.-June 1991 to current year.

GAGE. Staff gage read by Bill Noennig at his residence.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 13.22 ft, June 19, 1996; minimum observed, 10.71 ft, Sept. 21,1996.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 13.22 ft, June 19; minimum observed, 10.71 ft, Sept. 21.


DAILY MEAN VALUES


1 10.932 11.57 3 10.87 10.874 5 11.03

6 7 11.13 8 12.12 11.379 12.43 11.07

10 12.43 10.82

11 12 12.01 13 11.92 11.3114 11.71 10.97 15

16 11.47 17 10.93 12.15 1 8 11.41 12.9119 13.22 11.62 20 13.04 11.17

21 12.81 10.7122 12.61 23 12.41 11.45 24 12.2125 11.13 12.03

26 2728 10.97 29 11.77 11.25 3031 10.93

41

431643088243300 DRUID LAKE NEAR HARTFORD, WI-CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1991 to current year.REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by

Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 09 TO AUGUST 09, 1996

(Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated) Feb. 09 Apr. 24 June 13 July 24 Aug. 09

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (fiS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCO3Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaCO3Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) jig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) jig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L)

3.0

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_______________

______

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2-9-96 4-24-96 6-13-96 7-24-96 8-9-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER10

10 20

20 00

30

10 20 10 20 10U

10

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50££

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_

05544500 EAGLE LAKE NEAR KANSASVILLE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°42'30", long 88°06'55", in SE 1/4 NE 1/4 (corrected), sec.22, T.3 N., R.20 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, 1.5 mi northwest of Kansasville.


PERIOD OF RECORD.--1936-64, 1975-77, 1979, and February 1993 to current year (intermittent). Unpublished intermittent records from October 1940 to July 1979.

GAGE. 1936-79, nonrecording gage at different datum; 1993-96, assumed datum, staff located at residence of observer, Virginia Jochimsen.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD 1936-64, 1975-77, 1979.-Maximum gage height observed, 7.80 ft, July 1, 1942; minimum observed, 4.31 ft, Jan. 22, 1964.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD 1993-96.-Maximum gage height observer, 12.25 ft, Apr. 22,1993; minimum observer, 10.37 ft, Feb. 2,1993.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 12.09 ft, June 5; minimum observed, 10.51 ft, Sept. 25.


DAILY MEAN VALUESDAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP

1 11.54 -2 11.653 11.53 4 11.29 10.835 11.28 12.09

6 11.49 - 7 11.23 8 11.63 11.48 9

10 11.39 11.47 11.41

11 11.47 10.7912 11.68 1314 11.09 15 11.69 11.59

1617 11.79 11.37 18 11.39 10.7519 11.7520 11.01

21 10.99 22 11.71 11.79 11.85 23 24 11.79 11.3325 11.43 10.51

26 11.7127 28 10.89 ---29 11.63 11.26 30 11.76 11.51 31 11.29

44

424207088072400 EAGLE LAKE, AT DEEP HOLE, NEAR KANSASVILLE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°42'07", long 88°07'24", in SE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.22, T.3 N., R.20 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006,1.5 mi north west of Kansasville.

DRAINAGE AREA.--6.99 mi2.PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1993 to current year.REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by

Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 05 TO AUGUST 20,1996

(Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)Feb. 05 Apr. 22 June 12 July 29 Aug. 20

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (US/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) Jig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) p.g/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton

3.011

6807.52.5______

-6.7_________________________________

I)

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12.28691

7.44.0______

2.8___

________________________

_____________________

1

5548

12.252

92605330174

150634106

3420

<00010

<0

.511

.00

.71

.9

.2

.0

.30

.03

.90

.90

.2

.033

.002

11.79555

812.202

.311

2605330174

160634106

3400

<00010

<0

.00

.5

.1

.2

.0

.29

.03

.80

.80

.1

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1.511.

4638.8

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0.026___

11.68487

8.416.0

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4548.7

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2-5-96 4-22-96 6-12-96 7-29-96 8-20-96

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10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 0 10 20 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

20

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12 12 12400 600 800 400 600 800 400 600 800 400 600

SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS800

45

0.10

fE £ o.08

OSO.06

g (3 0.04Q.-J cod

JFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASOND 1993 1994 1995 1996

50

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JFMAMJJASOND 1993

J FMAMJ JASOND 1994

JFMAMJJASOND 1995

J FMAMJ JASOND 1996

JFMAMJJASOND 1993


JFMAMJJASOND 1996

CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Eagle Lake (Deep Hole) near Kansasville, Wisconsin.

46

425103088261500 EAGLE SPRING LAKE AT EAGLEVILLE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°51'03", long 88°26'15", in SE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.36, T.5 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, atEagleville.

DRAINAGE AREA.--33.2 mi2 . PERIOD OF RECORD.--April 1991 to current year.REMARKS. Lake sampled near southeast end at a lake depth of about 8 ft. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality

analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. Lake-stage readings from 1991 to 1993 (except 2/4/93 and 4/19/93) were previously reported 1 ft too high.


Feb. 08 Apr. 09 June 04 July 10 Aug. 05

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (us/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) |Ag/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) (Ag/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|Ag/L)

2-8-96 4-9-96 6-4-96 7-10-96 8-5-96

1.0 5.09.61

552 6247.4 7.43.0 4.0

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423051088155300 ELIZABETH LAKE NEAR TWIN LAKES, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°30'51", long 88°15'53", in NW 1/4 SW1/4 sec.28, T. 1 N., R. 19 E., Kenosha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, near Twin Lakes.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-February to August 1995.

REMARKS. Lake sampled at the deepest point near north side of lake. Lake was ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.



Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)

3.0 31 1.5 31 1.5 32 1.5 32 1.5 3211.03 10.98 12.15 11.50 11.54

Specific conductance (US/cm) 593 615 541 543 527 553 525 577 521 604pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCO3

8.2 7.8 8.2 8.2 8.6 7.7 8.5 7.5 8.3 7.32.0 5.0 11.5 10.0 17.0 14.0 24.0 14.5 25.5 15.0 10 10 1.1 i_ 8

3.3 2.4 1.7 2.715.2 6.5 10.9 10.3 9.5 0.8 8.1 0.3 7.6 0.2 240 250

Calcium, dissolved (Ca) --- - 39 39 --- --- --- - ---Magnesium, dissolved (Mg) --- - 35 36 --- --- --- Sodium, dissolved (Na) --- --- 20 21 --- - --- - ---Potassium, dissolved (K) 2 2 - Alkalinity, as CaCO3 170 160 - Sulfate, dissolved (SO4) 35 35 - Chloride, dissolved (Cl) 46 46 - Fluoride, dissolved (F) 0.1 0.1 - - Silica, dissolved (SiO2) . 0.7 1.1 - Solids, dissolved, at 180 C 320 312 Nitrogen, N02 + NO3, diss. (as N) - 0.16 0.15 - - - Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) --- --- 0.11 0.12 --- - --- - Nitrogen, amm. + org.,Nitrogen, total (as NPhosphorus, total (as

total (as N) - 0.70 0.70 - 0.86 0.85

P) 0.013 0.015 0.015 0.026 0.011 0.059 0.009 0.066Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P) <0.002 <0.002 - - Iron, dissolved (Fe) (i.g/L - - <10 <10 --- --- - - ---Manganese, dissolved (Mn) ng/L --- - <0.4 <0.4 --- --- - - --- ---Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton ^g/L) 5.1 11 4.4 - 3.9

2-5-96

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1996

CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Elizabeth Lake near Twin Lakes, Wisconsin.

50

05406050 FISH LAKE NEAR SAUK CITY, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°17'02", long 89°39'15" in NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.3, T.9 N., R.7 E., Dane County, Hydrologic Unit 07070005, on south side of lake near Gamer's Tavern and Dance Hall, 0.4 mi southwest of Crystal Lake, and 3.1 mi east of Sauk City.

DRAINAGE AREA.--2.23 mi2. Area of Fish Lake, 252 acres.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1966 to September 1981, April 1985 to May 1987, May 1988, April 1989 to October 11, 1990 (fragmentary); continuous record from Oct. 23, 1990 to current year.

REVISED RECORDS.-WDRWI-92-1: Drainage area. WDRWI-87-1: All published values for the 1987 water year are invalid. Two valid values for water years 1987 and 1988 are available: May 7,1987, water surface 10.52 ft, and May 16,1988, water surface 10.83 ft.

GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 848.07 ft above sea level. Prior to Oct. 23,1990, nonrecording gage.

REMARKS. Lake has no surface outlet.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 11.34 ft, June 21-23, 1996; minimum observed, 3.02 ft, Aug. 29,1970.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 11.34ft, June 21-23; minimum observed, 10.31 ft, Oct. I,2,and5.


DAILY MEAN VALUES

NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

OCT

10.3210.3110.3310.3210.32

10.4610.4610.4510.4510.44

10.4310.4310.4210.4010.38

10.3610.3510.3410.3510.37

10.3710.3510.3510.3510.34

10.3410.4010.4410.4410.4210.42

10.3810.4610.31

10.4910.5310.5210.5010.49

10.4910.4810.4710.4610.47

10.4810.4710.4610.4610.45

10.4510.4510.4410.4410.45

10.4410.4210.4210.4110.40

10.4010.4810.4910.4910.49

10.4610.5310.40

10.4910.4810.4810.4810.48

10.4810.4710.4710.48

10.46

10.68

10.68

10.6810.6610.6610.6610.65

10.6510.6410.6510.6610.79

10.7910.7610.7510.7510.77

10.7710.7810.7910.7910.80

10.8110.8010.8110.8010.78

10.7810.7710.7710.7610.7410.73

10.7410.8110.64

10.7310.8110.8110.8010.80

10.8210.8810.8910.8810.88

10.8810.8810.8810.8810.87

10.8511.1411.2711.2711.27

11.2811.3411.3311.3311.32

11.3111.3011.3011.2811.28

11.0511.3410.73

JUL

11.2711.2611.2411.2211.20

11.1811.1611.1411.1211.10

11.0811.0811.0711.0611.04

11.0211.0111.1411.1611.14

11.1211.1111.0911.0811.07

11.0611.0711.0711.0611.0511.03

11.1111.2711.01

AUG

11.0211.0111.0010.9811.01

11.1111.1111.0911.0711.05

11.0311.0111.0010.9810.96

10.9510.9310.9210.9310.97

10.9610.9510.9410.9210.91

10.8910.8710.8610.8510.8310.81

10.9711.1110.81

05406050 WATER YEAR MIN_MAX WATER LEVELrrr

SEP

10.8010.7910.7810.7710.76

10.7410.7310.7210.7210.71

10.6910.6710.6410.6010.58

10.5810.5610.5410.5310.53

10.5210.5110.5010.4910.48

10.4910.5110.4910.4710.46

10.6110.8010.46

1935 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995

51

433632088100200 FOREST LAKE NEAR DUNDEE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°36'32", long 88°10'02", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.12, T.13 N., R.19 E., Fond du Lac County, Hydrologic Unit 04040003, 3 misouth of Dundee.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1994 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled at north end at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by



Feb. 14 May 01 June 26 July 23 Aug. 21

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance ()iS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) )ig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) )ig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton ()ig/L)

2-14-96

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138 130 <0.01 <0.01

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1.5 27 1.5 27 1.5 278.97 9.01 8.77

194 241 170 232 170 2439.0 7.4 9.3 7.1 9.2 7.0

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5-1-96 6-26-96

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7-23-96 8-21-96


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"150 200 250 300 "150 200 250 300 "150 200 250 300 "150 200 250 300 150 200 250 300 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

52

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430653088294601 CENTER OF FOWLER LAKE AT OCONOMOWOC, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°06'53", long 88°29'46", in SE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.33, T.8 N., R. 17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, within City of Oconomowoc, at center of Fowler Lake.


LAKE-STAGE RECORDS

PERIOD OF RECORD.--January to December 1984, October 1986 to current year.

GAGE.-Staff gage at outlet read by James E. Lamp from the Department of Public Works, City of Oconomowoc.

REMARKS. Flows regulated at upstream lakes.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 9.96 ft, July 7,1993; minimum observed, 7.72 ft, July 12,1995.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.--Maximum gage height observed, 9.48 ft, June 28; minimum observed, 8.56 ft, June 4.


DAILY MEAN VALUES


1 8.80 8.722 8.923 9.06 4 8.78 8.66 8.565

6 8.84 8.80 8.86 7 9.00 8 8.789 8.96 8.88

10

11 8.7612 8.82 8.60 13 8.84 9.2614 8.78 8.84 8.9415 8.94 8.76

16 8.94 17 9.38 18 8.80 8.6419 8.78 20 8.72

21 8.72 8.78 2223 8.90 8.9224 8.78 8.80 8.96 25 8.70

26 8.8627 28 8.86 8.74 9.48 29 8.92 8.88 ---30 31 8.76 8.98

54

430653088294601 CENTER OF FOWLER LAKE AT OCONOMOWOC, WI--CONTINUED


PERIOD OF RECORD.--January to December 1984 and February 1987 to current year.REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by



Feb. 08 Apr. 11 June 13 July 24

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (^S/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCO3Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaCO3Sulfate, dissolved (SO4)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) |J.g/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) |ig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L)

Aug. 06

3.0

5118.11.5______

11.1

____________

_________ ___

I) ___

I)

>)

___,)

488.78

5607.73.5___

2.6

____________

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1

53687.150

122504634172

2102637<02

3240

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03

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.7

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4971638

74101

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2604735322

220276107

3840000100

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0.144___

2-8-96

10

10 20 30

4-11-96 6-13-96 7-24-96 8-6-96

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER10

10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 "0 10 20 30


20

10 20 30


8 9 10u

I- 10IIIIII

H 30Q_III0

40

v\

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8 9 10

S.C. PH

6 8 9 10 8 9 10 8 9 10

400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700 400 500 600 700

SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROS!EMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

55

o

CCCC2 H 0.03

JSPHORUS CONCI 1ILLIGRAMS PER L

o 8

I 2 0.01i"H o

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1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

oPDC< UJ DC t 6

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1984 1985

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1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

0)1ccUJ§ 2fa0. UJ Q

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1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations and Secchi depths for Center of Fowler Lake at Oconomowoc, Wisconsin.


56

434918088553601 GREEN LAKE AT COUNTY TRUNK HIGHWAY A NEAR GREEN LAKE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 43°49'18", long 88°55'36" in NE 1/4 SE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.27, T.16 N., R.13 E., Green Lake County, Hydrologic Unit 04030201, on left bank at downstream side of County Trunk Highway A, 2.3 mi southeast of Green Lake.

DRAINAGE AREA.--103 mi2 .

PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1993 to current year.

GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 790.00 ft above sea level.

REMARKS.-No estimated daily gage heights. Records good except for October to February, which are fair. Lake level regulated by dam at outlet at Green Lake. Gage-height telemeter at station.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum recorded gage height, 7.03 ft, June 20, 1996; minimum recorded, 5.41 ft, Jan. 17, 1995.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.~Maximum recorded gage height, 7.03 ft, June 20; minimum recorded, 5.72 ft, Dec. 30, 31, Jan. 2, 3, 8,9, and 10.


DAILY MEAN VALUES


12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

6.096.046.096.106.07

6.296.386.386.416.42

6.426.416.416.406.33

6.276.256.206.196.20

6.196.136.096.146.10

6.076.116.146.146.116.09

6.216.426.04

6.186.296.326.266.24

6.236.236.216.186.17

6.196.156.146.126.11

6.096.086.086.066.09

6.056.026.015.995.97

5.965.986.005.995.98---

6.116.325.96

5.985.965.965.945.99

5.985.925.905.965.87

5.835.805.805.845.83

5.825.815.805.805.80

5.785.785.785.775.76

5.755.745.745.745.735.74

5.845.995.73

5.745.745.755.765.75

5.745.745.745.745.74

5.755.765.765.765.76

5.765.765.865.996.00

6.016.066.076.106.10

6.106.166.156.156.146.14

5.906.165.74

6.126.116.106.086.07

6.066.056.046.036.03

6.056.066.066.066.06

6.066.056.046.036.02

6.016.006.006.016.03

6.066.116.136.13

6.066.136.00

6.126.126.126.106.10

6.096.086.086.066.02

6.016.006.026.066.09

6.116.126.126.136.13

6.126.126.136.166.22

6.236.236.246.246.256.27

6.136.276.00

6.276.286.286.316.31

6.316.316.316.316.31

6.316.316.326.316.34

6.386.386.406.456.50

6.526.526.516.506.52

6.506.476.456.446.49

6.396.526.27

6.486.476.466.456.43

6.436.426.416.406.46

6.476.456.446.436.44

6.436.436.456.456.44

6.446.446.406.376.36

6.366.346.326.326.316.31

6.416.486.31

6.316.426.446.446.44

6.456.496.526.536.53

6.536.546.546.536.50

6.506.866.977.027.02

7.006.966.896.856.80

6.776.756.746.736.72

6.667.026.31

6.686.676.646.616.60

6.586.576.556.506.48

6.466.456.466.466.45

6.446.426.516.566.53

6.526.526.506.496.47

6.456.436.426.436.426.41

6.516.686.41

6.396.386.366.356.37

6.446.456.446.406.37

6.366.366.346.346.31

6.296.286.266.266.27

6.266.296.296.296.28

6.256.246.236.236.226.22

6.326.456.22

6.216.206.196.186.18

6.176.166.166.176.17

6.176.136.096.076.05

6.036.026.016.016.00

6.006.026.006.015.99

5.976.016.005.975.96___

6.086.215.96

57

453421091333700 HEMLOCK LAKE NEAR MIKANA, WI

LOCATION.~Lat 45°34'21", long 91°33'37", in SE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.26, T.36 N., R.10 W, Barron County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, 2.5 misoutheast of Mikana.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1993 to August 1994 and March to September 1996. REMARKS. Lake sampled at deep hole near center of lake. Lake ice-covered during March sampling. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin

State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MARCH 12 TO AUGUST 21,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (jiS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenPhosphorus, total (as P)Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton

Ma

3.010

1096.52.0

8.3

r. 12

19.05161

64

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.0

May

1.510.

778.0

11.51.

10.50.034

14

09

1969

7779

890-

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1

817

20.

80

12

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.5 2010.65

110.3 60 131.5

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.029 0-

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1

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80

12

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1

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2170185

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3-12-96 5-9-96 6-25-96 7-23-96 8-21-96

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453554092042101 KIRBY LAKE NEAR CUMBERLAND, WI

LOCATION.--Lat45 0 35'54", long 92°04'54", in SW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 14, T.36 N., R.14 W, Barron County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approx imately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1995 through October 1996 (discontinued).

GAGE.--Water-stage recorder set to local arbitrary datum.

REMARKS. Records are good. Records for many days before Mar. 13 are missing owing to recording equipment malfunction.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 9.24 ft, May 20, 1996; minimum observed, 7.61 ft, Oct 16.

DAY

12345

6 " 7

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

NOV

9.019.02

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, NOVEMBER 1995 TO OCTOBER 1996

DAILY MEAN VALUES

JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG

68.65

68.85

e8.75

e8.75 e8.90

.45

.45

SEP OCT

.__

.__

.__

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1717151522

232323232323

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8.8.8.8.8.

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8.8.8.8.8.

8.8.8.8.8.

8.8.8.8.8.

8.8.8.8.8.-

8.8.8.

2323232323

2323232320

2431353740

4553678493

9595939189

8785827975

549520

8.728.698.688.668.72

8.748.738.738.728.71

8.688.658.638.638.67

8.678.678.679.159.24

9.199.139.089.059.00

8.968.928.898.858.828.78

8.829.248.63

8.8.8.8.8.

8.8.8.8.8.

8.8.8.8.8.

8.8.8.8.8.

8.8.8.8.8.

8.8.8.8.8.-

8.8.8.

8185848281

8077757371

6968656360

6169696968

6868686766

8299999692

759960

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8.8.8.8.8.

8.8.8.8.8.

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8.8.8.

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.69

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555455535150

729750

8.488.478.458.428.44

8.448.528.498.478.45

8.438.418.398.398.36

8.348.328.318.298.28

8.268.278.258.228.20

8.188.168.148.128.118.09

8.338.528.09

8.8.8.8.8.

8.8.8.8.8.

8.7.7.7.7.

7.7.7 .7.7.

7.7.7.7.7.

7.7.7.7.7.-

7.8.7.

0705060504

0605040201

0097959392

9189888685

8484838381

8285858483

930781

7.827.807.787.767.74

7.737.717.707.707.68

7.667.657.647.637.62

7.617.717.707.687.67

7.667.667.797.827.81

7.817.807.787.817.857.83

7.737.857.61

Estimated

60

453608092035801 KIRBY LAKE (SITE 1) NEAR CUMBERLAND, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°36'08", long 92°03'58", in NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.14, T.36 N., R. 14 W, Barron County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approx imately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1995 through November 1996 (discontinued).

REMARKS. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. Lake was ice-covered during January and March measure ments.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, NOVEMBER 01, 1995 TO MAY 10, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)

Nov. 01 Jan. 24 Mar. 14 May 08 May 10

1.5 15 2.5 17 4.0 17 1.5 17 1.59.01 8.45 8.19 8.71

Specific conductance (jiS/cm) 30 31 21 23 23 32 33 -pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenAlkalinity, as CaCO3Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Nitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss.

5.8 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.5 2.5 1.5 2.0 12.5 8.5

1.8 1.811.0 11.0 3.2 3.3 2.3 10.5 8.7

6 6 7 0.9

(as N) 0.08 Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N) - - --- --- <0.03 ---Nitrogen, organic, total (as N) - - --- - - 0.60 ---Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N) - - - - 0.60 ---Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)

0.68 0.023 0.022 0.030 0.018 0.024 0.027 0.030 0.023

Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L) 6.4 - 7.4

11-01-95 1-24-96 3-14-96 5-8-96


0 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20 0 10 20

KLU 5LULLZt" 10Q-LUQ

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61

453608092035801 KIRBY LAKE (SITE 1) NEAR CUMBERLAND, WI-CONTINUED

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (US/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenPhosphorus, total (as P)Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton

WATER-QUALITY DATA, JUNE 27 TO NOVEMBER 06,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

June 27 June 29 July 25 Aug. 22 Nov. 06

1.58.

165.5

21.51.

7.70.0425.3

1899

295

137

0--

.6.5

.0--

188

295

13--00-

.96

.6.5-.0.054

1.58.

336.2

22.52.

7.30.0245.7

1756

455

140

00-

.6.5

.1

.081

1.58.

196.7

24.52.

7.90.0254.3

1727

396

150

00-

.0.5

.2

.042--

1.57.81 6.13.32.012.00.025

6-27-96 7-25-96 8-22-96


11-6-96

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0

15

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2

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10 20 30

X10a.UJQ

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ARD PH, IN STANDARD UNITS

567 8 9 10 56789 10 56 7 8 9 10 5 6 7 8 9 10 Oi \ i i i i Oi i i i i i Oi i i i i i 0

0 10 20 30 40 50

10

0 10 20 30 40 50

10

0 10 20 30 40 50

10

0 10 20 30 40 50


62


LOCATION.-Lat 45°36'01", long 92°03'53", in NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.14, T.36 N., R. 14 W, Barren County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approx imately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland.


REMARKS. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. Lake was ice-covered during measurements.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, JANUARY 23 AND MARCH 13, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (US/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenPhosphorus, total (as P)

Jan. 2 3 Mar. 13

2.0 108.45

21 216.8 6.20.5 2.0

5.8 5.20.018 0.017

3.08

235.81.5

3.30.027

9.0.19

225.71.5

3.00.023

1-23-96 3-13-96


10 20u

2

LLJLLJ 4LL

Z~ 6I

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19

rW.T --

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_-

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10 20

10 20 30

u

2

4

6

8

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5 6 8 9 10 5 6 8 9 10

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0 10 20 30 40 50

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-

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1 1 1 1

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1 1 1 1

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63


LOCATION.--Lat 45°36'12", long 92°03'49", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.14, T.36 N., R.14 W., Barron County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approx imately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland.


REMARKS. Lake was ice-covered during measurements.

1-23-96 3-13-96


10 20

tn2

4

W.T.

6 D.O.

QJ

10

1210 20 30

o (

2

4

6

8

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i i i i0 10 20 30 40 50


64


LOCATION.--Lat 45°36'03", long 92°03'57", in NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.14, T.36 N., R.14 W., Barren County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approx imately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland.




Depth of sample (ft) Lake stage (ft) Specific conductance pH (units)Water temperature (°C) Secchi-depth (meters) Dissolved oxygen Phosphorus, total (as P)

Jan. 24

2.08.45

215.92.0

5.10.020

Mar. 14

3.08.19

235.81.5

3.10.023

1-24-96 3-14-96


10 20u

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65


LOCATION.~Lat 45°36'08", long 92°041 12", in NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.14, T.36 N., R.14 W, Barron County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approximately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland.




Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (US/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenPhosphorus, total (as P)

Jan. 24 Mar. 13

2.0 128.45

21 486.1 5.80.5 4.0

5.4 0.00.025 0.037

3.0 108.19

22 305.8 5.82.0 3.5

2.8 0.00.030 0.060

1-24-96 3-13-96


10 20u

2

4

6

8

10

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66


LOCATION.-Lat 45°35'55", long 92°04'09", in SW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 14, T.36 N., R. 14 W, Barren County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, approx imately 5 mi northwest of Cumberland.



WATER-QUALITY DATA, JANUARY 24 AND MARCH 13,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance ((is/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenPhosphorus, total (as P)

Jan. 24 Mar. 13

2.08.

215.90.5

6.00.025

8.045225.72.5

0.60.019

3.08.

235.91.0

3.40.024

7.019245.81.5

1.40.023

1-24-96 3-13-96


10 20u

2t!ffi 4z~ 6I

2] 8Q

10

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, , , , i , , , . i , , , ,

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10 20 30

u

2

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6

8

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7 8 9 10u

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67

05427235 LAKE KOSHKONONG NEAR NEWVILLE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42051'27", long 88°56'27", in NW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.34, T.5 N., R.I3 E., Jefferson County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, 80 ft east of Pottawatomi Trail Bridge at Bingham Point Estates, and 4.5 mi northeast of Newville.

DRAINAGE AREA.~2,560 mi2, at lake outlet. Area of Lake Koshkonong, 16.3 mi2 .

PERIOD OF RECORD.--July 1987 to current year.

GAGE. Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 770.00 ft above sea level.

REMARKS. No estimated daily gage heights. Records good. Lake level regulated by dam at Indianford. Gage-height telemeter at station.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum recorded gage height, 12.23 ft, Apr. 25, 1993; minimum recorded, 5.40 ft, Dec. 26, 27, 1989.


OCT


DAILY MEAN VALUES

NOV DEC MAY JUN AUG SEP

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

6.256.276.316.326.32

6.536.756.947.147.25

7.327.367.387.407.38

7.347.297.287.257.25

7.217.187.147.187.14

7.127.207.267.317.357.39

7.067.406.25

7.497.677.817.917.99

8.088.178.198.158.21

8.298.228.208.178.14

8.138.118.118.108.08

8.098.058.007.937.88

7.857.867.767.627.55

7.998.297.49

7.517.487.477.457.42

7.377.287.217.157.10

7.036.986.926.886.81

6.756.696.646.586.54

6.506.466.416.386.35

6.316.276.236.206.176.15

6.807.516.15

6.136.106.086.066.04

6.026.005.985.965.94

5.945.935.925.915.89

5.895.906.026.266.52

6.746.937.077.177.22

7.277.297.287.277.267.24

6.437.295.89

7.227.187.167.137.11

7.077.046.996.956.97

7.077.177.277.357.39

7.417.427.407.387.33

7.287.247.217.217.22

7.247.317.397.48___

7.237.486.95

7.577.637.667.677.66

7.617.557.507.457.39

7.347.287.257.277.34

7.397.437.477.487.46

7.457.447.427.417.42

7.427.407.397.377.367.35

7.457.677.25

7.327.297.307.317.27

7.277.277.257.247.22

7.217.197.187.127.16

7.197.207.257.367.47

7.557.667.707.747.76

7.827.787.747.767.80

7.417.827.12

7.797.807.807.777.73

7.697.627.597.587.64

7.657.667.707.727.78

7.817.847.887.897.92

7.947.947.927.857.79

7.737.667.637.597.537.45

7.747.947.45

7.407.467.457.427.34

7.307.497.707.958.21

8.458.598.678.698.66

8.638.749.199.64

10.00

10.2710.4710.5710.6610.65

10.6310.5910.5310.4510.36

9.0110.667.30

10.2310.119.979.819.66

9.509.369.209.048.88

8.728.588.488.388.25

8.127.987.937.867.68

7.577.497.447.407.35

7.277.167.066.986.906.79

8.3010.236.79

6.716.636.556.446.35

6.416.436.456.446.43

6.426.406.376.346.29

6.236.196.156.136.14

6.136.156.156.146.15

6.146.126.106.126.116.13

6.296.716.10

6.146.146.146.106.08

6.086.146.176.186.12

6.116.116.116.116.10

6.116.116.106.096.08

6.136.136.126.106.07

6.116.196.176.156.11___

6.126.196.07

68

455446089370300 LITTLE ARBOR VITAE LAKE NEAR WOODRUFF, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°54'46" long 89°37'03", in SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.28, T.40 N., R.7 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001,4 mi north east of Woodruff.

LAKE-STAGE RECORDS

PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1991 to current year.

GAGE.-Staff gage read by Glyn A. Roberts.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 8.00 ft, Sept. 16, 1994; minimum observed, 7.72 ft, Feb. 28, June 12,1991, and Oct. 13, 1994.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.~Maximum gage height observed, 7.96 ft, Aug. 5; minimum observed, 7.80 ft, Sept. 2.


DAILY MEAN VALUES

)AY

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

OCT

___7.90

___

___

7.90

____________

7.88

_________

7.86

____________

7.88____________

7.88

NOV DEC

___ ______ ___

7.88___

7.84

7.86 7.84

___ ______

7.86

7.84 ___ ___

7.84 ___

7.84

7.84 ___

7.84_________ ___

7.84 7.84

JAN

____________

7.84______

___7.86______

___7.84___

---

___7.84______

______

7.84______

7.83

FEE MAR

___ ______

___ ______

---

7.847.83

______

7.827.84 7.81___ ______

7.84 7.82_________

7.84

7.84___ .______

7.84

___ ___

7.867.84 ___ 7.86

APR

______

7.88

___

7.87

___

7.88

______

7.90___

___

7.90

___

7.92

7.92

MAY

7.92_________

___7.92

7.90

___

7.88

___

7.88

___

7.88

___

___

___7.88

JUN

______

7.86

___

___

7.84______

___7.84

___

___7.84___

7.83

7.84

7.84

JUL

______

7.82

___7.82

7.82

______

---

7.86

---

___7.86___

_________

7.88___

7.86

AUG

____________

7.96

_________

___7.90___

______

7.84---___

___7.84______

7.847.84

7.82

SEP

__7.80

7.82

7.82

7.84___

7.87___

___

7.84

7.84

---

7.83

---

7.82

69

455446089370300 LITTLE ARBOR VITAE LAKE NEAR WOODRUFF, WI-CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY RECORDS PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1991 to current year.REMARKS. Lake sampled at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during March measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State

Laboratory of Hygiene.


Mar. 12 May 16 June 25 July 26 Aug. 14

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (^.S/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) \ig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) (ig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (\ig/L)

3-12-96

3.0

1257.51.0

7.2

___

t )

f)

,) ___

,)

287.81

2588.06.0

___0.2

___

___

______

1

9778.152

124613320

4762

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720

<000000

17021017

.57.

.65

.01.

.0

.4

.4

.7

.0

.7

.1

.6

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.03

.50

.50

.57

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.004

2886114

75307

58

5415420

58720

12860000000

630480

-

.2.5

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.9

.0

.6

.1

.01

.43

.47

.90

.91

.061

.009

1.57.

1058.1

20.5______

1.9.7

___

___

_________

_________0.023___ ___

15

2783144

7.113.0

70.2

_________

1.57.

1098.4

21.5

1.9.3

0.026___

15

2784185

7.215.0

60.2

0.302

1.57.

1058.7

22.5______

1.9.9________________________

____________

___

0.029

___43

3287291

7.714.0______

00.2

___

______------ _______________0.16

---

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434412088590700 LITTLE GREEN LAKE, AT CENTER, NEAR MARKESAN, WI

LOCATION«Lat 43°44'12", long 88°59'07", in SW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.29, T.15 N., R.13 E., Green Lake County, Hydrologic Unit 04030201, 2 minorth of Markesan.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1991 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by


WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 13 TO AUGUST 22, 1996

(Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)Feb. 13

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (H.S/CTI)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) H-g/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) (ig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton


3.0

4067.62.0------

10.3---___

_______________---___

___---

24

4337.54.0______

0.2

----___

____________

1

34489.101

10160312174

1609

1501

1960

<00000

19

.56.

.20

.003

.4

.0

.0

.1

.0

.06

.03

.70

.76

.040

.004

.4

2647343

89151

.39

160312164

1609

1501

1960

<00000

1-

.2.0

.4

.7

.6

.0

.1

.0

.06

.03

.70

.76

.040

.005

--

1.56.

3118.4

17.0

___4

8.9______

_________

---

___0.046

___3.9

2639337

7.514.5______

.80.7

_________------ ---

0.116

___

1.56.

3378.6

23.5---___

27.7

_______________

---

0.187

___24

2651410

7.817.5

___.3

0.1______

_________

___

0.522

___

1.56.

3158.8

24.5

___1

8.9______

______

___------___---_________0.124___

59

2424422

7.220.5 ---

.10.1______---

___

___

___1.1

---

2-13-96 5-2-96 6-6-96 7-22-96 8-22-96

UJ10

z~ 15

10

10 20

20

30

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER 10 20 .0 10 20 .0 10

u

5

10

15

20

25

in

: ' '

r: W.T.

r

-

-

1 ' ' ' :

-.

-.

D.O. ":-_

-_

10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20


20

30

10

10 20

20u

5

10

15

20

25

nn

')

-_

-.

, , , , I , . . . I . . . .-30


u

5

ftUJ10

Z~1 15I

&20O

25

in

1

_

-

-

r:

r

1 '

_;i-

-_-

_-

\ -^*, ~

\

10

300 350 400 450

u

5

10

15

20

25

in

', '

i~sc'-

r

r

r: ,

1

-j

-|

-_

pH J

-.

i

10

350 400 450

8 10

300 350 400 450

u

5

10

15

20

25

in

j '

j-

-

N1

-_-_-_-_

«

10

350 400 450

10

350 400 450


72

ro

c

2 ^

O

O)

?

O

&S

"O

-*

w -

a w

ro ^

ro

0)§ i

^2

if

0)

v^

1

i

^

0)

03

O

ro ^

JD ro

P

2.

55' o

O

3

O

0)

l§ ?

Q.

SE

CC

HI

DE

PT

H,

IN M

ET

ER

S

CH

LOR

OP

HY

LL a

CO

NC

EN

TR

AT

ION

, IN

MIC

RO

GR

AM

S P

ER

LIT

ER

TO

TA

L P

HO

SP

HO

RU

S C

ON

CE

NT

RA

TIO

N,

IN M

ILLI

GR

AM

S P

ER

LIT

ER

p

p

p

p

p

o

en

o

en

o

en

425425088083500 LITTLE MUSKEGO LAKE AT MUSKEGO, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°54'25", long 88°08'35", in SE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.9, T.5 N., R.20 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, atMuskego.

DRAINAGE AREA.-11.6 mi2 . PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1986 to current year. LAKE-STAGE GAGE.-Datum of gage is 693.40 ft above sea level. REMARKS. Lake sampled about 1,000 ft north-northwest of dam outlet at the deep hole. An aeration system was operated from April to

November for the years 1987-91. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin StateLaboratory of Hygiene. Prior to October 1987, published under station number 425450088083500.


Feb

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductancepH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCO3Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Alkalinity, as CaCO3Sulfate, dissolved (SO4)Chloride, dissolved (CDFluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (SiO2)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) (ig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) fig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L)

Feb.

3.0

7378.03.5

--

13.8

_________

0

0

>>

___,)

06

63

9007.53.0

-3.2

______

______

1

8068

10.205

11280533556

21041

11000

4540

<00000

<0

<032

May

.5

.45

.11

.7

.1

.0

.17

.03

.81

.81

.98

.037

.002

.4

07

65

81188202

.07

270533454

21040

11000

4540001100

57-

.0.5

.3

.8

.1

.9

.20

.43

.65

.1

.3

.054

.005

--

June

1.5

7998.3

18.5______

3.10.6

0.016

7.4

12

67

8297.69.5______

20.6---___

___

___0.157

July

1.5

688 88.5

24.0---

1.39.7

_________---

------0.020___

13

24

67

347.59.0______

0.6

____________

___0.278___

Aug

1.5

7078.0

24.5

27.4

_____________________0.016___

8.5

. 20

67

8407.49.0___

.00.5

______---

___---0.31___

2-6-96

10

5-7-96 6-12-96 7-24-96 8-20-96

10 20 30


10 20 30

10 20

10 20 30

10 20u

15

30

45

60

70 c

' j ' ' /

~\^ ~

/

,,,,!,,,,-

10 20 3


00

15

30

45

60

70 c

10 2

r^.J-/

-

10 20 3


u

h- 150101o.Z 30

I£ 4501a

60

706i

'*. V '

\ 1 PH- s.c. \ i

i\ 1\J!*

1 \

\i »

1f \ -

i i50 750 850 9£

u

15

30

45

60

7050 6!

' ': ----_

,,

50 750

1-

-

-

-

-

_

-

-

,850 95

10 o e

15

30

45

60

vn

5 7

-

-

-

;

8 9 1i i i

r --

-

u

15

30

45

60

vn

: '

***!

-

-

-,

1 '

n "

-

-1

u

15

30

45

60

70

" ** %*5

-

-

-,

) -***

\

I

I1

350 750 850 950 650 750 850 950 SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.), IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

74

U.1U

g

f£°-08Z 1- UJ j

0^0.06

CO^

9 0 0.04ij

S - 0.02_i

*~ 0

.'""""" '""""" 9 '"""" "'"""" """" 1 " 1 """"" """"'" """"'" '""""" " 1 """" 1M11111111_

-

i

* «y **" ^ .. .

* . ^

", ,,,,,,,,,,, ,*, , ,,' ,.,,,, , ,,*.,,A , **, , , *, ," ;1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

100

o Foe

80

60

iz 20

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

CO 4CC ' UJ

a.LJJ Q 3

O Oco 4

* f\ / * *

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Little Muskego Lake at Muskego, Wisconsin.

75

455946089415702 LITTLE ROCK LAKE NEAR WOODRUFF, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°59'46", long 89041'57", in NW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.36, T.41 N., R.6 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001,7 mi north of Woodruff, 800 ft west of U.S. Highway 51, and 200 ft southeast of boat landing.

DRAINAGE AREA.-0.22 mi2. Area of lake, 0.07 mi2.


GAGE.--Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 1,600.00 ft above sea level.

REMARKS. Records good. Lake does not have surface inlet or outlet.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum observed gage height, 28.10 ft, Apr. 7-9, 1986; minimum observed gage height, 25.06 ft, Aug. 8,1990.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum observed gage height, 27.57 ft, May 20 and Aug. 7; minimum observed gage height, 26.66ft, Oct. 1, and 3-5.

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

OCT

26.6626.6726.6626.6626.66

26.7326.8226.8226.8226.82

26.8126.8026.8026.7926.79

26.7926.7826.7826.7726.77

26.7826.7826.8026.8826.88

26.8826.8826.8726.8726.8726.86

26.7926.8826.66

NOV

26.8726.9126.9126.90


DAILY MEAN VALUES

DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN

26.8926.8826.8726.8726.88

26.8726.8626.8626.8626.86

26.8526.8526.8526.8526.85

26.8426.8426.8426.8426.84

26.8526.8626.8526.8526.86

26.8626.9126.84

26.8726.8726.8726.8626.86

26.8626.8526.8526.8626.86

26.8626.8726.9226.9226.92

26.9226.9326.9226.9226.91

26.9026.8926.8926.8926.89

26.8926.8926.8826.8826.8826.88

26.8926.9326.85

26.8826.8826.8826.8726.86

26.8726.8626.8626.8726.87

26.8826.8826.8826.8726.86

26.8526.8626.9727.0327.02

27.0227.0327.0227.0227.01

27.0227.0327.0327.0427.0327.03

26.9427.0426.85

27.0227.0227.0227.0127.00

27.0027.0127.0127.0027.02

27.0227.0127.0127.0127.01

26.9927.0027.0027.0027.00

26.9926.9826.9927.0026.99

26.9927.0227.0226.98

27.0027.0226.98

27.0127.0027.0027.0027.00

26.9926.9926.9826.9826.97

26.9726.9726.9726.9726.97

26.9626.9626.9626.9626.95

26.9526.9426.9426.9827.07

27.0827.0727.0727.0727.0727.08

27.0027.0826.94

27.0727.0727.0727.0727.07

27.0727.0627.0627.0627.06

27.0727.1027.1327.1427.14

27.1527.1527.1727.2227.23

27.2427.2727.2827.2927.32

27.3527.3527.3527.3527.38

27.1827.3827.06

27.3927.3927.4027.4027.40

27.4227.4227.4227.4327.43

27.4327.4327.4227.4227.42

27.4227.4227.4127.5527.57

27.5627.5527.5527.5227.51

27.5127.4927.4827.4627.4527.43

27.4527.5727.39

27.4327.4627.4727.4727.46

27.4727.4727.4627.4527.44

27.4427.4427.4427.4227.40

27.3927.3827.3827.3827.38

27.3727.3827.3827.3827.38

27.4327.4727.4727.4727.45

27.4327.4727.37

JUL

27.4427.4827.4727.4627.44

27.4427.4627.4527.4427.42

27.4127.4527.4827.4827.48

27.4827.4727.4927.5027.49

27.4827 .4727.4527.4527.45

27.4427.4327.5227.5427.5427.54

27.4727.5427.41

AUG

27.5327.5227.5127.5027.52

27.5527.5727.5627.5427.53

27.5127.5027.5027.4927.49

27.4927.4827.4727.4627.47

27.4627.4827.4727.4627.44

27.4327.4127.4027.3927.3727.36

27.4827.5727.36

SEP

27.3527.3327.3327.4027.40

27.4027.3927.3827.3627.35

27.3527.3427.3227.3027.29

27.2927.2727.2627.2527.24

27.2427.2527.2527.2727.27

27.2627.3027.3027.2927.28

27.3127.4027.24

76

05390700 LITTLE ST. GERMAIN LAKE NEAR EAGLE RIVER, WI

LOCATION--Lat 45°53'55", long 89°27'10", in SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.35, T.40 R, R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001,9.6 mi west of Eagle River.

DRAINAGE AREA.-19.0 mi2 .

PERIOD OF RECORD.--October 1990 to current year.

GAGE.-Staff gage mounted on the dam wall at lake outlet. Datum of gage is 1,600 ft, above sea level.

REMARKS. Lake level controlled at the dam outlet.

COOPERATION.-Gage readings furnished by Wisconsin Valley Improvement Company.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 13.94 ft, Aug. 14 and Oct. 7,1995, and Aug. 7,1996; minimum observed, 12.00 ft, Jan. 3 and Feb. 3,1992.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT PERIOD.-

WATER YEAR 1995.--Maximum gage height observed, 13.94 ft, Aug. 14; minimum observed, 12.28 ft, Mar. 10. WATER YEAR 1996.~Maximum gage height observed, 13.94 ft, Oct. 7 and Aug. 7; minimum observed, 12.18 ft, Feb. 6.


DAILY MEAN VALUES

OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

13.7413.7413.7613.7613.76

13.7413.7613.7413.7013.70

13.6813.6813.6613.6613.66

13.6613.7213.7613.8013.78

13.7813.8013.8013.7413.72

13.7013.6813.6813.6613.6613.68

13.7213.8013.66

13.7013.7013.7013.7213.72

13.7213.7413.7413.74

13.64___

13.64___

13.56

______

13.48___

13.48

___13.40

______

13.36

_________

13.28

___

_________

13.2413.22

___

13.12

___13.02

______

12.96___

12.86_________

12.80

______

12.72

___12.72

12.70

___

12.70

12.68___

12.62

___

12.60

______

12.58___

___12.56

12.58

___

12.56

___12.52

______

12.50

___

12.50___

12.48___

___12.46

___

12.46

___

12.40

___12.40

______

12.38____.._

12.36

___

12.32______

______

12.32

12.30

___12.30

______

12.28

___

12.3212.3812.38

12.4012.4012.4212.4412.50

12.5612.5812.6012.6012.60

12.6212.6212.6412.6612.6612.66

______

12.6812.6812.7012.7612.76

12.7812.7812.8012.8212.82

12.8412.8812.9212.9012.92

12.9212.9412.9413.0813.08

13.1013.1013.1013.1213.10

13.1213.1413.1213.1413.14

---

12.9413.1412.68

13.1613.1813.1613.1813.20

13.1813.1813.2013.3013.34

13.3613.3613.3813.4613.50

13.5413.5813.6013.6813.60

13.6013.5813.6613.6813.68

13.6813.6813.7413.7613.7813.78

13.4813.7813.16

13.7813.7613.7613.7413.74

13.7213.7213.7213.7013.72

13.7213.7013.7013.7013.70

13.6813.6813.6813.6813.68

13.6613.6613.6613.6613.64

13.6213.6213.6213.6813.68

13.6913.7813.62

13.6813.6613.6413.6213.62

13.6213.6413.6213.6213.62

13.6213.6013.6813.6813.72

13.7613.7413.8213.7813.76

13.7613.7213.7013.7013.70

13.7013.7013.7613.7413.7213.70

13.6913.8213.60

13.7213.7013.7013.7013.70

13.7013.7613.7413.7413.74

13.7413.7413.8813.9413.88

13.8213.7613.7013.7413.74

13.7413.7213.7213.7013.70

13.8413.8013.7413.7213.7213.72

13.7513.9413.70

13.7213.7013.7013.7013.70

13.6813.6813.6813.6613.66

13.6413.6413.6213.6213.62

13.6613.6613.6613.6613.68

13.6813.7013.7013.6813.68

13.6813.6813.6613.6613.74

___

13.6713.7413.62

77

05390700 LITTLE ST. GERMAIN LAKE NEAR EAGLE RIVER, WI--CONTINUED


DAILY MEAN VALUES


1 13.78 13.74 13.60 12.72 12.26 12.40 12.70 13.86 13.70 13.72 13.74 13.702 13.78 13.80 12.72 12.24 12.76 13.84 13.76 13.76 13.72 13.723 13.84 13.80 13.82 13.76 13.74 13.70 13.724 13.82 13.78 13.82 13.78 13.74 13.72 13.785 13.80 13.76 13.50 12.68 12.40 12.80 13.82 13.82 13.72 13.72 13.80

6 13.90 13.76 12.187 13.94 13.78 8 13.88 13.80 13.42 9 13.86 13.80 12.64 12.22

10 13.82 13.82

11 13.72 13.80 12 13.76 13.80 13.24 12.5813 13.78 13.78 12.2614 13.78 13.7815 13.78 13.18

16 13.76 12.42 12.3017 13.72 13.70 18 13.7419 13.76 13.14 12.4020 13.78 12.32

21 13.80 13.6822 13.80 13.08 23 13.76 12.44 12.3424 13.86 13.6625 13.84

26 13.84 12.90 12.36 27 13.82 12.3628 13.82 13.6429 13.80 13.64 12.80 30 13.76 12.28 31 13.72

MEAN 13.80 MAX 13.94 MIN 13.72 ---

12.42

___12.40

12.40

______

12.42___

___12.44

______

12.5812.62

___12.66

___

_________

12

12

13

13

1313131313

1313131313

.84 -

___.86______

.04

.18

.28

.34

.36

.42

.48

.62

.68.72'

.80

.84 -

___

1313131313

1313131313

1313131313.

1313131313.

13.13.131313.13.

13.13.13,

.86

.88

.88

.90

.88

.82

.80

.80

.74

.72

.72

.70

.70

.74

.72

.70

.70

.70

.70

.68

.66

.68

.68

.68

.68

.68

.76

.90

.66

1313131313

1313131313

1313131313

1313131313

1313131313

131313

.84

.87

.86

.84

.84

.84

.88

.82

.78

.72

.72

.72

.76

.74

.74

.72

.78

.74

.78

.74

.74

.82

.84

.80

.76 -

.78

.88

.70

1313131313

1313131313

1313.1313.13

13.13.13,13.13,

13.13.13,13,13,13,

13,13,13,

.72

.76

.80

.80

.76

.72

.78

.80

.78

.78

.78

.78

.88

.84

.76

.72

.72

.74

.76

.76

.74

.72

.74

.78

.78

.76

.76

.88

.72

1313131313

13131313,13.

13.13.13.13.13.

13.13.13,13.13,

13.13.13,13,13.13.

13,13.13,

.86

.94

.84

.74

.76

.76

.76

.78

.76

.78

.78

.76

.76

.74

.74

.74

.82

.76

.70

.70

.74

.72

.70

.70

.70

.70

.75

.94

.70

1313131313

1313131313

1313131313

1313131313

1313131313

131313

.82

.82

.80

.78

.74

.78

.76

.76

.74

.74

.72

.70

.68

.68

.66

.66

.70

.70

.70

.70

.70

.72

.72

.74

.74

.73

.82

.66

78

455545089262500 LITTLE ST. GERMAIN LAKE, NORTHEAST BAY, NEAR ST. GERMAIN, WI

LOCATION."Lat 45°55'45", long 89°26'25", in SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.24, T.40 N., R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, near St. Germain.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-April 1991 to August 1994, August 1996.

REMARKS . Lake sampled in northeast bay at a lake depth of about 12 ft. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, AUGUST 15, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (uS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenPhosphorus, total (as P)Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (ug/L)

Aug. 15

1.5

687.7

21.51.

8.00.030

35

7.0

667.7

21.50

8.00.026

12

687.3

21.5

7.10.026

8-15-96


10 20u

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PH, IN STANDARDUNITS

6 7 8 9 10u

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4

6

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10

19

1

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-

-

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1 '

i

-

-

-

s.c. 1

i0 50 100 150

SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.).IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETER

AT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

79

455437089270800 LITTLE ST. GERMAIN LAKE, SOUTH BAY, NEAR ST. GERMAIN, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 45 0 54'37", long 89°27 108", in NW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.35, T.40 R, R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001,1.7 mi east of St. Germain.


REMARKS. Lake sampled in south bay at a lake depth of about 22 ft. Water-quah'ty analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, AUGUST 15, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Aug. 15

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (n.S/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenPhosphorus, total (as P)Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton ([ig/l>) 11

1.5

657.7

21.52

8.10.022

11

637.8

21.5.6

8.00.020

22

1357.4

12.5

0.20.131

8-15-96


10

0 10 20 30WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.),

IN DEGREES CELSIUS

PH, IN STANDARDUNITS

6 7 8 9 10

12

18

0 50 100 150SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.).

IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETERAT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

80

455428089282400 LITTLE ST. GERMAIN LAKE, WEST BAY, AT ST. GERMAIN, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 45°54'28", long 89°28'24", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.34, T.40 N., R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, at St. Germain.


REMARKS.-Lake sampled in west bay at a lake depth of about 53 ft. Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, AUGUST 15,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Aug. 15

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (\iS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenPhosphorus, total (as P)Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L)

1

717

21.

803

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.45

.5

.007

.8

20

737

14

80-

13.

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2..4.03--

.80

.7

L5

32

8577

00-

.0.0

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.063--

53

10376

00-

.2.0

.2

.084--

8-15-96


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0 50 100 150SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE (S.C.).

IN MICROSIEMENS PER CENTIMETERAT 25 DEGREES CELSIUS

81

424937088103400 LONG (KEE NONG GO-MONG) LAKE AT WIND LAKE, WI

LOCATION.~Lat 42°49'37", long 88° 10'34" in NW 1/4 NE1/4 sec.7, T.4 N., R.20 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at Wind Lake. DRAINAGE AREA.-4.29 mi2.PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1988 to August 1989, February 1991 to current year.REMARKS. Lake sampled at the deepest point in southwest end of lake. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality

analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.


Feb.

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (jiS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen,-amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) jig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) jig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (Jig/L)

2-6-96

Feb. 06

3.0 26

536 6167.5 7.01.5 4.0

______

9.5 0.2___--- ______ ______ _________

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Apr. 10 June 11 July 17 Aug. 08

1.5 26 1.5 27 1.5

487 489 486 509 4478.1 8.0 8.4 7.3 8.56.5 6.0 17.0 10.0 24.5

50 50 1.4 1.4

1.5 2.112.2 11.4 10.0 0.0 9.2

230 230 48 4826 26 13 13

3 3 200 200

27 27 28 280.1 0.1 1.3 1.3

300 298 0.08 0.07

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27 1.5 25

531 450 5347.2 8.1 7.2

10.5 26.5 11.0

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1988 1989 1990 1991 1992

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1993 1994 1995 1996

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Long (Kee Nong Go-Mong) Lake at Wind Lake, Wisconsin.

83

423128088151200 MARY (MARIE) LAKE AT TWIN LAKES, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°31'28", long 88°15'12", in SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.21, T.I N., R.19 E., Kenosha County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, near TwinLakes.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1995 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled slightly north of center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses

done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.



SDepth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (p,S/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) n,g/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) n,g/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton

2-5-96 4-16-96

Aug. 12

3.0

7157.92.0---___

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6-10-96 7-15-96 8-12-96

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460128089423501 MAX LAKE NEAR WOODRUFF, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 46"01 128", long 89°42'35", in NW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.23, T.41 N., R.6 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, 8.5 mi north of Woodruff, 1,500 ft west of U.S. Highway 51.

DRAINAGE AREA.-Unknown. Area of lake, 0.036 mi2 .

PERIOD OF RECORD.-Unpublished intermittent data from March 1988 to September 1989; intermittent segments of daily data since July 1990; discontinued December 1996.

GAGE. Staff gage and water-stage recorder. Datum of gages is about 1,613 ft above sea level.

REMARKS. Records good. Lake does not have surface inlet or outlet.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.--Maximum observed gage height, 6.75 ft, Aug. 7,1996; minimum observed gage height, 3.97 ft, Nov. 16,1989.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT PERIOD.-Maximum recorded gage height, 6.75 ft, Aug. 7; minimum recorded, 5.52 ft, Oct. 1 and 5.

GAGE HEIGHT, FEET, OCTOBER 1995 THROUGH DECEMBER 1996

DAILY MEAN VALUES

DAY OCT

1995NOV DEC APR MAY JUN JUL

1996AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

5.525.535.535.535.52

5.71

5.705.705.695.695.69

5.82

.85

.89

.89

.88

5.93

5.88

5.88

6.516.526.53

5.916.536.526.526.51

6.51

6.59

6.57

6.546.566.556.53

6.516.606.676.666.65

6.646.636.676.686.66

6.656.646.626.626.61

6.596.596.726.746.726.72

6.716.706.696.676.71

6.746.756.736.726.70

6.686.676.676.666.65

6.646.626.616.596.60

5.52

6.596.596.586.566.54

6.536.516.496.476.466.45

6.626.756.45

6.43 6.42 6.41 6.49 6'.48

6.476.466.456.436.43

6.446.446.4.16.396.38

6.376.366.356.346.32

6.326.346.336.346.32

6.326.366.366.356.34

6.396.496.32

6.336.326.306.296.28

6.286.286.276.276.26

6.256.246.236.226.21

6.216.306.316.316.30

6.296.296.356.396.38

6.386.376.366.386.446.42

6.316.446.21

6.416.416.406.406.41

6.416.416.406.426.42

6.426.426.426.426.42

6.506.586.586.596.59

6.586.59

6.53

86

05428000 LAKE MENDOTA AT MADISON, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°05'42", long 89°22'12", in SE 1/4 sec. 12, T.7 N., R.9 E., Dane County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, in city boat house at dam at outlet, in Madison.

DRAINAGE AREA.--233 mi2. Area of Lake Mendota, 15.2 mi2.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-December 1902 to May 1903, January 1916 to current year (incomplete).

REVISED RECORDS.--WDR WI-73-1: Drainage area.

GAGE.--Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 840.00 ft above sea level, or 5.60 ft below City of Madison datum. Prior to Oct. 1,1979, at datum 7.82 ft higher; prior to Nov. 15,1971, nonrecording gage at same site.

REMARKS.-No estimated daily gage heights. Records are good. Lake level regulated by concrete dam with two 12-foot gates and 20-foot lock at outlet. Gage-height telemeter at station.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 12.20 ft, July 14-15, 1993; minimum observed, 8.02 ft, Feb. 24 to Mar. 10,1920, current datum.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum recorded gage height, 11.55 ft, June 24; minimum recorded, 9.34 ft, Nov. 25.


DAILY MEAN VALUES


12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

9.709.699.719.729.73

9.929.979.98

10.009.98

9.969.949.929.919.85

9.809.759.749.739.74

9.719.689.659.689.64

9.639.699.749.739.709.69

9.7810.009.63

9.749.859.869.839.78

9.769.789.759.699.70

9.769.709.689.669.64

9.629.609.599.569.58

9.559.519.509.469.44

9.439.479.479.469.46-

9.639.869.43

9.479.469.479.479.51

9.509.479.489.499.45

9.439.459.469.489.49

9.499.499.499.499.49

9.499.499.499.489.48

9.479.479.469.469.469.47

9.489.519.43

9.479.469.469.459.45

9.449.449.439.429.42

9.449.449.439.439.42

9.429.429.529.659.72

9.769.779.799.809.80

9.839.879.879.879.859.85

9.599.879.42

9.849.839.829.819.80

9.819.799.799.799.81

9.899.979.99

10.0110.01

10.009.999.989.979.96

9.969.969.969.969.98

10.0010.0810.1610.20

9.9410.209.79

10.2010.1910.1810.1710.16

10.1610.1410.1210.1110.09

10.0810.0710.0710.0810.07

10.0810.0710.0710.0610.06

10.0410.0210.0110.0210.04

10.0410.0310.0310.0210.0110.01

10.0810.2010.01

10.009.99

10.0110.019.99

9.989.989.979.969.95

9.959.979.949.949.96

9.969.949.969.99

10.06

10.0610.0810.0710.0510.09

10.0810.0410.0310.0710.13

10.0110.139.94

10.1110.1110.1010.1010.09

10.0710.0610.0710.0810.24

10.2710.2610.2610.2410.26

10.2610.2710.2710.2710.28

10.3110.2910.2910.2610.23

10.2110.1710.1610.1410.1010.07

10.1910.3110.06

10.0510.1310.1510.1310.11

10.1810.3610.4210.4310.44

10.4410.4410.4410.4210.39

10.3710.7611.2211.3411.39

11.4111.4311.4311.4311.44

11.4311.4211.4211.4011.41

10.7911.4410.05

11.3711.3711.3411.3111.29

11.2611.2511.2311.1811.15

11.1011.0911.0911.0711.04

11.0010.9611.1711.2511.23

11.2111.2211.2211.2111.18

11.1411.1011.0711.0510.9910.93

11.1611.3710.93

10.8810.8310.7710.7110.70

10.8210.8710.8710.8410.80

10.7810.7710.7410.7110.65

10.5910.5410.4910.4510.46

10.4510.4310.4110.3710.35

10.3310.2910.2610.2410.2110.19

10.5710.8810.19

10.1610.1310.1110.0910.07

10.0410.0210.009.989.95

9.949.899.849.809.75

9.729.709.679.649.62

9.629.619.589.589.54

9.559.579.559.529.49

9.7910.169.49

87

430309088284800 MIDDLE GENESEE LAKE NEAR OCONOMOWOC, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 43°03'09", long 88°28'48", in NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.22, T.7 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, 1.8 misouth of Oconomowoc.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-February to August 1996. REMARKS. --Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by




Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (^S/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02) oSolids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) \ig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) jig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton

Aug. 06

3.0

4228.44.0---

12.9 ___

------______---

r) ___

D ___

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___

38

5097.55.0___

0.3

___

___

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1

42087.100

122103330102

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42186201

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38

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11.0

57.0

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0.007

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1.5

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27.8_________

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2-8-96 4-11-96 6-5-96 7-11-96 8-6-96

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10 20

10 20 30

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 0| i i i i Oi i i i i Oi i i i i 0| i i i i 0

UJ 10 UJ

20

UJ Q 30

40400

u

10

20

30

An

-

~ S.C.

,

-

-

PH :

,

10

20

30

40

10

20

30

40

10

20

30

40450 500 550 400 450 500 550 400 450 500 550 400 450 500 550 400 450 500 550


88

05429000 LAKE MONONA AT MADISON, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°03'48", long 89°23'49', in SW 1/4 sec.23, T.7 R, R.9 E., Dane County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, in Brittingham Park, in Madison.

DRAINAGE AREA.--279 mi2. Area of Lake Monona, 5.3 mi2.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-September 1915 to current year (fragmentary) in reports of the Geological Survey. For 1856 to March 1917 in reports of Wisconsin Railroad Commission, volume 19.

REVISED RECORDS.--WSP 1338: Lake area. WDRWI-73-1: Drainage area.

GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 840.00 ft above sea level, or 5.60 ft below City of Madison datum. Prior to Oct. 1, 1979, datum 3.61 ft higher; prior to Nov. 15,1971, nonrecording gage at same site.

REMARKS. No estimated daily gage heights. Records are good. Lake level regulated by concrete dam with four 12-foot stop-log sections and 12-foot lock at outlet of Lake Waubesa. Gage-height telemeter at station.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 7.28 ft, June 19, 1996; minimum observed, 3.22 ft, Jan. 20, 1965, current datum.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.--Maximum recorded gage height, 7.28 ft, June 19; minimum recorded, 4.02 ft, Jan. 9 and 10.


DAILY MEAN VALUES

DAY OCT NOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

4.954.954.964.954.97

5.195.195.195.195.20

5.215.205.175.125.07

5.045.025.004.994.98

4.944.924.934.954.93

4.914.995.045.035.015.00

5.045.214.91

5.065.185.155.135.11

5.095.044.994.984.98

4.954.944.914.884.85

4.834.814.784.774.74

4.694.684.664.644.63

4.624.654.664.634.59---

4.855.184.59

4.554.514.474.434.39

4.334.304.284.264.23

4.214.204.194.194.17

4.154.134.114.094.07

4.064.044.044.044.04

4.044.034.034.034.034.04

4.184.554.03

4.044.044.044.044.04

4.034.034.034.034.03

4.054.054.054.054.04

4.044.054.214.354.37

4.374.354.344.334.32

4.334.374.364.354.34

______

____________

4.284.274.274.304.35

4.414.434.444.444.44

4.444.444.444.434.42

4.414.404.414.424.43

4.444.504.514.51______

___

4.514.514.504.504.50

4.494.494.494.494.49

4.474.454.424.414.41

4.414.414.414.394.37

4.364.354.354.384.39

4.394.404.394.384.384.36

4.434.514.35

4.354.354.364.344.33

4.334.324.314.294.30

4.324.354.364.404.43

4.444.504.534.604.67

4.704.714.714.734.74

4.724.754.784.834.87

4.514.874.29

4.914.934.944.964.96

4.964.974.985.005.28

5.395.415.405.395.39

5.365.325.295.265.25

5.245.195.185.155.12

5.115.105.105.125.135.15

5.165.414.91

5.195.295.315.325.33

5.415.705.805.805.78

5.755.755.715.675.63

5.616.297.137.267.25

7.187.096.986.886.78

6.686.606.536.516.54

6.167.265.19

6.506.506.456.406.36

6.326.276.206.146.11

6.096.106.116.106.08

6.066.076.306.366.33

6.286.256.226.166.10

6.056.025.995.955.955.93

6.196.505.93

5.935.935.935.935.92

5.935.895.825.745.69

5.635.575.535.505.50

5.525.545.565.575.63

5.585.545.515.475.43

5.415.375.355.335.315.30

5.615.935.30

5.295.285.275.245.23

5.225.215.215.215.20

5.185.145.105.055.04

5.045.025.004.994.99

4.984.954.954.944.93

4.974.974.944.924.90___

5.085.294.90

89

434748089195800 LAKE MONTELLO AT MONTELLO, WI

LOCATION."Lat 43°47'48", long 89°19'58", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.8, T.15 N., R.IO E., Marquette County, Hydrologic Unit 04030201, at Montello.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-February to August 1995. Lake-stage and secchi measurements for water years 1984 to 1990 were collected at a differentsite (station number 434813089204000).

REMARKS.-Lake sampled near southeast end at the deep hole. The lake was ice-covered during the February measurements. Water-qualityanalyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 13 TO AUGUST 22, 1996

(Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

Feb. 13 May 02 June 0 6 July 22 Aug. 22

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (p.S/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCO3Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) p.g/Manganese, dissolved (Mn) .Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton

2-13-96

10 20

fc"UJ Q

12

1410 20 30

3.0

3277.11.5

9.5

_________

___

j) I)

___

>)

___

12___

5967.41.0

8.0

___

_________

___

1

29588.501

12150331721

1409504

1820

<001000

1612

.5-

.45

.71

.9

.8

.0

.3

.1

.7

.54

.03

.70

.2

.052

.006

.1

13 295

88502

.613

150331721

1509504

1800

<001000

16-

.4.5

.1

.0

.8

.0

.4

.1

.6

.54

.03

.70

.2

.050

.005

.1

--

1.5-

3158.3

18.5

2

9.3___

______

______

___0.061

______5.1

13 336

7.815.5______

.11.9

___

___

___

___0.085 _________

1.511,

2898.3

23.5___

2.10.4

_________

______ .---0.048

______6.1

7.5.56293

8.122.5

,4

9.1

______

______

___

___0.048

---___

1.511.

3218.2

24.5

2.8.1______

_________

___0.036___

___5.3

11.55336

7.523.0___

.62.8

_______________

___0.069___

___

5-2-96 6-6-96 7-22-96


u

4

8

12

1 A

. ' ' ' ' ' '

W.T.

-

-

,,,,!,,,,

-

D.O. ~

-

-

i i i i

10 20 10 20

8-22-96

10 20

12 12


30 10 20 30

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6 789 10

u

UJ 4UJ U.z

£ aQ.UJQ

12

1/4

_

-

_

.

-

-

-

_, *»^

""* «."** *

I I I

12

H2

S.C.

pH _

12

142

12

I____I____I

12

'i200 300 400 500 600 200 300 400 500 600 200 300 400 500 600 200 300 400 500 600 200 300 400 500 600


90

0.08

IT ITZH1

LU j0.06

COO COisQ. -j

iii

0.04

0.02

JFMAMJJASOND 1995

JFMAMJJASOND 1996

30

O Pec< LU EC t

o

JFMAMJJASOND 1995

JFMAMJJASOND 1996

CO 4EC 'LU

01 _ Q 3


CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Montello Lake at Montello, Wisconsin.

91

455504089260500 MOON LAKE NEAR ST. GERMAIN, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 45°55'04", long 89°26'05", in SE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.25, T.40 N., R.8 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, 2.9 mi northeastof St. Germain.

PERIOD OF RECORD.--May 1985 to September 1988 and October 1989 to September 1990, Secchi depth only; February 1992 to current year. REMARKS.--The stage of Moon Lake is the same as Alma Lake; lake stages read at Alma Lake. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake

ice-covered during March measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.


Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance ((iS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCO3Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaCO3Sulfate, dissolved (SO4)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (SiO2)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) (ig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) (ig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton ((ig/L)

Mar.

3.0___

307.10.5______

--12.8

______------

______

______

) ___

) ___

) ______

)

11

37

626.55.0

-0.3

___

_________

___

1

1966.10<0

8

2000730

<00

280

<00000

<070102,

May

.511.

.00

.503.

.3

.0

.7

.6

.4

.0

.6

.1

.2

.10

.03

.50

.50

.60

.016

.002

.5

15

3753195510<0

,76

2000730

<00

280

<00000

<0808-

.9.0

.50

.4

.0

.8

.6

.4

.0

.5

.1

.3

.11

.03

.40

.40

.51

.013

.002

--

June

1.511.

226.9

20.5___

5.9.2

___

___

___

___0.008

___2.2

27

3756255.97.0

10.9

_______________---_____________________---___0.090___

___

July

1.511.5

226.9

22.0______

4.28.6

___---_________---______---

___---___---___0.007___---___1.2

23

387256.08.0

0.4

___---

---

---

___0.036______------

Aug.

1.511.

236.6

22.5______

4.8.5

___

---

___0.007

------2.0

. 14

37.82276.09.0

___.7

0.3

___

---

---0.00

---------

3-11-96

10

5-15-96 6-27-96 7-23-96 8-14-96


10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 ~0 10 20


30 10 20 30


45678 45678 45678 45678 45678

UJ 10 HI

"20

Q.UJ Q 30

S.C. 10

20

30

10

20

30

10

20

30

10

20

30

40 I i i i I 40' i i ' I 40 ' ' ' ' ' 40' ' ' ' ' 40 0 25 50 75 100 0 25 50 75 100 0 25 50 75 100 0 25 50 75 100 0 25 50 75 100


92

0.020

0.015

50.010

± 0.0050.

o«

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

oFee< LJJ2b

E£CL 3

>oICC 0-0

§" 1o

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

1992 1993 1994

CALENDAR YEAR

1995 1996

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Moon Lake near St. Germain, Wisconsin.

(Circles indicate laboratory detection limit for selected analyses. Actual concentrations for these particular analyses are less than the plotted ckcles.)

93

454622088324801 MORGAN LAKE NEAR FENCE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°46'22", long 88°32'48", in NE 1/4 NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 18, T.38 N., R.16 E., Florence County, Hydrologic Unit 04030108, at southwest end of lake on dirt road off Forest Service Road 2161,6 mi west northwest of Fence.

DRAINAGE AREA.--Not determined. Area of lake, 44 acres.


GAGE. Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is approximately 1,400.00 ft above sea level.

REMARKS.--Records good.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.--Maximum observed gage height, 66.36 ft, June 21-22, 1993; minimum observed gage height, 63.61 ft, Oct. 19,1989.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum observed gage height, 66.35 ft, May 11; minimum observed gage height, 65.24 ft, Oct. 2-5.


DAILY MEAN VALUES


12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

65.2565.2465.2465.2465.24

65.3565.4365.4365.4365.45

65.4665.4665.4565.4465.43

65.4465.4465.4365.4165.42

65.4665.4865.5065.5765.57

65.5865.5865.5865.5865.5865.58

65.4465.5865.24

65.6165.6665.6565.6565.65

65.6665.6565.6465.6365.63

65.6465.6465.6265.6265.62

65.6365.6365.6365.6365.63

65.6465.6465.6465.6465.64

65.6665.6865.6965.6965.70 -

65.6465.7065.61

65.7065.7165.7165.7065.71

65.7065.7065.7065.7165.71

65.7165.7165.7165.7665.77

65.7665.7665.7665.7665.76

65.7665.7665.7565.7565.74

65.7465.7465.7365.7365.7365.73

65.7365.7765.70

65.7465.7365.7365.7365.74

65.7365.7365.7365.7465.74

65.7465.7365.7365.7365.72

65.7265.7265.8065.8565.86

65.8665.8565.8365.8365.83

65.8365.9065.9065.9265.9165.90

65.7965.9265.72

65.8965.8965.8965.8965.88

65.8865.8865.8865.8865.89

65.8865.8865.8865.8865.88

65.8865.8865.8965.8965.89

65.8665.8665.8665.8665.86

65.8665.8765.8865.89

65.8865.8965.86

65.9065.8965.8865.8965.89

65.8665.8565.8565.8565.85

65.8465.8365.8365.8365.83

65.8365.8365.8365.8365.80

65.7965.7865.7865.8265.90

65.9065.9065.9065.9065.9065.90

65.8565.9065.78

65.8965.8965.8865.8965.90

65.9065.9065.9065.8865.88

65.8765.8965.9365.9465.94

65.9665.9665.9766.0366.08

66.1166.1266.1266.1466.18

66.2066.2066.2166.2166.24

66.0166.2465.87

66.2566.2566.2666.2666.27

66.2966.3066.3066.3066.33

66.3566.3466.3366.3366.33

66.3066.3066.3266.3266.33

66.3166.3066.2966.2866.25

66.2466.2366.2266.2166.1866.17

66.2866.3566.17

66.1766.2266.2366.2466.24

66.2866.2'966.3066.3066.30

66.3066.2866.2766.2466.23

66.2266.2366.2566.2566.26

66.2666.2866.2566.2466.24

66.2466.2966.3066.2966.28

66.2666.3066.17

66.2466.2666.2466.2366.22

66.1966.1866.1766.1666.16

66.1266.1466.1866.1866.17

66.1766.1666.2166.2366.22

66.2166.1866.1766.1766.17

66.1666.1566.1666.1766.1666.16

66.1866.2666.12

66.1666.1566.1366.1266.14

66.1766.2266.2266.1966.17

66.1666.1666.1666.1366.11

66.1066.1066.0866.0666.05

66.0466.0666.0566.0466.03

65.9965.9865.9865.9865.9465.93

66.0966.2265.93

65.9365.9365.9265.9165.89

65.8765.8765.8665.8665.84

65.8565.8165.8065.7765.76

65.7565.7465.7465.7365.71

65.7265.7565.7565.7665.75

65.7565.7565.7565.7565.75

___

65.8065.9365.71

94

430551088273500 OCONOMOWOC LAKE NO. 1 (CENTER) AT OCONOMOWOC, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°05'51", long 880 27'35", in NW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.2, T.7 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Ocono-mowoc.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1986 to current year. REMARKS.--Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by



Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (US/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L)

Feb.

3.0

5108.12.5

-_11.8

___

___

__________________

08

60

5687.63.0

_3.1

___

_________

______

___

1

54188.

112504633142

22027334

30600000

<01

Apr

.5

.15

7.1

.1

.26

.06

.40

.66

.008

.002

.2

. 24

61

53687

.710

2504733142

22027334

30800000

<0-

.1.0

.9

.3

.26

.05

.60

.86

.010

.002--

Jun

1.5

5418.3

16.55

10.3

___

___

______

___

______0.008___3.3

e 05

61

5427.99.0

.05.0___

______

___

---___

___0.019___3.4

July

1.5

529 58.4

23.55.5

7.9

------

______0.007___1.4

11

59

587.78.5

0.0

---

0.150

Aug.

1.5

5118.3

25.52.

8.5___---_______________

___

<0.007

2.6

07

60

5557.78.5

90.0------___---------_________

---

___

0.1

2-8-96 4-24-96 6-5-96 7-11-96 8-7-96

10

fc 15

-_30

UJ45

20 00

W.T.

D.O.

10 20 30

15

30

45

DISSOLVED OXYGEN (D.O.), IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER10 20 10 20

15

30

45

10

15

30

45

20

10 20 30 0 10 20 30 0 10 20 30 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

15

30

45

10 20

10 20 30


6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6 789 10u

J_ 15111 U.- 30

It£45

60RA

\

s.c..

-

»- '.

: V

1

_

-

-

PH -

i

15

30

45

u

15

30

45

60CA

~ .'

~

~ }

1

-

-

-

1

15

30

45

15

30

45

500 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 500 550 600 650 500 550 600 650


95

0.020

CCCC ££0.015LU I] O^

0.010

I<3

oiQ.

I

0.005

00 0

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

10

Sw 8I sgp: ^Q- 6

P §1 2

O

ooo

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

Q.LU _ Q 6

O OLUco 8

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Oconomowoc Lake, No. 1 (Center) at Oconomowoc, Wisconsin.


96

430609088262200 OCONOMOWOC LAKE NO. 2 (OFF HEWITT POINT) AT OCONOMOWOC, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°06'09", long 88°26'22", in NW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.l, T.7 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Oconomowoc.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1986 to current year.REMARKS. Lake sampled at the deepest point in northeast bay near Hewitt Point. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-

quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.


Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (H-S/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenPhosphorus, total (as P)Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (\ig/L) ---

Feb.

3.0

5478.13.0

--11.0___

,)

08

48

6157.54.0

-2.9___

1

5808

10.

10<00

Apr.

.5

.10

7..9.007.7

24

48

5708.07.0

211.4<0.007___

1

5698

17.

1001

Jun

.5

.4

.04

.5

.007

.1

e 05

48

5807.89.0

.93.00.009

1

5528

23.

8<00

July 11

.5 49

607.3 7.55 9.0

3.4.6 0.1.007 0.046.9

Aug.

1.5

5418.3

26.02.

8.5<0.0071.5

07

49

6087.59.0

70.00.046___

2-8-96 4-24-96 6-5-96 7-11-96 8-7-96


0

10 20 30

8 9 10u

1-10UJ UJ

£20

t 3°

HIo

40

5l

Ml Jj I :

i ^r- ^

i iDO 550 600 65

10

: W.T.

20 00

10 20

D.O. -

10 20 30 10 20 30

10


8 9 10u

10

20

30

40

5°5<

1 '

'-

_S.C.

-

: \DO 550

1

-_

_I

;

pH ~

600 6£

PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 8 9 10

20 00

10 20 30

8 9 10u

10

20

30

40

5°5(

1 '

j-

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430723088252100 OKAUCHEE LAKE AT OKAUCHEE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°07'23", long 88°25'21", in SE 1/4 SE 1/4, sec.25, T.8 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, atOkauchee.

DRAINAGE AREA.--80.7 mi2 . PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1984 to current year. LAKE-STAGE GAGE.-Datum of gage is 869.00 ft above sea level. REMARKS.--A detailed water quality management plan has been developed for Okauchee Lake by Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning

Commission; previous water-quality data are available in this report. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered duringFebruary measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 14 TO AUGUST 19, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicatedd)

Feb. 14 May 06 June 27 July 25 Aug. 19

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance ((is/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) jig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) jig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L)

2-14-96

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CALENDAR YEAR

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100

430759088244200 OKAUCHEE LAKE, NO. 1, NEAR OKAUCHEE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°07'59", long 88°24'42", in NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.30, T.8 N., R.18 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, near Okauchee.

PERIOD OF RECORD.--April 1986 to current year.

LAKE-STAGE GAGE.-Datum of gage is 869.00 ft above sea level.

REMARKS.-Lake sampled in Crane's Nest Bay, in the northeast part of the lake, at an approximate depth of 7 ft. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MAY 06 TO AUGUST 19, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)


Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5Lake stage (ft) 4.77 5.02 4.74 4.79Specific conductance (\iS/cm) 554 514 550 555pH (units) e 8.4 8.4 8.3 8.1Water temperature (°C) 8.5 27.5 23.0 24.0Secchi-depth (meters) 1.7 1.7 1.3Dissolved oxygen 11.2 12.3 9.1 7.8Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.013 0.029 0.027 0.022Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (^ig/L) 3.3 5.9 8.9 7.8

430645088264500 OKAUCHEE LAKE, NO. 2, AT OKAUCHEE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 43°06'45", long 88°26'45", in SE 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.35, T.8 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Okauchee.



REMARKS.-Lake sampled in Lower Okauchee Lake, at an approximate depth of 14 ft. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MAY 06 TO AUGUST 19, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)May 06 June 27 July 25 Aug. 19

Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5Lake stage (ft) 4.77 5.02 4.74 0.00Specific conductance (^S/cm) 549 534 506 485pH (units) o 8.4 8.5 8.4 8.3Water temperature (°C) 10.5 25.5 23.5 25.0Secchi-depth (meters) 2.2 3.2 2.2 2.0Dissolved oxygen 10.9 10.1 8.8 8.7Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.014 0.012 0.013 0.012Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (^ig/L) 4.5 2.7 4.0 4.7

101


LOCATION.--Lat 43°06'42", long 88°25'24", in NE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.36, T.8 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Okauchee.



REMARKS. Lake sampled in Ice House Bay, in the southern part of the lake, at an approximate depth of 12 ft. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MAY 06 TO AUGUST 19,1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)


Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5Lake stage (ft) 4.77 5.02 4.74 0.00Specific conductance (US/cm) 548 514 489 490pH (units) 8.4 8.5 8.5 8.2Water temperature ( C) 10.0 25.0 23.5 25.0Secchi-depth (meters) 2.7 3.5 1.9 1.5Dissolved oxygen 11.5 10.3 9.3 8.2Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.015 0.014 0.014 0.012Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L) 5.8 1.7 6.1 7.8


LOCATION.~Lat 43°07'57", long 88°26'17", in NW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.25, T.8 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at Okauchee.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-June 1986 to current year.


REMARKS.-Lake sampled near McDowell (Crazyman's) Island, in the northwest bay of the lake, at an approximate depth of 5.5 ft. Water- quality analyses done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, MAY 06 TO AUGUST 19, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)


Depth of sample (ft) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5Lake stage (ft) 4.77 5.02 3.75 4.79Specific conductance (jiS/cm) 550 519 513 511pH (units) o 8.4 8.5 8.5 8.4Water temperature (°C) 10.0 24.5 22.5 24.5Secchi-depth (meters) 2.8 3.4 2.3 1.4Dissolved oxygen 11.2 10.9 9.1 8.6Phosphorus, total (as P) 0.013 0.011 0.011 0.009Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (Jlg/L) 2.8 2.3 5.0 6.4

102

424905088204000 POTTER LAKE NEAR MUKWONAGO, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°49'05", long 88°20'40", in NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 11, T.4 N., R.18 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, 3.3 misouth of Mukwonago.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1993 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by Wisconsin State

Laboratory of Hygiene. Lake-stage values published in 1994 water year were 0.08 ft too low.



Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (|i.S/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCOSCalcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaCOSSulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) (Kj/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) ng/Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|i.g/L)

Aug. 05

3.07

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104

423246088175800 POWERS LAKE AT POWERS LAKE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°32'46", long 88°17'58", in NW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.13, T.I N., R.18 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at PowersLake.

DRAINAGE AREA.--3.42 mi2. PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1986 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by




Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (^.S/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) Jig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) jig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L)

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106

425722088295000 PRETTY LAKE, AT DEEP HOLE, NEAR DOUSMAN, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°57'22", long 88°29'50", in NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.28, T.6 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, 4.1 misouth of Dousman.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1993 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near northeast end of lake at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses

done by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

WATER-QUALITY DATA, FEBRUARY 09 TO AUGUST 06, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless etherise indicated)


Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (LiS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCO3Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaCO3Sulfate, dissolved (SO4)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) Llg/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) \ig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (Llg/L)

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CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Pretty Lake, at Deep Hole, near Dousman, Wisconsin.

108

453725091345100 RED CEDAR LAKE, DEEP HOLE, NEAR MIKANA, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 45°37'25", long 91°34'5r, in NW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec. 11, T.36 N., R.10 W, Barren County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, 2.4 mi northeast of Mikana.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1993 to August 1994 and March to September 1996.REMARKS. Lake sampled in northern part of lake at deep hole. Lake ice-covered during March sampling. Water-quality analyses by Wis

consin State Laboratory of Hygiene.


Mar. 13

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance ((is/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenPhosphorus, total (as P)Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L -


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453519091352500 RED CEDAR LAKE, SOUTH END, AT MIKANA, WI

LOCATION.«Lat 45°35'19", long 91°35'25", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.22, T.36 N., R.IO W, Barron County, Hydrologic Unit 07050007, at Mikana.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1993 to August 1994 and March to September 1996.REMARKS. Lake sampled 0.2 mi northwest of Honeymoon Island. Lake ice-covered during March sampling. Water-quality analyses by



Mar. 12

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (n.S/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) |ig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) (ig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton ((ig/L)

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JFMAMJJASOND 1993


JFMAMJJASOND 1996

CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Red Cedar Lake (south end) at Mikana, Wisconsin.

112

430436088293300 SILVER LAKE NEAR OCONOMOWOC, WI

LOCATION.~Lat 43°04'36"long 88°29'33", in NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.16, T.7 N., R.17 E., Waukesha County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, nearOconomowoc.

PERIOD OF RECORD.--April 1992 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by




Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (US/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCOSCalcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Alkalinity, as CaCO3Sulfate, dissolved (SO4)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (SiO2)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, NO2 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) Lig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) ng/Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L)

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1995 1996

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Silver Lake near Oconomowoc, Wisconsin.


114

432322088125000 SILVER LAKE NEAR WEST BEND, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°23'22", long 88"12'50", in NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.27, T.ll N., R.19 E., Washington County, Hydrologic Unit 04040003,1.4 mi southwest of West Bend.

PERIOD OF RECORD.--February to August 1996. REMARKS. Lake sampled at northern end of southern lobe of lake at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements.

Water-quality analyses by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.


Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (fiS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) fig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) fig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (fig/L)

Feb.

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115

424854088123300 TICHIGAN LAKE NEAR WATERFORD, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°48'54" long 88°12'33", in SE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec. 11, T.4 N., R.19 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006,3.5 mi north ofWaterford.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1994 to current year. REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by




Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (|iS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) |ig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) (ig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (|ig/L)

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JFMAMJJASOND 1996

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Tichigan Lake near Waterford, Wisconsin.

117

455909089405602 VANDERCOOK LAKE NEAR WOODRUFF, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 45°59'09", long 89°40'56", in SW 1/4 NE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.36, T.41 N., R.6 E., Vilas County, Hydrologic Unit 07070001, at north end of lake on dirt road off County Trunk Highway M, 6.1 mi north of Woodruff.

DRAINAGE AREA.--1.11 mi2 . Area of lake, 0.17 mi2.

PERIOD OF RECORD.-November 1980 to current year.

GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 1,600.00 ft above sea level.

REMARKS. Precision of records (estimated to be about ±0.1 ft) is poorer than normal owing to equipment problems. Lake does not have surface inlet or outlet.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum observed gage height, 32.26 ft, Apr. 8-10, 1986; minimum observed gage height, 28.97 ft, Oct. 28,1989.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum observed gage height, 31.32 ft, Aug. 7; minimum observed gage height, 30.42 ft, Oct. 5.


DAILY MEAN VALUES


1 30.44 30.62 30.51 31.12 31.10 31.15 31.22 31.102 30.43 30.66 30.51 30.94 31.13 31.14 31.18 31.21 31.103 30.44 30.65 30.51 30.96 31.13 31.15 31.17 31.21 31.104 30.43 30.64 30.49 e30.96 31.12 31.15 31.16 31.20 31.175 30.42 30.64 30.50 e30.96 31.14 31.14 31.15 31.25 31.16

6 30.50 30.63 30.49 e30.96 31.16 31.15 31.14 31.29 31.157 30.58 30.62 30.48 e30.95 31.15 31.15 31.17 31.32 31.148 30.57 30.61 30.47 e30.95 31.13 31.15 31.17 31.30 31.139 30.57 30.60 30.47 e30.95 31.14 31.15 31.28 31.13

10 30.57 30.61 30.47 30.94 31.13 31.13 31.27 31.12

11 30.57 30.59 30.46 30.95 31.13 31.12 31.26 31.1312 30.57 30.58 30.46 30.96 31.13 31.16 31.25 31.1113 30.56 30.58 30.46 31.00 31.12 31.17 31.25 31.0814 30.56 30.57 30.53 30.97 31.11 31.16 31.24 31.0515 30.56 30.56 30.52 31.00 31.10 31.17 31.24 31.05

16 30.55 30.56 30.51 31.00 31.11 31.09 31.16 31.23 31.0317 30.55 30.55 30.51 31.03 e31.18 31.08 31.16 31.22 31.0118 30.53 30.56 30.51 31.03 e31.18 31.08 31.21 31.22 e31.0119 30.53 30.54 30.52 31.07 31.25 31.08 31.22 31.21 eSl.OO20 30.53 30.55 30.51 31.06 31.25 31.08 31.21 31.23 e30.99

21 30.56 30.54 30.51 31.06 31.22 31.09 31.20 31.22 e31.0622 30.55 30.53 30.51 31.06 31.24 31.09 31.19 31.25 e31.0523 30.57 30.52 30.52 31.05 31.22 31.08 31.18 31.23 e31.0324 30.63 30.51 30.51 31.06 31.20 31.09 31.18 31.22 e31.0225 30.63 30.51 30.51 31.09 31.19 31.09 31.18 31.21 e31.01

26 30.62 30.53 30.51 31.13 31.17 31.14 31.16 31.18 31.0327 30.62 30.52 30.51 31.13 31.15 31.18 31.16 31.17 31.0428 30.62 30.50 30.51 31.12 31.12 31.18 31.22 31.16 31.0429 30.61 30.49 30.49 31.14 31.09 31.18 31.24 31.15 31.0230 30.61 30.51 30.50 31.15 31.09 31.16 31.23 31.13 31.0231 30.60 30.48 31.08 31.23 31.10 -

MEAN 30.55 30.57 30.50 31.12 31.18 31.22 31.07MAX 30.63 30.66 30.53 31.18 31.24 31.32 31.17MIN 30.42 30.49 30.46 31.08 31.12 31.10 30.99

e Estimated

118

424857088101500 WAUBEESEE LAKE AT WIND LAKE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°48'57", long 88°10'15", in SE 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.7, T.4 N., R.20 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at Wind Lake. DRAINAGE AREA.-5.16 mi2 .PERIOD OF RECORD.-Febraary 1988 to August 1989, February 1991 to current year.REMARKS. Lake sampled near southwest end at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done

by Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene.

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (H-S/cm)pH (units)Water temperature ( C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaCO3Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaCO3Sulfate, dissolved (SO4)Chloride, dissolved (CDFluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (SiO2)Solids, dissolved, at 180 CNitrogen, NO2 + NO3, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) }ig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) }ig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (}ig/L)



3.04

4647.92.5

-11.9_______________

____________

___

69.93474

7.73.5___

--6.5

______

___

___

1

44486.250

112104225133

170292701

2680

<00010

<0

<02

.54.

.10

.604.

.7

.1

.0

.20

.03

.80

.80

.0

.012

.002

.4

.4

7190446

85251

711

2104225133

170292701

2640

<000100

1-

.0.5

.2

.4

.1

.0

.20

.03

.80

.80

.0

.013

.002

--

1.55.

4528.3

17.5

5.9.6___

_________

______

0.008---

___1.1

7232453

7.66.5

7

2.7

__________________

______0.111___

___1.3

1.55.

4338.5

25.0

2.9.3

_________---

_________0.012___

___2.6

6876453

7.66.5

80.0

___---___---

___

0.113___

______

1.54.

4238.6

26.0

___2.

8.4

______---___

______

0.010___

3.4

7388461

7.56.5

80.0

___

______---

0.217___

2-6-96

10

4-10-96 6-11-96 7-16-96 8-13-96


10 20 30 10 20 30 10 20 30


PH, IN STANDARD UNITS 10 10 10

0

t 15111-30

I

111o60

7K

1

-

-

'_ pH

.-

i

I 1 ' '

' s.c. --

_

.g

«, -

, ,

0

15

30

45

60

7K

1

-

-

_

.

-

1

1

-

-

_

.

,

0

15

30

45

60

7K

I '

; / :i

- / -II

i, i

0

15

30

45

60

7C

' : ' I '

- "o -I

- / -//~

i i i

u

15

30

45

60

75

i

-

-

-

~

, I

' 1 '

^''

' ~

-

"~

, '' ,

400 425 450 475 500 400 425 450 475 500 400 425 450 475 500 400 425 450 475 500 400 425 450 475 500


119

0.03

Q ff 0.02

°co

|l85 d 0.0102 £2

o u1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

oHOC < LU

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

0)1 CC

E.

1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993

CALENDAR YEAR

1994 1995 1996

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchj depths for Waubeesee Lake at Wind Lake, Wisconsin.


120

424608088414800 WHTTEWATER LAKE NEAR WHTTEWATER, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°46'08", long 88°41'48", in NW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.35, T.4 N., R.15 E., Walworth County, Hydrologic Unit 07090001, at outlet, 5.0 mi southeast of Whitewater and 10.0 mi north of Delavan.

DRAINAGE AREA.--10.9 mi2, of which 8.5 mi2 is non-contributing.


GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 861.00 ft above sea level, revised, (Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources).

REMARKS.-No estimated daily gage heights. Records good. Point of zero flow of dam crest is 10.97 ft. Rainfall data published in 1991 under this station number are now stored under station number 424559088420300.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height, 11.42 ft, June 18,19,1996; minimum daily gage height, 8.89 ft, Oct. 2, 3,1991.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.--Maximum gage height, 11.42 ft, June 18,19; minimum daily gage height, 10.25 ft, Oct. 5.

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

OCT

10.2810.2610.2610.2610.25

10.4010.4410.4310.4310.42

10.4210.4110.4110.4010.38

10.3610.3610.3410.3510.37

10.3810.3710.3810.3910.37

10.3610.4310.4710.4610.4610.45

10.3810.47.10.25

NOV

10.5310.5710.5610.5510.55

10.5410.5310.5210.5210.54

10.6310.6210.6210.6210.61

10.6110.6110.6110.6110.61

10.6110.6010.6010.5910.59

10.5810.6210.6810.6810.68

10.5910.6810.52


DAILY MEAN VALUES

DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL

10.6810.6810.6810.6710.68

10.6710.6610.6610.6710.67

10.6710.6710.6710.6810.70

10.6910.6910.6810.6810.68

10.6810.6710.6710.6610.66

10.6610.6610.6610.6610.6610.66

10.6710.7010.66

10.6610.6610.6610.6610.66

10.6610.6610.6610.6610.66

10.6810.6910.6910.6910.68

10.6810.6910.7410.7710.77

10.7710.7710.7710.7710.77

10.7710.7710.7710.7810.7710.77

10.7110.7810.66

10.7710.7810.7810.7810.78

10.7810.7910.8210.8210.82

10.8210.8110.8010.8010.79

10.7910.7810.7810.7710.77

10.7710.7610.7610.7710.77

10.7810.7910.7910.78

10.7910.8210.76

10.7810.7810.7710.7610.76

10.7610.7710.7710.7710.76

10.7510.7510.7510.7510.75

10.7410.7410.7310.7310.71

10.7010.6910.6910.6910.71

10.6710.6610.6610.6510.6510.66

10.7310.7810.65

10.6510.6510.6410.6310.62

10.6210.6110.6010.6010.59

10.5910.5810.5610.5510.62

10.6410.6410.6510.6710.69

10.6710.6710.6510.6510.65

10.6310.6110.6010.6310.67

10.6310.6910.55

10.6710.6610.6610.6510.64

10.6310.6310.6310.6510.75

10.7610.7610.7510.7410.75

10.7510.7610.7610.7710.78

10.8110.8110.8010.7910.78

10.7710.7710.7610.7510.7510.74

10.7310.8110.63

10.7510.8610.8910.9010.91

10.9411.1611.1511.1411.15

11.1511.1611.1611.1711.16

11.1611.2411.4011.4011.39

11.3811.3711.3611.3411.33

11.3211.3011.3011.2811.27

11.1811.4010.75

11.2511.2411.2211.2011.18

11.1711.1611.1511.1411.12

11.1111.0911.0811.0911.09

11.0711.0811.1211.1211.09

11.0711.0611.0611.0511.04

11.0411.0311.0211.0311.0211.01

11.1011.2511.01

AUG

10.9910.9810.9810.9710.96

11.0111.0111.0010.9810.96

10.9410.9310.9110.9010.89

10.8710.8510.8410.8610.86

10.8510.8410.8210.8110.79

10.7710.7510.7410.7210.7210.72

10.8811.0110.72

SEP

10.7110.7010.6810.6810.66

10.6510.6410.6410.6310.62

10.6110.5810.5510.5410.53

10.5110.5010.4910.4910.48

10.4810.4710.4610.4710.46

10.5110.5610.5410.5310.53

10.5610.7110.46

121

424915088083900 WIND LAKE AT WIND LAKE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 42°49'15", long 88°08'39", in NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.9, T.4 N., R.20 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at Wind Lake. PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1985 to current year.REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by


WATER-QUALITY DATA, OCTOBER 11,1995 TO APRIL 23, 1996 (Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)Oct. 11 Dec. 07 Feb. 06 Apr. 23

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (uS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as N)Nitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) ug/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) ug/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (ug/L)

1.58.

5128.5

15.5

1

10.4_________

___

0.056---

___54

5011522

8.114.0___

.06.2___

___

___

0.091

___

1.57.

5488.21.5

___1

13.8___ ___

______

___

_________0.039

___29

4936545

8.52.0

.112.6___

___

______

___

______0.046___

___

3

64171--

11-----------.-----0-

_-

.07.

.9.5----

-.4---------------------- ---- --.039

__

5040908

73--

0----------- -----0-

_-

.2.5

.7-- ---- ---- -- --.374--

__

1

6228

10.353

102404929313

190366200

360001220

<0

<032

.57.

.3,5

.21

.0

.1

.0

.19

.27

.7

.0

.2

.073

.002

.4

4596623

89352

.18

2404828313

190366200

362001110

<0

3-

.1.0

.7

.4

.2

.1

.16

.39

.2

.6

.8

.057

.002

10

20

I- 30 CL UJ Q

40

50

10-11-95

10

12-7-95 2-6-96


20 10 20 10 20

D.O.

-! W.T.

10 20 30 "0 10 20 30 "0 10 20 30


4-23-96

10 20u

10

20

30

40

en

-

-

-

~- ;'

" i i i

M/ ^. , . i i i i i~

10 20 30


50

10 8 10u

10

20

30

40

>;n

'\- s.c.

L: PH'-

-

-

_i:

-_

-_

10u

10

20

30

40

zn

i '

~-

~7

'-

: I

1

-j

-_

-_

-j

10

500 750 1,000 500 750 1,000 500 750 1,000 500 750 1,000


122

424915088083900 WIND LAKE AT WIND LAKE, WI--CONTINUED

WATER-QUALITY DATA, JUNE 11 TO AAUGUST 08, 1996(Milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated)

June 11 July 16

Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (jlS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenPhosphorus, total-(as P)Chlorophyll a, phytoplankton (jig/L)

Aug. 08

1.5 50 8.41

603 6418.4 7.3

17.0 11.02.5

8.4 0.20.070 0.3238.6

1.5 48 8.22

587 6578.4 7.4

24.5 12.01.2

9.3 0.30.053 0.43524

1.5 50 8.29

580 6648.4 7.2

26.5 12.01.1

8.0 0.60.039 0.48317

6-11-96 7-16-96 8-8-96


o c

h- 1 °tu tu-20

H 30 Q_tuQ

40

tin

10 2

D.O. y ~

^ ' ~

f \ W.T. ~

0 C0

10

20

30

40

«;n

10 2

' -

. , , , I *, . . . 1 . i , .'

0 C0

10

20

30

40

«;n

10 2/;i.** ~

10 20 30 10 20 30


8 9 10PH, IN STANDARD UNITS

8 9 10

10 20 30

8 9 10u

t 10UJI 20H 30CLUJQ

40

«;n

1 '

'7

- S.C. j/

1/1

1

j1 ,

1

-j

--

PH :_i~~.~

:

u

10

20

30

40

Rn

1

-

i- \

\"_

~

'

\_

~".

~

i

u

10

20

30

40

«;n

1

'-

- \

\_ '/I

_~~

.~

,500 750 1,000 500 750 1,000 500 750 1,000


123

0

cccc1- UI n -IE ZH 0.15UJ Ij

O °~

||o.,o

||0.05

_l

I I

-

~ « ~

i " " / . 9 * ". *. :' ^* * _ ** * * ^ «PT » ^ * ~- n * '.

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

150

O I- CC< UJ

100

50

I I

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

i i i r i r i i

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995

CALENDAR YEAR

1996

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Wind Lake at Wind Lake, Wisconsin.

124

424848088083100 WIND LAKE OUTLET AT WIND LAKE, WI

LOCATION.-Lat 42°48'48" long 88 008'31", in NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.16, T.4 N., R.20 E., Racine County, Hydrologic Unit 07120006, at Wind Lake.


PERIOD OF RECORD.-March 1985 to current year.

REVISED RECORDS.--WDR WI-91-1: 1988(m).

GAGE.-Water-stage recorder and concrete dam. Datum of gage is 760.30 ft above sea level. Prior to Oct. 2, 1987, nonrecording gage at same site and datum.

REMARKS.-Lake ice-covered Nov. 29 to Mar. 24, and Mar. 26. Records good except for Apr. 24 to July 16, which are fair. Lake level regulated by dam with two 10-foot gates at outlet. Prior to October 1987, published as Wind Lake at Wind Lake, Wis.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height, 8.61 ft, Sept. 1,1989; minimum recorded, 5.95 ft, Jan. 2,1996.



DAILY MEAN VALUES

DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN AUG SEP

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

8.038.088.108.108.14

8.158.108.138.128.11

8.118.088.058.068.06

7.837.577.467.407.38

7.337.287.277.307.33

7.377.467.547.577.577.59

7.768.157.27

7.667.717.687.637.56

7.487.467.447.407.42

7.537.537.537.527.52

7.517.507.487.467.45

7.457.417.417.397.36

7.347.367.337.287.24

7.477.717.24

7.237.227.257.297.35

7.347.367.367.357.30

7.247.187.137.097.04

6.996.936.886.846.80

6.766.716.666.626.59

6.536.476.396.286.176.11

6.927.366.11

5.995.965.986.016.03

6.056.076.096.116.11

6.146.176.186.196.20

6.216.246.376.536.63

6.716.796.866.946.99

7.057.127.167.217.247.28

6.477.285.96

7.327.357.367.387.40

7.407.417.427.447.49

7.567.637.687.657.59

7.547.517.487.427.38

7.397.417.457.457.46

7.497.557.557.51___

7.477.687.32

7.477.447.367.327.34

7.367.367.367.367.35

7.347.387.447.527.60

7.627.657.647.647.61

7.547.547.557.577.58

7.647.707.797.837.857.87

7.547.877.32

7.887.877.907.997.94

7.857.787.717.707.71

7.727.757.797.838.01

8.188.318.308.258.18

8.108.027.967.907.94

7.978.048.128.238.23___

7.978.317.70

8.138.058.008.038.12

8.168.128.078.068.16

8.238.248.248.208.22

8.248.248.198.118.10

8.188.208.258.288.32

8.348.348.348.318.298.24

8.198.348.00

8.208.268.308.338.36

8.368.358.408.438.44

8.418.368.288.228.20

8.208.298.328.308.25

8.108.148.198.318.23

8.168.248.218.178.14___

8.278.448.10

8.158.168.198.228.20

8.188.168.178.198.23

8.228.228.228.218.22

8.228.248.348.308.22

8.168.148.168.168.16

8.168.158.148.158.168.17

8.198.348.14

8.178.168.168.158.14

8.278.298.298.278.26

8.268.258.248.228.19

8.168.158.148.178.19

8.198.198.198.178.15

8.148.148.138.118.108.10

8.198.298.10

8.088.078.068.058.03

8.028.018.028.048.02

8.027.997.977.947.92

7.917.907.897.887.86

7.867.867.857.857.83

7.877.927.907.907.88___

7.958.087.83

125

04082500 LAKEWINNEBAGOATOSHKOSH,WI

LOCATION.--Lat 44°00'35", long 88°31'38", in NE 1/4 NE 1/4 sec.25, T.18 N., R.16 E., Winnebago County, Hydrologic Unit 04030203, at 905 Bay Shore Drive, 800 ft east of mouth of the upper Fox River.

DRAINAGE AREA.~5.880 mi2, at lake outlet at Menasha Dam. Area of Lake Winnebago, 215 mi2 .

PERIOD OF RECORD.-October 1938 to current year in reports of Geological Survey. Records from 1882 to 1938 in files of Geological Survey and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. A report on Fox River by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, published as House Document No. 146, 67th Congress, 2nd session, contains semi-monthly records of inflow of Lake Winnebago for the period 1896-1917.

REVISED RECORD.--WDR WI-83-1: Drainage area.

GAGE.-Water-stage recorder. Nonrecording gage read once daily October 1938 to October 1978. Datum of gage is 745.05 ft above mean tide at New York City (levels by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers). Datum of Deuchman gage is 745.00 ft above mean tide at New York City.

REMARKS.--Estimated daily gage heights: May 11-19. Records good except for estimated daily gage heights, which are fair. Lake eleva tions controlled by dams at Menasha and Neenah, which are operated in the interest of navigation. Crests of both dams are at elevation 746.73 ft. Present limits of regulation are from 21 1/4 in. above the crest of Menasha dam to crest during navigation season, plus addi tional 18 in. below crest during winter. Oshkosh staff gage gives true level of lake, while Deuchman gage readings are affected by loss of head in the channel between lake and dam. Data-collection platform at station.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 5.33 ft (Deuchman gage) Nov. 8,1881; minimum observed, -2.00 ft (Deuchman gage) Nov. 28, 1891.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum recorded gage height, 3.67 ft, July 2; minimum recorded, 1.18 ft, Mar. 12,13.


DAILY MEAN VALUES

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

OCT

3.053.143.133.123.16

3.143.193.253.253.25

3.233.213.123.013.03

2.80

2.762.772.742.592.63

2.612.632.662.622.642.64

2.943.252.59

NOV

2.672.672.662.722.66

2.632.582.572.602.51

2.462.512.462.442.38

2.372.372.342.312.21

2.192.232.192.172.12

2.102.122.102.092.08

2.382.722.08

DEC JAN FEE APR

1.94

2.052.052.032.032.01

1.97

1.961.941.931.921.90

1.891.871.861.851.83

1.821.811.801.791.771.76

1.751.741.731.721.71

1.64

1.58

1.571.561.601.651.65

1.661.671.681.701.71

1.781.781.781.771.76

1.751.741.741.721.70

1.691.681.661.641.61

1.581.561.531.501.47

1.441.41

1.76 1.56

1.35

1.351.371.371.36

1.581.781.35

1.341.321.311.291.29

1.281.261.251.231.22

1.201.191.191.231.27

1.321.361.411.441.48

1.501.531.571.611.68

1.721.731.751.781.811.86

1.431.861.19

2.01

2.032.05

.07

.092. 2. 2.11

2.132.122.142.172.20

2.222.282.282.332.43

2.522.542.612.642.58

2.592.682.692.772.68

2.292.771.90

MAY

2.782.792.812.812.80

2.782.732.752.742.84

2.802.702.702.702.70

2.702.802.802.902.95

2.972.993.053.063.00

JUN

3.093.143.173.233.21

JUL AUG

3.22

3.193.17

.14

.133, 3, 3.11

3.083.323.413.403.37

3.353.333.343.273.28

3.283.283.293.253.27

2.70

3.243.413.08

3.283.283.253.193.13

2.973.002.98

2.942.95

.98

.002.3. 2.98

2.99

3.17

3.12

3.09

090704070706

0828

3.053.033.012.992.98

3.03

2.992.972.982.952.95

2.94

2.932.932.932.922.96

2.962.963.002.972.96

2.982.962.942.952.942.93

2.983.052.92

SEP

2.932.922.912.922.92

2.912.912.942.982.96

2.932.932.902.872.86

2.882.872.852.852.82

2.822.822.84

812.83

2.852.752.802.822.83

2.872.982.75

126

04084255 LAKE WINNEBAGO NEAR STOCKBRIDGE, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 44°04'17", long 88°19'52", Stockbridge Indian Reservation, Calumet County, Hydrologic Unit 04030203, on east shore of Lake Winnebago, 300 ft south of County Highway E and 1.6 mi west of Stockbridge.

DRAINAGE AREA.-5,880 mi2, at lake outlet at Menasha Dam. Area of Lake Winnebago, 215 mi2 .


GAGE.--Water-stage recorder. Datum of gage is 745.05 ft above mean tide of New York City (levels by U. S. Army Corps of Engineers).

REMARKS.-Records good. Lake elevations controlled by dams at Menasha and Neenah, which are operated in the interest of navigation. Crests of both dams are at elevation 746.73 ft. Present limits of regulation are from 21 1/4 in. above the crest of Menasha dam to crest during navigation season, plus additional 18 in. below crest during winter. Data-collection platform at station.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 4.13 ft, July 9,1993; minimum observed, 0.30 ft, Mar. 1,1986.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.~Maximum recorded gage height, 3.57 ft, June 29; minimum recorded, 1.10 ft, Mar. 11.


DAILY MEAN VALUES

DAY

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031

MEANMAXMIN

OCT

3.193.103.083.092.93

3.063.233.223.213.24

3.233.193.173.203.16

3.052.972.862.832.86

2.932.822.682.742.64

2.572.612.632.692.622.56

2.953.242.56

NOV

2.592.802.922.812.75

2.662.622.632.562.48

2.512.482.422.392.39

2.372.322.312.282.29

2.282.222.172.142.08

2.041.922.072.052.04

2.392.921.92

DEC

2.042.022.022.022.06

2.062.021.992.011.98

1.951.931.911.951.94

1.921.901.891.881.87

1.851.841.821.811.80

1.781.771.761.741.721.72

1.902.061.72

JAN

1.711.711.691.681.66

1.651.641.621.611.59

1.591.581.571.551.54

1.521.521.561.621.61

1.611.621.631.661.67

1.701.751.741.751.751.74

1.641.751.52

FEE

1.741.741.731.731.72

1.711.681.691.671.66

1.661.641.611.601.57

1.541.511.481.451.42

1.401.371.351.321.30

1.311.331.341.32

1.541.741.30

MAR

1.291.291.261.241.24

1.231.221.211.181.16

1.141.131.141.181.22

1.271.311.361.411.45

1.471.501.521.561.66

1.681.681.711.751.771.83

1.391.831.13

APR

1.861.891.901.951.98

2.002.022.032.062.07

2.082.082.092.112.18

2.242.232.242.342.43

2.512.532.562.592.61

2.622.652.622.512.75

2.262.751.86

MAY

2.802.792.762.732.70

2.692.692.672.692.68

2.732.752.752.742.68

2.712.772.852.912.93

2.962.992.942.882.92

2.932.902.882.922.993.02

2.823.022.67

JUN

3.043.193.243.213.19

3.123.063.163.173.17

3.163.143.133.103.07

3.033.193.293.363.37

3.353.333.283.273.29

3.303.293.313.333.33

3.223.373.03

JUL

3.283.273.223.193.15

3.113.083.052.982.98

2.962.972.993.013.02

3.033.003.063.103.09

3.113.143.153.153.13

3.083.053.043.083.083.06

3.083.282.96

AUG

3.043.023.002.982.99

3.043.083.093.053.00

2.993.023.013.032.99

2.942.942.912.942.98

2.963.002.983.013.01

2.922.902.922.932.922.93

2.983.092.90

SEP

2.922.912.902.902.89

2.872.882.892.932.95

2.952.882.852.862.83

2.762.752.782.772.76

2.772.812.782.812.77

2.672.832.872.812.75

2.842.952.67

127

435152088123100 WOLF LAKE NEAR MT. CALVARY, WI

LOCATION.--Lat 43°51'52", long 88°12'31", in SW 1/4 SE 1/4 sec.10, T.16 N., R.19 E., Fond du Lac County, Hydrologic Unit 04030101, 3.2 mi northeast of Mt. Calvary.

DRAINAGE AREA.--3.43 mi2.

LAKE-STAGE RECORDS

PERIOD OF RECORD.--November 1983 to September 1986, November 1992 to current year.

GAGE. Stage measured by Alan Depies at lake outlet.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD.-Maximum gage height observed, 6.81 ft, Sept. 15, 1986; minimum observed, 4.42 ft, July 24, 1985.

EXTREMES FOR CURRENT YEAR.-Maximum gage height observed, 6.14 ft, June 26; minimum observed, 4.72 ft, Oct. 1.

12345

6789

10

1112131415

1617181920

2122232425

262728293031


DAILY MEAN VALUES


4.72 5.56 5.77 5.434.89 5.06

5.87 5.77 5.52

5.47

5.89

5.06

6.14

5.81

5.39

5.48

5.18

5.31

5.31

5.47

5.06

128

435152088123100 WOLF LAKE NEAR MT. CALVARY, WI--CONTINUED


PERIOD OF RECORD.-February 1984 to September 1987, February 1993 to current year.REMARKS. Lake sampled near center at the deep hole. Lake ice-covered during February measurements. Water-quality analyses done by




Depth of sample (ft)Lake stage (ft)Specific conductance (jiS/cm)pH (units)Water temperature (°C)Color (Pt-Co. scale)Turbidity (NTU)Secchi-depth (meters)Dissolved oxygenHardness, as CaC03Calcium, dissolved (Ca)Magnesium, dissolved (Mg)Sodium, dissolved (Na)Potassium, dissolved (K)Alkalinity, as CaC03Sulfate, dissolved (S04)Chloride, dissolved (Cl)Fluoride, dissolved (F)Silica, dissolved (Si02)Solids, dissolved, at 180°CNitrogen, N02 + N03, diss. (as N)Nitrogen, ammonia, dissolved (as NNitrogen, organic, total (as N)Nitrogen, amm. + org., total (as N)Nitrogen, total (as N)Phosphorus, total (as P)Phosphorus, ortho, dissolved (as P)Iron, dissolved (Fe) fig/LManganese, dissolved (Mn) fig/LChlorophyll a, phytoplankton (fig/L)

Aug. 21

3.05

5228.03.5______

11.6

___

___

___

r

r)

>)

___,)

45.87616

7.34.5

___0.2

________________________ __________________

---

___

1

50188.250

9250413565

200342802

3040001100

55

.55.

.10

.803.

.9

.5

.1

.6

.08

.18

.92

.1

.2

.037

.002

.6

4689502

87250

89

250423565

200362802

3080001100

16-

.1.5

.90

.3

.4

.1

.8

.08

.16

.94

.1

.2

.038

.007

1.56.

5188.1

22.5

___3.

8.8

______

_________

___0.034

___4.3

4614554

7.78.5______

10.0

___ ___ ______

___

0.350

___

1.55.

5308.4

23.0 ___

3.8.8

______ ___

___

0.024

___7.2

4548543

7.58.5______

00.2___

___---

_________

___---

___

0.538

1.55.

5208.3

26.0___

1.9.0

___

0.032

11

4547550

7.48.5

70.0

0.559___

2-15-96

10

5-1-96 6-26-96 7-23-96

10 20 30


12

24

36

46

10 20 C0

12

24

36

AC

10 2

jJ. , i/ -

-

10 20 30 ~0 10 20 30 0 10 20 WATER TEMPERATURE (W.T.), IN DEGREES CELSIUS

30

12

24

36

46

8-21-96

10 20

10 20 30


6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10 6789 10

W 12 UJ

r s.c.

-24

36

46

PH12

24

36

46

12

24

36

46

12

24

36

46

12

24

36

46450 500 550 600 650 450 500 550 600 650 450 500 550 600 650 450 500 550 600 650 450 500 550 600 650


129

JENTRATION,

LITER

0 C S S

0 £ 0.03

TOTAL PHOSPHORL IN MILLIGRA 0 O 2 ft

II I :

]

* * 4

o i

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

CENTRATION,

'ER LITER

§ 2

z °l40

"2S- O

ICC Q.O

0

0

III II

-

. * * .// . <

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

I I I I I I

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

CALENDAR YEAR

Surface total phosphorus and chlorophyll a concentrations, and Secchi depths for Wolf Lake near Mt. Calvary, Wisconsin.


130

WISCONSIN DISTRICT PUBLICATIONS PERTAINING TO LAKES

The reports published in a U.S. Geological Survey series are for sale by the U.S. Geological Survey, Box 25425, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225. Prepayment is required. Remittance should be sent by check or money order payable to the U.S. Geological Survey. Prices can be obtained by writing to the above address or by calling (303) 236-7476. Reprints of journal articles may be obtained by writing directly to the author at U.S. Geological Survey, 6417 Normandy Lane, Madison, Wl 53719.

Anderson, W.L., Robertson, D.M., and Magnuson, J.J., 1996, Evidence of recent warming and El Nino-related variation in ice breakup of Wisconsin lakes, Limnology and Oceanography, Vol. 41, p. 815-821.

Elder, J.F. and Goddard, G.L., 1996, Sediment and nutrient trapping efficiency of a constructed wetland near Delavan Lake, Wisconsin, 1993-1995: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-232-96.

Garn, H.S., Olson, D.L., Seidel, T.L, and Rose, W.J., 1996, Hydrology and water quality of Lau- derdale Lakes, Walworth County, Wisconsin, 1993-94: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Re sources Investigations Report 96-4235, 29 p.

Hunt, R.J. and Krohelski, J.T., 1996, The application of an analytical element model to investigate groundwater-lake interactions at Pretty Lake, Wisconsin, Lake and Reservoir Management, Vol. 12, p. 487-495.

Imberger, J., Robertson, D.M., and Boland, K., 1996, Lake Number: A quantitative indicator of mixing to be used in water quality management. Scientificlmpeller, Solna, Sweden, No. 4, p. 9-15.

Kammerer, P.A., Jr., 1996, Hydrology and water quality of Park Lake, Sourth-central Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survy Fact Sheet FS-197-96.

Robertson, D.M., Field, S.J, Elder, J.F., Goddard, G.L., and James, W.F., 1996, Phosphorus dy namics of Delavan Lake Inlet in southeastern Wisconsin. U.S. Geological Survey Water- Resources Investigations Report 96-4160,18 p.

Assel, R.A. and Robertson, D.M. 1995, Changes in winter air temperatures near Lake Michigan during 1851 -1993, as determined from regional lake-ice records, Limnology and Oceanogra phy, v. 40, p 165-176.

Assel, R.A., Robertson, D.M., Hoff, M.H., and Selgeby, J.H., 1995, Climatic-change implications from long-term (1823-1994) ice records near the Laurentian Great Lakes: Annals of Glaciolo- gy, v. 21, p. 383-386.

Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Webster, K.E., 1995, Transient hydrogeological controls on the chemistry of a seepage lake: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 9, p. 2295-2305.

Krohelski, J.T. and Batten, W.G., 1995, Simulation of stage and the hydrologic budget of Devils Lake, Sauk County, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-348, 22 p.

Wentz, D.A., Rose, W.J., and Webster, K.E., 1995, Long-term hydrologic and biogeochemical re sponses of a soft water seepage lake in north central Wisconsin: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 1,p 199-212.

Elder, J.F., 1994, Distribution and grain-size partitioning of metals in bottom sediments of an ex perimentally acidified lake: Water Resources Bulletin, v. 30, no. 2, p. 251-259.

131

Goddard, G.L., and Field, S.J., 1994, Hydrology and water quality of Whitewater and Rice Lakes in southeastern Wisconsin, 1990-91: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4101, 36 p.

Greb, S.R., and Wentz, D.A., 1994, Chemical budgets, in Klepinger, K.E., ed., RILWAS 1983-86: Wisconsin Regional Integrated Lake Watershed Acidification Study, Volume 1: Madison, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, PUBL-RS-909-94, Chapter 7, 20 p.

Hurley, J.P., Krabbenhoft, D.P., Babiarz, C.L., and Andren, A.W., 1994, Cycling processes of mer cury across sediment/water interfaces in seepage lakes, in Baker, L.A. ed., Environmental Chemistry of Lakes and Reservoirs: Advances in Chemistry Series, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., p. 426-449.

Krabbenhoft, D.P., Bowser, C.J., Kendall, C., and Gat, J.R., 1994, Use of oxygen-19 and deute rium to assess the hydrology of ground-water/lake systems, in Baker, L.A. ed., Environmental Chemistry of Lakes and Reservoirs: Advances in Chemistry Series, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., p. 67-90.

Robertson, D.M., Anderson, W., and Magnuson, J.J., 1994, Relations between El Nino/Southern Oscillation events and the climate and ice cover of lakes in Wisconsin. P 48-57, in Greenland, D. ed., El Nino and Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Sites: Publication No. 18. LTER Network Office: University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., 57 p.

Robertson, D.M. and Imberger, J. 1994, Lake Number, a quantitative indicator of mixing used to estimate changes in dissolved oxygen, Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie, v. 79, p. 159-176.

Watras, C.J., Bloom, N.S., Hurley, J.P., Fitzgerald, W.F., Andren, A.W., Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Porcella, D.B., 1994, Sources and fates of mercury and methylmercury in Wisconsin lakes, in Waltras and Huckabee eds., Mercury as a Global Pollutant: Intergration and Synthesis, Lewis Pub., Chelsea, Ml., p 153-177.

Wentz, D.A., 1994, Chemistry of snowpack and ground water, in Klepinger, K.E., ed., RILWAS 1983-86: Wisconsin Regional Integrated Lake Watershed Acidification Study, Volume 1: Madison, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, PUBL-RS-909-94, Chapter 6, 45 p.

Wentz, D.A., Krohelski, J.T., and Rose, W.J., 1994, Hydrology, in Klepinger, K.E., ed., RILWAS 1983-86: Wisconsin Regional Integrated Lake Watershed Acidification Study, Volume 1: Mad ison, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, PUBL-RS-909-94, Chapter 7, 74 p.

Field, S.J., 1993, Hydrology and water quality of Powers Lake, southeastern Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4126, 36 p.

Field, S.J., 1993, Hydrology and water quality of Wind Lake in southeastern Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4107, 61 p.

House, L.B., 1993, Simulation of the effects of hypothetical residential development on water levels in Graber Pond, Middleton, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4029,10 p.

House, L.B., Waschbusch, R.J., and Hughes, P.E., 1993, Water quality of an urban wet detention pond in Madison, Wisconsin, 1987-88: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-172, 57 p.

Hughes, P.E., 1993, Hydrology, water quality, trophic status, and aquatic plants of Fowler Lake, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4076, 44 p.

132

Rose, W.J., 1993, Hydrology of Little Rock Lake in Vilas County, north-central Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4139, 22 p.

Rose, W.J., 1993, Water and phosphorus budgets and trophic state, Balsam Lake, northwestern Wisconsin, 1987-1989: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4125, 28 p.

Elder, J.F., Krabbenhoft, DP, and Walker, J.F., 1992, Water, energy, and biogeochemical bud gets (WEBB) program: Data availability and research at the northern temperate lakes site, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-48,15 p.

Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Babiarz, C.L., 1992, Role of groundwater transport in aquatic mercury cy cling: Water Resources Research, vol. 28, no. 12, p. 3119-3128.

Krabbenhoft, DP., and Krohelski, J.T., 1992, Data on water quality, lake sediment, and lake-level fluctuation, St. Croix Indian Reservation, Wisconsin, 1981-87: U.S. Geological Survey Open- File Report 92-26, 53 p.

Robertson, D.M., Ragotzkie, R.A., and Magnuson, J.J. 1992, Lake ice records used to detect his torical and future climatic changes: Climatic Change, v. 21, p. 407-427.

Wentz, D.A., and Rose, W.J., 1991, Hydrology of Lakes Clara and Vandercook in North-Central Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 89-4204, 24 p.

Watras, C.J., Andre, A.W., Bloom, N.S., Fitzgerald, W.F., Hurley, J.P., Krabbenhoft, DP., Rada, R.G., Wiener, J.G., 1991, Mercury in temperate lakes: a mechanistic field study: Verhandlun- gen Internal. Verein. Limnologie, 24, p. 2199-2202.

Walker, J.F., Pickard, S.A., and Sonzogni, W.C., 1989 Spreadsheet watershed modeling for non- point-source pollution management in a Wisconsin basin: Water Resources Bulletin, v. 25, no. 1,p. 139-147.

Wentz, D.A., Garrison, P.J., and Bockheim, J.G., 1989, Section 7 Chemical input-output bud gets, in Knauer, D., and Brouwer, S.A., eds., The Wisconsin Regional Integrated Lake-Water shed Acidification Study (RILWAS): 1981-1983: Palo Alto, California, Electric Power Research Institute Report EA-6214, p. 7-1 to 7-30.

Wentz, D.A., and Rose, W.J., 1989, Interrelationships among hydrologic-budget components of a northern Wisconsin seepage lake and implications for acid-deposition modeling: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 18, p. 147-155.

Wentz, D.A., Rose, W.J., and Krohelski, J.T., 1989, Section 5 Hydrologic component, in Knauer, D., and Brouwer, S.A., eds., The Wisconsin Regional Integrated Lake-Watershed Acidification Study (RILWAS): 1981-1983: Palo Alto, California, Electric Power Research Institute Report EA-6214, p. 5-1 to 5-77.

Field, S.J., and Duerk, M.D., 1988, Hydrology and water quality of Delavan Lake in southeastern Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4168, 61 p.

Krug, W.R., Ostenso, N.A., and Krohelski, J.T., 1988, Prediction of the effects of mine dewatering on four lakes near Crandon, Wisconsin, by use of a water-budget model: U.S. Geological Sur vey Open-File Report 87-471, 63 p.

Wentz, D.A., Krohelski, J.T., Rose, W.J., Bockheim, J.G., Garrison, P.J., Knauer, D.R., and Gold- stein, R.A., 1987, Hydrologic and chemical budgets of Wisconsin lakes, in Perrry, R., Harrison, R.M., Bel, J.N.B., and Lester, J.N., eds., Acid Rain: Scientific and Technical Advances, Selper Ltd., London, p. 309-316.

133

House, L.B., 1986, Stage fluctuations of Wisconsin Lakes: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Information Circular No. 49, 84 p.

House, L.B., 1984, Effects of urbanization on three ponds in Middleton, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4051,17 p.

Krug, W.R., and House, L.B., 1984, Evaluation of alternative reservoir-management practices in the Rock River basin, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4186, 21 p.

House, L.B., 1981, An assessment of streamflow, water quality, and the effects of construction on impoundment on Bridge Creek at Augusta, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water- Resources Investigations Open-File Report 81-1192, 25 p.

Krug, W.R., 1981, Hydrologic effects of proposed changes in management practices, Winnebago Pool, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 80-107,19 p.

Batten, W.G., and Hindall, S.M., 1980, Sediment deposition in the White River Reservoir, north western Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2069, 30 p.

Novitzki, R.P., and Holmstrom, B.K., 1979, Monthly and annual water budgets of Lake Wingra, Madison, Wisconsin, 1971-77: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 79-100,31 p.

Rose, W.J., 1977, Hydrologic considerations associated with dredging spring ponds in Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 77-18, 35 p.

Oakes, E.L., Hendrickson, G.E., and Zuehls, E.E., 1975, Hydrology of the Lake Wingra basin, Dane County, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 17-75, 31 p.

Novitzki, R.P., 1971, Hydrologic investigations of Heart Lake, Green Lake County, Wisconsin: U.S. Geological Survey Administrative Report, 9 p.

134

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