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Water Quality Monitoring on Water Quality Monitoring on Pleasant Grove and Curry Creeks:Pleasant Grove and Curry Creeks:

What the data is telling usWhat the data is telling us

Presented by:Presented by:Edmund Sullivan – Placer County Planning Department, Edmund Sullivan – Placer County Planning Department,

David Baker – Dry Creek Conservancy, and David Baker – Dry Creek Conservancy, andChristian Carleton – Foothill AssociatesChristian Carleton – Foothill Associates

22

Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

Introduction Introduction (Edmund Sullivan)(Edmund Sullivan) Monitoring Program Overview Monitoring Program Overview (David Baker)(David Baker) Biological Biological (Christian Carleton)(Christian Carleton)

HabitatHabitat Benthic MacroinvertebratesBenthic Macroinvertebrates

Basic Water Quality Parameters Basic Water Quality Parameters (David Baker)(David Baker) Field TestsField Tests Nutrients & Other Lab ParametersNutrients & Other Lab Parameters

Extended Water Quality Parameters Extended Water Quality Parameters (Christian Carleton)(Christian Carleton) MetalsMetals OrganicsOrganics

What is Next?What is Next? Questions & AnswersQuestions & Answers

33

Purpose of Water Quality Purpose of Water Quality Monitoring ProgramMonitoring Program

Ecosystem Restoration Ecosystem Restoration Plan (ERP)Plan (ERP)

Collect Baseline Collect Baseline Stream DataStream Data

Preliminary Preliminary Watershed Watershed AssessmentAssessment

by Edmund Sullivanby Edmund Sullivan

44

Monitoring Program OverviewMonitoring Program Overview

Selection of Monitoring SitesSelection of Monitoring Sites Steps to a Reliable MonitoringSteps to a Reliable Monitoring Monitoring Equipment IssuesMonitoring Equipment Issues Quality Assurance Program Quality Assurance Program

Plan (QAPP)Plan (QAPP) Field Parameters Field Parameters Lab ParametersLab Parameters

by David Bakerby David Baker

55

Selection of Monitoring SitesSelection of Monitoring Sites

Historical or current land use Historical or current land use (agriculture, municipal, industrial, (agriculture, municipal, industrial, mining, recreational, etc.) with mining, recreational, etc.) with potential WQ impairment?potential WQ impairment?

Is there previous WQ data that could Is there previous WQ data that could be used?be used?

Is access safe?Is access safe? Is permission to cross private Is permission to cross private

property granted?property granted? Is the sample representative of the Is the sample representative of the

water body of interest?water body of interest?

Map of PG/CC Monitoring SitesMap of PG/CC Monitoring Sites

77

Steps to Reliable Steps to Reliable Monitoring DataMonitoring Data Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPP)Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPP) Standard Operating ProceduresStandard Operating Procedures Implement Appropriate Data Management Implement Appropriate Data Management Independent QA/QC ReviewIndependent QA/QC Review Routine Back-Up of All Monitoring Data Routine Back-Up of All Monitoring Data Select/Develop DatabaseSelect/Develop Database

DATAMON (Excel on Steroids)DATAMON (Excel on Steroids) SWAMP Database (Being Adapted for SWAMP Database (Being Adapted for

Watershed Groups)Watershed Groups) Develop Calibration Forms & Field SheetsDevelop Calibration Forms & Field Sheets

88

Quality Assurance Program Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPP)Plan (QAPP) The QAPP is not only about doing a good The QAPP is not only about doing a good

analytical job but also being able to prove itanalytical job but also being able to prove it With a qualified staff, watershed groups With a qualified staff, watershed groups

can produce data on par with professionalscan produce data on par with professionals Provide adequate training for all monitoring Provide adequate training for all monitoring

personnel and have them work under direct personnel and have them work under direct supervision of a qualified technical supervision of a qualified technical specialistspecialist

Specialize work, such as initial equipment Specialize work, such as initial equipment calibrations and data review, are best done calibrations and data review, are best done by the technical staff or trained internsby the technical staff or trained interns

99

Monitoring EquipmentMonitoring Equipment

HydroLab multi-sensor probeHydroLab multi-sensor probe Velocity MeterVelocity Meter GPSGPS CameraCamera Field Data SheetsField Data Sheets Sample Collection BottlesSample Collection Bottles

1010

Monitoring Equipment Issues Monitoring Equipment Issues

Hydro Lab Hydro Lab Probe Purchase Probe Purchase Was Delayed Was Delayed

Used Dry Creek Used Dry Creek Conservancy’s Conservancy’s Meters for Initial Meters for Initial MonitoringMonitoring

New Equipment New Equipment Successful for Successful for Second RoundSecond Round

1111

Laboratory Sample AnalysesLaboratory Sample Analyses

PG/CC Program Recognizes Analytical PG/CC Program Recognizes Analytical QA/QC Requirements Met by State QA/QC Requirements Met by State Laboratory Certification ProcessLaboratory Certification Process

Select Methods with the Appropriate Select Methods with the Appropriate Quantitation Limits for WQ ParametersQuantitation Limits for WQ Parameters

Coordinate with Analytical Laboratory Staff Coordinate with Analytical Laboratory Staff for Timely Processing of Samples for Timely Processing of Samples

Use Laboratory Containers, Chain-of-Use Laboratory Containers, Chain-of-Custody Forms and Sampling InstructionsCustody Forms and Sampling Instructions

1212

Field ParametersField Parameters

pHpH Electrical Conductivity (E.C.)Electrical Conductivity (E.C.) TurbidityTurbidity TemperatureTemperature Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.)Dissolved Oxygen (D.O.)

1313

Laboratory ParametersLaboratory Parameters

Solids (TDS, TSS, Settleable Solids)Solids (TDS, TSS, Settleable Solids) Oil & GreaseOil & Grease Alkalinity (Titration Method)Alkalinity (Titration Method) Nutrients (Nitrates, Nitrites, Ammonia-N & Nutrients (Nitrates, Nitrites, Ammonia-N &

Orthophosphate)Orthophosphate) Total Organic Carbon (TOC)Total Organic Carbon (TOC) Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) Metals, CAM 17 (ICP-MS Method) Metals, CAM 17 (ICP-MS Method) Pesticides (Organophosphorous, Pesticides (Organophosphorous,

Organochlorine & Glyphosate) Organochlorine & Glyphosate) Bacteria (Total Coliform and E. coli) Bacteria (Total Coliform and E. coli)

1414

Sampling MatrixSampling Matrix

Spring Summer Fall 1st Flush Winter Spring*

Habitat

BMI

Field Tests

Basic Lab

Nutrients

Metals Pesticides/ Herbicides

* As funding allows

LAB

OR

ATO

RY

Services

FIEL

D

1515

Biological MonitoringBiological Monitoring

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Benthic Macroinvertebrates (BMI)(BMI)

Habitat AssessmentHabitat Assessment

by Christian Carletonby Christian Carleton

1616

Benthic Macroinvertebrates Benthic Macroinvertebrates (Aquatic Insects & Other Critters)(Aquatic Insects & Other Critters) Surveyed upper and lower sections of Surveyed upper and lower sections of

PG/CC Watershed and selected sites PG/CC Watershed and selected sites to best reflect typical conditions to best reflect typical conditions throughout watershed throughout watershed

Access to private property Access to private property problematic and finding suitable problematic and finding suitable reaches with riffles difficultreaches with riffles difficult

Timing of initial BMI sampling not Timing of initial BMI sampling not quite optimal and previous selected quite optimal and previous selected sites in the lower watershed were dry sites in the lower watershed were dry

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Benthic Macroinvertebrates Benthic Macroinvertebrates Continued…Continued…

Standard CA Stream Bioassessment Standard CA Stream Bioassessment Procedure (CSBP) not really Procedure (CSBP) not really applicable to low gradient streamsapplicable to low gradient streams

Our expert, Wayne Fields, helped Our expert, Wayne Fields, helped adapt the current State sampling adapt the current State sampling methodmethod

Planning an optimal BMI sampling in Planning an optimal BMI sampling in early springearly spring

Some interesting critters foundSome interesting critters found Review of preliminary data?Review of preliminary data?

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Preliminary BMI ResultsPreliminary BMI Results

SiteSite DiversityDiversity AbundanceAbundance

PG-1PG-1 OKOK ModerateModerate

PG-2PG-2 ModerateModerate ModerateModerate

K-1K-1 PoorPoor HighHigh

C-1C-1 ModerateModerate LowLow

Freshwater ClamFreshwater Clam

2020

Habitat AssessmentHabitat Assessment

Part of the CSBPPart of the CSBP Method for placing a numerical Method for placing a numerical

value on stream habitat qualityvalue on stream habitat quality Qualitative assessment of 10 Qualitative assessment of 10

different stream habitat different stream habitat parametersparameters

Completed by committeeCompleted by committee

Habitat DataHabitat Data

Dat

e

Site

ID

Epi

faun

al S

ubst

rate

/

Ava

liavl

e C

over

Em

bedd

edne

ssV

eloc

ity/D

epth

Reg

ime

Sed

imen

t Dep

ositi

onC

hann

el F

low

Sta

tus

Cha

nnel

Alte

ratio

nFr

eque

ncy

of R

iffle

s

(or

Ben

ds)

Ban

k S

tabi

lity

(LB

)B

ank

Sta

bilit

y (R

B)

Veg

etat

ive

Pro

tect

ion

(LB

)

Veg

etat

ive

Pro

tect

ion

(RB

)

Rip

aria

n V

eget

ativ

e

Zone

Wid

th (L

B)

Rip

aria

n V

eget

ativ

e

Zone

Wid

th (R

B)

Tota

l

Per

cent

age

Max. 9 11 2 17 12 20 3 9 7 8 8 6 6 95 48%

Min. 2 0 1 12 6 0 0 3 2 0 0 1 1 37 19%Avg. 5.8 3.5 1.5 15.3 9.0 13.3 1.5 6.3 4.5 2.5 2.8 3.0 2.3 71.0 36%

4/28/2004 PG-1 4 11 2 16 10 20 2 5 3 1 1 1 1 77 39%

4/29/2004 PG-2 9 2 1 16 12 13 0 8 6 1 2 4 1 75 38%

4/29/2004 K-1 8 0 2 12 6 20 3 9 7 8 8 6 6 95 48%4/28/2004 C-1 2 1 1 17 8 0 1 3 2 0 0 1 1 37 19%

2222

Basic Physical Water Quality Basic Physical Water Quality ParametersParameters

Field TestField Test NutrientsNutrients BacteriaBacteria OthersOthers

by David Bakerby David Baker

2323

Field TestsField Tests

Basic physical and water quality Basic physical and water quality parameters that can be easily parameters that can be easily measured with field instrumentsmeasured with field instruments

TemperatureTemperature pHpH DODO %DO%DO Specific ConductanceSpecific Conductance

TDSTDS TurbidityTurbidity VelocityVelocity DepthDepth

Field DataField DatapH

5.005.50

6.006.50

7.007.50

8.008.50

PG-1 PG-2 PG-3 PG-5 K-1 C-1

Site

pH

Un

its

Temperature

17.0

18.0

19.0

20.0

21.0

22.0

23.0

PG-1 PG-2 PG-3 PG-5 K-1 C-1

Site

°C

Specific Conductance

0100

200300

400500

600700

PG-1 PG-2 PG-3 PG-5 K-1 C-1

Site

m s/c

m @

25°

C

Turbidity

0

50

100

150

200

PG-1 PG-2 PG-3 PG-5 K-1 C-1

Site

NT

U

2525

Nutrients & Other Basic Nutrients & Other Basic ParametersParameters Nutrients used by 1° producers Nutrients used by 1° producers

(aquatic plants and algae)(aquatic plants and algae) Excess nutrients cause Excess nutrients cause

eutrophicationeutrophication Biochemical Oxygen Demand Biochemical Oxygen Demand

(BOD) is a measure of the (BOD) is a measure of the biologically available organic biologically available organic mattermatter

Coliform (bacteria) present in the Coliform (bacteria) present in the waterwater

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Some Laboratory ResultsSome Laboratory Results4/30/04 Ammonia BOD TDS Total Coliform TSS

PG1 0.37 <5.0 380 490 3.0PG3 0.30 <5.0 110 790 41PG5 0.35 <5.0 250 230 50K1 0.35 <5.0 140 3500 2.0C1 0.54 5.5 380 78 210

7/30/04 Ammonia BOD TDS Total Coliform TSS

PG1 <0.03 <5.0 360 N/A 7.0PG3 <0.03 <5.0 310 N/A 4.0PG5 <0.03 <5.0 120 N/A 42K1 <0.03 <5.0 120 N/A 5.0C1 <0.03 <5.0 330 N/A 120

Nitrate, Nitrite, Phosphate, Settleable Nitrate, Nitrite, Phosphate, Settleable Solids and Solids and E.E. colicoli were below detection were below detection limits in all samples analyzed to datelimits in all samples analyzed to date

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Extended Water Quality Extended Water Quality ParametersParameters

MetalsMetals

Organics Organics (Herbicides & Pesticides)(Herbicides & Pesticides)

by Christian Carletonby Christian Carleton

2828

MetalsMetals

Used in various industrial Used in various industrial processesprocesses

Present in some chemicals Present in some chemicals used as herbicides and used as herbicides and pesticidespesticides

Will bioaccumulateWill bioaccumulate Can be toxic at low levels to Can be toxic at low levels to

certain organisms and people certain organisms and people (e.g. mercury)(e.g. mercury)

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Metals ResultsMetals Results

Parameter PG1 PG3 PG5 Drinking Water Standard

Antimony ND ND NDArsenic ND ND NDBarium 140 71 110Beryllium ND ND NDCadmium ND ND NDChromium ND ND NDCobalt ND 0.86 0.50Copper 3.1 4.2 2.4Lead ND 1.5 NDMercury ND ND NDMolybdenum 0.98 0.70 1.0Nickel ND ND NDSelenium ND ND NDSilver ND ND NDThallium ND ND NDVanadium 1.9 3.7 3.2Zinc ND ND ND

*units in ug/L

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Organics (Pesticides & Organics (Pesticides & Herbicides)Herbicides)

Contain an organic chain Contain an organic chain within the moleculewithin the molecule

Will adsorb to detritus (benthic Will adsorb to detritus (benthic organic matter)organic matter)

Organochlorine HerbicidesOrganochlorine Herbicides Organophosphate PesticidesOrganophosphate Pesticides PesticidesPesticides Glyphosate (“Glyphosate (“Round-Up”Round-Up”))

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What is Next?What is Next?

Sampling in the Fall, First Sampling in the Fall, First Flush, WinterFlush, Winter

BMI in SpringBMI in Spring Possible Sampling in SpringPossible Sampling in Spring

Will be reviewing data and Will be reviewing data and update monitoring plan as update monitoring plan as needed needed

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Questions & AnswersQuestions & Answers

www.placer.ca.govwww.placer.ca.gov www.foothill.comwww.foothill.com www.drycreekconservancy.orgwww.drycreekconservancy.org