Water Resources Engineering II

Irrigation Project Surveying

When a new irrigation project is to be taken up, the following points may be considered:

(1) Preliminary Survey or Reconnaissance Survey:

It is preliminary site visit of the proposed area to note down various preliminary points and quick check up whether the irrigation project is feasible or not ?

(2) Availability of Irrigation Water: (a) Whether any perennial river is available near the

command area or not ? (b) If an inundation river is available, the maximum

discharge of that river is to be determined from the highest flood level mark.

(c) From various investigations, it is necessary to ascertain whether the river will be able to meet the total water requirement or not ?

(3) Selection of Probable Site for Barrage or Dam

(a) The course of the river should be straight for a distance of about 1 km both on the upstream and downstream side of the site.

(b) The width of the river should be minimum and the section of the river should be well defined.

(c) A suitable basin should be available for the storage reservoir.

(d) The elevation of the site should be higher than that of culturable command area.

(e) The storage reservoir should not submerge much valuable land

(f) The capacity of the reservoir should fulfill the total water requirement.

(4) Discharge Observation of the River

(5) Marking of Gross Command Area and Culturable Area

When it is decided to take up the project, gross command area and culturable areas should be marked on the map.

(6) Deciding the Alignment of the Canals

(a) The alignment of the main canal should be taken such a way so that unnecessary cutting and banking is avoided.

(b) The alignment of the main canal should be such that the branch canals can be taken suitably to cover the whole culturable area.

(c) The alignment should cross the rivers, roads, railway lines perpendicularly as much as possible.

(d) The alignment should not be taken through the valuable agricultural land.

(e) The alignment should not pass through the thickly populated areas, religious places and burial grounds.

(7) Final Survey

(8) Preparation of Drawing

(9) Office Works

(10) Final Location Survey

(a) The centre line of the main and branch canals are marked with concrete pillars with an interval of 30 m or 50 m

(b) The total land width required for the main and branch canal should be marked with pillars at suitable intervals.

IRRIGATION PROJECT REPORT

Important Irrigation Projects of India

(1) Bhakra Nangal Project(2) Damodar Valley Project(3) Farraka Barrage Project(4) Gandak Project(5) Godavari Barrage Project(6) Hirakud Project(7) Mahanadi Delta Project(8) Mayurakshi Project(9) Kansabati Project(10) Kosi Project(11) Tungavadra Project(12) Ukai Project