water resources of fremont county, wyoming · water resources of fremont county, wyoming by maria...
TRANSCRIPT
WATER RESOURCES OFFREMONT COUNTY,
WYOMING
106° 105° 104°
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEYWater-Resources Investigations Report 95-4095
Prepared in cooperation with the WYOMING STATE ENGINEER
WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY, WYOMING
By Maria Plafcan, Cheryl A. Eddy-Miller, George F. Ritz, and John P.R. Holland II
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4095
Prepared in cooperation with the WYOMING STATE ENGINEER
Cheyenne, Wyoming 1995
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GORDON P. EATON, Director
For additional information write to:
District Chief U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Division 2617 E. Lincolnway, Suite B Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001-5662
Copies of this report can be purchased from:
U.S. Geological SurveyEarth Science Information CenterOpen-File Reports SectionBox 25286, Denver Federal CenterDenver, Colorado 80225
CONTENTS
Page
Abstract................................................................................................................................................................................. 1Introduction........................................................................................._^ 2
Purpose and scope....................................................................................................................................................... 4Climate........................................................................................................................................................................ 4Generalized geologic history ...................................................................................................................................... 4Water-right administration
By Richard G. Stockdale. Wyoming State Engineer's Office........................................................................... 7Acknowledgments..............................................................................................._^ 8
Streamflow............................................................................................................................................................................ 8Streamflow data........................................................................................................................................................... 8Streamflow characteristics.......................................................................................................................................... 9
Average annual runoff....................................................................................................................................... 28Flow duration.................................................................................................................................................... 29Low flow........................................................................................................................................................... 29High flow........................................................................................................................................................... 32
Ground water......................................................................................................................................................................... 32Ground-water data....................................................................................................................................................... 33Relation of ground water to geology........................................................................................................................... 33
Quaternary deposits........................................................................................................................................... 35Tertiary rocks.................................................................................................................................................... 36Mesozoic rocks................................................................................................................................................. 37Paleozoic rocks................................................................................................................................................. 38Precambrian rocks............................................................................................................................................. 38
Recharge, movement, and discharge........................................................................................................................... 39Water-level changes.................................................................................................................................................... 40
Water use............................................................................................................................................................................... 44Water quality......................................................................................................................................................................... 46
Quality assurance and control..................................................................................................................................... 50Quality assurance.............................................................................................................................................. 50Quality control.................................................................................................................................................. 52
Streamflow quality...................................................................................................................................................... 52Ground-water quality.................................................................................................................................................. 53
Quaternary deposits........................................................................................................................................... 56Tertiary rocks.................................................................................................................................................... 57Mesozoic rocks................................................................................................................................................. 79Paleozoic rocks................................................................................................................................................. 87Precambrian rocks............................................................................................................................................. 96
Summary and conclusions .................................................................................................................................................... 96References...................................................................................................................................................^ 98Glossary................................................................................................................................................................................ 101Supplemental data..........................................................................._ 103
PLATES [plates are in pocket]
1. Geologic map of Fremont County, Wyoming2. Map showing locations of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming3. Map showing locations of selected streamflow-gaging stations and miscellaneous Streamflow sites in
Fremont County, Wyoming
CONTENTS III
FIGURES
Page
1. Map showing location of Fremont County and the Wind River structural basin in Wyoming............................ 32. Graph showing mean monthly air temperatures at Dubois and Sand Draw, Wyoming....................................... 53. Map showing mean annual precipitation, 1951-80, in Fremont County, Wyoming............................................ 64. Sketch showing procedure for collection of streamflow data at a gaging station................................................ 105. Hydrographs of daily mean discharge for an ephemeral stream, a perennial stream, and a perennial
stream affected by glaciers for water year 1953.............................................................................................. 276. Graph showing flow-duration curve of daily mean discharge for site 106, Badwater Creek at
Bonneville; site 1, Wind River near Dubois; and site 18, Bull Lake Creek above Bull Lake, Fremont County, Wyoming............................................................................................................................. 30
7. Federal township-range system for numbering wells and springs....................................................................... 348.-10. Graphs showing:
8. Intermittent (1951-72) and minimum daily (1973-87) water levels in well !N-4E-33ddb01,which is completed in the Wind River Formation and is located near Riverton, Wyoming ................. 41
9. Minimum daily (1981-86) water levels in well !N-4E-33ddb01............................................................... 4210. Minimum daily water levels in well !N-4E-33ddb01................................................................................ 43
11. Box plots showing distribution of dissolved-solids concentrations in water samples from wellscompleted in and springs issuing from selected geologic units in Fremont County, Wyoming ..................... 76
12. Diagram showing major cations and anions in selected water samples from wells completed in andsprings issuing from selected water-bearing units in Fremont County, Wyoming.......................................... 77
13.-17. Maps showing location of water-quality sampling sites in Fremont County, Wyoming, for selected wells completed in and springs issuing from:
13. Quaternary alluvium and colluvium, and terrace deposits......................................................................... 7814. Miocene rocks, White River Formation, and Wagon Bed Formation........................................................ 9215. Wind River Formation................................................................................................................................ 9316. Cody Shale and Frontier, Cloverly, and Chugwater Formations................................................................ 9417. Phosphoria Formation and related rocks, Tensleep Sandstone, Madison Limestone, and
Precambrian rocks...................................................................................................................................... 95
TABLES
1. Selected surface-water stations in Fremont County, Wyoming ........................................................................... 112. Streamflow characteristics at selected streamflow-gaging stations in Fremont County, Wyoming..................... 183. Miscellaneous surface-water sites in Fremont County, Wyoming....................................................................... 224. Seven-day low-flow discharges for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Fremont County, Wyoming........... 315. Estimated water use in 1990 in Fremont County, Wyoming................................................................................ 456. Source or cause and significance of dissolved-mineral constituents and physical properties of water............... 477. Wyoming ground-water quality standards for domestic, agricultural, and livestock use.................................... 508. Selected maximum and secondary maximum contaminant levels for public drinking-water supplies............... 519. Chemical analyses and physical properties of water samples collected at selected streamflow sites
of the Sweetwater River and its tributaries, Fremont County, Wyoming........................................................ 5410. Concentrations of selected trace elements of water samples collected at selected streamflow sites
of the Sweetwater River and its tributaries, Fremont County, Wyoming........................................................ 5611. Chemical analyses and physical properties of water samples collected from selected wells and
springs in Fremont County, Wyoming............................................................................................................. 5812. Concentrations of selected trace elements of water samples collected from selected wells and
springs in Fremont County, Wyoming............................................................................................................. 8013. Concentrations of selected radiochemical species in water samples from selected streamflow sites,
wells, and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming ........................................................................................... 8614. Concentrations of selected pesticides in water samples from selected wells and springs in Fremont
County, Wyoming............................................................................................................................................ 8815. Lithologic and water-yielding characteristics of geologic units in Fremont County, Wyoming ......................... 10416. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming................................................................. 120
IV
CONVERSION FACTORS, VERTICAL DATUM, AND ABBREVIATIONS
Multiply __________Bv _____To obtain
acre 4,047 square meteracre 0.4047 hectare
acre-foot (acre-ft) 1,233 cubic meteracre-foot (acre-ft) 0.001233 cubic hectometer
cubic foot per second (ft3/s) 0.02832 cubic meter per secondcubic foot per second per square 0.01093 cubic meter per second per
mile [(ftVsXmi2] square kilometercubic yard (yd3) 0.7646 cubic meter
foot (ft) 0.3048 metergallon 0.003785 cubic meter
gallon per minute (gal/min) 0.06309 liter per secondgallon per day (gal/d) 0.00263 liter per minute
inch (in.) 25.4 millimeter (mm)inch per year (in/yr) 25.4 millimeter per year
mile (mi) 1.609 kilometermillion gallons (Mgal) 3,785 cubic meter
million gallons per day (Mgal/d) 0.04381 cubic meter per secondsquare mile (mi2) 2.59 square kilometer
_______________ton (short)______________907.2_____________kilogram_______________
Temperature can be converted to degrees Fahrenheit (°F) or degrees Celsius (°C) as follows:
°F = 9/5(°C) + 32
°C = 5/9 (°F - 32)
Sea level: In this report, "sea level" refers to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929~a geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of the United States and Canada, formerly called Sea Level Datum of 1929.
Abbreviated water-quality units used in this report:
mg/L milligram per literpCi/L picocurie per literug/g microgram per gramug/kg microgram per kilogramH-g/L microgram per literum micrometerpS/cm microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius
Abbreviations used in this report:
EPA U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyMCL maximum contaminant levelNWQL National Water Quality Laboratory of U.S. Geological SurveyPCB polychlorinated biphenylPCN polychlorinated napthaleneQA/QC quality assurance/quality controlSMCL secondary maximum contaminant levelUSGS U.S. Geological Survey
CONTENTS
WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY,WYOMING
By Maria Plafcan, Cheryl A. Eddy-Miller, George F. Ritz, and John P. R. Holland II
ABSTRACT
Surface-water, ground-water, and water-quality data were compiled to describe and evaluate the water resources of Fremont County, Wyoming. These data are needed to plan for and manage the increased demands for water in the County. The study was conducted in cooperation with the Wyoming State Engineer.
The average annual runoff varied for two of three regions that occur in the county. Average annual runoff ranged from 0.90 to 22 inches per year in the Mountainous Region and from 0.06 to 0.72 inch per year in the Plains Region. Available streamflow data are insufficient for computing average annual runoff in the High Desert Region.
The Wind River Formation of Tertiary age has the most well development records of 157 inventoried wells were included in this report. The Wind River Formation is the most areally extensive water-bearing unit that occurs at land surface. The second most commonly developed geologic unit is the Quaternary alluvium and colluvium (49 wells). Wells and springs that were inventoried during this study that had large measured discharge (more than 300 gallons per minute) were the Arikaree Formation of Tertiary age, the Phosphoria Formation and related rocks of Permian age, the Tensleep Sandstone of Permian and Pennsylvanian age, the Madison Limestone of Mississippian age, and the Bighorn Dolomite of Ordovician age.
Geologic units in Fremont County are recharged by one or a combination of the following sources: (1) infiltration of precipitation at the outcrop area, (2) infiltration of surface water, (3) infiltration of irrigation water, and (4) leakage from another geologic unit. In the Sweetwater Basin, the general direction of ground-water movement in the Arikaree aquifer is toward the Sweetwater River. In the Wind River Basin the general direction of ground-water movement in various water-bearing units is toward the Wind River. Ground water is discharged through pumped wells and is naturally discharged by springs and seeps, by evapotranspiration, and by discharge to streams, lakes, drains, and other geologic units.
Prior to 1981, Riverton's municipal water supply was entirely from ground water. Water levels in the well field typically were deepest in August when demand for water was greatest. Since 1981, ground water is pumped only to supplement the surface-water treatment plant. Consequently, the water levels now are deepest in the winter and spring (January through May). Water levels in the Wind River Formation near the Riverton municipal well field also appeared to recover in 1983-85 after the plant began operating in 1981.
Surface water supplies about 99 percent (592 million gallons per day in 1990) of the total offstream use in Fremont County. Irrigation is the largest offstream use of surface water. The largest use of ground water is for public supply. Total ground-water use in 1990 was 5.9 million gallons per day.
ABSTRACT 1
Twenty-five water-quality samples were collected from the Sweetwater River and its tributaries during September 16-23, 1991. The sample from the site closest to the headwaters had a dissolved- solids concentration of 42 milligrams per liter. The sample from the site farthest downstream, near the county border, had the largest dissolved-solids concentration, 271 milligrams per liter.
Dissolved-solids concentrations varied greatly for water samples collected from the 34 geologic units inventoried. Dissolved-solids concentrations in all water samples from the Cody Shale of Cretaceous age were 2 to 14 times greater than the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level of 500 milligrams per liter established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. All water samples collected from Miocene rocks and the White River Formation of Tertiary age had dissolved-solids concentrations less than the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level.
INTRODUCTION
Fremont County, in west-central Wyoming (fig. 1), was created in 1884. The original county boundary included territory that was later (1890) subdivided into Park, Big Horn, and Hot Springs Counties. The county was named for General John Charles Fremont, who was a surveyor and an explorer. Also called "The Pathfinder," Fremont searched for a route to the Pacific Ocean in 1842 with a company of 20 men (Urbanek, 1988, p. 76). Kit Carson guided Fremont to the top of what he thought was the highest peak in the Wind River Range. However, Henry Gannett, a member of the Hayden surveys, had climbed an even higher peak (Dobler, 1984, p. 13). Fremont wrote detailed descriptions of the peak he climbed and of its snowfields, which have led others to believe that he probably climbed Mount Woodrow Wilson (Urbanek, 1988, p. 77), which is located about 1.25 mi south of Gannett Peak in Sublette County.
The county has an area of about 9,394 mi2, which makes it the second largest of the 23 counties in Wyoming. About 50 mi2 is covered by water. Fifty-one percent of the county is owned by the Federal government and is managed by the U.S. Forest Service (Department of Agriculture) and the Bureau of Land Management (U.S. Department of the Interior). About 33 percent of the land in the county is the Wind River Indian Reservation, and the remainder of the county is State or privately owned (Wyoming Department of Administration and Fiscal Control, 1991, p. 235).
About 48 percent of the 33,662 residents in the county live in Riverton and Lander, the county seat (Wyoming Department of Administration and Fiscal Control, 1991, p. 235). The rest of the population live in small towns (mostly along the front of the Wind River Range), in the Wind River Indian Reservation, or in rural areas of the county. Urbanek (1988, p. 224) estimated that about 3,500 Arapahoe and Shoshone Indians live on the reservation.
Fremont County has many geographical features. The highest peak in the county, Gannett Peak, also is the highest peak in the State at an altitude of 13,802 ft. The lowest altitude in the county (about 4,600 ft) is located below Boysen Reservoir in the Wind River Canyon near the Fremont Hot Springs County line. The Wind River Canyon, which extends north into Hot Springs County, divides the Owl Creek and Bridger Mountains and is about 11 mi long. The Wind River is dammed at the south end of the canyon, forming Boysen Reservoir. The dam was first built in 1903. This dam was intentionally destroyed and rebuilt in 1948 about 1.5 miles above the old dam (Urbanek, 1988, p. 23). Ice, used for a variety of purposes by the pioneers, was obtained from Ice Slough (Urbanek, 1988, p. 101), a tributary of the Sweetwater River that flows north between Sweetwater Station and Jeffrey City. The geographical center of Wyoming is 58 mi northeast of Lander (Urbanek, 1988, p. 80). The "Sinks" in Sinks Canyon State Park (pi. 2 and 3) southwest of Lander is a large cavern that captures the flow of the Middle Popo Agie River. The river rises again about one-half mile down the canyon (Hill and others, 1976, p. 129, map sheet 2).
2 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
INTRODUCTION 3
To obtain the kinds of information that are needed to plan for and manage the increased demands for water in Fremont County, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Wyoming State Engineer, conducted a study during 1990-92 to describe and evaluate the water resources of the county. Additional hydrologic data were collected as part of the study where such data were lacking or considered inadequate and where water quality was a concern.
Purpose and Scope
This report describes the water resources of Fremont County. The information is presented for possible use in future management of the resources, including the planning and designing of new water supplies and related economic development. Streamflow is described first, but the emphasis of this report is ground water. Sections in this report that describe ground water include: Relation of Ground Water to Geology; Recharge, Movement, and Discharge; Water-Level Changes; Water Use; and Ground-Water Quality.
Data type and availability are described for both streamflow and ground water. Additional Streamflow and ground-water sites were inventoried during this study (1990-92) to improve data coverage in the county. During 1991, discharge was measured and water-quality samples were collected at 25 streamflow sites on the Sweetwater River and its tributaries. During 1990-92, a total of 90 wells and 55 springs were inventoried and water-quality samples were collected at selected sites and analyzed for major ions and trace elements.
Climate
Temperature and precipitation in the county are varied and related to altitude. Mean monthly air temperature for all months (fig. 2) is cooler at Dubois (altitude 6,917 ft) than at Sand Draw (altitude 5,960 ft). Temperature also varies as a result of changing seasons, as well as vertical temperature inversions and move ment of air masses. The mean monthly air temperature at Dubois ranges from 21.9°F in January to 60.5°F in July. The mean monthly temperature in January is similar for Sand Draw (22.9°F) and Dubois; however, the mean monthly temperature in July (70.5°F) for Sand Draw is 10°F warmer. For the period 1951-80, mean annual precipitation ranged from about 8 in. (fig. 3) in the Wind River Basin around Riverton and Boysen Reservoir to about 60 in. around Gannett Peak in the Wind River Range. The annual average precipitation for the county is 13.6 in. (Wyoming Department of Administration and Fiscal Control, 1991, p. 235). All temperature and precipitation data that are cited here are from Mariner (1986, p. 328,400, and fig. 6.1), except as noted otherwise.
Generalized Geologic History
Several extensive articles written about the geology of the Wind River Basin describe the lithology and stratigraphy of geologic units in the basin and describe the depositional history and structural features of the basin. A comprehensive bibliography of the geology of the Wind River Basin was compiled by Stoffer (1984). The purpose of this section is to briefly describe the basin, its boundaries, and its geologic history.
Most of the Wind River Basin, a structural and depositional basin that formed during the Laramide orogeny (Late Cretaceous through Paleocene age occurs within Fremont County). The Wind River Basin is an asymmetric basin that is bordered on the north by the Absaroka Range and Owl Creek and Bridger Mountains, on the west and southwest by the Wind River Range, on the south by the Granite Mountains, and on the east by the Casper Arch (a structural upwarp located east of the Fremont County line in Natrona County). The center part of the basin is filled with sediments "...that accumulated during the major phases of tectonism in Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary times" (Keefer, 1970, p. D2). However, the sediments are thickest (about 28,000 ft, Stoffer, 1984, p. 1) "where adjacent uplifts have been thrust-faulted over the basin (margins) during
4 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Nov Dec
Figure 2. Mean monthly air temperatures at Dubois and Sand Draw, Wyoming (source of data: Mariner, 1986, p. 328 and 400).
the Laramide orogeny." The north and east margins of the basin are the deepest part of the basin (Lageson and Spearing, 1988, p. 122). Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks appear like bands around the west edge of the basin and in anticlines north of Beaver Divide and on the south flank of the Owl Creek Mountains. Precambrian rocks form the core of the Wind River Range and the Bridger, Granite, and Owl Creek Mountains.
The oldest rocks exposed in the county are igneous and metamorphic rocks of Precambrian age (pi. 1) and include granite, metasedimentary, metavolcanic, and intrusive rocks (Love and Christiansen, 1985, sheet 2). Mafic dikes occur locally. During the Precambrian, a period of "...sedimentation, plutonism, metamorphism, and deformation..." was followed by a period of extensive erosion that reduced the area "...to a broad nearly level, plain..." (Keefer, 1970, p. D8).
In addition to Precambrian units, geologic units in the county range in age from Cambrian to Ordovician and Devonian to Quaternary. The geologic features from Cambrian time to the present were formed by alternating periods of deposition and erosion, along with periods of thrusting, uplifting, and downwarping. Periods of deposition usually were associated with inundation by the sea. As the sea transgressed inland, sand, mud, and limy mud that eventually formed sandstone, shale, and limestone was deposited. As the sea regressed, the sequence was reversed. The Flathead Sandstone, the Gros Ventre Formation, and the Gallatin Limestone are examples of formations deposited during Cambrian time by a transgressive sea. The sea continued to advance and withdraw throughout the Paleozoic and throughout most of the Mesozoic. The sequence of events and the geologic units deposited during this time is described by Keefer (1965b).
INTRODUCTION 5
O) I m 3)
3) m m
(/> O n n
3)
m O
O
109°
15'
16-
EX
PL
AN
AT
ION
LIN
E O
F E
QU
AL
ME
AN
AN
NU
AL
PR
EC
IPIT
AT
ION
-lnte
rval
, in
in
ches
, is
var
iabl
e
43°1
5'
R. 1
10 W
. 10
9 10
8
RIV
ER
TO
N
RE
CLA
MA
TIO
N
WIT
HD
RA
WA
L A
FJE
A'
R. 1
02 W
. 10
1 10
0 99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
R.
90
W.
Base
fro
m U
.S.
Geo
logi
cal
Surv
ey
«-1:
500,
000
Wyo
min
g St
ate
base
map
, \
'19
80
) 4
T. 2
7 N.
10
20
30 K
ILO
MET
ERS
Figu
re 3
. M
ean
annu
al p
reci
pita
tion,
19
51-8
0,
in
Frem
ont
Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g (m
odifi
ed f
rom
Mar
iner
, 19
86,
figur
e 6.
1).
Periods of uplifting usually are followed by periods of erosion. Probably the most areally extensive period of erosion occurred during the Silurian. "...There is no positive evidence that Silurian rocks ever were deposited in the region..." (Keefer, 1965b, p. 1880). The state stratigraphic nomenclature chart (Love and others, 1992, plate 1) does not show any stratigraphic units from the Silurian for the Wind River Basin. Uplifting of the mountains surrounding the Wind River Basin and downwarping of the basin began in the Late Cretaceous. Sediments from the surrounding mountains were eroded, deposited, and "...preserved in more than 18,000 ft of fluviatile and lacustrine sediments of the Lance, Fort Union, Indian Meadows, and Wind River Formations (Keefer, 1965a, p. A55-A58 cited in Keefer, 1970, p. D9).
Volcanic material was deposited in the Absaroka Range during the middle and late Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, and Pliocene. The absaroka Volcanic Supergroup comprises four Eocene geologic units: the Aycross, the Tepee Trail, the Two Ocean and Langford, and the Wiggins Formations. These units are composed mostly of tuff and conglomerate material (Keefer, 1965b, p. 1889; 1970, p. D9).
Maximum fill of the basin probably occurred by the Pliocene. "Then, perhaps in middle or late Pliocene time, the entire region, mountains and basins alike, was uplifted 3,000-4,000 ft..«" A period of erosion that followed the uplift has continued through the Quaternary and still continues (Keefer, 1965b, p. 1891; 1970, p. D9).
Water-Right Administration
By Richard G. Stockdale, Wyoming State Engineer's Office
According to article 8, section 1 of the Wyoming State constitution, "The water of all natural streams, springs, lakes or other collections of still water, within the boundaries of the state, are hereby declared to be property of the state." Anyone desiring to use water beneficially in Wyoming must apply for and obtain an approved permit from the State Engineer to appropriate water prior to initiating construction of water-diversion structures, such as dams, headgates, spring boxes, and wells. Once a permit to appropriate water has been obtained from the State Engineer, the permittee may proceed with construction of the water-diversion works and with beneficial use of the diverted water for the purposes specified in the permit. Such diversion and beneficial use need to be made in accordance with statutory provisions. After the permittee has beneficially used the diverted water for all of the permitted uses at all of the permitted points or areas of use, proof of beneficial use is filed, and the water right is adjudicated (finalized). The adjudication process fixes the location of the water- diversion structure, the use, the quantity, and the points or areas of use for the water right.
Wyoming water rights are administered using the Doctrine of Prior Appropriation, commonly referred to as the "First in time, first in right" system. Article 8, section 3 of the Wyoming constitution states: "Priority of appropriation for beneficial uses shall give the better right." The priority date of an appropriation is established as the date when the application for permit to appropriate water is received in the State Engineer's Office.
Water-right administration is conducted by the State Engineer and the Water Division superintendents. Article 8, section 5 of the Wyoming constitution provides for the appointment of a State Engineer, and section 4 provides for the creation of four Water Divisions in the State and the appointment of a superintendent in each division. The State Engineer is Wyoming's chief water-administration official and has general supervision of all waters of the State. The superintendents, along with their staff of hydrographers and water commissioners, are responsible for the local administration of water rights and the collection of hydrologic data in their respective divisions.
INTRODUCTION 7
Deviations from the standard water-right administrative system of "First in time, first in right" might exist. Such deviations might be caused by conditions in compacts, court decrees, and treaties or through the creation of special water-management districts. Virtually every stream exiting the State is subject to a compact, court decree, or treaty that dictates to some degree how the appropriations on that specific stream are administered. Although the interstate nature of ground water and the interconnection of ground water with streams are recognized, the development of interstate agreements on use of water from aquifers is still in its infancy. The reason that few ground-water compacts exist is twofold. First, there is a lack of sound technical data on which to base appropriate administrative allocations of ground water between adjoining States, and second, competition between Wyoming and adjoining States is insufficient to require binding interstate agreements or allocations of ground-water resources.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the generous assistance of the ranchers and landowners in the county who provided access to their property, wells, and springs.
STREAMFLOW
Fremont County has three major drainage basins: the Missouri, the Upper Colorado, and the Snake Rivers (Druse and others, 1994, p. 2). Nearly all of the streamflow in the county drains through the Missouri River Basin. Streamflow from a small area of extreme southern Fremont County drains through the Upper Colorado River Basin, and streamflow from a small area of extreme northwestern Fremont County drains through the Snake River Basin. Within Fremont County, the Wind, the Popo Agie, and the Sweetwater Rivers are the principal streams that drain the Missouri Basin. Beaver Divide (fig. 1; pi. 3) separates the Wind and Popo Agie Rivers from the Sweetwater River. Streams north of Beaver Divide flow into the Wind River, whereas streams south of the Divide flow into the Sweetwater River.
The drainage area of the Wind River Basin is topographically and geologically diverse (Colby and others, 1956, p. 9-27). Streams that drain the northern side of the Wind River Range originate high in the mountains, where the geology is primarily Precambrian granitic rocks, and flow over Paleozoic limestone, and Mesozoic and Cenozoic siltstone, shale, and sandstone. Streams that drain the southern flanks of the Absaroka Range flow over Tertiary volcanic rocks. The northeast quarter of Fremont County is drained principally by Badwater and Poison Creeks. Badwater Creek drains the southern slopes of the Bridger Mountains. Tributaries originate in the Bridger Mountains primarily in Precambrian granitic rocks. The main stem of Badwater Creek flows over Tertiary siltstone, shale, and sandstone. Poison Creek originates within the Wind River Basin east of Shoshoni and flows over Tertiary siltstone, shale, and sandstone.
Streamflow Data
Streamflow data commonly are needed when planning, designing, or managing water uses and developments associated with streams. To obtain these data, streamflow-gaging or sampling stations are installed and operated on the principal streams. At these stations, data are collected continuously or periodically. Streamflow-gaging and sampling stations are operated for a variety of purposes in the county, but a purpose is for planning and managing irrigation-water supplies.
8 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Streamflow data generally are collected at continuous-record gaging stations, where water-level sensing equipment and a recorder are housed in a streamside shelter. Using discharge measurements of the Streamflow, hydrographers develop a relation known as a rating between stage (water level) and measured discharge at the gaging station (fig. 4). This rating is used with the continuous record of stage from the gaging-station recorder to develop a continuous record of stream discharge. This record can be compiled to express average daily, monthly, or yearly rates or volumes of discharge. Instantaneous peak flows and total runoff for a particular period also can be determined from the records. The locations of 128 streamflow-gaging stations where substantial amounts of data have been collected for Streamflow and water quality in the county are shown on plate 3, and specific information concerning these stations is listed in table 1. Records for some stations listed in this table may have been published previously using a slightly different station name. Previously published names are included in the station manuscript of the Water Resources Data report (Druse and others, 1994). Streamflow characteristics at selected sites in the county are summarized in table 2.
Streamflow and water-quality data are sometimes required where streamflow-gaging or sampling stations are not operated. For example, determination of water loss or gain from seepage in a particular stream reach may require measurements of discharge at several locations along the stream reach. Likewise, definition of water-quality changes within a stream reach may require that water samples be collected (periodically or routinely) at several locations to account for the effects of inflows from seeps and tributaries. Locations where measurements or samples were obtained infrequently are known as miscellaneous Streamflow sites. Locations of 111 miscellaneous Streamflow sites used for this study are shown on plate 3, and specific information concerning these sites is listed in table 3.
Additional information about the streamflow-gaging stations and miscellaneous Streamflow sites in the county can be obtained from the computer files and published reports of the U.S. Geological Survey. Inquiries can be directed to the District Chief, U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, 2617 E. Lincolnway, Suite B, Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001-5662.
Streamflow Characteristics
Streams in the county can be classified as ephemeral, intermittent, or perennial. Assigning a stream type can be somewhat arbitrary because the process depends on which reach of the stream is being considered and the length of time the stream has been observed (Lowham, 1985, p. 32).
Streams originating in the Plains Region of the county (pi. 3) usually are ephemeral or intermittent. These types of streams only flow periodically and often have extended periods of no flow. Intermittent streams may receive some ground-water inflows in addition to direct surface runoff; however, the ground-water inflows are insufficient to sustain flow throughout the year (Lowham, 1985, p. 32). A hydrograph for Badwater Creek at Bonneville (site 106) illustrates the Streamflow of an ephemeral stream (fig. 5).
Most perennial streams originate in the Mountainous Regions. Perennial (year-round) Streamflow results from greater precipitation, lower evapotranspiration, and greater water-storage capacity than occurs with streams originating in the Plains Region of the county. Water stored as ground water and as glaciers in the mountains is released slowly, maintaining Streamflow throughout the year. An example of a perennial stream is Wind River near Dubois (site 1); a hydrograph is shown in figure 5. The hydrograph shows the characteristic period of snowmelt runoff from April to June followed by sustained flow throughout the year. The hydrograph for Bull Lake Creek above Bull Lake (site 18) is similar to the hydrograph for Wind River near Dubois, except the flow is affected by seasonal glacial melting. The hydrograph for site 18 shows the characteristic periods of snowmelt runoff and sustained flow. However, high flow is sustained longer during the snowmelt runoff period than the flow at site 1. Flow during the sustained period is higher at site 18 than at site 1 during the summer, but by late winter, the relation is reversed.
STREAMFLOW 9
Select measurement site
Stream
Select cross section X
Stream stage (water level)
Lett bank
Discharge measurement
Right bank
Subdivide cross section and measure width, depth, and mean velocity of each subsection. Multiply width, depth, and velocity to obtain discharge for each subsection. Sum increments to determine total discharge of stream.
Stage-discharge ratingConstruct stage-discharge rating from discharges measured at various stages.
DISCHARGE
Collect continuous record of stage at gaging station. Combine rating with stage record to yield discharge record.
Figure 4. Procedure for collection of streamflow data at a gaging station (from Lowham, 1988, p.13).
10 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Tabl
e 1.
S
elec
ted
stre
amflo
w-g
agin
g st
atio
ns in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g
(mod
ifie
d fr
om D
ruse
and
oth
ers,
199
4, p
. xi t
o xv
i; xx
xii t
o xx
xiii)
[Site
num
ber:
Sim
plif
ied
site
num
ber
used
in th
is r
epor
t to
iden
tify
loca
tion
of s
trea
mfl
ow-g
agin
g st
atio
ns.
Stat
ion
num
ber:
Ass
igne
d by
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal S
urve
y to
loca
tions
whe
re s
trea
ms
are
mea
sure
d or
sam
pled
on
a re
gula
r bas
is.
The
first
two
digi
ts id
entif
y th
e m
ajor
bas
in in
whi
ch th
e st
atio
n is
loca
ted
(Mis
sour
i Riv
er B
asin
is 0
6).
The
rem
aini
ng s
ix d
igits
iden
tify
the
rela
tive
loca
tion.
Per
iod
of
reco
rd in
cal
enda
r yea
rs:
A d
ate
follo
wed
by
a se
mic
olon
indi
cate
s a
brea
k in
the
colle
ctio
n of
reco
rds.
Bre
aks
of le
ss th
an a
yea
r ar
e no
t sho
wn,
mi2
, squ
are
mile
s; N
C, n
ot c
ompu
ted;
--,
no d
ata]
STREAI
s
3
Site
nu
mbe
r (P
l.3)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12
13 14 15
16 17
Peri
od o
f re
cord
in c
alen
dar
year
s
Stat
ion
num
ber
0621
8500
0621
8700
0621
9000
0622
0000
0622
0500
0622
0800
0622
1400
0622
1500
0622
2000
0622
2500
0622
2510
06
2227
00
0622
3000
0622
3500
0622
3700
06
2237
5006
2238
00
Stat
ion
nam
e
Win
d R
iver
nea
r Dub
ois
Wag
on G
ulch
nea
r D
uboi
sW
arm
Spr
ing
Cre
ek n
ear D
uboi
sW
ind
Riv
er a
t Dub
ois
Eas
t For
k W
ind
Riv
er n
ear
Dub
ois
Win
d R
iver
abo
ve R
ed C
reek
, nea
r Dub
ois
Din
woo
dy C
reek
abo
ve la
kes,
nea
r Bum
s
Din
woo
dy C
reek
nea
r B
ums
Win
d R
iver
nea
r B
ums
Dry
Cre
ek n
ear
Bum
s
Dry
Cre
ek C
anal
at h
eadg
ate,
nea
r B
ums
Cro
w C
reek
nea
r Tip
pera
ry
Mea
dow
Cre
ek n
ear
Len
ore
Will
ow C
reek
nea
r C
row
hear
t
Sand
Dra
w n
ear
Cro
whe
art
Win
d R
iver
abo
ve B
ull L
ake
Cre
ek, n
ear
Cro
whe
art
Win
d R
iver
trib
utar
y N
o. 2
nea
r Cro
whe
art
Dra
inag
e-ba
sin
area
(mi2
)
232 4.
8985
.848
642
7
1,07
3 88.2
100
1,23
6 53.7
NC
30
.2
41.7
55.4
12.8
NC 3.
16
Dai
ly o
r m
onth
ly
Ann
ual p
eak
disc
harg
e or
con
tent
di
scha
rge
1945
-92
1961
-84
1191
1-12
1910
-12
1950
-57;
2 1
975-
9319
91-9
219
57-7
8;
2 198
8-93
1909
; 19
18-3
0;19
50-5
819
46-5
3]1
909;
19
21-4
0;
2198
8-93
2 198
9-93
19
62-9
3 !1
909;
1921
-23
1909
; 19
21-2
3;19
25-4
0;
2198
8-93
19
61-7
7
1961
-81
Che
mic
al
1947
-50;
1953
;19
65-8
6--
1965
1948
-49
1975
-86;
19
9019
86-9
219
88-9
2
~
1990
2 197
4-93
1990
1990
-91
-
Qua
lity
Sedi
men
t B
iolo
gy
1970
; 19
80
1973
-82
- - ..
1975
-86
..
1970 .. .
.
1990
1990
-91
--
Tabl
e 1.
S
elec
ted
stre
amflo
w-g
agin
g st
atio
ns in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
1 m
a 3D m O c 3D O
m 0 n
n 3D
m & O Z O O C z ^
Site
nu
mbe
r (p
i. 3)
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
Peri
od o
f rec
ord
in c
alen
dar
year
sSt
atio
n nu
mbe
r
0622
4000
0622
4500
0622
5000
0622
5500
0622
6000
0622
6200
0622
6300
0622
6500
0622
7000
0622
7500
0622
7596
0622
7600
0622
7700
0622
7810
0622
8000
0622
8350
0622
8450
0622
8500
0622
8510
0622
8800
0622
9000
Stat
ion
nam
e
Bul
l Lak
e C
reek
abo
ve B
ull L
ake
Bul
l Lak
e ne
ar L
enor
eB
ull L
ake
Cre
ek n
ear L
enor
eW
ind
Riv
er n
ear C
row
hear
t
Wyo
min
g C
anal
nea
r Len
ore
Littl
e D
ry C
reek
nea
r Cro
whe
art
Dry
Cre
ek n
ear C
row
hear
t
Pilo
t was
tew
ay n
ear M
orto
nPi
lot C
anal
nea
r Mor
ton
Wyo
min
g C
anal
bel
ow P
ilot d
iver
sion
, nea
r Mor
ton
John
stow
n D
itch
at h
eadw
orks
, nea
r Kin
near
Win
d R
iver
nea
r Kin
near
LeC
lair
Can
al n
ear R
iver
ton
Lefth
and
Ditc
h at
hea
dwor
ks, n
ear R
iver
ton
Win
d R
iver
at R
iver
ton
Sout
h Fo
rk L
ittle
Win
d R
iver
abo
ve W
asha
kie
Res
ervo
ir, n
ear F
ort W
asha
kie
Sout
h Fo
rk L
ittle
Win
d R
iver
bel
ow W
asha
kie
Res
ervo
ir, n
ear F
ort W
asha
kie
Littl
e W
ind
Riv
er n
ear F
ort W
asha
kie
Ray
Can
al a
t hea
dwor
ks, n
ear F
ort W
asha
kie
Nor
th F
ork
Littl
e W
ind
Riv
er n
ear F
ort W
asha
kie
Nor
th F
ork
Littl
e W
ind
Riv
er a
t For
t Was
haki
e
Dra
inag
e-ba
sin
area
(m
i2)
187
3210
3213
1,89
1
NC 10
.597
.9
NC
NC
NC
NC
2,19
4
NC
NC
2,30
9 90.3
93.5
117
NC
112
128
Dai
ly o
r m
onth
ly
Ann
ual p
eak
disc
harg
e or
con
tent
di
scha
rge
1941
-53;
2 196
6-93
1>219
38-9
3
2191
8-93
2 194
5-93
1941
-45;
1949
-82;
2 198
8-93
1961
-81
1959
;19
61-8
119
49-5
319
49-5
319
49-5
321
991-
93
1974
-79;
2199
1-93 ._
2199
1-93
1906
-08;
2191
1-93
2197
6-93
2198
8-93
1921
-40
2198
9-93
2198
8-93
1921
-40
Che
mic
al
2 197
4-93
1990
1976
;19
78;
1987
-92
1988 ~ ~ -
1977 - -
1985
-92
__
1947
-50;
2196
5-93
1976
-92
1990
1990
Qua
lity
Sedi
men
t B
iolo
gy.. .. -
1970
-82;
1990
-92
1974
-82;
1988 - --
1975
-82
..
1990
-92
1976
-77
1949
-51;
19
73-7
8;19
59-6
5;
2 198
6-93
1971
; 19
77;
2198
5-93
.. - _. ..
Tabl
e 1.
S
elec
ted
stre
amflo
w-g
agin
g st
atio
ns in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
i n I
Site
nu
mbe
r (p
i. 3)
39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
49 50 51 52
53 54
55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63
Peri
od o
f re
cord
in c
alen
dar
year
s
Stat
ion
num
ber
0622
9680
0622
9700
0622
9800
0622
9900
0623
0190
0623
0300
0623
0500
0623
1000
0623
1500
0623
1600
06
2319
3006
2319
5006
2320
0006
2325
00
0623
2600
0623
2800
06
2330
0006
2333
4006
2333
6006
2334
4006
2335
00
0623
3600
0623
3900
0623
4000
0623
4500
Dra
inag
e-ba
sin
Dai
ly o
r m
onth
ly
Ann
ual
peak
St
atio
n na
me
area
(m
i2)
disc
harg
e or
con
tent
di
scha
rge
Sage
Cre
ek a
bove
Nor
kok
Mea
dow
s C
reek
, nea
r For
t W
asha
kie
Nor
kok
Mea
dow
s C
reek
nea
r Fo
rt W
asha
kie
Sand
Dra
w n
ear F
ort W
asha
kie
Tro
ut C
reek
nea
r For
t Was
haki
e
Mill
Cre
ek a
bove
Ray
Lak
e ou
tlet c
anal
, nea
r For
t W
asha
kie
Ray
Lak
e ne
ar o
utle
t, ne
ar F
ort W
asha
kie
Litt
le W
ind
Riv
er n
ear A
rapa
hoe
Litt
le W
ind
Riv
er a
bove
Ara
paho
e
Mid
dle
Popo
Agi
e R
iver
nea
r L
ande
r
Mid
dle
Popo
Agi
e R
iver
bel
ow T
he S
inks
, nea
r Lan
der
Bal
dwin
Cre
ek b
elow
Dic
kins
on C
reek
, at L
ande
rL
ittle
Dic
kins
on C
reek
at L
ande
rN
orth
Pop
o A
gie
Riv
er n
ear
Milf
ord
Nor
th P
opo
Agi
e R
iver
nea
r L
ande
r Po
po A
gie
Riv
er a
t Hud
son
Sidi
ng, n
ear
Lan
der
Litt
le P
opo
Agi
e R
iver
nea
r A
tlant
ic C
ity
Litt
le P
opo
Agi
e R
iver
nea
r L
ande
rM
onum
ent D
raw
at u
pper
sta
tion,
nea
r H
udso
nM
onum
ent D
raw
at l
ower
sta
tion,
nea
r H
udso
nC
oal M
ine
Dra
w t
ribu
tary
nea
r H
udso
nL
ittle
Pop
o A
gie
Riv
er a
t Hud
son
Popo
Agi
e R
iver
at H
udso
n
Popo
Agi
e R
iver
nea
r A
rapa
hoe
Litt
le W
ind
Riv
er b
elow
Ara
paho
eB
eave
r Cre
ek n
ear
Lan
der
118 15
.4 .99
16.1
15.8
NC
618
660 86.5
87.5
NC
NC 98
.413
4N
C 5.99
12
5 5.50
8.38 .6
338
4
NC
796
1,46
411
3
2 199
0-93
1965
-81
1961
-81
2 199
0-93
19
61-6
8;19
70-8
421
990
-93
-
1950
-53
1906
-09;
1911
-18;
21
979-
93
1911
-12;
19
18-2
419
59-6
8 19
69-7
4
..
1945
-63
1938
-53
1957
-73
2 194
6-93
1965
-72
1965
-84
1965
-72
1907
-09;
1911
-17;
19
38-5
3
2197
9-93
1906
-09;
1911
-18;
1938
-41
Qua
lity
Che
mic
al
Sedi
men
t B
iolo
gy
1990 -
1990
1990
1960
-70
1992
--
19
9219
66-9
2 --
19
73-7
7;
1989
-92
~
1965
21
989-
93
2198
9-93
1981
--
19
8119
90
2198
3-93
--
19
83-8
9
_ - .. -
1966
-69;
19
8419
80-9
2 --
19
83;
1989
~
Tabl
e 1.
S
elec
ted
stre
amflo
w-g
agin
g st
atio
ns in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
1 m 3J
3) m
(/) O c 3J O m (/)
O n n 3) m S O O O c 5
Site
nu
mbe
r (p
i. 3)
64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
Peri
od o
f re
cord
in
cale
ndar
yea
rs
Stat
ion
num
ber
0623
4700
0623
4800
0623
5000
0623
5500
0623
5700
0623
6000
0623
6100
0623
8760
0623
8780
0623
9000
0624
4500
0624
5000
0624
5500
0624
6000
0624
6500
0624
6800
0624
7000
Dra
inag
e-ba
sin
Dai
ly o
r m
onth
ly
Stat
ion
nam
e ar
ea (m
i2)
disc
harg
e or
con
tent
Sout
h Fo
rk H
all C
reek
nea
r Lan
der
Bob
cat D
raw
nea
r Sa
nd D
raw
Bea
ver C
reek
nea
r Ara
paho
e
Litt
le W
ind
Riv
er n
ear R
iver
ton
Hay
mak
er C
reek
nea
r Riv
erto
n
Kirb
y D
raw
nea
r Riv
erto
nW
ind
Riv
er a
bove
Boy
sen
Res
ervo
ir, n
ear
Shos
honi
Wes
t For
k D
ry C
heye
nne
Cre
ek a
t upp
er s
tatio
n, n
ear
Riv
erto
nW
est F
ork
Dry
Che
yenn
e C
reek
trib
utar
y ne
ar R
iver
ton
Mus
krat
Cre
ek n
ear
Shos
honi
Five
mile
Cre
ek a
bove
Wyo
min
g C
anal
, nea
r Pav
illio
n
Five
mile
Cre
ek n
ear
Pavi
llion
Pow
erlin
e w
aste
way
nea
r Pav
illio
nPa
villi
on d
rain
nea
r Pav
illio
n
Oce
an d
rain
at O
cean
Lak
e ou
tlet,
near
Pav
illio
n
Oce
an d
rain
nea
r M
idva
leO
cean
dra
in n
ear
Pavi
llion
3.88
32.8
9
354
1,90
4 9.52
129
4,39
0 .69
1.85
733
118
118
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
.. --
1950
-53
2194
1-93
--
1951
-53
2 199
0-93
- -
1950
-73
1949
-75;
2198
8-93
1948
-49
1949
-50
1948
-50
1948
-53;
1978
-83
1979
-82
1948
-53
Ann
ual
peak
di
scha
rge
1960
-72
1969
;19
71-8
1- _
1961
-64;
1966
-73
1961
-84
-
1965
-84
1965
-72
- -- ~ -- -
Che
mic
al.. -
1951
;19
67-8
1;19
85-9
219
53-5
4;21
965-
93
~ -
1973
-93
- -
1949
-51;
1969
;19
74-7
5;19
87-9
2
- -
1988
1950
-51;
1978
-83;
1986
; 19
88-
Qua
lity
Sedi
men
t ~
1989
-92
1959
-65;
1971
;2 1
989-
93- -
1991
-93
~ ~
1950
-61;
1964
;19
67-6
8;19
71-7
319
49-5
1;19
60-6
1;19
64-6
8;19
70-7
5;19
89-9
2-
1950
1949
-50;
1988
1950
-51
1979
-82
1949
-50
Bio
logy
- -
2198
7-93
-- -
1974
-89
- - - - - - --
Tabl
e 1.
S
elec
ted
stre
amflo
w-g
agin
g st
atio
ns in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
Site
nu
mbe
r (p
i. 3)
81 82 83 84 85
86 87 88 89 90 91
92 93 94 95 96 97 98W m
"
g
100
?
101
i
Stat
ion
num
ber
0624
7500
0624
8000
0624
8500
0624
9000
0624
9500
06
2500
00
0625
0500
0625
1000
0625
1500
0625
2000
0625
2500
06
2530
00
0625
3500
0625
5160
0625
5190
0625
5200
0625
5300
0625
5500
0625
6000
0625
6500
0625
6650
Stat
ion
nam
e
Dud
ley
was
tew
ay n
ear P
avill
ion
Kel
lett
drai
n ne
ar P
avill
ion
Dew
ey d
rain
nea
r Pav
illio
nFi
vem
ile 7
6 dr
ain
near
Riv
erto
nSa
nd G
ulch
dra
in a
nd w
aste
way
nea
r Riv
erto
n Fi
vem
ile C
reek
nea
r Riv
erto
n
Los
t Wel
ls B
utte
dra
in n
ear R
iver
ton
Col
eman
dra
in n
ear
Shos
honi
Sand
Gul
ch n
ear
Shos
honi
Eag
le d
rain
nea
r Sh
osho
niL
ater
al P
-34.
9 w
aste
way
nea
r Sh
osho
ni
Five
mile
Cre
ek n
ear
Shos
honi
Lat
eral
P-3
6.8
was
tew
ay n
ear S
hosh
oni
Dea
d M
an G
ulch
trib
utar
y ne
ar L
ysite
Dea
d M
an G
ulch
nea
r Lys
iteD
ead
Man
Gul
ch n
ear
Mon
eta
Pois
on C
reek
trib
utar
y ne
ar S
hosh
oni
Pois
on C
reek
nea
r Sh
osho
ni
Bad
wat
er C
reek
at L
ybye
r Ran
ch, n
ear L
ost C
abin
Bad
wat
er C
reek
at L
ost C
abin
Bad
wat
er C
reek
at L
ysite
Dra
inag
e-ba
sin
area
(mi2
)
NC
NC
NC
NC
NC
33
56 NC
NC 18
.6
NC
NC
34
18 NC
.54
4.11
4.46 .3
950
0
131
166
415
Dai
ly o
r m
onth
ly
disc
harg
e or
con
tent
1949
-50
1948
-50
1948
-50
1949
-50
1949
-50
1949
-65
1949
-50
1948
-50
1948
-53
1948
-50
1949
-50
1941
-42;
1948
-83;
1988
-92
1949
-50
-- ~ ~
1949
-53;
1955
-56
1948
-68
1945
-48
1965
-73
Peri
od o
f rec
ord
in c
alen
dar
year
sA
nnua
l pea
k Q
ualit
ydi
scha
rge
Che
mic
al
Sedi
men
t-
1950
- --
1950
-51
1949
-51;
1959
-61;
1963
-65
-.
1950
1988
19
49-5
0;19
88-
1948
-51;
19
49-5
1;19
53;
1959
-61;
1965
-86;
19
63-6
8;19
88
1972
;19
74-7
5;19
78-8
5;19
88-
1965
-68;
19
70-7
219
65-7
3
1958
-69
-
1966
1959
-81
1961
-68
1951
19
49-5
1;19
64- ..
1966
-68;
19
70-7
3
Bio
logy
~ - -- - ~ ~ - - - ~ - ~ - - « ~
Tabl
e 1.
S
elec
ted
stre
amflo
w-g
agin
g st
atio
ns in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
1 m 3)
3) m
O c 3) O m CO O n
n 3) m O z O O c z
Site
nu
mbe
r (p
i. 3)
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
Peri
od o
f rec
ord
in c
alen
dar
year
sSt
atio
n nu
mbe
r
0625
6670
0625
6700
0625
6800
0625
6900
0625
7000
0625
7300
0625
7500
0625
8000
0625
8010
0625
8400
0625
8500
0625
8900
0625
9000
0663
7550
0663
7600
0663
7700
0663
7740
0663
7750
Stat
ion
nam
e
Bad
wat
er C
reek
trib
utar
y ne
ar L
ysite
Sout
h B
ridg
er C
reek
nea
r Lys
iteB
ridg
er C
reek
nea
r Lys
ite
Dry
Cre
ek n
ear B
onne
ville
Bad
wat
er C
reek
at B
onne
ville
Shot
gun
Cre
ek tr
ibut
ary
near
Pav
illio
nM
uddy
Cre
ek n
ear P
avill
ion
Mud
dy C
reek
nea
r Sho
shon
i
Cot
tonw
ood
Cre
ek d
rain
nea
r Sh
osho
niB
irds
eye
Cre
ek n
ear
Shos
honi
Cot
tonw
ood
Cre
ek n
ear B
onne
ville
Boy
sen
Res
ervo
irW
ind
Riv
er b
elow
Boy
sen
Res
ervo
ir
Swee
twat
er R
iver
nea
r Sou
th P
ass
City
Will
ow C
reek
nea
r Atla
ntic
City
Will
ow C
reek
nea
r Sou
th P
ass
City
Swee
twat
er R
iver
abo
ve R
ock
Cre
ek, n
ear A
tlant
ic C
ityR
ock
Cre
ek a
bove
Roc
k C
reek
Res
ervo
ir
Dra
inag
e-ba
sin
area
(mi2
)
5.86
10.0
182 52.6
808 2.
5726
7
332
NC 13
.216
5
7,70
07,
701
177 3.
089.
21N
C 49.2
Dai
ly o
r m
onth
ly
Ann
ual p
eak
disc
harg
e or
con
tent
di
scha
rge
1966
-73
1960
-81
1965
-73
1965
-81
1947
-73
1961
-81
1949
-73
1949
-68;
1972
-83
1959
-72
1949
-53
1>21
951-
93
2195
1-93
1958
-73
1974
-81
1957
-58
1957
-58
2 196
2-93
Che
mic
al- -
1976
-81
- -
1949
-51;
1988
-92
1953
;19
82-8
4;19
86;1
988
~ -
1949
-50;
1976
1953
-54;
1956
;19
60-9
219
75-7
8- - -
1978
Qua
lity
Sedi
men
t- -
1966
-68;
1970
-73
1966
-68;
1970
-81
1949
-51;
1960
-61;
1963
-68;
1970
-73
-
1949
-51;
1961
;19
64-6
8;19
70-7
219
49-5
1;19
60-6
1;19
64-6
8;19
82-8
5;19
8819
79-8
2-
1979
-86
1975
-78
- -
1981
1975
Bio
logy
~ - - - - ~ ~ - -
1973
-87
~ - - -
Tabl
e 1.
S
elec
ted
stre
amflo
w-g
agin
g st
atio
ns in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
Site
num
ber
(pi.
3)
120
121
122
123
Sta
tion
num
ber
0663
7800
0663
7850
0663
7900
0663
7910
Sta
tion n
ame
Rock
Cre
ek n
ear
Sou
th P
ass
City
Roc
k C
reek
nea
r A
tlantic
City
Sla
te C
reek
nea
r Atla
ntic
City
Roc
k C
reek
at A
tlantic
City
Dra
ina
ge
-ba
si
area
(m
i2)
9.87
14.6
5.92
21.3
Per
iod
of
reco
rd i
n ca
len
da
r ye
ars
n D
aily
or
month
ly
Annual
peak
Q
ua
lity
dis
charg
e o
r co
nte
nt
dis
cha
rge
C
hem
ical
Sedim
ent
1957
-60
1957
1957
-73
1957
-76
-
1957
-59;
19
64-6
6;
Bio
logy
- -- - --
1966
-67;
19
69-7
1;
1976
1968
;19
71-7
2;19
7612
4
125
126
127
128
0663
7950
0663
8000
0663
8090
0663
8100
0663
8300
Roc
k C
reek
at O
rego
n T
rail
Cro
ssin
g, n
ear A
tlant
ic
City
Swee
twat
er R
iver
nea
r A
tlant
ic C
itySw
eetw
ater
Riv
er n
ear
Swee
twat
er S
tatio
nSw
eetw
ater
Riv
er a
t Sw
eetw
ater
Sta
tion,
nea
r L
ande
rW
est F
ork
Cro
oks
Cre
ek n
ear J
effr
ey C
ity
NC
438
849
889 11
.6
1946
-51
1973
-92
- -
-- -
1965
-73
1961
-81
1981
-- - -
1976
-78
1976
-78
-- - - -
'Sta
ge r
ecor
d or
sta
ge r
ecor
d an
d in
stan
tane
ous
disc
harg
e m
easu
rem
ents
onl
y.2C
urre
ntly
in o
pera
tion
(199
3).
3Par
t of d
rain
age
area
is n
on-c
ontr
ibut
ing
or d
oes
not c
ontr
ibut
e di
rect
ly to
sur
face
run
off.
4App
roxi
mat
e.
i
B
WATER
RESOURCES
OF
FREMONT
COUNTY
Tabl
e 2.
Str
eam
flow
char
acte
rist
ics
at se
lect
ed st
ream
flow
-gag
ing
stat
ions
in F
rem
ont C
ount
y, W
yom
ing
[Site
num
ber:
Sim
plifi
ed s
ite n
umbe
r us
ed in
thi
s re
port
to id
entif
y lo
catio
n of
str
eam
flow
-gag
ing
stat
ions
, m
i2, s
quar
e m
iles;
Qa,
aver
age
annu
al f
low
, in
cubi
c fe
et p
er s
econ
d, n
umbe
r in
par
enth
eses
is
ave
rage
ann
ual r
unof
f, in
inch
es'p
er y
ear;
M, M
ount
aino
us R
egio
n; P
, Pla
ins
Reg
ion;
H, H
igh
Des
ert R
egio
n (c
lass
ific
atio
n fr
om L
owha
m,
1988
, p.
18; p
i. 1)
; Pt,
annu
al p
eak
flow
, in
cubi
c fe
et p
er
seco
nd, w
ith s
ubsc
ript
des
igna
ting
the
aver
age
recu
rren
ce in
terv
al in
yea
rs (
data
are
fro
m P
eter
son,
198
8, p
. 30-
89 a
nd p
. 322
-331
). T
he p
eak
flow
s lis
ted
are
estim
ates
bas
ed o
n a
Pear
son
Type
III
pr
obab
ility
dis
trib
utio
n of
gag
ed d
isch
arge
s; F
acto
rs a
ffec
ting
natu
ral f
low
: de
scri
ptio
ns a
re fr
om P
eter
son,
198
8, p
. 30-
89 a
nd p
. 322
-331
; , n
ot c
ompu
ted]
Site
nu
mbe
r (p
i. 3)
St
atio
n na
me
1 W
ind
Riv
er n
ear
Dub
ois
5 E
ast F
ork
Win
d R
iver
ne
ar D
uboi
s
7 D
inw
oody
Cre
ek a
bove
la
kes,
nea
r Bur
ris
8 D
inw
oody
Cre
ek n
ear
Bur
ris
Dra
inag
e-
basi
n ar
ea
(ml2
)
232
427 88
.2
100
Qa
P2
178
1,23
0 (1
0.4)
M
261
3,78
0 (8
.3)M
142
945
(22)
M
140
999
(20)
M
P5
P10
P25
P50
P100
Fa
ctor
s af
fect
ing
natu
ral f
low
1,54
0 1,
710
1,91
0 2,
050
2,18
0 D
iver
sion
s ab
ove
stat
ion
for i
rrig
atio
n of
abo
ut
2,30
0 ac
res.
5,09
0 5,
880
6,80
0 7,
440
8,04
0 D
iver
sion
s ab
ove
stat
ion
for i
rrig
atio
n of
abo
ut
2,00
0 ac
res.
1,12
0 1,
240
1,37
0 1,
470
1,57
0 N
o di
vers
ion
abov
e st
atio
n.
1,22
0 1,
350
1,51
0 1,
630
1,74
0 D
iver
sion
s ab
ove
stat
ion
for i
rrig
atio
n of
abo
ut
1,70
0 ac
res
belo
w s
tatio
n si
nce
1936
. Nat
ural
10
Dry
Cre
ek n
ear B
urri
s 53
.7
12
Cro
w C
reek
nea
r 30
.2
Tip
pera
ry
14
Will
ow C
reek
nea
r 55
.4
Cro
whe
art
18
Bul
l Lak
e C
reek
abo
ve
187
Bul
l Lak
e
20
Bul
l Lak
e C
reek
nea
r 22
13
Len
ore
21
Win
d R
iver
nea
r 1,
891
Cro
whe
art
45 22
(9.9
)M
16
(3.9
)M
302
(22)
M
3291
4273
1,24
0
418
318
214
regu
latio
n by
Din
woo
dy L
ake
and
othe
r sm
all l
akes
.
698
905
1,19
0 1,
410
1,64
0 D
iver
sion
s ab
ove
stat
ion
for i
rrig
atio
n of
abo
ut10
0 ac
res.
420
478
542
585
624
No
dive
rsio
n ab
ove
stat
ion.
397
560
822
1,06
0 1,
350
Smal
l div
ersi
on a
bove
sta
tion
for i
rrig
atio
n of
abo
ut10
0 ac
res.
2,27
0 2,
840
3,19
0 3,
600
3,89
0 4,
160
No
dive
rsio
ns a
bove
sta
tion.
Flow
com
plet
ely
regu
late
d by
Bul
l Lak
e 2.
8 m
iles
upst
ream
sin
ce A
pril
1938
. Div
ersi
ons
abov
e st
atio
n fo
r irr
igat
ion
of a
bout
730
acr
es b
elow
sta
tion.
Som
e re
gula
tion
by B
ull L
ake
on B
ull L
ake
Cre
ek.
Div
ersi
ons
abov
e st
atio
n fo
r irr
igat
ion
of a
bout
25,
000
acre
s.
Tabl
e 2.
S
trea
mflo
w c
hara
cter
istic
s at
sel
ecte
d st
ream
flow
-gag
ing
stat
ions
in F
rem
ont C
ount
y, W
yom
ing-
Con
tinue
d
Site
num
ber
(pi.
3)St
atio
n na
me
Dra
inag
e-ba
sin
area
(mi2
)10
SOio
oFa
ctor
s af
fect
ing
natu
ral f
low
9 3J m >
S
n O
32
Win
d R
iver
at R
iver
ton
2,30
978
9
35
Littl
e W
ind
Riv
er n
ear
117
Fort
Was
haki
e12
3
38 51 52 54 55 57
Nor
th F
ork
Littl
e W
ind
Riv
er a
t For
t Was
haki
e
Nor
th P
opo
Agi
e R
iver
ne
ar M
ilfor
d
Nor
th P
opo
Agi
e R
iver
ne
ar L
ande
r
Littl
e Po
po A
gie
Riv
er
near
Atla
ntic
City
Littl
e Po
po A
gie
Riv
er
near
Lan
der
Mon
umen
t Dra
w a
t lo
wer
sta
tion,
nea
r
128 98.4
134 5.
99
125 8.
38
115
(14)
M
122
(17)
M
106 9.
2
80
(9)M 0.07
(H
)H
1,09
0
1,19
0
1,15
0 --
714
232
Hud
son
59
Littl
e Po
po A
gie
Riv
er
384
at H
udso
n
67
Littl
e W
ind
Riv
er n
ear
1,90
4 R
iver
ton
73
Mus
krat
Cre
ek n
ear
Shos
honi
733
95
684
591 3.
5 78
1 (0
.06)
P
1,71
0 2,
130
2,68
0 3,
090
1,85
0 2,
360
3,09
0 3,
690
1,66
0 1,
980
2,34
0 2,
600
1,11
0 1,
370
1,68
0 1,
900
502
736
1,09
0 1,
400
935
1,11
0 1 ,
340
1 ,52
0
2,02
0 3,
370
5,87
0 8,
450
Som
e re
gula
tion
by B
ull L
ake
begi
nnin
g in
193
8 an
d Pi
lot B
utte
Res
ervo
ir be
ginn
ing
in 1
926,
com
bine
d ca
paci
ty 1
82,0
00 a
cre-
feet
. Div
ersi
ons
abov
e st
atio
n fo
r irr
igat
ion
of a
bout
128
,000
acr
es a
bove
and
bel
ow
stat
ion.
The
Wyo
min
g C
anal
of t
he R
iver
ton
proj
ect i
s th
e m
ajor
div
ersi
on. (
See
Pete
rson
, 19
88, p
. 52
for
furth
er re
mar
ks).
Flow
regu
late
d by
Was
haki
e R
eser
voir
(cap
acity
7,
800
acre
-fee
t). N
atur
al f
low
of s
tream
aff
ecte
d by
tra
nsba
sin
dive
rsio
ns f
rom
Nor
th F
ork
and
dive
rsio
ns
for i
rrig
atio
n ab
ove
stat
ion.
3,50
0 N
atur
al f
low
of s
tream
aff
ecte
d by
div
ersi
ons
for
irrig
atio
n of
abo
ut 1
,000
acr
es a
nd b
y tra
nsba
sin
dive
rsio
ns a
bove
sta
tion
to P
evah
Cre
ek.
4,34
0 Tw
o sm
all d
iver
sion
s ab
ove
stat
ion
for i
rrig
atio
n of
hay
m
eado
ws.
2,84
0 D
iver
sion
s ab
ove
stat
ion
for i
rrig
atio
n of
abo
ut
3,00
0 ac
res.
Flow
regu
late
d by
Chr
istin
a La
ke 0
.6 m
ile u
pstre
am,
capa
city
3,8
60 a
cre-
feet
. No
dive
rsio
n ab
ove
stat
ion.
2,12
0 D
iver
sion
s ab
ove
stat
ion
for i
rrig
atio
n of
abo
ut
540
acre
s. Sl
ight
regu
latio
n by
Chr
istin
a La
ke.
1,74
0 -
I,710
D
iver
sion
s ab
ove
stat
ion
for i
rrig
atio
n of
abo
ut
3,00
0 ac
res.
Div
ersi
on a
bove
sta
tion
for i
rrig
atio
n of
abo
ut
62,9
00 a
cres
.
II,8
00
Bur
eau
of L
and
Man
agem
ent h
as e
xten
sive
spr
eade
r an
d de
tent
ion
syst
ems
on s
ome
of th
e tri
buta
ries
abov
e st
atio
n.
Tabl
e 2.
S
trea
mflo
w c
hara
cter
istic
s at
sel
ecte
d st
ream
flow
-gag
ing
stat
ions
in F
rem
ont C
ount
y, W
yom
ing-
Con
tinue
d
5 m 31 31 m 0 31
0 m O
n n 31 m O z -1 o 0 c z <
Site
nu
mbe
r (p
i. 3)
74 86 92 99 105
106
108
Stat
ion
nam
e
Five
mile
Cre
ek a
bove
Wyo
min
g C
anal
, nea
rPa
villi
on
Five
mile
Cre
ek n
ear
Riv
erto
n
Five
mile
Cre
ek n
ear
Shos
honi
Bad
wat
er C
reek
at
Lyb
yer R
anch
, nea
rL
ost C
abin
Dry
Cre
ek n
ear
Bon
nevi
lle
Bad
wat
er C
reek
at
Bon
nevi
lle
Mud
dy C
reek
nea
rPa
villi
on
Dra
inag
e-
basi
n ar
ea
(mi2
)
118
2356
2418 13
1 52.6
808
267
Qa
P2
PS
P10
2.3
78 157 8.
7 16
1 36
9 57
4(0
.90)
M
2.8
193
511
847
(0.7
2)P
23
1,57
0 3,
760
5,91
0(0
.39)
P
4.8
395
985
1,55
0(0
.24)
P
P2s
PSO
PI oo
Fa
ctor
s af
fect
ing
natu
ral f
low
Flow
reg
ulat
ed b
y B
urea
u of
Indi
an A
ffai
rs r
eser
voir
syst
em a
ppro
xim
atel
y 10
.5 m
iles
upst
ream
. Div
ersi
ons
abov
e st
atio
n fo
r irr
igat
ion
of a
bout
320
acr
es.
Flow
regu
late
d by
ope
ratio
n of
Wyo
min
g C
anal
Spill
way
. B
urea
u of
Indi
an A
ffai
rs h
as a
res
ervo
irsy
stem
in th
e he
adw
ater
s.
Nat
ural
flow
of s
trea
m a
ffec
ted
by r
egul
atio
n of
Bur
eau
of In
dian
Aff
airs
res
ervo
ir s
yste
m in
the
head
wat
ers,
dive
rsio
n fo
r irr
igat
ion,
and
ret
urn
flow
fro
m ir
riga
ted
area
s.
928
1,27
0 1,
690
Div
ersi
ons
abov
e st
atio
n fo
r irr
igat
ion
of a
bout
350
acre
s.
1 ,44
0 2,
040
2,77
0 D
iver
sion
s ab
ove
stat
ion
for i
rrig
atio
n of
abo
ut20
0 ac
res.
9,54
0 13
,000
17
,100
D
iver
sion
abo
ve s
tatio
n fo
r ir
riga
tion
of a
bout
3, 1
00 a
cres
.
2,48
0 3,
330
4,31
0 Fl
ow r
egul
ated
by
Bur
eau
of In
dian
Aff
airs
res
ervo
irsy
stem
. The
flo
w a
lso
is a
ffec
ted
by s
ever
al s
mal
l
109
Mud
dy C
reek
nea
r 33
2 22
Sh
osho
ni
114
Win
d R
iver
bel
ow
7,70
1 1,
450
Boy
sen
Res
ervo
ir
spre
ader
dik
e sy
stem
s an
d di
vers
ions
for
irri
gatio
n of
ab
out
1,50
0 ac
res
abov
e st
atio
n (S
ee P
eter
son,
198
8, p
. 84
for
furt
her r
emar
ks).
Nat
ural
flow
of s
trea
m a
ffec
ted
by r
egul
atio
n of
Bur
eau
of In
dian
Aff
airs
res
ervo
ir s
yste
m in
the
head
wat
ers,
di
vers
ions
for
irri
gatio
n, a
nd re
turn
flo
w f
or ir
riga
ted
area
s.
Flow
reg
ulat
ed b
y B
oyse
n R
eser
voir
sin
ce O
ctob
er
1951
. Nat
ural
flo
w a
lso
affe
cted
by
Bul
l Lak
e, P
ilot
But
te R
eser
voir
, and
sev
eral
sm
all r
eser
voir
s,
com
bine
d ca
paci
ty 1
90,0
00 a
cre-
feet
, and
div
ersi
ons
abov
e st
atio
n fo
r irr
igat
ion
of a
bout
196
,000
acr
es.
DO m > n
O
Tabl
e 2.
S
trea
mflo
w c
hara
cter
istic
s at
sel
ecte
d st
ream
flow
-gag
ing
stat
ions
in F
rem
ont C
ount
y, W
yom
ing-
Con
tinue
d
Site
D
rain
age-
nu
mbe
r ba
sin
area
(p
i. 3)
St
atio
n na
me
(mi2
) Q
a P2
115
119
122
123
126
Swee
twat
er R
iver
nea
rSo
uth
Pass
City
Roc
k C
reek
abo
veR
ock
Cre
ek R
eser
voir
Slat
e C
reek
nea
rA
tlant
ic C
ity
Roc
k C
reek
at A
tlant
icC
ity
Swee
twat
er R
iver
nea
r
177
65
648
(5.0
)M
29.2
8.
8 11
3(1
3)M
5.92
6.
0 76
21.3
13
849
148
P5
P10
P25
P50
PI oo
F
acto
rs a
ffec
ting
natu
ral f
low
972
1,18
0 1,
440
1,63
0 1,
810
Div
ersi
ons
abov
e st
atio
n fo
r irr
igat
ion
of a
bout
950
acre
s. T
rans
basi
n di
vers
ion
from
Litt
le S
andy
Cre
ek to
Lan
der a
long
Lan
der C
reek
(tri
buta
ry to
Swee
twat
er R
iver
abo
ve s
tatio
n).
151
175
203
224
244
No
dive
rsio
ns a
bove
sta
tion.
181
272
403
510
621
Flow
aff
ecte
d by
div
ersi
on a
bove
sta
tion
from
Roc
kC
reek
into
Sla
te C
reek
bas
in d
urin
g so
me
peri
ods
sinc
e19
63. N
o di
vers
ions
abo
ve s
tatio
n fo
r irr
igat
ion.
Flow
reg
ulat
ed b
y R
ock
Cre
ek R
eser
voir
3.0
mile
sup
stre
am s
ince
Oct
ober
196
1, c
apac
ity 2
,800
acr
e-fe
et.
Tra
nsba
sin
dive
rsio
n by
Con
tinen
tal
Div
ide
ditc
hSw
eetw
ater
Sta
tion
dive
rts
wat
er fr
om L
ittle
San
dy C
reek
(tr
ibut
ary
to
Swee
twat
er R
iver
). A
tran
sbas
in d
iver
sion
div
erts
w
ater
from
Sw
eetw
ater
Riv
er in
to P
acifi
c C
reek
(t
ribu
tary
to B
ig S
andy
Riv
er in
Gre
en R
iver
bas
in).
'Ave
rage
ann
ual r
unof
f rep
rese
nts
aver
age
wat
er d
epth
, in
inch
es, o
ver
the
entir
e dr
aina
ge b
asin
.A
ppro
xim
ate.
3Bef
ore
cons
truc
tion
of B
ull L
ake
Dam
.4A
fter
con
stru
ctio
n of
Bul
l Lak
e D
am.
m 30 30 m
w
O 30
O m
w O 30 m
O
Tabl
e 3.
M
isce
llane
ous
stre
amflo
w s
ites
in F
rem
ont C
ount
y, W
yom
ing
[Site
num
ber:
Si
mpl
ifie
d si
te n
umbe
r us
ed in
thi
s re
port
to i
dent
ify
mis
cella
neou
s st
ream
flow
site
s. M
isce
llane
ous
stre
amfl
ow s
ite n
umbe
r:
Ass
igne
d by
the
U.S
. Geo
logi
cal
Surv
ey
to lo
catio
ns w
here
onl
y on
e or
a f
ew m
easu
rem
ents
or
sam
ples
hav
e be
en o
btai
ned.
The
fir
st s
ix d
igits
des
igna
te l
atitu
de o
f the
site
, the
nex
t se
ven
digi
ts d
esig
nate
lon
gitu
de,
and
the
last
two
digi
ts a
re s
eque
nce
num
bers
to d
istin
guis
h be
twee
n se
vera
l si
tes
that
may
be
in c
lose
pro
xim
ity o
f one
ano
ther
; ,
mis
cell
aneo
us s
trea
mfl
ow s
ite n
ot a
ssig
ned]
Site
num
ber
(pi.
3)
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
Loc
atio
n M
isce
llane
ous
stre
amfl
ow
(deg
rees
, min
utes
, sec
onds
)si
te n
umbe
r
4247
4310
8484
001
4248
0710
8493
801
4248
5610
8484
601
4248
5810
8484
701
4250
0810
8445
401
4251
3510
8425
401
4252
5910
8523
401
4253
4810
8351
301
4255
1310
8485
801
4255
1510
8485
401
4255
2410
8465
701
4256
0510
8515
401
4256
4610
8473
901
4257
0910
8521
201
4257
1010
8460
701
4257
1310
8485
601
4257
1610
8520
401
4257
3010
8461
201
4257
4410
8294
901
4258
0310
8295
601
Lat
itude
42 4
7 43
42 4
8 07
42 4
8 56
42 4
8 58
42 5
0 08
4251
35
42 5
2 59
42 5
3 48
42 5
5 13
42 5
5 15
42 5
5 24
42 5
6 05
4256
46
4257
09
42 5
7 10
42 5
7 13
42 5
7 16
42 5
7 30
4257
44
42 5
8 03
Lon
gitu
de
1084
840
108
49 3
8
108
48 4
6
108
48 4
7
108
44 5
4
108
42 5
4
108
52 3
4
1083
513
108
48 5
8
108
48 5
4
108
46 5
7
1085
154
108
47 3
9
108
52 1
2
108
46 0
7
108
48 5
6
108
52 0
4
1084
612
108
29 4
9
1082
956
Site
nam
e
Gay
lor
and
War
nock
Ditc
h ne
ar L
ande
r
Squa
w C
reek
abo
ve F
ergu
son
Gul
ch, n
ear L
ande
r
Squa
w C
reek
abo
ve G
rim
met
ts G
ulch
, nea
r Lan
der
Gri
mm
etts
Gul
ch n
ear
Lan
der
Squa
w C
reek
at S
mith
Str
eet,
at L
ande
r
Nor
th F
ork
Popo
Agi
e R
iver
nea
r co
nflu
ence
of M
iddl
e Fo
rk P
opo
Agi
e R
iver
, ne
ar L
ande
r
Surr
ell C
reek
nea
r Milf
ord
Litt
le P
opo
Agi
e R
iver
nea
r H
udso
n
Ray
Can
al b
elow
65-
C L
ater
al n
ear
Milf
ord
65-C
Lat
eral
at h
eadw
orks
, nea
r Milf
ord
65-C
- 19
Lat
eral
at h
eadw
orks
, nea
r M
ilfor
d
Mill
Cre
ek a
bove
Ray
Can
al, n
ear W
ind
Riv
er
Unn
amed
Dra
in to
Mill
Cre
ek o
n E
thet
e R
oad,
nea
r For
t Was
haki
e
Ray
Can
al a
t sip
hon,
nea
r W
ind
Riv
er
Mill
Cre
ek b
elow
Coo
lidge
Can
al, n
ear W
ind
Riv
er
Ray
Res
ervo
ir o
utle
t nea
r Win
d R
iver
37-C
late
ral a
t hea
dwor
ks, n
ear W
ind
Riv
er
McC
aske
y D
rain
abo
ve C
oolid
ge C
anal
, nea
r Win
d R
iver
Ara
paho
e Po
nd W
etla
nd n
ear
Ara
paho
e
Blu
e C
loud
Roa
d D
rain
nea
r A
rapa
hoe
Tabl
e 3.
M
isce
llane
ous
stre
amflo
w s
ites
in F
rem
ont C
ount
y, W
yom
ing-
Con
tinue
d
Site
num
ber
(pi.
3)52
1
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
(/)
c/tl
H
542
3) 5
543
|
544
1
545
Loca
tion
Mis
cella
neou
s st
ream
flow
(d
egre
es, m
inut
es, s
econ
ds)
site
num
ber
4258
1910
8263
701
4258
2910
8521
801
4258
4910
8550
701
4258
5010
8355
001
4258
5010
8550
701
4258
5210
8252
201
4258
5710
8352
101
4259
0110
8372
101
4259
2310
8245
301
4259
3110
8370
201
4259
3410
8365
301
4259
5510
8405
301
4259
5610
8405
201
4259
5810
8403
501
4300
1510
8403
601
4300
3610
8525
801
4300
4010
8525
901
4300
4510
8480
001
4301
1410
8431
001
4301
2910
8480
101
4306
3610
8410
701
4306
4710
8412
101
4306
4810
8413
201
4309
0610
8434
901
4311
0910
8380
801
Lat
itude
42 5
8 19
42 5
8 29
42 5
8 49
42 5
8 50
42 5
8 50
42 5
8 52
42 5
8 57
42 5
9 01
42 5
9 23
4259
31
42 5
9 34
42 5
9 55
42 5
9 56
42 5
9 58
43 0
0 15
43 0
0 36
43 0
0 40
43 0
0 45
43 0
1 14
43 0
1 29
43 0
6 36
43 0
6 47
43 0
6 48
43 0
9 06
43 1
1 09
Lon
gitu
de
1082
637
108
52 1
8
108
55 0
7
108
35 5
0
108
55 0
7
108
25 2
2
108
35 2
1
108
37 2
1
1082
453
108
37 0
2
108
36 5
3
1084
053
108
40 5
2
108
40 3
5
108
40 3
6
108
52 5
8
1085
259
108
48 0
0
1084
310
108
48 0
1
108
41 0
7
1084
121
108
41 3
2
108
43 4
9
108
38 0
8
Site
nam
e35
- A D
rain
nea
r Tur
nout
153
, nea
r Ara
paho
e
Alk
ali L
ake
Out
let a
bove
Tro
ut C
reek
bel
ow c
anal
, nea
r Win
d R
iver
Ray
Can
al b
elow
Tro
ut C
reek
, nea
r Fo
rt W
asha
kie
Shar
p N
ose
Dra
w n
ear
mou
th, n
ear A
rapa
hoe
Tro
ut C
reek
bel
ow R
ay C
anal
, nea
r Win
d R
iver
St.
Step
hens
Dra
in n
ear m
outh
, nea
r R
iver
ton
Sub
Age
ncy
Ditc
h at
aux
iliar
y ga
ge, n
ear
Ara
paho
e
Shar
p N
ose
Dra
in a
bove
Litt
le W
ind
Riv
er, n
ear
Ara
paho
e
Dra
in b
elow
Ore
Pile
, Win
d R
iver
Indi
an R
eser
vatio
n
Litt
le W
ind
Riv
er a
bove
Sub
Age
ncy
Ditc
h, n
ear
Ara
paho
e
Sub
Age
ncy
Ditc
h at
hea
dwor
ks, n
ear
Ara
paho
e
14-B
Lat
eral
bel
ow M
ill C
reek
, nea
r Eth
ete
Mill
Cre
ek b
elow
14-
B L
ater
al, n
ear E
thet
e
Mill
Cre
ek a
bove
Litt
le W
ind
Riv
er, n
ear E
thet
e
Low
er H
anse
n D
rain
abo
ve L
ittle
Win
d R
iver
, nea
r Eth
ete
Sout
h Fo
rk L
ittle
Win
d R
iver
at F
ort W
asha
kie
Nor
th F
ork
Litt
le W
ind
Riv
er a
t For
t Was
haki
e
Coo
lidge
Can
al b
elow
Tro
ut C
reek
, nea
r Eth
ete
Eth
ete
Dra
in a
bove
Litt
le W
ind
Riv
er, n
ear E
thet
e
Litt
le W
ind
Riv
er n
ear E
thet
e
18-A
Dra
in n
ear
Kin
near
15-A
Dra
in n
ear
Kin
near
John
stow
n Sp
ur R
oad
Dra
in n
ear
Kin
near
Win
d R
iver
abo
ve J
ohns
tow
n C
anal
, nea
r K
inne
ar
Oce
an L
ake
Dra
in n
o. 7
nea
r K
inne
ar
IS) w
Tabl
e 3.
M
isce
llane
ous
stre
amflo
w s
ites
in F
rem
ont C
ount
y, W
yom
ing-
Con
tinue
d
WATER
RESOURCES OF n 3) m s o Z r COUNTY
Sit
e nu
mbe
r (p
i. 3)
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
Loc
atio
n M
isce
llan
eous
str
eam
flow
(d
egre
es,
min
utes
, se
cond
s)si
te n
umbe
r
4311
3510
8331
901
4312
4010
8372
201
4312
5210
8520
501
4313
1910
8565
401
4316
1210
8355
601
4317
0710
9105
201
4317
4410
9123
001
4317
5710
9082
601
4317
5810
9082
301
4319
0710
8202
501
4319
1110
9094
101
4319
3810
8151
901
4319
4510
9115
501
4319
5010
9085
501
4320
2010
9174
001
4320
2510
9115
401
4320
5010
9115
601
4322
0810
9151
401
4323
0210
9215
601
4324
3010
9252
001
4326
0910
9205
001
4330
2710
9092
701
4331
5510
9054
301
-- --
Latit
ude
43 1
135
43 1
240
43 1
252
43 1
3 19
43 1
6 12
43 1
7 07
43 1
744
43 1
7 57
43 1
7 58
43
19
07
43 1
9 11
43 1
9 38
43 1
9 45
43 1
9 50
43 2
0 20
43 2
0 25
43 2
0 50
43 2
2 08
43 2
3 02
43 2
4 30
432609
43 3
0 27
433155
4330
51
43
30
08
Lon
gitu
de
108
33 1
9
108
37 2
2
108
52 0
5
108
56 5
4
108
35 5
6
109
1052
109
12 3
0
109
08 2
6
1090
823
108
20 2
5
1090
941
108
15 1
9
109
11 5
5
109
08 5
5
109
17 4
0
109
1154
1091
156
109
15 1
4
109
21 5
6
109
25 2
0
109
20 5
0
1090
927
109
05 4
3
109
34 1
0
1093
319
Sit
e na
me
Pond
no.
4 n
ear
Mid
vale
Oce
an L
ake
Dra
in n
o. 6
nea
r Pa
villi
on
Win
d R
iver
at S
win
ging
Bri
dge,
nea
r M
orto
n
Win
d R
iver
bel
ow D
iver
sion
Dam
, nea
r M
orto
n
Stat
e W
ildlif
e M
anag
emen
t Pon
d ne
ar P
avill
ion
Will
ow C
reek
Can
al a
t hea
dwor
ks, n
ear
Cro
whe
art
Mea
dow
Cre
ek C
anal
at h
eadw
orks
, nea
r C
row
hear
t
Will
ow C
reek
nea
r co
nflu
ence
of B
ig W
ind
Riv
er, n
ear
Cro
whe
art
Will
ow C
reek
abo
ve W
ind
Riv
er, n
ear
Cro
whe
art
Mid
dle
Res
ervo
ir n
ear
Mid
vale
44-C
Dra
w n
ear
Cro
whe
art
Sand
Mes
a in
flow
ditc
h ne
ar S
hosh
oni
Kan
e D
raw
nea
r C
row
hear
t
Cro
w C
reek
nea
r co
nflu
ence
of
Big
Win
d R
iver
, nea
r L
enor
e
Dry
Cre
ek a
bove
Dry
Cre
ek C
anal
, ne
ar B
urri
s
Cot
tonw
ood
Dra
w n
ear
Cro
whe
art
Litt
le C
otto
nwoo
d D
rain
nea
r C
row
hear
t
Low
er W
ind
Riv
er "
A"
Can
al a
t hea
dwor
ks, n
ear
Bur
ris
Din
woo
dy C
anal
at h
eadw
orks
, nea
r W
ilder
ness
Red
Cre
ek n
ear c
onfl
uenc
e of
Big
Win
d R
iver
, nea
r W
ilder
ness
, ne
ar D
uboi
s
Upp
er W
ind
Riv
er "
A"
Can
al a
t hea
dwor
ks, n
ear
Wild
erne
ss
Red
Cre
ek a
bove
Mav
eric
k Sp
ring
s R
oad,
nea
r L
enor
e
Dry
Cre
ek a
bove
Mav
eric
k Sp
ring
s R
oad,
nea
r L
enor
e
Jake
ys F
ork
near
Dub
ois
Tor
rey
Cre
ek n
ear
Dub
ois
Tabl
e 3.
M
isce
llane
ous
stre
amflo
w s
ites
in F
rem
ont C
ount
y, W
yom
ing-
Con
tinue
d
STREAMFL
O
Sit
e nu
mbe
r (p
i. 3)
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
Loc
atio
n M
isce
llan
eous
str
eam
flow
(d
egre
es,
min
utes
, se
cond
s)si
te n
umbe
r-- - -- - --
4222
5810
8541
201
4222
5810
8541
101
4221
2210
8504
301
4221
3210
8504
401
4222
5010
8453
301
4222
5110
8453
101
4223
1710
8393
701
4223
2010
8390
201
4223
3410
8371
801
4223
3410
8371
701
4222
5810
8370
801
4223
4510
8353
201
4223
4310
8352
801
4224
2310
8320
501
4224
4210
8284
801
4225
5110
8291
501
4227
1210
8240
401
4227
5710
8232
801
4229
3610
8154
601
4229
3010
8153
801
Lat
itud
e
43 3
5 00
43 3
2 22
42 5
8 42
42 5
0 53
42 5
0 36
42 2
2 58
42 2
2 58
422122
422132
42 2
2 50
422251
42
23
17
42 2
3 20
42 2
3 34
42 2
3 34
42 2
2 58
42 2
3 45
42 2
3 43
42 2
4 23
42 2
4 42
42
25
51
42 2
7 12
42 2
7 57
42 2
9 36
42 2
9 30
Lon
gitu
de
109
27 2
0
109
27 5
4
1085
557
108
44 5
8
1084
447
108
54 1
2
1085
411
1085
043
1085
044
108
45 3
3
1084
531
108
39 3
7
108
39 0
2
108
37 1
8
108
37 1
7
108
37 0
8
108
35 3
2
108
35 2
8
108
32 0
5
1082
848
108
29 1
5
108
24 0
4
108
23 2
8
108
1546
108
1538
Site
nam
eB
ear
Cre
ek n
ear
Dub
ois
Wig
gins
For
k ne
ar D
uboi
s
Cro
oked
Cre
ek n
ear
Fort
Was
haki
e
Bal
dwin
Cre
ek n
ear L
ande
r
Squa
w C
reek
nea
r Lan
der
Swee
twat
er R
iver
abo
ve H
ighw
ay 2
8 br
idge
, nea
r So
uth
Pass
City
Spea
rs M
eado
ws
Cre
ek a
bove
mou
th,
near
Sou
th P
ass
City
Swee
twat
er R
iver
nea
r H
ay R
anch
, ne
ar S
outh
Pas
s C
ity
Fish
Cre
ek a
bove
mou
th,
near
Sou
th P
ass
City
Swee
twat
er R
iver
abo
ve P
ine
Cre
ek,
near
Sou
th P
ass
City
Pine
Cre
ek a
t mou
th,
near
Sou
th P
ass
City
Swee
twat
er R
iver
at A
rmst
rong
Ran
ch, n
ear
Sout
h Pa
ss C
ity
Will
ow C
reek
at A
rmst
rong
Ran
ch,
near
Sou
th P
ass
City
Swee
twat
er R
iver
abo
ve R
ock
Cre
ek, n
ear
Sout
h Pa
ss C
ity
Roc
k C
reek
at m
outh
, ne
ar S
outh
Pas
s C
ity
Site
lO
a, L
ong
Slou
gh n
ear
Sout
h Pa
ss C
ity
Swee
twat
er R
iver
abo
ve H
arri
s Sl
ough
, ne
ar S
outh
Pas
s C
ity
Har
ris
Slou
gh a
t mou
th,
near
Sou
th P
ass
City
Swee
twat
er R
iver
at W
ilson
Bar
, nea
r So
uth
Pass
City
Site
13a
, Gra
nite
Cre
ek n
ear
Sout
h Pa
ss C
ity
Site
13b
, Str
awbe
rry
Cre
ek n
ear
Sout
h Pa
ss C
ity
Swee
twat
er R
iver
bel
ow C
him
ney
Cre
ek, n
ear
Swee
twat
er S
tatio
n
Site
15,
Arn
old
Ditc
h ne
ar S
wee
twat
er S
tatio
n
Swee
twat
er R
iver
abo
ve A
lkal
i Cre
ek,
near
Sw
eetw
ater
Sta
tion
Alk
ali C
reek
abo
ve m
outh
, ne
ar S
wee
twat
er S
tatio
n
Tabl
e 3.
M
isce
llane
ous
stre
amflo
w s
ites
in F
rem
ont C
ount
y, W
yom
ing-
Con
tinue
d
I m 3D
3D m (0 o 3D
O m (0 O n n 3D m
O O
O
Site
num
ber
(pl-
3)
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
Loc
atio
n M
isce
llane
ous
stre
amfl
ow
(deg
rees
, m
inut
es, s
econ
ds)
site
num
ber
4230
2910
8141
701
4230
2810
8141
501
4230
3110
8140
901
4232
3610
8102
801
4234
5110
8043
201
4233
2110
7574
101
4233
2810
7572
301
4230
3110
7515
301
4230
3510
7514
801
4231
3610
7470
901
4231
2410
7414
801
4231
3410
7415
401
4231
4010
7384
701
4230
5810
7382
401
4228
5710
7370
601
4229
0710
7363
701
Latit
ude
42 3
0 29
42 3
0 28
4230
31
42 3
2 36
4234
51
42 3
3 21
42 3
3 28
4230
31
42 3
0 35
4231
36
4231
24
4231
34
4231
40
42 3
0 58
42 2
8 57
42 2
9 07
Lon
gitu
de
1081
417
1081
415
108
14 0
9
1081
028
1080
432
1075
741
107
57 2
3
1075
153
1075
148
1074
709
1074
1 48
107
41 5
4
1073
847
1073
824
107
37 0
6
1073
637
Site
nam
eSi
te 1
8a,
Gra
ham
and
Far
msl
ey D
itch
No.
1 n
ear
Swee
twat
er S
tatio
n
Site
1 8
b, G
raha
m a
nd F
arm
sley
Ditc
h N
o. 2
nea
r Sw
eetw
ater
Sta
tion
Site
1 9
, Sw
eetw
ater
Riv
er n
ear
Swee
twat
er S
tatio
n
Site
21,
Rus
sell
Ditc
h ne
ar S
wee
twat
er S
tatio
n
Swee
twat
er R
iver
abo
ve S
carl
ett R
anch
, nea
r Sw
eetw
ater
Sta
tion
Site
22a
, Ditc
h at
Gra
ham
Ran
ch, n
ear
Swee
twat
er S
tatio
n
Swee
twat
er R
iver
at G
raha
m R
anch
, nea
r Sw
eetw
ater
Sta
tion
Site
23a
, Em
igra
nt D
itch
at M
clnt
osh
Ran
ch, n
ear J
effr
ey C
ity
Swee
twat
er R
iver
at M
clnt
osh
Ran
ch, n
ear J
effr
ey C
ity
Swee
twat
er R
iver
nea
r Jef
frey
City
Site
25a
, Unn
amed
Ditc
h be
low
Jef
frey
City
Swee
twat
er R
iver
bel
ow J
effr
ey C
ity
Sage
Hen
Cre
ek a
bove
mou
th, b
elow
Jef
frey
City
Swee
twat
er R
iver
at A
gate
Fla
t bri
dge,
bel
ow J
effr
ey C
ity
Cot
tonw
ood
Cre
ek a
t Hw
y 28
7 br
idge
, nea
r Sp
lit R
ock
Swee
twat
er R
iver
abo
ve S
plit
Roc
k
Q Zo o 111 (/)2] Q_H-
10,000
1,000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
10,000
1,000
100
SITE 106BADWATER CREEK AT BONNEVILLE06257000Ephemeral stream
Daily discharges that are equal to zero were converted to 0.01 for graphing purposes
Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept
1952 1953
oCD
o£= 10
LU
O (O Q
<
0.1
0.01
10,000
1,000
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
SITE1WIND RIVER NEAR DUBOIS06218500Perennial stream
I____I_____I_____|_____I_____I_____I_____I
Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept
1952 1953
SITE 18BULL LAKE CREEK ABOVE BULL LAKE06224000Perennial stream affected by glaciers
Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept
1952 1953
Figure 5. Daily mean discharge for an ephemeral stream, a perennial stream, and a perennial stream affected by glaciers for water year 1953.
STREAMFLOW 27
Average Annual Runoff
Average annual flow (Qa) is a measure of streamflow past a reference point. Average annual runoff distributes that flow across the drainage basin and is a useful estimate of how much water a watershed/drainage basin will produce. Average annual runoff was computed for selected streamflow-gaging stations in the county that have a minimum period of record of 5 years and that monitor streamflow that has not been substantially affected by artificial diversions, storage, or human activities in or on the stream channels (table 2). The process of computing the average annual runoff in ungaged basins is described by Lowham (1988).
Surface-water runoff in Fremont County varies greatly, from the Mountainous Regions in the western, northwestern, and southeastern parts of the county, to the lower Plains Region in the central and eastern parts of the county, to the High Desert Region in the west-central and southern parts of the county (pi. 3 and table 2). These hydrologic regions were defined by Lowham (1988) in a comprehensive study of streamflows in Wyoming. Each region has distinct runoff characteristics based on climatic, topographic, and geologic conditions. Lowham (1988, p. 18; pi. 1) defined the region boundaries by the use of color-infrared imagery and known streamflow characteristics.
Average annual runoff from drainages in the Mountainous Regions of the county is a function of climatic factors and physical characteristics of the drainage basins. Important climatic variables are precipitation, temperature, wind, evaporation, and solar radiation. Climatic conditions of an intermontane drainage basin are related to the physical conditions of basin altitude and the relative topographic position of the basin in the mountain range. Drainage-basin size is the most important physical characteristic. Water storage in lakes, ponds, and aquifers has some effect on total runoff, but to a lesser degree than the climatic conditions and drainage-basin size (Rankl, 1987, p. 30).
The average annual runoff for 15 streamflow-gaging stations that record runoff mostly from the Mountainous Regions of the county ranged from 0.90 to 22 in/yr (table 2). The runoff at these streamflow- gaging stations is from the Wind River Range, except for sites 1, 12, and 99. The runoff at site 1 is from the Wind River and Absaroka Ranges; the runoff at site 12 is from the Absaroka Range, and the runoff at site 99 is from the Bridger Mountains. Flow at these sites drains into the Wind River drainage basin except for flow at sites 115, 119, 122, 123, and 126 that drains into the Sweetwater River drainage basin.
Average annual runoff of streams originating in the Plains and High Desert Regions of the county is a function of quantity and intensity of precipitation, drainage-basin area, evapotranspiration, and infiltration rate of the surficial material. Rainstorm intensities or snowmelt rates that exceed the infiltration rate of moisture into the surficial material produce runoff. According to Rankl (1987, p. 30), the contribution of ground-water inflows to streams originating in the Wind River Basin is minor. Irrigation storage, drainage structures, and stock ponds decrease the total runoff from a drainage basin because they increase evapotranspiration and other consumptive uses (Rankl, 1987, p. 30).
The average annual runoff for four streamflow-gaging stations that record runoff mostly from the Plains Region of the county ranged from 0.06 to 0.72 in/yr (table 2). The runoff at all of these streamflow-gaging stations is from the Wind River Basin, and flow at all of these sites drains into the Wind River drainage basin. Of the streamflow-gaging stations for which average annual flow was computed (table 2), none were identified by Lowham (1988) as measuring runoff mostly from the High Desert Region. However, Lowham did classify Monument Draw at lower station, near Hudson (site 57), as High Desert and estimated the mean annual flow from records of seasonal gages. Using his estimate of average annual flow (0.07 ft3/s), the average annual runoff for site 57 was 11 in/yr.
28 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Flow Duration
The flow-duration curve is a cumulative frequency curve of daily mean discharges that shows the percentage of time specified discharges were equaled or exceeded during a period of record. This curve does not account for the chronological sequence of hydrologic events, but combines the flow characteristics of a stream throughout its range of discharge. Flow-duration characteristics presented here and the methods used to develop the curves are from Peterson (1988, p. 2). The flow-duration curve applies only to the period of record for which it was developed. Streamflow data for complete years of record were used for the flow-duration curves. Although the years need not be consecutive, the records used represent periods when human activities such as reservoir storage and irrigation diversions remain unchanged.
Streamflow duration is dependent on the following drainage-basin characteristics: climate, physiography, geology, and land use. Drainage basins where these conditions are similar can have flow-duration curves that are similar in shape. High flow is controlled mainly by climate, physiography, and land use in the basin. Low flow is controlled mainly by the geology of the basin. Streamflow is the result of variable precipitation and the drainage-basin characteristics previously mentioned. The effects of precipitation on Streamflow are reduced by storage, either on the surface or in the ground (Searcy, 1959, p. 30).
Flow-duration curves can be used to evaluate the variability of Streamflow in the county (fig. 6). To illustrate the variability, flow-duration curves were developed for the three selected streamflow-gaging stations that represent each stream type. Site 106, Badwater Creek at Bonneville, is located in the Plains Region in the northeast part of the county. The flow-duration curve for site 106 indicates highly variable streamflows that are dependent primarily on direct surface runoff. During 1948-73, daily discharge for site 106 was less than 0.01 ft3/s 20 percent of the time and was 100 ft3/s or greater only 6 percent of the time (dashed line, fig. 6) during the same period. Site 1, Wind River near Dubois and site 18, Bull Lake Creek above Bull Lake measure stream- flow from the Mountainous Region in the western part of the county. The flat slope in the high-flow range of the flow-duration curve for both sites indicates high streamflows that are primarily sustained by snowmelt. The flatter slope in the low-flow range indicates sustained base flow (probably ground-water inflow) and charac terizes storage in the basin. The daily discharge for site 1 exceeds that for site 18 in the high-flow range probably because site 1 has a larger drainage basin (232 compared to 187 mi2). The reverse is true in the low-flow range because of the contribution of glacial meltwater from the Wind River Range during the summer.
The flow-duration curve for each site in figure 6 applies only to the period for which the curve was developed. For each site, all available records were used. Extended high flows of a wet year (or extended low flows of a dry year) tend to skew the curve on the high-flow (or low-flow) end, and care is needed when such curves are applied to specific years. The converse also is true, in that curves representing a short period of record do not necessarily represent long-term flow characteristics.
Low Flow
Frequency analysis of low-flow data provides information about water-supply conditions related to municipal, industrial, and irrigation uses, instream fisheries, and waste disposal. Indices generally used to describe low-flow characteristics of streams are the lowest mean discharges averaged over 7 consecutive days and having recurrence intervals of 2 and 10 years. For simplicity, these indices are referred to as the 7-day Ch (7Ch) and 7-day Cho (7Qio) discharges. In any given year, there is a 50-percent chance that the flow will not exceed the 7Q2 for 7 consecutive days (10-percent chance for the 7Qio)-
STREAMFLOW 29
10,000
1,000
o oLLJ COCC LU 0_
LU LJJ LLO 00=) O
LJJ
oCO Q
100
10
0.1
0.01
Site 18, water years 1942-53;1967-84Perennial stream affectedby glaciers
Site 1, water years 1946-84 Perennial stream
Site 106, water years 1948-73 Ephemeral stream
5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 95 98
PERCENTAGE OF TIME INDICATED FLOW WAS EQUALED OR EXCEEDED
Figure 6. Duration of daily mean discharge for site 106, Badwater Creek at Bonneville; site 1, Wind River near Dubois; and site 18, Bull Lake Creek above Bull Lake.
Seven-day low-flow discharges of selected streams are listed in table 4. The 7Q2 and 1Q\Q discharges per square mile (yields) also are listed in table 4 for comparison purposes. However, note that the 7Q2 and 7Q 10 discharges in table 4 cannot be extrapolated to other reaches on the same stream or to other streams in the drainage basin without knowledge of the drainage-basin characteristics and without knowledge of the effects of human activities. Low-flow frequency values for the various stations cannot be directly compared because the values are based on different periods of record. For this table, records for Bull Lake Creek near Lenore (site 20) were divided into periods prior to and following the construction of Bull Lake Dam.
The hydrographs in figure 5 illustrate the differences in the occurrence of low flow between ephemeral and perennial streams. In ephemeral streams, low flow is zero flow. Most ephemeral streams are dry most of the time. Low flows in perennial streams occur in the winter (normally October through April) and are predominantly from ground-water inflows.
30 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Table 4. Seven-day low-flow discharges for selected streamflow-gaging stations in Fremont County, Wyoming[Site number: Simplified site number used in this report to identify location of streamflow-gaging stations; mi2, square miles; ft3/s, cubic feet per second; (ft /s)/mi2, cubic feet per second per square mile of drainage-basin area; , not computed]
Site number (pi. 3)
1578
1012141820
213235385152545559677374
869299
105106108109114115119122123
126
Station name
Wind River near DuboisEast Fork Wind River near DuboisDinwoody Creek above lakes, near BurrisDinwoody Creek near BurrisDry Creek near BurrisCrow Creek near TipperaryWillow Creek near CrowheartBull Lake Creek above Bull LakeBull Lake Creek near Lenore
Wind River near CrowheartWind River at RivertonLittle Wind River near Fort WashakieNorth Fork Little Wind River at Fort WashakieNorth Popo Agie River near MilfordNorth Popo Agie River near LanderLittle Popo Agie River near Atlantic CityLittle Popo Agie River near LanderLittle Popo Agie River at HudsonLittle Wind River near RivertonMuskrat Creek near ShoshoniFivemile Creek above Wyoming Canal, nearPavillionFivemile Creek near RivertonFivemile Creek near ShoshoniBadwater Creek at Lybyer Ranch, near LostCabinDry Creek near BonnevilleBadwater Creek at BonnevilleMuddy Creek near PavillionMuddy Creek near ShoshoniWind River below Boysen ReservoirSweetwater River near South Pass CityRock Creek above Rock Creek ReservoirSlate Creek near Atlantic CityRock Creek at Atlantic City
Sweetwater River near Sweetwater Station
Drainage- basin area (mi2)
232427
88.210053.730.255.4
187J 213
1,8912,309
11712898.4
1345.99
125384
1,904733118
1 356'418
131
52.6808267332
7,701177
49.2
5.9221.3
849
Seven-day low-flow discharge for indicated recurrence interval
Length of record (years)
38132018
16211428
2 16345
385518181714152514422025
133419
142518293214211614
10
2 yearsDischarge
(tf/s)
4536
5.49.31.72.34.1
211515
296115
1618
11130.56
1917
11700
1331
0
0000
6716.61.1.52
2.314
Yield [(ft3/sVmi2]
0.19.084.061.093.032.076.074.11.070.070.157.050.14.14.11.097.093.15.044.0614
00
.037
.0740
0000
.087
.037
.12
.089
.11
.016
10 yearsDischarge
(tf/s)
3626
2.50.65
01.12.7
1202.9
20840
9.7117.16.90.13
142.2
67---
4.820
-~-
0359
2.8.76.17
1.37.4
Yield [(ft3/symi2]
0.16.061.028.0065
0.036.049.064
0.014.11.02.083.086.072.051.022.11.0057.035
---
.013
.048~
------
0.047.016
.083
.029
.061
.009
'Approximate.2Before construction of Bull Lake Dam. 3After construction of Bull Lake Dam. Part of drainage area is non-contributing or does not contribute directly to surface runoff.
STREAMFLOW 31
High Flow
High-flow characteristics of streams in the county vary with stream type. High flows in ephemeral streams are the result of lowland snowmelt or rainfall runoff during a winter or spring thaw or from summer thunderstorms. Snowmelt runoff usually is smaller in magnitude and longer in duration than rainfall runoff. Runoff from intense thunderstorms can be extremely large and of short duration. Magnitudes and durations of rainfall runoff depend on drainage-basin characteristics and on the distribution and intensity of precipitation. Peak flows in most ephemeral steams are reached quickly from rainfall runoff, and are followed by an equally rapid decrease in flows, with a gradual return to no-flow conditions. Because of these rapid changes in flow, the timing of streamflow measurements to include peak discharge on ephemeral streams is difficult. Peak flows on ephemeral streams usually are measured by indirect methods. Perennial streams generally have a period of high flow in May and June as mountain snowpacks melt. Diurnal fluctuations in flow are typical during snowmelt periods with successive daily flows increasing as daylight hours lengthen and temperatures increase.
This diurnal pattern, if uninterrupted by changing weather conditions, continues until peak flows occur. However, weather conditions have a substantial effect on snowmelt runoff, making peak flows difficult to predict.
The design of bridges and culverts for road crossings, dams, diversions, and other structures on or near streams requires information about expected peak-flow conditions (floods). If the stream has been gaged in the vicinity of the planned structure, statistical analysis of the annual maximum instantaneous flows for the period of record can be used to determine the magnitude and frequency of floods. If peak-flow records are not available, then an estimate generally is made using one of several other techniques that are available (Lowham, 1985, p. 34). For example, if a bridge, when built, was planned to be used for 20 or more years, the bridge was designed for the 100-year peak flow. The 100-year peak flow, or 100-year flood, for selected streamflow-gaging stations in the county is listed in table 2. A 100-year flood is defined as the annual maximum instantaneous (peak) discharge that will be equaled or exceeded once in 100 years, on the average. Alternately, the 100-year flood is the discharge that has a 1-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded during any particular year. Also listed in table 2 are the instantaneous peak flows with recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 50 years. The magnitude of these flows is listed for stations where the natural flow is not substantially affected by regulation, diversion, or irrigation. The method used to compute the instantaneous peak flows listed in table 2 is described in Peterson (1988, p. 3).
GROUND WATER
The quantity and quality of ground water in Fremont County differs in and between geologic units and is related to the lithology and the physical and geochemical properties of the rocks. Wells and springs in the county were inventoried during 1990-92. The purpose of this inventory was to evaluate wells and springs completed in and issuing from as many geologic units as possible, with as even a distribution across the county as possible. Data collected at each well or spring are used to estimate the quantity and quality of ground water at that site. Data collected for multiple wells and springs completed in or issuing from a single geologic unit are used to estimate the area of ground-water occurrence as well as the quantity and quality of ground water for that geologic unit in that area. These descriptions are provided in the following sections that discuss the types of data collected in selected geologic units: the relation of ground water to geology; recharge, movement, and discharge of ground water; and water-level changes. Water-quality analyses of samples collected from wells completed in and springs that issue from different geologic units in the county are described in the Ground- Water Quality section of this report.
32 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Ground-Water Data
During this study, the collected ground-water data consisted of water levels, well or spring discharges, and water quality. Data from selected wells and springs throughout the county are compiled in table 16 (at back of report). The compilation consists of the local number, year drilled, depth of well, primary use of water, altitude of land surface, water level, and discharge. The locations of selected wells and springs are shown on plate 2.
Wells and springs are identified in this report by location, according to the Federal township-range system of land subdivision, and are assigned a local number. An example of a local number used in this report is 32-090-22ddc01 (fig. 7). The first number (32) denotes the township, the second number (090) denotes the range, and the third number (22) denotes the section. The first letter following the section number denotes the quarter section (160-acre tract); the second letter, the quarter-quarter section (40-acre tract); and the third letter, if shown, the quarter-quarter-quarter section (10-acre tract). These subsections are designated a, b, c, and d in a counter-clockwise direction, beginning in the northeast quadrant. The last two characters in the local number are a sequence number indicating the order of inventory. For example, in figure 7, spring 32-090-22ddc01 is the first spring inventoried in the southwest quarter of the southeast quarter of the southeast quarter of sec. 22, T. 32 N., R. 090 W. All wells and springs in the county, except those in the Wind River Indian Reservation, have ranges west of the Sixth Principal Meridian and townships north of the 40th Parallel Base Line.
In the Wind River Indian Reservation, the township-range system is based on the Wind River Meridian and Base Line system. Townships are denoted as north or south of the base line and ranges are denoted as east or west of the meridian (for example, !N-lE-34bcb01).
In addition to the ground-water data published in this report, ground-water data is published in: (1) previous USGS investigation reports (such as, Morris and others, 1959; McGreevy and others, 1969; and Whitcomb and Lowry, 1968); (2) the USGS Water Resources Data report (published annually); and (3) various ground-water-level reports for the State. Beginning in 1987, a report "Ground-Water Levels in Wyoming" is published every 2 years and covers a 10-year period. Ground-water data can be obtained from computer files of the USGS. Requests for electronic data and/or published reports can be made to the District Chief, U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, 2617 E. Lincolnway, Suite B, Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001-5662. Information such as well construction, initial water level, lithology, and well yields can be obtained from the Wyoming State Engineer. Inquiries should be made to the Groundwater Division Administrator, Herschler Building, 4th Floor-East, Cheyenne, Wyoming 82002.
Relation of Ground Water to Geology
"Ground water occurs in rocks in the open spaces between grains, in fractures, or in solution openings" (McGreevy and others, 1969, p. 112). Porosity, a measure of the void space in a rock, and permeability, a measure of the ability of a porous medium to transmit fluids, are important physical properties that affect the ability of a geologic unit to store water and to yield water to wells or springs. The source of the water filling the open spaces could be one or a combination of the following: infiltration of precipitation, irrigation water, or surface water; or leakage from other geologic units. All the geologic units that occur in the county may have water-yielding capabilities on a local scale. Even though water-yielding capabilities or aquifer characteristics of all the geologic units in the county have not been quantified, some geologic units are known to have better water-yielding capabilities than others.
The lithology and water-yielding characteristics of 61 geologic units in the county are summarized in table 15 (at back of report). The surface distribution of these geologic units is shown on plate 1.
Wells completed in and springs issuing from 35 geologic units that were inventoried either for this study or for previous studies are listed in table 16. The primary geologic unit for 52 of the inventoried wells is unknown. Terrace deposits can occur in the Quaternary alluvium and colluvium and in the Quaternary gravel, pediment, and fan deposits. In this report, terrace deposits are undifferentiated. Wells completed in and springs issuing from terrace deposits were assigned to Quaternary terrace deposits. Ground-water wells and springs
GROUND WATER 33
R. 91 W. R. 90 W. R. 89 W.
Figure 7. System for numbering wells and springs.
previously identified as completed in or issuing from the Arikaree Formation remain assigned to the Arikaree Formation. These sites most correctly would be assigned to the Split Rock Formation of Tertiary age. However, neither the Split Rock Formation nor the Arikaree Formation is shown on plate 1. The geologic map in this report (pi. 1) was modified from the State geologic map by Love and Christiansen (1985, sheet 1). Since the publication of the State geologic map (1985), Love and others (1992) published the stratigraphic nomenclature chart for Wyoming, which indicates that the Split Rock Formation is mapped as Miocene rocks on the State geologic map (1985). During this study, to be consistent with the geologic map in this report, wells and springs that were identified as completed in or issuing from the Split Rock Formation were assigned to Miocene rocks. Precambrian rocks include nine geologic units shown on plate 1. These units were not subdivided during the hydrologic inventory that was made during this study.
Water levels typically are measured using a steel tape but also can be made using an electrical or pressure- change-sensing device. Static water levels reflect the geologic unit's water-bearing characteristics. However, effects beyond the investigator's control can make accurate measurements of the static water level impossible. For example, a well that is pumping, that has been pumped recently, or that is near another pumping well will have a water level lower than the static water level as a result of drawdown in the well caused by the pumping. If a water level is affected by one of these factors, it is indicated in table 16. In the following text, when a range of water levels is given, the range is only for measured static water levels. Reported or estimated water levels also are excluded from the range but might be referenced in the text. The source of reported or estimated water levels is usually from other government agency data bases, driller's logs, or the well owner.
Discharge measurements typically are made using a weir, flume, or flow meter. Discharge from a well that is not flowing does not represent a geologic unit's true water-yielding characteristics. The discharge from a pumped well is affected by the bore-hole diameter, pump capacity and efficiency, type and size of openings in the casing, type of filter pack, and thickness and permeability of the saturated interval penetrated. Discharge from a spring that is not developed represents the water yield that the geologic unit is capable of producing at
34 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
that site. In this report, the range of discharge given for wells and springs includes measured, reported, or estimated discharges, and measured discharges that were affected by pumping. The source of reported or estimated discharges is usually from other government agency data bases, driller's logs, or the well owner.
The geologic units are organized by geologic age in the following discussions. The groups are discussed in descending order (from youngest to oldest): Quaternary deposits and Tertiary, Mesozoic, Paleozoic, and Precambrian rocks. The groups and following discussion are limited to the 35 geologic units with inventoried sites during this and previous studies (table 16). The same groupings are used to organize the Ground-Water Quality section of this report.
Quaternary Deposits
Quaternary deposits in the county consist of alluvium and colluvium; gravel, pediment, and fan deposits; glacial deposits; landslide deposits; dune sand and loess; playa lake and other lacustrine deposits; and basalt flows and intrusive igneous rocks. Lithologies, which are described in table 15, vary for each geologic unit. The most areally extensive Quaternary deposits in the county are alluvium and colluvium; gravel, pediment, and fan deposits; and dune sand and loess.
Quaternary deposits with inventoried sites during this and previous studies include alluvium and colluvium; glacial deposits; landslide deposits; and dune sand and loess. The wells and spring identified as completed in or issuing from terrace deposits (table 16) could be completed in or issuing from terrace deposits either in alluvium and colluvium or gravel, pediment, and fan deposits. Sixty wells completed in and five springs issuing from these geologic units are listed in table 16.
Most of the wells (49) and springs (2) in Quaternary deposits were identified as completed in or issued from alluvium and colluvium. The water from these sites was used primarily for domestic supplies. The well depth for 46 wells ranged from 8.6 to 150 ft. Well discharge rates ranged from 4 to 200 gal/min. One spring (30-090-16adc01), that is located in the southeast part of the county and that issues from the alluvium and colluvium of Sage Hen Creek, had a measured discharge of 10 gal/min in July 1965. Depth to water ranged from 1 to 18 ft below land surface. Several reported water levels were deeper than the maximum measured water level; the deepest reported water level was 30 ft below land surface.
Nine wells and one spring that were inventoried were completed in or issued from terrace deposits. The well depth for seven wells ranged from 19 to 70 ft. The discharge from two wells southeast of Lander was measured at 8 gal/min in June 1991. One spring (!N-lW-29bdb01), which is located northwest of Lander, had an estimated discharge of 0.2 gal/min. Depth to water was 8 ft in well 4N-4W-23bab01 in August 1989 and 10 ft in well 4N-4E-23acd01 in December 1951. All other water levels for wells listed in table 16 either were affected by pumping or were reported.
Of the remaining inventoried sites for Quaternary deposits, two wells are completed in glacial deposits, one spring issues from landslide deposits, and another spring issues from dune sand and loess. The 45-foot deep well (3N-2W-17acb01) had a measured water level of 35 ft in September 1964. The spring (43-108-22abb01) that issues from landslide deposits in the valley along DuNoir Creek had a measured discharge of 21 gal/min in May 1992. The spring (37-089-3 IcccOl) that issues from dune sand and loess east of Shoshoni near the county line had a measured discharge of 28 gal/min in August 1991. Although only one spring was inventoried, dune sand and loess could be a significant source of water for small supplies (less than 50 gal/min) because of its areal extent in the northeast part of the county. Whitcomb and Lowry (1968, p. 3) noted that water yields for those wind-blown deposits generally are "...adequate for stock or domestic supplies...."
GROUND WATER 35
Tertiary Rocks
Inventoried sites in 12 of 24 geologic units in Tertiary rocks (table 15) are in table 16: Miocene rocks; the Arikaree, White River, Tepee Trail, Wagon Bed, and Bridger Formations; the Crooks Gap Conglomerate; the Laney Member of the Green River Formation; and the Wasatch, Battle Spring, Wind River, and Fort Union Formations. Two hundred wells completed in and 22 springs issuing from these geologic units are listed in table 16. Geologic units that are described in this report include the Miocene rocks, the Arikaree, White River, and the Wind River Formations.
In the State Stratigraphic Nomenclature Chart, the nomenclature assigned to the Miocene rocks geologic unit by Love and others (1992, sheet 1) is the Split Rock Formation. In addition to Miocene rocks and Split Rock Formation nomenclature, previous investigators also used Arikaree Formation. In this report, the authors chose not to change the geologic nomenclature for sites assigned to the Arikaree Formation. However, to be consistent with the geologic map in this report, new sites inventoried during this study were assigned to Miocene rocks.
Miocene rocks crop out in a wedge-shaped pattern that begins west of Sweetwater Station and extends east to the county line. Love and Christiansen (1985, sheet 2) describe Miocene rocks as "...soft tuffaceous sandstones." Locally derived conglomerate occurs in upper and lower parts of this geologic unit. The water bearing and -yielding characteristics of Miocene rocks are assumed to be comparable to those of the Split Rock or the Arikaree Formation. Eight wells that are completed in and one spring that issues from Miocene rocks were inventoried during this and previous studies (table 16). Well depth ranged from 65 to 1,080 ft. For all the sites listed in table 16, the water was used for livestock. Well discharge ranged from 3 to 20 gal/min. One spring (30-095-13adc01), which is located northeast of Sweetwater Station, had a measured discharge of 0.6 gal/min in June 1991. Two wells were flowing when inventoried in 1991. Depth to water for the non-flowing wells ranged from 24.07 to 94.83 ft below land surface. Other water levels were affected by pumping or were reported by the owner or someone else.
Whitcomb and Lowry's (1968, sheet 1) map of the Wind River Basin shows that the Arikaree Formation crops out west of Sweetwater Station and extends east to the county line. This outcrop area corresponds to the same area mapped as Miocene rocks on the State geologic map by Love and Christiansen (1985, sheet 1). The Arikaree Formation is described in Richter (1981, p. 47) as a fine- to medium-grained sandstone in the upper part and a pebble and cobble conglomerate in the lower part. The water from 17 wells and 2 springs was used primarily for livestock. The well depth ranged from 25 to 1,000 ft. Well discharge ranged from 3 to 1,100 gal/min; one spring (27-097-12caa01) in the southern part of the county had an estimated discharge of 360 gal/min in June 1990. Depth to water ranged from 12 to 220.8 ft below land surface.
The White River Formation is a "...blocky tuffaceous clay stone and lenticular arkosic conglomerate" (Love and Christiansen, 1985, sheet 2). The water from eight wells and seven springs (table 16) was used for watering livestock. Well depth ranged from 135 to 326 ft. Well discharge ranged from 7 to 25 gal/min; spring discharge ranged from 1 to 40 gal/min. Most of the water levels that are listed in table 16 were affected by pumping or were reported. One static water level in well 31-095-3 IdddOl (located between Sand Draw and Sweetwater Station) was 68.16 ft below land surface in June 1991; the static water level measured in well 31-094-33dcb01, located in the same area, was 177 ft below land surface in January 1962.
The Wind River Formation is the most areally extensive water-bearing unit that occurs at the surface. This geologic unit is exposed from the west-central part to the northeast and south-central parts of the county and is composed of "variegated claystone and sandstone; lenticular conglomerate" (Love and Christiansen, 1985, sheet 2). The water-bearing characteristics of the Wind River Formation were variable throughout the county. Water in the Wind River Formation occurs under unconfined and confined conditions (Morris and others, 1959, p. 26; McGreevy and others, 1969, p. 122-123). In the Riverton and Gas Hills area, wells used for irrigation, industrial, and public supply purposes yield large supplies (greater than 300 gal/min), whereas wells developed for livestock and domestic purposes yield smaller supplies (less than 50 gal/min) through-out the rest of the county (Whitcomb and Lowry, 1968, sheet 3). Richter (1981, p. 48) reported a maximum yield of 3,000 gal/min from a well completed in the Wind River Formation.
36 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
The largest number of documented well completions is in the Wind River Formation. Forty-eight percent of the wells listed in table 16 are completed in the Wind River Formation. Records of 157 wells that are completed in and 2 springs that issue from the Wind River Formation were inventoried during this or previous studies. Most of the wells that are listed in table 16 were used for livestock or domestic purposes. Well depth ranged from 35 to 2,210 ft. Well discharge ranged from 1 to 250 gal/min. A well discharge of 350 gal/min was reported from well 33-090-26bdc01, which is located near Gas Hills. Two springs near the east border of the county, 33-090-28abb01 (near Gas Hills) and 37-089-ISadaOl (near Moneta), had discharges estimated at 2 gal/min. Thirteen wells that are listed in table 16 were flowing at the time of inventory. One well (38-090-llcaaOl) was reported as flowing in June 1965. Depth to water in other wells ranged from 1.00 to 533.0 ft below land surface.
Mesczoic Rocks
Sixteen geologic units within Mesozoic rocks are shown on plate 1. Inventoried sites in Mesozoic rocks during this or previous studies consist of the Mesaverde Formation, Cody Shale, Frontier Formation, Mowry Shale, Thermopolis Shale, and Cloverly Formation, all of Cretaceous age; the Morrison, Sundance, and Gypsum Spring Formations of Jurassic age; the Nugget Sandstone of Jurassic(?)-Triassic (?) age; and the Chugwater Formation of Triassic age. Forty-five wells completed in and 14 springs issuing from these geologic units are listed in table 16.
Geologic units with 10 or more inventoried sites in table 16 are the Cody Shale and the Frontier and Chugwater Formations. The Cody Shale occurs at depth throughout the center of the Wind River Basin and crops out in bands along structural features north of Beaver Divide in the east central part of the county, along the Wind River Range from northwest of Sweetwater Station to northwest of Ethete, and in the Absaroka Range. Small areas of Cody Shale crop out in the extreme southern part of the county south of Sweetwater Station and Jeffrey City. Because the Cody Shale is composed of shale, siltstone, and fine-grained sandstone materials that typically have poor water-bearing and water-yielding characteristics the Cody Shale usually is identified as a confining layer on a regional scale. However, where large pumping rates are not required, water from the Cody Shale may be used locally for livestock and in some places even for domestic supplies. Eleven wells that are completed in the Cody Shale were inventoried during this or previous investigations (table 16). Well depth ranged from 45 to 403 ft. Five of the wells listed in table 16 were unused. Water from four of the wells was used for livestock. Well discharge ranged from 9.0 to 15 gal/min. No springs were identified as issuing from the Cody Shale during this or previous investigations. Well 31-096-05bda01, located northwest of Sweetwater Station, was flowing in June 1991. Other water levels ranged from 2.50 to 32.00 ft below land surface. Deeper water levels (235 and 360 ft below land surface) were reported in 1963 for three wells north of Sand Draw (34-094-27cd01, 34-095-25baa01, and 35-095-25aaa01).
The Frontier Formation also occurs at depth throughout the center of the Wind River Basin and crops out in association with the Cody Shale in the areas previously described. The Frontier Formation is composed of sandstone and shale (Love and Christiansen, 1985, sheet 2). Typically, the Frontier Formation has poor water bearing and -yielding materials, but locally wells and springs may yield enough water for stock and domestic supplies. Fourteen wells and four springs were inventoried during this and previous investigations. Well depth ranged from 53 to 4,680 ft. Water from most wells and springs that are listed in table 16 was used for stock and domestic supplies. Well discharge ranged from 4 to 40 gal/min. Two springs, 31-098-28dcb01 and 33-099-35cac01, discharged 4 and 2.5 gal/min, respectively. Two wells, lS-lW-08ccb01 and 32-099-16dcc01, were flowing at the time of inventory. Other static water levels ranged from 0.70 to 30.00 ft below land surface.
The Chugwater Formation crops out in a band that mainly extends from northwest to southeast along the Wind River Range and in the Absaroka Range. The Chugwater Formation is composed of siltstone and shale (Love and Christiansen, 1985, sheet 2). Six wells listed in table 16 are completed in the Chugwater Formation in or near its outcrop area. Well discharge measured in well !S-2W-26ada01 was 9.0 gal/min. Springs may discharge small (less than 50 gal/min) to moderate (50-300 gal/min) supplies (table 16). Spring 33-094-26ddb01, located east of Sand Draw, discharged 60 gal/min in June 1991.
GROUND WATER 37
Paleozoic Rocks
Paleozoic rocks in Fremont County include the Goose Egg Formation of Triassic and Permian age; the Phosphoria Formation and related rocks of Permian age; the Casper Formation of Permian to Pennsylvanian age; the Tensleep Sandstone of Permian to Pennsylvanian age; the Amsden Formation of Pennsylvanian to Mississippian age; the Madison Limestone of Mississippian age; the Darby Formation of Devonian age; the Bighorn Dolomite of Ordovician age; and the Gallatin Limestone, Gros Ventre Formation, and Flathead Sandstone of Cambrian age (table 15). Paleozoic rocks inventoried consists of the Phosphoria Formation and related rocks, Tensleep Sandstone, Madison Limestone, Bighorn Dolomite, Cambrian rocks, and the Flathead Sandstone. Twenty-three wells that are completed in and 18 springs that issue from Paleozoic rocks are listed in table 16.
Geologic units with 10 or more inventoried sites consist of the Phosphoria Formation and related rocks, the Tensleep Sandstone, and the Madison Limestone. These units mainly crop out northwest to southeast in a band along the flank of the Wind River Range. The Phosphoria Formation and related rocks contains shale, sandstone, and dolomite (Love and Christiansen, 1985, sheet 2). Six wells listed in table 16 are completed in the Phosphoria Formation and related rocks in or near its outcrop area. Well depth ranged from 80 to 5,450 ft. Water from most of the wells and springs listed in table 16 was used for livestock purposes. Well discharge ranged from 1.0 to 900 gal/min. The discharge measured at two springs, 30-099-03cdd01 and 31-098-24dcd01, was 16 and 260 gal/min, respectively in 1990. Three wells completed in the Phosphoria Formation and related rocks were flowing at the time of inventory. Measured and reported depth to water in three other wells was less than 40 ft below land surface.
According to Love and Christiansen (1985, sheet 2), the Tensleep Sandstone is a "white to gray sandstone containing thin limestone and dolomite beds." Wells completed in the Tensleep Sandstone usually are located in or near the outcrop area. Well depth ranged from 450 to 6,590 ft. Well discharge ranged from 14 to 625 gal/min. Two wells flowed and one was reported to flow at the time of inventory. Depth to water in three other wells was reported to be 30 ft or less below land surface. Water from the Tensleep Sandstone was used for industrial, domestic, irrigation, and public supply. Some wells were unused. Discharge from Washakie Mineral Hot Spring was 332 gal/min in October 1989. The Washakie Mineral Hot Spring (!S-lW-02aad01), which is located west of Fort Washakie, is a thermal spring that was used for recreation.
The Madison Limestone is composed of limestone and dolomite (Love and Christiansen, 1985, sheet 2). Seven wells are completed in the Madison Limestone in or near the outcrop area. Well depth ranged from 1,400 to 4,210 ft. Water from wells and springs was used for commercial, domestic, irrigation, industrial, and stock purposes; two springs were unused. Well discharge ranged from 10 to 500 gal/min. In 1990, well 2N-lW-18ccc01 was reported to discharge 700 gal/min. Spring discharge ranged from 7 to 94 gal/min. Three wells were flowing when inventoried for this study, and the water level in two other wells was reported to be 446 and 496 ft below land surface.
Precambrian Rocks
Nine geologic units shown on plate 1 are identified as Precambrian rocks. During this and previous studies, these geologic units were not subdivided but were simply identified as Precambrian rocks. These geologic units include granitic, intrusive, metasedimentary, and metavolcanic rocks. Precambrian rocks crop out mainly in the center of the Wind River and Absaroka Ranges and the Bridger Mountains. One well that was completed in and 18 springs that issued from these units are listed in table 16. Well depth, discharge, or water level was not reported for the well listed in table 16. The water from most of the springs and the well was used for livestock purposes. Spring discharge ranged from 0.5 to 297 gal/min.
38 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Recharge. Movement, and Discharge
Geologic units in Fremont County are recharged by one or a combination of the following sources: (1) precipitation that infiltrates the geologic unit in its outcrop area, (2) infiltration of surface water, (3) infiltration of irrigation water, and (4) leakage from another geologic unit either from above or below. Almost all of the geologic units, from the youngest to the oldest, are recharged by precipitation. In the Riverton Reclamation Withdrawal Area, Morris and others (1959, p. 47) noted that "precipitation is not an important direct source of ground-water recharge" to the ground-water reservoir (primarily the Wind River Formation) as compared to other sources because "precipitation generally is rapidly absorbed by the soil or is rapidly evaporated directly from the surface." Where streams flow over a geologic unit's outcrop area and when the water level in the stream is higher than the water level in the geologic unit, a stream may lose some of its flow to the geologic unit. The potential for this type of recharge to geologic units from Cretaceous to Cambrian age occurs mainly along the flanks of the Wind River Range where perennial streams like the Wind, Little Wind, and Popo Agie Rivers flow across them. Recharge to the Wind River Formation by infiltration of irrigation water is documented by Morris and others (1959, p. 47-49) and McGreevy and others (1969, p. 112 and 122). Recharge by irrigation water also occurs in terrace deposits along the Wind River near Dubois (Whitcomb and Lowry, 1968, p. 3). Previous investigators have not quantified leakage from one geologic unit to another, but several have noted the occurrence of leakage (Richter, 1981, p. 84 and Whitcomb and Lowry, 1968, p. 3 and 6).
Ground-water movement is controlled by the location of recharge and discharge areas and by the thickness and permeability of the geologic unit. Primary permeability is a function of the grain size, sorting, and cementation between grains. Secondary permeability created by fracturing and dissolution also is an important factor controlling ground-water movement. Fractures along anticlines can provide important conduits for vertical and horizontal ground-water flow.
A contour map showing lines of equal water-level altitude represents a water table or potentiometric surface. Ground water moves downgradient in the direction perpendicular to the contour lines. Four water-level or potentiometric-surf ace maps for selected water-bearing units in parts of Fremont County have been published in four USGS publications: (1) Borchert, 1977, plate 1, (2) Borchert, 1987, sheet 1, (3) Morris and others, 1959, plate 3, and (4) Whitcomb and Lowry, 1968, sheet 2. Water-level contour maps of the Arikaree aquifer in the Sweetwater Basin show that the general direction of ground-water movement is toward the Sweetwater River (Borchert, 1977, pi. 1 and Borchert 1987, sheet 1). Streamflow measurements on the Sweetwater River in 1975 from the gaging station Sweetwater River near Sweetwater Station (site 126) to gaging station Sweetwater River near Alcova (located east of Fremont County near Pathfinder Reservoir) indicated that the reach of the Sweetwater River gained "17 ftVs, plus or minus 15 percent" (Borchert, 1977, p. 10). This finding is somewhat consistent with the streamflow measurements made during this study and discussed in the Streamflow Quality section of this report. In surficial Quaternary deposits near Midvale in 1950, water-table contours indicated that the direction of ground-water movement was related to the topography of the land surface (Morris and others, 1959, p. 50 and pi. 3). Water tables or potentiometric surfaces for other specific water-bearing units in Fremont County or the Wind River Basin have not been contoured. However, Whitcomb and Lowry (1968, sheet 2) contoured a water surface for selected wells and springs completed in or issuing from various water-bearing units throughout the Wind River Basin. They concluded that the general direction of ground-water movement in the Wind River Basin is toward the Wind River.
Ground water is discharged through pumped wells and is naturally discharged by springs and seeps, by evapotranspiration, and by discharge to streams, lakes, drains, and other geologic units. Springs and seeps occur when the water table intersects the land surface. This occurs as the result of changes in lithology within a geologic unit or between geologic units, faults and fractures, and topography. Evaporation from soil and transpiration by plants can be important processes for the removal of water from geologic units. Ground water also is discharged by evaporation and transpiration when the water table is close to the land surface, which most likely occurs in the alluvium near streams. Although losses by evapotranspiration were not accounted for, Morris and others (1959, p. 48) cited the annual loss of water from the Riverton Reclamation Withdrawal Area to the geologic unit below the irrigated area ranged from 100,000 to 150,000 acre-ft of water. Discharge to streams, lakes, and drains from geologic units including the alluvium, occurs when the water-surface gradient in the geologic unit is above and sloping toward the stream, lake, or drain.
GROUND WATER 39
When a geologic unit such as the Wind River Formation has a large, exposed surface area, the unit is more likely to be developed by wells and thus discharge more ground water than other geologic units for two main reasons: (1) potential for more recharge by precipitation, and (2) the geologic unit is the shallowest unit to be penetrated by a drill bit. One of the most intensive ground-water withdrawal areas in the Wind River Formation is near the Riverton municipal well field. "Pumpage from the Riverton well field (11 wells 500 to 600 feet deep) in 1965 was 493,240,000 gallons" (Whitcomb and Lowry, 1968, p. 4). At that time, water from the well field was Riverton's sole water supply. McGreevy and others (1969, p. 123 and 127) attributed the water-level decline in the Wind River Formation from 1951 to 1966 to increased ground-water pumping (fig. 8).
Although ground-water pumpage data for the Riverton municipal well field are not available, total pumpage was reduced in 1981. The City of Riverton began operating a surface-water treatment plant in the spring of 1981 (Ron E. Saban, Chief Operator, City of Riverton Water Systems, written commun., July 13, 1994). The water-level rise in 1983 in well !N-4E-33ddb01 could be due to the decreased ground-water pumping in 1981 and 1982 from the Riverton well field (fig. 9).
In addition to the decreased ground-water pumpage in 1981, the pumping scheme for wells in the Riverton well field changed. Operation of the new surface-water treatment plant allowed the City of Riverton to reduce the ground-water pumpage in its well field during the summer to volumes that supplement the surface-water treatment plant "at times of very high demand" (Ron E. Saban, Chief Operator, City of Riverton Water Systems, written commun., July 13, 1994). The new pumping scheme changed the seasonal water-level fluctuations in well !N-4E-33ddb01. To illustrate this change, water-level measurements for a selected 1-year period prior to 1981 were compared to water-level measurements for a selected 1-year period after 1981 (fig. 10). The 1975 water-level hydrograph shows before 1981 that the water levels were deepest in August when the demand was greatest. The 1983 water-level hydrograph shows that after 1981 the water levels were deepest in the winter and spring (January through May), and the water levels were shallowest in the summer and early fall (June through October).
Discharge to wells and well yields have been discussed in several previous reports. For more detail on well yields from specific water-bearing units, the reader is referred to McGreevy and others, 1969,113-149; Morris and others, 1959, p. 23-41 and 56-70; Richter, 1981, p. 46-88; and Whitcomb and Lowry, 1968, p. 2-7.
Water-Level Changes
Water levels measured in a geologic unit or aquifer of interest are an important factor for analyzing the hydraulic properties of the geologic unit/aquifer. Water-level data are used to indicate rate and direction of ground-water flow, to indicate areas of recharge and discharge, and to evaluate the effects of human-induced and natural stresses on the ground-water system (U.S. Department of the Interior, 1977, p. 2-1 to 2-2). Water-level changes indicate changes in recharge or discharge. A specific cause of water-level changes is difficult to determine because aquifer systems are dynamic, and the water-level changes in a geologic unit or aquifer are many. In general, however, a decline in water level could indicate: (1) decreased recharge due to decreased precipitation, (2) decreased streamflow in the area of recharge, (3) discharge from pumping or flowing wells, or 4) a combination of any of the above. Conversely, an increase in water level could indicate: (1) increased recharge due to increased precipitation, (2) increased streamflow in the area of recharge, (3) decreased well discharge, or (4) a combination of any of the above. Other analyses of water-bearing/aquifer characteristics using ground-water-level changes are listed by the U.S. Department of the Interior, 1977, p. 2-2.
Water levels in selected wells in Fremont County have been measured as part of a cooperative program between the USGS and other local, State, and Federal agencies since about 1940. Observation wells were selected in areas known to have ground-water problems, usually due to large withdrawals for irrigation or municipal purposes. The earliest continuous water-level measurements in the county (either by hand measure ments or by digital recorder) were in 1942 from a well (34-098-32baa01) completed in Quaternary alluvium and colluvium near Lander (Ringen, 1973, p. 70). Water-level measurements for 1942-71 at 163 wells in Fremont County are tabulated in a report by Ringen (1973, p. 70-119). Most of the wells listed in this report are located in the Riverton Reclamation Withdrawal Area and are completed in Quaternary alluvium and colluvium or the
40 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
LU
O
<
LL
DC
ID
CO Q I
LU
GO
h-
LLI
LLI
DC
LLI I t LLI
Q
20 40 60 80 100
120
140
No
reco
rd
160
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
! I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
! I
I
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
Figu
re 8
. In
term
itten
t (1
951-
73)
and
min
imum
dai
ly (
1974
-87)
wat
er le
vels
in w
ell
1 N-4
E-3
3ddb
01,
(com
plet
ed in
the
Win
d R
iver
For
mat
ion
near
Riv
erto
n, W
yom
ing)
.
AINHOO JLNOWadd dO S3OdnOS3d U3JLVM Zfr
DEPTH TO WATER, IN FEET BELOW LAND SURFACE
^(QO co ^ 3 »
-Q (O
(D ^ Q. 25'3
~ CD
<D 2
?s3 50) O) * sf
§z3 ®S i. =i CO
Iq CO 5. co
(O 00
(O
COQ. Q. CT O
< <ife RSI Q
LJJ -I °£
IS2 UJZ "
40
60
80
100
120
? 140
160
40
J_______I______I_______I_______I_______I_______|_______|_______I_______I
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct1975
Nov Dec
^ 60> LL> cc oI QtiLJJ -J °£
19
80
100
120
No record
? 140
160Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
1983 Figure 10. Minimum daily water levels in well 1N-4E-33ddb01.
GROUND WATER 43
Wind River Formation. Twelve other wells have been monitored either intermittently or continuously from 1948 to the present (1994). These wells were completed in either Quaternary alluvium and colluvium, the Arikaree Formation, or the Wind River Formation. Currently, water levels are measured in only one well (!N-4E-28acc01) in Fremont County. It is located near Riverton and is completed in the Wind River Formation. Water-level data and hydrographs for all 12 wells may be found in 12 previous reports of ground-water levels, compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (Ringen, 1973 and 1974; Ballance and Freudenthal, 1975, 1976, and 1977; Stevens, 1978: Ragsdale, 1982; Ragsdale and Oberender, 1985; Kennedy and Oberender, 1987; Kennedy and Green, 1988, 1990, and 1992).
Long-term ground-water-level fluctuations in parts of Fremont County were discussed in two previous reports: Morris and others (1959, p. 43-46) and McGreevy and others (1969, p. 122-123). Water levels were measured in numerous wells throughout the Riverton Reclamation Withdrawal Area "to determine the type and magnitude of water-level fluctuations in the aquifers of the report area..." (Morris and others, 1959, p. 44). Water levels mostly were measured in wells completed in the Wind River Formation. The effect of irrigation recharge was observed in wells that reflected water-table conditions. Generally, water levels would rise after the start of the irrigation season followed by a decline in water levels after the irrigation season (Morris and others, 1959, p. 46). The effect of large withdrawals of water from an artesian aquifer (the Wind River Formation) that is constantly being recharged was observed in two deep wells that were "within the radius of influence of the Riverton city wells." Lower water levels were related to the period when water demands were greatest (usually August). When water demands would decrease (usually the winter), water levels would rise (Morris and others, 1959, p. 46).
McGreevy and others (1969, p. 123) also studied water-level fluctuations in one of the same deep wells that Morris did (well !N-4E-33ddb01, which is completed in a confined layer of the Wind River Formation and is located within the radius of influence of the Riverton municipal well field). Lower water levels in 1966 compared to water levels in 1951 were interpreted to be a result of an increase in pumpage at the Riverton municipal well field. Although pumpage from the Riverton municipal well field was not evaluated for this report, water levels measured from 1966 to 1987 (fig. 8) show periods, over the long term, of decline and recovery. For further interpretation of water-level changes in this well, the reader is referred to the Recharge, Movement, and Discharge section of this report.
WATER USE
The most recent water-use estimates for Fremont County were compiled in 1990 by the USGS in cooperation with other State and local agencies. Estimates of total offstream water use and instream water use are presented in table 5. Solley and others (1993, p. vi) define offstream water use as water withdrawn or diverted from a ground-water or surface-water source, which is conveyed to the place of use. It may also be referred to as off-channel use or withdrawal use. Instream use is defined as water used, but not withdrawn from a ground-water or surface-water source. It may also be referred to as in-channel use or nonwithdrawal use (Solley and others, 1993, p. v). Several estimation techniques were used to compile these data. Seven categories of water use, divided into ground-water and surface-water sources, are reported for offstream water use, and hydroelectric power is reported for instream water use (table 5).
The largest offstream use of water in Fremont County was irrigation. Irrigation water use includes all water applied to farmland, horticultural crops, and orchards. To determine the amount of irrigation water used, Wyoming's soil conservation districts were queried. The amount being withdrawn within each district and the sources of water were supplied by the soil conservation districts. In Fremont County, virtually all of the water used for irrigation was withdrawn from surface-water sources. An estimated 586 Mgal/d was used in the county for irrigation purposes in 1990.
The second-largest offstream water-use category was public supply. Public supply is water withdrawn or diverted by public and private suppliers, then delivered to the users. Most of the water in this category was used for domestic purposes, with small quantities being delivered to commercial and industrial users. Public suppliers were queried to determine the amount of water being supplied. The population served, as well as the
44 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Table 5. Estimated water use in 1990 in Fremont County, Wyoming
[values may not add due to independent Founding]
Units in million gallons per day
Offstream useIrrigation
Public supply
Mining
Domestic
Livestock
Industrial
Commercial
Totals
Surface water586
3.9
.4
.1
.8
.2
.1
592
Ground water
0.0
2.5
1.7
1.1
.2
.3
.1
5.9
Total
586
6.5
2.1
1.1
1.0
.4
.2
598
Instream use
Hydroelectric 672
amount withdrawn from ground water or surface water, was reported by the public suppliers. The water supplied for Fremont County was determined by summing the quantities for all of the municipalities within the county. An estimated 2.5 Mgal/d was supplied by public suppliers daily from ground-water sources and 3.9 Mgal/d from surface-water sources for a total of 6.5 Mgal/d in 1990.
Mining water use includes water used for extraction of coal, minerals (quarrying, milling, and mine operations), petroleum, and natural gas. Mining water use withdrawals, except for coal, were estimated using water-use coefficients developed by the U.S. Bureau of Mines (Quan, 1988). Coefficients for coal mining were obtained from a Colorado Energy Research Institute (1981) publication describing effects of energy development on water use. Mineral extraction in Fremont County was determined using distribution data (Geological Survey of Wyoming, 1990). Petroleum and natural gas withdrawals were determined using records of taxable oil production for Fremont County from the Wyoming Department of Administration and Fiscal Control (1987). The total water used for each mining operation was calculated by multiplying the amount of mineral, coal, petroleum or natural gas by their respective coefficients. For Fremont County, an estimated 1.7 Mgal/d was withdrawn from ground-water sources and 0.4 Mgal/d from surface-water sources for mining purposes in 1990. A total of 2.1 Mgal/d was used by mining in 1990.
Water for domestic use includes water used for household purposes such as drinking, bathing, preparing food, watering lawns and gardens, and washing clothes and dishes. To determine the domestic self-supplied population of a county, the total population being served by public suppliers was subtracted from the 1990 total population of the county. The self-supplied population was multiplied by a coefficient of 75 gal/d per person to determine the total amount of water used. The total water used was divided into ground and surface water; 5 percent was assumed to be surface water and 95 percent to be ground water. A total of 1.1 Mgal/d was used by domestic users in 1990.
Water used in the livestock category includes water used for the production of red meat, poultry, eggs, milk, and wool. The number of cattle and calves, milk cows, and sheep as well as the amount of water consumed per day by each particular animal, was determined from 1990 Wyoming Agricultural Statistics (Wyoming Agricultural Statistics Service, 1990). The estimated amount of water used by each animal category was calculated by multiplying the amount consumed per day by the particular animal by the population of that animal in the county. The total amount of water used within the county for livestock was then determined by taking the sum of the amounts determined for each animal category. Chickens and goats were assumed to have
WATER USE 45
no significant water consumption. The total amount was then divided assuming that 80 percent was from surface-water sources and that the remaining 20 percent was derived from ground-water sources. A total of 1.0 Mgal/d was used by livestock in 1990.
Water withdrawn by industry is used for such purposes as washing and cooling, fabrication, and processing. It is used in industries such as steel, chemical and allied products, paper and allied products, and mining and petroleum refining (Solley and others, 1993). Statewide industrial water-use estimates were calculated using coefficients obtained from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (1988) and employment data available from the State of Wyoming (J.C. Rhodes, State of Wyoming, Department of Employment, oral commun., 1990). County water-use estimates were calculated by multiplying the statewide estimates by the percentage of the State's population within the county. An assumed breakdown of 40 percent surface water and 60 percent ground water was then applied at the county level. A total of 0.4 Mgal/d was used by industry in 1990.
Commercial water use represents the smallest water-use category in the county. Commercial use includes water used in restaurants, motels, hotels, businesses, office buildings, and other commercial facilities. It was assumed that 90 percent of all commercial water was supplied by public suppliers. Therefore, commercial water use was accounted for under the public supply category as well. Publicly supplied commercial water use was reported by the public suppliers. The self-supplied commercial water use was assumed to be about 10 percent of the publicly supplied commercial use. The water used was assumed to be 45 percent surface water and 55 percent ground water. A total of 0.2 Mgal/d was used for commercial purposes in 1990.
Hydroelectric power generation was the only user of instream water in Fremont County. Hydroelectric power generation plants use falling water to drive turbine generators. Instream water use is defined as water that is used in the process, but is never withdrawn from the source. Two hydroelectric power plants, Boysen and Pilot Butte (pi. 3), were contacted to obtain actual water-use numbers. The total instream water use for Fremont County was 672 Mgal/d in 1990.
WATER QUALITY
Water quality refers to biological, chemical, and physical characteristics of a water sample relative to a standard defined for drinking water or water use. Biological water quality is determined by the number and types of organisms, both plant and animal, living in water and is generally restricted to surface water. Only limited biological data have been collected for streams in the county; therefore, biological water quality is not described here. A general discussion of the chemical and physical characteristics of surface water and ground water follows. For a more thorough discussion of the biological, chemical, and physical characteristics of water, the reader is referred to Hem (1985) or Freeze and Cherry (1979).
The chemical characteristics of surface and ground water are related to the organic and inorganic materials dissolved and suspended in the water. These dissolved and suspended materials are derived from the rocks and sediment with which the water has been in contact and from materials introduced into the hydrologic environment by human and animal activities. Surface-water quality is dependent on the water source and the exposure of the water to soluble material between the source and the sampling site. Ground-water quality is related to the chemical composition of the rocks composing the geologic units through which the water travels. Water temperature, the duration of contact with the rocks, and the rate of movement of the water also will affect the chemical quality of ground water. The source or cause and significance of common dissolved-mineral constituents found in surface and ground water are summarized in table 6.
Inorganic materials in water are classified by the size of the particles, and are either dissolved solids or paniculate material. Paniculate material can be filtered from water, whereas dissolved solids require more sophisticated techniques for removal, such as reverse osmosis. Materials that will pass through a 0.45-micrometer (|J.m) membrane filter are classified as dissolved solids, and particles that will not pass through such a filter are classified as paniculate materials (Hem, 1985, p. 60).
46 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Tabl
e 6.
S
ourc
e or
cau
se a
nd s
igni
fican
ce o
f dis
solv
ed-m
iner
al c
onst
ituen
ts a
nd p
hysi
cal p
rope
rties
of w
ater
(mod
ified
fro
m P
opki
n, 1
973,
p. 8
5)
[US/
cm, m
icro
siem
ens
per c
entim
eter
at 2
5 de
gree
s C
elsi
us; m
g/L
, mill
igra
ms
per
liter
; Ug/
L, m
icro
gram
s pe
r lite
r]
Con
stitu
ent o
r pr
oper
tySo
urce
or
caus
eSi
gnifi
canc
e
Spec
ific
cond
ucta
nce
I m 3) O
PH Har
dnes
s as
cal
cium
ca
rbon
ate
(CaC
O3)
Cal
cium
(C
a) a
nd
mag
nesi
um (
Mg)
Sodi
um (N
a) a
nd
pota
ssiu
m (
K)
Bic
arbo
nate
(H
CO
3) a
nd
carb
onat
e (C
O3)
Sulf
ate
(SO
4)
Chl
orid
e (C
l)
Min
eral
con
tent
of t
he w
ater
.
Aci
ds, a
cid-
gene
ratin
g sa
lts, a
nd f
ree
carb
on d
ioxi
de
low
er th
e pH
. C
arbo
nate
s, b
icar
bona
tes,
hyd
roxi
des,
ph
osph
ates
, sili
cate
s, a
nd b
erat
es r
aise
the
pH.
In m
ost w
ater
s ne
arly
all
the
hard
ness
is d
ue to
cal
cium
an
d m
agne
sium
. A
ll m
etal
lic c
atio
ns o
ther
than
the
alka
li m
etal
s al
so c
ause
har
dnes
s.
Dis
solv
ed f
rom
pra
ctic
ally
all
soil
and
rock
s, b
ut
espe
cial
ly f
rom
lim
esto
ne, d
olom
ite, a
nd g
ypsu
m.
Cal
cium
and
mag
nesi
um a
re d
etec
ted
in la
rge
quan
titie
s in
som
e br
ines
. M
agne
sium
is p
rese
nt in
lar
ge q
uant
ities
in
sea
wat
er.
Dis
solv
ed f
rom
pra
ctic
ally
all
rock
s an
d so
il; a
lso
in
anci
ent b
rine
s, s
eaw
ater
, ind
ustr
ial b
rine
s, a
nd s
ewag
e.
Act
ion
of c
arbo
n di
oxid
e in
wat
er o
n ca
rbon
ate
rock
s su
ch a
s lim
esto
ne a
nd d
olom
ite.
Dis
solv
ed f
rom
rock
s an
d so
il co
ntai
ning
gyp
sum
, iro
n su
lfid
es, a
nd o
ther
sul
fur c
ompo
unds
. C
omm
only
pre
sent
in
min
e w
ater
and
in s
ome
indu
stri
al w
aste
s.
Dis
solv
ed f
rom
rock
s an
d so
il. P
rese
nt in
sew
age
and
foun
d in
lar
ge c
once
ntra
tions
in a
ncie
nt b
rine
s, s
eaw
ater
, an
d in
dust
rial
bri
nes.
Indi
cate
s de
gree
of m
iner
aliz
atio
n.
Spec
ific
cond
ucta
nce
is a
mea
sure
of t
he c
apac
ity
of th
e w
ater
to c
ondu
ct a
n el
ectr
ic c
urre
nt.
Var
ies
with
tem
pera
ture
, con
cent
ratio
n,
and
degr
ee o
f ion
izat
ion
of th
e co
nstit
uent
s.
pH is
a m
easu
re o
f the
act
ivity
of t
he h
ydro
gen
ions
. A
pH
of 7
.0 in
dica
tes
neut
ralit
y of
a s
olut
ion.
Val
ues
high
er th
an 7
.0 d
enot
e in
crea
sing
alk
alin
ity;
valu
es lo
wer
than
7.
0 in
dica
te in
crea
sing
aci
dity
. C
orro
sive
ness
of
wat
er g
ener
ally
incr
ease
s w
ith
decr
easi
ng p
H.
How
ever
, exc
essi
vely
alk
alin
e w
ater
may
als
o at
tack
met
als.
Con
sum
es s
oap
befo
re a
lath
er w
ill f
orm
and
dep
osits
soa
p cu
rd o
n ba
thtu
bs.
Har
d w
ater
form
s sc
ale
in b
oile
rs, w
ater
hea
ters
, and
pip
es.
Har
dnes
s eq
uiva
lent
to o
r les
s th
an th
e bi
carb
onat
e an
d ca
rbon
ate
conc
entr
atio
n is
cal
led
carb
onat
e ha
rdne
ss.
Any
ha
rdne
ss in
exc
ess
of th
is is
cal
led
nonc
arbo
nate
har
dnes
s. W
ater
with
har
dnes
s of
60
mg/
L o
r les
s is
con
side
red
soft;
61
to 1
20 m
g/L
, mod
erat
ely
hard
; 12
1 to
180
mg/
L,
hard
; mor
e th
an 1
80 m
g/L
, ver
y ha
rd.
Cau
ses
mos
t of t
he h
ardn
ess
and
scal
e-fo
rmin
g pr
oper
ties
of w
ater
; so
ap c
onsu
min
g (s
ee h
ardn
ess)
. W
ater
low
in c
alci
um a
nd m
agne
sium
is d
esir
ed in
ele
ctro
plat
ing,
ta
nnin
g, d
yein
g, a
nd in
text
ile m
anuf
actu
ring
.
Lar
ge c
once
ntra
tions
, in
com
bina
tion
with
chl
orid
e, g
ive
a sa
lty ta
ste.
Mod
erat
e co
ncen
trat
ions
hav
e lit
tle e
ffec
t on
the
usef
ulne
ss o
f wat
er fo
r mos
t pur
pose
s. S
odiu
m
salts
may
cau
se fo
amin
g in
ste
am b
oile
rs.
A la
rge
sodi
um c
once
ntra
tion
may
lim
it th
e us
e of
wat
er f
or ir
riga
tion.
Bic
arbo
nate
and
car
bona
te p
rodu
ce a
lkal
inity
. B
icar
bona
tes
of c
alci
um a
nd
mag
nesi
um d
ecom
pose
in s
team
boi
lers
and
hot
-wat
er f
acili
ties
to f
orm
sca
le a
nd
rele
ase
corr
osiv
e ca
rbon
dio
xide
gas
. In
com
bina
tion
with
cal
cium
and
mag
nesi
um,
caus
e ca
rbon
ate
hard
ness
.
Sulf
ate
in w
ater
con
tain
ing
calc
ium
for
ms
hard
sca
le in
ste
am b
oile
rs.
In la
rge
conc
entr
atio
ns, s
ulfa
te in
com
bina
tion
with
oth
er io
ns g
ives
bitt
er ta
ste
to w
ater
, and
m
ay h
ave
a la
xativ
e ef
fect
on
som
e pe
ople
. So
me
calc
ium
sul
fate
is c
onsi
dere
d be
nefi
cial
in th
e br
ewin
g pr
oces
s.
In la
rge
conc
entr
atio
ns in
com
bina
tion
with
sod
ium
, giv
es s
alty
tast
e to
dri
nkin
g w
ater
. In
lar
ge c
once
ntra
tions
incr
ease
s th
e co
rros
iven
ess
of w
ater
.
Tabl
e 6.
S
ourc
e or
cau
se a
nd s
igni
fican
ce o
f dis
solv
ed-m
iner
al c
onst
ituen
ts a
nd p
hysi
cal p
rope
rtie
s of
wat
er-C
ontin
ued
I m 3>
3J m (/> O c 3>
O m 3J m
O H
O
O
Con
stitu
ent o
r pr
oper
tyS
ourc
e or
cau
seS
igni
fican
ce
Fluo
ride
(F)
Silic
a (S
i02)
Iron
(Fe
)
Dis
solv
ed s
olid
s
Nitr
ate
(NO
3)
Bor
on (
B)
Phos
phat
e (P
O4)
Dis
solv
ed in
min
ute
to s
mal
l con
cent
ratio
ns f
rom
mos
t ro
cks
and
soil.
Add
ed to
mos
t wat
er b
y fl
uori
datio
n of
m
unic
ipal
sup
plie
s.
Dis
solv
ed fr
om p
ract
ical
ly a
ll ro
cks
and
soil,
com
mon
ly
less
than
30
mg/
L.
Lar
ge c
once
ntra
tions
, as
muc
h as
10
0 m
g/L
, gen
eral
ly o
ccur
in a
lkal
ine
wat
er.
Dis
solv
ed f
rom
pra
ctic
ally
all
rock
s an
d so
il. A
lso
may
be
der
ived
from
iron
pip
es, p
umps
, and
oth
er e
quip
men
t. M
ore
than
1 o
r 2 m
g/L
of i
ron
in s
urfa
ce w
ater
gen
eral
ly
indi
cate
s ac
id w
aste
s fr
om m
ine
drai
nage
or o
ther
so
urce
s.
Chi
efly
min
eral
con
stitu
ents
dis
solv
ed f
rom
rock
s an
d so
il.
Dec
ayin
g or
gani
c m
atte
r, se
wag
e, f
ertil
izer
s, a
nd n
itrat
es
in s
oil.
Foun
d in
igne
ous
rock
s su
ch a
s to
urm
alin
e, g
rani
tic ro
cks
and
pegm
atite
s. S
odiu
m te
trab
orat
e (b
orax
) is
a w
idel
y us
ed c
lean
ing
agen
t, he
nce,
bor
on m
ay b
e pr
esen
t in
sew
age
and
indu
stri
al w
aste
s.1
Com
mon
ele
men
t in
igne
ous
rock
s an
d m
arin
e se
dim
ents
. A
com
pone
nt o
f ani
mal
met
abol
ic w
aste
.1
Fluo
ride
in d
rink
ing
wat
er re
duce
s th
e in
cide
nce
of to
oth
deca
y w
hen
the
wat
er is
co
nsum
ed d
urin
g th
e pe
riod
of e
nam
el c
alci
fica
tion.
How
ever
, it m
ay c
ause
mot
tling
of
the
teet
h, d
epen
ding
on
the
conc
entr
atio
n of
fluo
ride,
the
age
of th
e ch
ild, q
uant
ity
of d
rink
ing
wat
er c
onsu
med
, and
sus
cept
ibili
ty o
f the
indi
vidu
al.
Form
s ha
rd s
cale
in p
ipes
and
boi
lers
. T
rans
port
ed in
ste
am o
f hig
h-pr
essu
re b
oile
rs
to f
orm
dep
osits
on
blad
es o
f tur
bine
s. I
nhib
its d
eter
iora
tion
of z
eolit
e-ty
pe w
ater
so
ften
ers.
On
expo
sure
to a
ir, ir
on in
gro
und
wat
er o
xidi
zes
to r
eddi
sh-b
row
n pr
ecip
itate
. M
ore
than
abo
ut 0
.3 m
g/L
sta
ins
laun
dry
and
uten
sils
red
dish
-bro
wn.
Obj
ectio
nabl
e fo
r fo
od p
roce
ssin
g, te
xtile
pro
cess
ing,
bev
erag
es, i
ce m
anuf
actu
ring
, bre
win
g, a
nd o
ther
pr
oces
ses.
Lar
ger
quan
titie
s ca
use
unpl
easa
nt ta
ste
and
favo
r gro
wth
of i
ron
bact
eria
.
Wat
er c
onta
inin
g m
ore
than
1,0
00 m
g/L
dis
solv
ed s
olid
s is
uns
uita
ble
for m
any
purp
oses
.
Con
cent
ratio
n m
uch
grea
ter t
han
the
loca
l ave
rage
may
indi
cate
con
tam
inat
ion.
Wat
er
with
larg
e ni
trat
e co
ncen
trat
ions
has
bee
n re
port
ed to
be
the
caus
e of
m
ethe
mog
lobi
nem
ia (
an o
ften
fata
l di
seas
e in
infa
nts)
and
ther
efor
e sh
ould
not
be
used
in in
fant
feed
ing.
Nitr
ate
has
been
sho
wn
to b
e he
lpfu
l in
redu
cing
in
terc
ryst
allin
e cr
acki
ng o
f boi
ler
stee
l. It
enc
oura
ges
grow
th o
f alg
ae a
nd o
ther
or
gani
sms
that
pro
duce
und
esir
able
tast
es a
nd o
dors
.
Smal
l co
ncen
trat
ions
are
ess
entia
l to
plan
t gro
wth
, but
may
be
toxi
c to
cro
ps w
hen
pres
ent i
n ex
cess
ive
conc
entr
atio
ns in
irri
gatio
n w
ater
or i
n so
il. S
ensi
tive
plan
ts
show
dam
age
whe
n ir
riga
tion
wat
er c
onta
ins
mor
e th
at 6
70 |i
g/L
, and
eve
n to
lera
nt
plan
ts m
ay b
e da
mag
ed w
hen
boro
n ex
ceed
s 2,
000
H-g/
L.
Ess
entia
l to
plan
t gro
wth
. Con
cent
ratio
ns g
reat
er th
an th
e lo
cal a
vera
ge m
ay in
dica
te
pollu
tion
by f
ertil
izer
s or
sew
age.
'Hem
, 19
85, p
. 12
6-12
9
Water can be classified into types on the basis of amount and type of ions present in a water sample. The dominant ions are the cation (positive charge) and anion (negative charge) having the largest concentration in milliequivalents per liter. For example, in a sodium sulfate-type water, sodium has the largest concentration of the cations present, and sulfate has the largest concentration of the anions present. If a water sample does not contain a dominant cation and anion, the water is classified as a mixture of the cations and anions having the largest concentrations. Modified Stiff diagrams often are used to visually display cation and anion data. A modified Stiff diagram uses three parallel, horizontal axes, extending to the left and right of a vertical zero line. The concentrations of the four most common cations sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium are plotted on the left on each of the three horizontal lines (sodium and potassium are plotted as one constituent). The five most common anions chloride, fluoride, sulfate, carbonate, and bicarbonate are plotted on the right on each of the three horizontal lines (chloride and fluoride, and carbonate and bicarbonate are plotted as one constituent). Modified Stiff diagrams are used to describe the type of water in Fremont County later in this report.
Physical characteristics of water commonly measured onsite during water-quality studies include water temperature, specific conductance, and pH. Temperature is an important controlling factor in many chemical processes; for example, the solubility of ions and the saturation levels of gases are affected by water temperature. The temperature of surface water typically is much more variable than the temperature of ground water. Surface-water temperatures are affected by local climatic factors and physical factors such as shading, stream depth, and proximity to reservoirs. Ground-water temperatures generally are a function of the depth of the geologic unit below the surface of the earth. Water in deep geologic units generally has higher temperatures than water in shallow geologic units.
Specific conductance is a measure of the ability of water to conduct an electrical current. It is expressed in microsiemens per centimeter (jiS/cm) at 25 degrees Celsius (°C), and is a function of the type and concentration of dissolved solids in the water. The concentration of the sum of dissolved solids, in mg/L, typically ranges from 55 to 75 percent of the specific conductance in |lS/cm (Hem, 1985, p. 67). This relation varies with the composition and concentration of dissolved ions.
The measure of the hydrogen activity in water is pH, which is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion concentration. This characteristic is dimensionless and typically ranges from 0 to 14. A pH greater than 7 indicates that the water is basic, whereas a pH less than 7 indicates that the water is acidic.
A description of the chemical and physical characteristics of water aids in evaluating its suitability for various uses. Water-quality standards for chemical constituents or properties that were adopted by the State of Wyoming and used for evaluating ground-water quality for domestic, agricultural, and livestock use are listed in table 7. Because of the variability of water quality at different sampling points and an insufficient number of samples analyzed from water in the county, water samples reported here are not classified as to suitability for specific uses. However, individual samples listed in tables in this report can be compared to the water-quality standards given in table 7.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1991a, b, and c) has established primary and secondary drinking-water regulations and health advisories pertinent to public drinking-water supplies (table 8). These Federal regulations specify maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) and secondary maximum contaminant levels (SMCLs). The MCLs are health related and legally enforceable. Although MCLs apply only to public drinking- water supplies, they are useful indicators of the suitability of water for human consumption. The SMCLs are for constituents that primarily affect the esthetic qualities of drinking water, and are not legally enforceable. For example, chloride at concentrations exceeding 250 mg/L may impart a bitter taste to water. Health advisories are guidance concentrations for constituents that would not cause adverse health effects over specified short periods for most people.
WATER QUALITY 49
Table 7. Wyoming ground-water quality standards for domestic, agricultural, and livestock use
(Modified from Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, 1993, p. 9)
[All constituent concentrations are in milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated. --, no established level; ug/L, micrograms per liter; °C, degrees Celsius]
Constituent or propertyAluminum (^ig/L)Arsenic (^ig/L)Barium (|ig/L)Boron (^ig/L)Cadmium (^ig/L)ChlorideChromium (^ig/L)Copper (^ig/L)FluorideIron (^ig/L)Lead Qig/L)
Manganese (^ig/L)Mercury (^ig/L)Nitrate + nitrite, as nitrogenSelenium (^ig/L)Silver (^ig/L)Sulfate
Dissolved solidspH, standard unitsSodium-adsorption ratio (no units)
Domestic use
--
501,000
75010
25050
1,000\\A-2A)
3005050
2--
1050
250500
(6.5-9.0)~
Agricultural use
5,000100-
75010
100100200
~
5,0005,000
200--
20-
2002,000
(4.5-9.0)8
Livestock use
5,000200-
5,00050
2,00050
500--
100~
.0510050~
3,0005,000
(6.5-8.5)~
'Dependent on the annual average of the maximum daily air temperature: 1.4 mg/L corresponds with temperature range of 26.3 to 32.5°C and 2.4 mg/L corresponds with a temperature of 12.0°C and below.
Quality Assurance and Control
During the course of the study of the water resources in Fremont County, quality assurance and quality control concepts and protocols were introduced to improve the quality of data collected and to assist in the interpretation of this data with regard to the overall project objectives. Quality control samples were collected to assess the adequacy of general water-quality sampling and analyzing practices and to pinpoint specific factors that may have produced discrepancies in the data. A formal quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) system was incorporated into USGS programs during the Fremont County investigation, but after most project field data had been collected. Although QA/QC principles were not in use throughout the entire project, addition of these techniques and protocols in the latter stages of this study assisted in interpretation of the data collected.
Quality Assurance
Quality assurance, with respect to this study, encompassed office, field, and laboratory processes. Office procedures, designed to improve the quality of data collected, included quarterly evaluation of project personnel using measurements of standard pH and specific-conductance samples from the USGS Quality Water Service Unit in Ocala, Florida. Calibration logs of thermometers and pH, specific conductance, and alkalinity measurement equipment were initiated and maintained. Increased emphasis was placed on proper completion
50 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Table 8. Selected maximum and secondary maximum contaminant levels for public drinking-water supplies[All constituent concentrations are in milligrams per liter unless otherwise indicated. , no established level; Hg/L, micrograms per liter]
Constituent or propertyInorganic:Arsenic (|ig/L)Barium (|ig/L)Cadmium (|ig/L)ChlorideChromium (|ig/L)Copper (^ig/L)FluorideIron (|ig/L)Lead (n-g/L)Manganese (M£/L)Mercury (M-g/L)Nitrate, as nitrogenSelenium (^ig/L)Silver (^ig/L)SulfateZinc ftig/L)Dissolved solidspH, standard unitsOrganic:2,4-DSilvexEndrinLindaneMethoxychlorToxaphene
Maximum contaminant level
'50
'1,00025
2 100
--24.0
-'50
--22
40250
-- ~~-
2.072.05
'.00022.00022.04
2.003
Secondary maximum contaminant level
------
3250
-
3 1,00032.0
3300
--350
-----
3 1003250
35,0003500
36.5-8.5
----~---
'U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1991a. 2U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1991b. 3U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 199 Ic.
of District water-quality field forms to provide more complete documentation of environmental conditions present at the time of a site visit. Similarly, laboratory forms received closer review than previously, with concentration on appropriately requested chemical analyses, and inclusion of adequate field data such as sample pH, specific conductance, and temperature. Discrepancies, either in the data produced in the quarterly measurement of standard samples, or in the operational documentation from any of these processes, were investigated. If equipment problems were indicated, appropriate measures to correct these problems were instituted; if personnel were not accomplishing required protocols sufficiently, supplemental training was initiated until adequate results were observed on a constant basis.
Office procedures also included the examination of historical data, collected in Fremont County since 1945 as part of previous investigations or other data-collection activities, for inclusion in this report. These data were evaluated using supporting documentation. If original laboratory analysis sheets were available, the data were examined for solution ionic balance. If the ionic balance was within +/- 5 percent, then the data were
WATER QUALITY 51
retained, no adjustments were made to the information, and the data were included in this report. If the original laboratory sheets for a sample were not available, but the data had been published in a previous USGS publication, these data were also considered acceptable and included. Water-quality information from Fremont County in files without additional supporting documentation was not accepted or included in this report. No non-USGS historical data were examined.
Field quality-assurance practices involved appropriate preparation, cleaning, and calibration of all field meters, probes, and sampling equipment prior to all site visits. Conductivity and pH standard solutions were checked for viability, and measuring equipment was calibrated again in the field prior to the measurement of physical characteristics of the collected samples. Physical characteristics were measured until numerical values stabilized. Calibration values and measurement information were recorded on District field forms. Samples were collected, preserved, and shipped in accordance with applicable USGS protocols.
Quality-assurance processes used at the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL) constituted most of the laboratory quality-assurance program implemented in this study. In addition, deionized water, produced in the Wyoming District water-quality laboratory and used for equipment cleaning and blank sample preparation, was sampled periodically and analyzed for inorganic chemical constituents and nutrients.
Quality Control
Quality-control samples were collected to determine concentrations of common ions, nutrients, and trace metals in environmental and field-blank samples. A sequential replicate (split) sample was obtained at site 41-105-33bcb01 (table 11) to evaluate laboratory precision between samples. Differences for measured chemical concentrations between the environmental sample and the replicate sample ranged from 0 to 3 percent for all constituents with the exception of sulfate. Sulfate concentration between the two samples differed by 13 percent.
Field-blank samples were obtained by passing laboratory-produced deionized water through all components of the sample-collection apparatus. Chemical analysis of this water was designed to determine the adequacy of the process of equipment cleaning between sampled sites, or to quantify carryover of any chemical contamination between sites. Field blanks were collected at sites 40-089-3 lacbOl and 40-106-22aca01 using deionized water from the Wyoming District water-quality laboratory, and were analyzed for trace metal concentrations. No constituents were found above the minimum reporting level used by the NWQL; thus, the blanks were considered to be clean with respect to the environmental samples.
Streamflow Quality
Water quality of streamflow is commonly thought of as the chemical constituents dissolved in the water. Streamflow quality also can be related to the sediments suspended in the water or sediments in the stream or lake bed and to organisms (plant and animal) living in the water. This section discusses chemical, sediment, and biological results related to streamflow quality in Fremont County discussed in previous reports and presents chemical quality results of water samples collected during this study from the Sweetwater River and its tributaries.
Three streamflow sites on the Wind River (1,70, and 114) in Fremont County were included in a previous study to "monitor pesticide concentrations in selected Wyoming streams" (Butler, 1987, p. 1). Water and bottom-sediment samples were collected two times a year during 1976-78. Samples were collected before (spring and early summer) and after (fall) "the pesticide application season" (Butler, 1987, p. 1). Samples were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated napthalenes (PCNs), organochlorine insecticides, organophosphate insecticides, and herbicides. Small amounts of pesticides were detected at all three sites. PCBs in bottom sediments were detected at all three sites; concentrations in 4 of 15 samples had a range of 1 to 4 |Llg/kg.
52 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Water and bottom-sediment samples were collected at the Riverton Reclamation Withdrawal Area during a reconnaissance investigation during 1988-89 and were analyzed for major ions, trace elements, and pesticides. Thirty-one water samples at 19 sites and 21 bottom-sediment samples at 14 sites were collected to determine "whether irrigation drainage has caused or has the potential to cause harmful effects on human health, fish and wildlife, or other water users" (Peterson and others, 1991, p. 3).
The primary element of concern in Peterson's (1991) study was selenium. Most of the water samples did not exceed the EPA's MCL at that time which was 10 jig/L. The current MCL is 50 Jig/L. However, the aquatic life criterion is still 5 jig/L, and several of the water samples exceeded this limit. Selenium concentrations in bottom sediment ranged from 0.1 to 3.0 jig/g in the less than 0.062 mm class size and from 0.1 to 1.9 jig/g in the less than 2 mm class size (Peterson and others, 1991, p. 1).
Smalley and others (1994, p. 1) "conducted a study during 1985-87 to determine the annual replenishment of sand and gravel along a point bar in the Wind River near Riverton." The authors computed "annual averages of about 561,000 tons of suspended sediment and about 8,410 tons of bedload transported by the river" and estimated that an average of about 6,000 yd3 per year would be the total volume of potentially usable material (Smalley and others, 1994, p. 22).
Dissolved solids and ionic composition, phosphorus, suspended sediment, and temperature were discussed in a report by Peterson and others (1987, p. 38-45) that included the Wind River drainage basin. Peterson (1987a and b) noted that the concentrations of dissolved solids usually are greater than 1,000 mg/L (1987a) and median total concentrations of phosphorus were larger (1987b) in streams originating in the plains than in other areas. Dry Creek, a stream that originates in the plains, was sampled near Bonneville (site 105) and had a median total phosphorus concentration between 0.10 and 11.0 mg/L. The Little Wind River, a stream that originates in the mountains, was sampled near Riverton (site 67) and had a median total phosphorus concen tration between 0.020 and 0.049 mg/L (Peterson, 1987b). Suspended-sediment discharge in the Wind River at Thermopolis (about 15 miles downstream below Boy sen Reservoir in Hot Springs County) decreased from 4.7 million tons during 1951 to 0.2 million ton during 1952 after Boysen Dam began storing water (Ringen, 1987, p. 42).
The Sweetwater River and its tributaries were sampled at 25 sites during an 8-day period, September 16- 23, 1991. The sampling sites ranged from above the Highway 28 bridge just below the boundary of the Shoshone National Forest (site 576; pi. 3) to near where the river leaves the county just above Split Rock (located in Natrona County about 1.5 mi northeast of the Sweetwater River and the county border) (site 611; pi. 3). Samples were collected during a low-flow period, and they define the type and concentration of chemical constituents in the streamflow only for the time and conditions of the sampling. A strict accounting of stream- flow gains and losses was not made during this study; however, discharge measurements indicate that the Sweetwater River loses water in the middle stretch below Alkali Creek to near Jeffrey City, then begins to gain water in the lower reach from Jeffrey City until the river leaves the county. Dissolved-solids concentration increased downstream. The sample from the site closest to the headwaters (site 576; pi. 3) had a dissolved-solids concentration of 42 mg/L (table 9). The farthest downstream sample (site 611) had a dissolved-solids concentra tion of 271 mg/L (table 9). Six of the water samples collected at these sites also were analyzed for selected trace elements and five water samples were analyzed for selected radiochemical species. Concentrations of selected chemical constituents for individual samples from the Sweetwater River and its tributaries are listed in tables 9, 10, and 13.
Ground-Water Quality
Data that describe the water quality of geologic units are obtained by collecting samples of water from wells completed in a specific geologic unit or from springs that issue from a geologic unit. Chemical and physical characteristics for water samples in this report consisted of analyses of samples collected as part of this study and historic data in the USGS ground-water and water-quality data bases (table 11). Historic data were collected by the USGS as part of previous studies in the area. Water samples collected during this study were
WATER QUALITY 53
Table 9. Chemical analyses and physical properties of water samples collected at selected[Site number: Simplified site number used in this report to identify miscellaneous streamflow sites.
microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius; °C,
Site number (pi. 3) Site name
576
578
580
582
584
585
587
588
589
592
593
594
595
596
598
127
599
600
602
604
605607608
609
611
Sweetwater River above Highway 28bridge, near South Pass CitySweetwater River near Hay Ranch, nearSouth Pass CitySweetwater River above Pine Creek, nearSouth Pass CitySweetwater River at Armstrong Ranch,near South Pass CitySweetwater River above Rock Creek, nearSouth Pass CityRock Creek at mouth, near South PassCity
Sweetwater River above Harris Slough,near South Pass CityHarris Slough at mouth, near South PassCitySweetwater River at Wilson Bar, nearSouth Pass City
Sweetwater River below Chimney Creek,near Sweetwater StationSite 15, Arnold Ditch near SweetwaterStationSweetwater River above Alkali Creek,near Sweetwater StationAlkali Creek above mouth, nearSweetwater StationSite 18a, Graham and Farmsley Ditch No.1 near Sweetwater StationSite 19, Sweetwater River nearSweetwater StationSweetwater River at Sweetwater Station,near LanderSite 21, Russell Ditch near SweetwaterStationSweetwater River above Scarlett Ranch,near Sweetwater StationSweetwater River at Graham Ranch, nearSweetwater StationSweetwater River at Mclntosh Ranch, nearJeffrey CitySweetwater River near Jeffrey CitySweetwater River below Jeffrey CitySage Hen Creek above mouth, belowJeffrey City
Sweetwater River at Agate Flat bridge,below Jeffrey CitySweetwater River above Split Rock
Discharge, instan-
Date taneous sampled (ft3/s)
09-16-91
09-16-91
09-17-91
09-18-91
09-18-91
09-18-91
09-18-91
09-18-91
09-19-91
09-20-91
09-20-91
09-20-91
09-20-91
09-21-91
09-21-91
09-21-91
09-21-91
09-22-91
09-22-91
09-22-91
09-22-9109-22-9109-23-91
09-23-91
09-23-91
25
23
21
24
22
6.4
28
.11
27
26
1.8
26
.34
6.5
18
19
.91
17
17
17
2121
.43
23
25
Specific conduct
ance (jiS/cm)
64
59
64
78
82
415
160
440
172
176
175
199
1,020
218
216
245
249
270
271
314
330355445
405
405
pH (standard
units)
8.2
7.5
8.2
8.1
7.5
7.8
8.2
8.7
8.6
8.5
8.4
8.8
9.5
8.4
8.4
8.3
8.5
8.2
8.4
8.4
8.68.78.5
8.5
8.6
Water tempera
ture (°C)
9.5
13.0
9.5
7.0
12.0
8.0
14.0
16.0
9.5
12.0
13.0
16.0
17.0
12.0
12.0
14.0
13.0
9.0
12.0
14.0
15.516.011.0
11.0
13.0
Hard ness (as
CaCO3)
23
21
25
31
190
63
170
66
67
66
72
110
76
73
87
87
100
120
120130120
130
140
Calcium, dissolved
(Ca)
6.8
6.4
7.8
9.5
55
19
51
20
20
20
22
20
23
22
27
27
32
36
384026
41
41
54 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
streamflow sites of the Sweetwater River and its tributaries, Fremont County, WyomingAnalytical results in milligrams per liter except as indicated; ft3/s, cubic feet per second; jiS/cm, degrees Celsius; --, no data; <, less than]
Magne sium,
dissolved (Mg)
1.4
1.2
1.4
1.8
12
3.8
9.8
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.2
15
4.4
4.4
4.8
4.8
5.6
6.3
6.87.4
14
7.9
8.0
Sodium, dissolved
(Na)
2.5
2.4
2.8
4.2
8.0
5.2
30
5.4
5.3
5.3
7.4
160
10
10
13
13
15
19
232656
33
34
Sodium adsorp
tion ratio
0.2
.2
.2
.3
.3
.3
1
.3
.3
.3
.4
7
.5
.5
.6
.6
.6
.8
.912
1
1
Potas sium,
dissolved (K)
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.4
9.0
3.0
6.0
3.2
3.0
3.1
3.6
14
4.0
3.5
4.0
4.1
4.4
5.0
5.15.74.3
6.0
6.1
Alkalinity, total
(as CaCO3)
28
26
31
38
106
53
188
55
57
58
67
130
70
70
80
81
98
108
117122185
133
136
Sulfate, dissolved (asS04)
3.0
2.6
2.9
<.10
110
32
46
32
32
27
31
240
35
35
39
40
40
50
535957
64
65
Chloride, dissolved
(Cl)
0.20
.10
.20
<.10
3.9
2.0
8.0
2.1
2.2
2.0
2.6
91
4.3
4.0
5.0
5.0
5.6
8.0
11127.9
16
16
Fluoride, dissolved
(F)
<0.10
<.10
<.10
<.10
.20
<.10
.70
<.10
<.10
.20
.20
.60
.20
.20
.20
.20
.20
.20
.30
.30
.90
.40
.40
Silica, dissolved (as SiO2)
9.3
9.1
9.6
10
10
10
32
9.7
9.0
9.4
11
9.5
11
11
12
12
11
11
141513
16
19
Dissolved solids, sum of
constituents
42
39
45
-
272
107
296
109
110
106
122
628
134
132
153
155
173
201
221239290
264
271
Nitrogen, NO2+NO3 dissolved
<0.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050<.050<.050
<.050
<.050
WATER QUALITY 55
Table 10. Concentrations of selected trace elements of water samples collected at selected[Site number: Simplified site number used in this report to identify miscellaneous
Site number (pi. 3)
576
578585592
604607
Site name
Sweetwater River above Highway 28 bridge, near South Pass City
Sweetwater River near Hay Ranch, near South Pass CityRock Creek at mouth, near South Pass CitySweetwater River below Chimney Creek, near Sweetwater StationSweetwater River at Mclntosh Ranch, near Jeffrey CitySweetwater River below Jeffrey City
Date sampled09-16-91
09-16-9109-18-9109-20-91
09-22-9109-22-91
Aluminum, dissolved
(Al)
<10
<10<10<10
1010
Arsenic, dissolved
(As)
<1
<121
23
Barium, dissolved
(Ba)
16
146830
5353
Boron, dissolved
(B)
<10
<1020
<10
3050
analyzed at the NWQL for common ions (table 11), and selected samples were analyzed for trace elements (table 12), radiochemical species (table 13), and pesticides (table 14). Physical characteristics of temperature, specific conductance, and pH were determined during field analysis. Analyses of water samples from wells that were completed in and springs that issued from Quaternary deposits and the Tertiary, Mesozoic, Paleozoic, and Precambrian rocks are included in this report. Figure 11 shows the distribution of dissolved-solids concentra tions for all water-bearing units sampled in Fremont County. Modified Stiff diagrams (fig. 12) represent the water type typically found in selected water-bearing units at various sites in Fremont County. Box plots (fig. 11) and modified Stiff diagrams (fig. 12) were created for water-yielding units containing five or more sites where water samples were collected, with the exception of the Frontier Formation, which had a highly variable water type; therefore, no Stiff diagram is presented. When a site had two or more samples analyzed, the total dissolved-solids concentrations were averaged for box plot calculations. Water-yielding units with five or more sites where water samples were collected are described in detail in each section.
Quaternary Deposits
Forty-seven water samples were collected for chemical analysis and five water samples were collected only for field analysis from wells completed in and springs that issue from Quaternary deposits. The water samples collected for chemical analysis consisted of 33 from the alluvium and colluvium, 10 from terrace deposits, 2 from glacial deposits, 1 from a landslide deposit, and 1 from a dune sand and loess deposit. The chemical characteristics of the water samples from alluvium and colluvium, and terrace deposits are described in the following section.
Thirty-three water samples from 32 sites were collected for chemical analysis from the alluvium and colluvium 11 as part of this study including one replicate sample and 22 from previous studies conducted during 1965-90. The samples are from springs issuing from and wells completed in the alluvium and colluvium located along the following stream and river systems: the Wind River, the Little Wind River, the Middle Popo Agie River, and their tributaries; the Sweetwater River; and Poison Creek (fig. 13). Dissolved-solids concentra tions of the water samples from the alluvium and colluvium ranged from 141 to 1,430 mg/L (table 11). Water types of the samples from the alluvium and colluvium differed from sampling site to sampling site; however, most samples were either a calcium carbonate type or a sodium-calcium carbonate-sulfate type (fig. 12). Concentrations of selected constituents, for each water sample listed in table 11, also reflected that variability. Water samples from several wells were analyzed for specific trace elements; dissolved concentrations are listed in table 12. One water sample was analyzed for, but did not contain detectable levels of uranium (table 13). Another water sample was analyzed for, but did not contain, detectable levels of pesticides (table 14).
56 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
streamflow sites of the Sweetwater River and its tributaries, Fremont County, Wyomingstreamflow sites. Dissolved concentrations in micrograms per liter; <, less than]
Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Selenium, Silver, Zinc,dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved
(Cd)_____(Cr) (Cu) (Fe) (Pb) (Mn) (Hg) (Se) (Ag) (Zn)
<1.0 <1 2 180 <1 3 <0.1 <1 <1.0 <3
<1.0 <1 2<1.0 <1 2<1.0 <1 2
<1.0 <1 2<1.0 <1 2
160 <1110 <175 <1
22 <114 <1
4 <.l <123 <.l <14 <.l <1
20 <.l <114 .1 <1
<1.0 6<1.0 4<1.0 <3
<1.0 <3<1.0 3
Ten water samples from nine sites were collected for chemical analysis from wells completed in and a spring issuing from terrace deposits three as part of this study, and seven during 1951-89 for previous studies. Four water samples are from wells in the northern part of the county, and six samples are from wells in the central part, two samples are from site 33-099-08acc01 (fig. 13; table 11). Dissolved-solids concen trations of these water samples ranged from 293 to 1,670 mg/L (table 11). The variability of selected constituents for individual water samples listed in table 11 also reflected the variability of water type; however, most samples were a calcium-magnesium carbonate type as shown by the modified Stiff diagrams (fig. 12). Water samples from two wells and one spring were analyzed for specific trace elements; dissolved concentrations are listed in table 12. Three sites had water samples analyzed for pesticides (table 14). None of the samples had a detectable level of the selected pesticides.
Tertiary Rocks
One-hundred fifteen water samples were collected for chemical analysis, and 24 water samples were collected only for field analysis from wells completed in and springs that issue from Tertiary rocks. Six samples are from Miocene rocks, four samples are from the Arikaree Formation, eight samples are from the White River Formation, three samples are from the Tepee Trail Formation, and five samples are from the Wagon Bed Formation. One sample was collected from both the Bridger and the Crooks Gap Conglomerate. Two samples were collected from the Laney Member of the Green River Formation, 1 sample from the Wasatch Formation, 2 samples from the Battle Spring Formation, 80 samples from the Wind River Formation, and 2 samples from the Fort Union Formation. The chemical characteristics of the water samples from Miocene rocks, White River Formation, Wagon Bed Formation, and Wind River Formation are described in the following section.
Six water samples were collected for chemical analysis from wells completed in and springs issuing from Miocene rocks all as part of this study. All sites are located in the south-central part of the county (fig. 14). Dissolved-solids concentrations of these water samples ranged from 185 to 287 mg/L (table 11). All samples were below the SMCL of 500 mg/L for dissolved solids set by the EPA (table 8). The modified Stiff diagram (fig. 12) shows that the water was a calcium carbonate type.
Eight water samples were collected for chemical analysis from wells completed in and springs issuing from the White River Formation six as part of this study, and two (one in 1963 and one in 1965) as part of a previous study. All sites are located in the south-central part of the county (fig. 14). Dissolved-solids concentrations of water samples from the wells and springs ranged from 207 to 397 mg/L (table 11). The modified Stiff diagram (fig. 12) shows that the water was a calcium carbonate type. Water from two springs was analyzed for specific trace elements and those concentrations are reported in table 12. One sample in the White River Formation was analyzed for radium-226 and uranium. A radium-226 concentration of 0.4 +/- 0.1 pCi/L, and a uranium concentration of 14 +/- 1 |ig/L were detected in the sample (table 13).
WATER QUALITY 57
Table 11 . Chemical analyses and physical properties of water samples
[Local number: See text describing well-numbering system in the section titled ft, feet below land surface; |lS/cm, microsiemens per centimeter at 25
Local number (pi. 2)
Date sampled
Well depth
(ft)
Specific conduc tance
(nS/cm)
PH (standard
units)
Water temper
ature (°C)
Hard ness (as
CaCO3)
Calcium, dissolved
(Ca)
Magne sium, Sodium,
dissolved dissolved (Mg) (Na)
Primary geologic
!N-4E-llccd01
32-099-32ca0133-099-26bd0133-099-29cac0142-107-32bc01
!N-lE-34bcb01!N-2W-25cbb02!N-2W-27dad01!N-2W-35adc02!N-4E-31dcc01
!S-lW-06caa0129-091-1 3cab012N-lE-13ccc012S-lE-26add0230-090- 16adc01
30-093-21ddb0130-094-20bbc0132-099-22dca0133-098-08cac0133-098-08cbd01
33-099- ISccdOl34-098-20daa0134-098-21ccb013N-lW-21aca013N-lW-22cac01
41-105-30dba0141-105-33bcb01
41-106-07dd0141-106-16bba0141-106-16bc01
41-107-03aa0141-107-12ab0242-106-08aba0242-106-30dcc0243-108-09baa01
08-19-8708-11-9110-28-6502-14-6208-09-9009-21-65
11-02-6607-17-9007-17-9007-18-9011-06-65
09-03-8906-04-9209-15-6508-09-9007-21-65
07-23-9107-23-9108-06-9008-19-6509-21-65
07-25-9110-12-6510-12-6508-03-8908-04-89
05-19-92
05-22-92 ! 05-22-9210-04-6505-19-9210-04-65
09-21-6506-09-6505-21-9205-21-9205-22-92
8080
1,0503,7001,500Spring
28-
2656
9
40406025
Spring
5025
1504949
6027223626
55Spring Spring
204211
165025
8.640
629663380
2,600345937
-
418116291
1,790
618402447970405
390488
1,8202,6002,600
7501,2901,970
995910
435575 575820712490
9241,000
218305211
8.68.0--
8.5-
-
7.67.58.27.7
7.87.77.87.56.7
7.57.56.8--~
7.58.28.17.57.7
7.67.7 7.77.37.58.1
8.17.58.17.87.8
-
15.013.510.016.028.0
--
12.014.09.5
11.5
15.59.5-
11.58.0
9.010.011.510.010.0
12.010.010.010.0
9.09.0 9.09.0
10.59.0
5.0-
4.57.0
10.0
3566---
1-
650--~
460
230130180400
71
160220860--
320378566260240
200240 240290260210
420350100150110
7.819~-
.19~
160----
130
5541569620
5172
180~-
8756907370
5266 68697152
11091314529
3.74.4--
.07-
63~~-
33
236.99.4
405.2
8.310
100--
2658831816
1718 18282120
3531
6.59.18.9
140130-~
79-
Quaternary220
~-
240
5128255366
211495---
5496
240120100
9.232 32724124
3095
3.15.12.3
58 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
collected from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming
Ground-Water Data. Analytical results in milligrams per liter except as indicated; degrees Celsius; °C, degrees Celsius; , no data; <, less than]
Alka- DissolvedSodium Potas- Unity, solids, Phos-adsorp- slum, Bicar- Car- total Sulfate, Chloride, Fluoride, Silica, sum Nitrogen, phorus,
tion dissolved bonate bonate (as dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved of con- NO2+NO3, totalratio (K) (HCO3) (CO3) CaCO3) (asSO4) (Cl) (F) (asSiO2) stituents dissolved (P)
unit unknown167
1.7 1.4
270290
5049
4.2 3.3
0.80 .80
1414
390401
1.401.10
0.010
<.030
39 .30 145 27 4.9 .50 11 210 <.100 .300
Alluvium and Colluvium4 8.9 400 730 20 1.0 15 1,420
3.9 490 500 64 .60 24 1,230
11.8
13.4
.7
.41
2.44.71.6 1903.64.6 206
4.54.46.3
243156
0219
0
141219279
764368
28036
4523
740
2.37.06.24.67.1
8.17.29.2
.50
.40
.20
.301.0
.30
.401.1
1643131325
283317
374269272623267
253304
1,340
.460
.410-
.2001.3
.4301.904.40
.020----
<.010--
.030
.070
.030
12.24.4
33
.3
.9
.921.7
.62.1.2.1
3.15.88.43.14.1
2.74.04.08.03.84.4
9.26.01.92.32.5
--
210271
----
410--
280
500370~~
--
00---
«
0"
0
00--
226----
276285
191259260~
291--
~
112158115
190400831220170
344457946440
71230
2.89.54.5
6.212349.312
3.94.84.85.37.96.0
2214<.10<.10<.10
1.0.5.6.10.40
.30
.20
.30
.40<.10.50
.90~
<.10.20.20
14
12122624
183334282826
34--
282630
520743
1,430637568
253364374509414310
558649141192146
.630---
.420<.100
.2801.401.40--
.600--
--
.066<.050.100
.020---
.010
.030
------
-----
WATER QUALITY 59
Table 11 . Chemical analyses and physical properties of water samples
Local number (pi. 2)
4N-3W-08bbd014N-3W-17bba014N-4W-02cda014N-4W-02dcb014N-4W-26bcb01
5N-5W-36daa01
6N-4W-20add01
!N-lW-29bdb01!S-lE-31dda01!S-lE-32acd0133-099-08acc01
33-099-23dcb02
4N-4W-09cad014N-4E-23acd014N-4W-23adc014N-4W-23bab01
3N-2W-17acb0141-106-15cbd01
Date sampled
11-04-6507-26-9010-26-6604-28-6608-02-89
06-29-90
07-26-90
08-01-8910-06-6510-05-6506-27-9108-23-9106-11-91
08-03-89
06-26-5104-28-6608-03-89
11-04-6505-19-92
Well depth
(ft)
303533-
9
4512
Spring4545--
19
233040
45-
Specific conduc- pH
tance (standard (|uS/cm) units)
911668650603815
859549
580543492822775
2390
515-~
562
380438
7.97.77.68.07.2
9.77.4
8.08.18.17.57.27.5
7.9~
7.9
7.78.0
Water temper
ature (°C)
10.0~~~
14.5
10.511.5
18.09.5--
11.013.510.0
12.5-
12.5
-
9.0
Hard ness (as
CaCO3)
330200290270340
3260
220260250360370480
20068
290230
160200
Magne- Calcium, slum, Sodium, dissolved dissolved dissolved
(Ca) (Mg) (Na)
10061927485
.88
80
446349838795
46-
4760
4652
1711142131
.2115
262631383859
20-
4220
1016
Quaternary8973241950
18026
Quaternary3315112525
350
3617014032
Quaternary189.3
Quaternary Land-
43- 108-22abb01 05-22-92 Spring 171 7.9 5.0 73 23 3.8 6.4Quaternary Dune
37-089-3 IcccOl
29-090-27aab0130-090-03ccc0130-092- ISabdOl30-094- ISdabOl30-095- 13aac01
30-095-13adc0130-096-28dbc0131-091-09abc01
27-097- 12caa0129-095- ISacdOl31-091-14ca0131-091-25dc01
08-04-91
06-04-9206-04-9207-23-9107-23-9106-14-91
06-14-9108-10-9008-21-91
06-21-9006-24-9007-21-6507-21-65
Spring
115-
1451,080
600
Spring150260
SpringSpring220150
1,240
230458564345328
340315406
525420
4,000620
8.5
7.88.28.27.97.6
8.37.47.6
9.67.77.17.3
11.5
11.59.09.5
11.511.0
10.09.59.0
10.5
9.09.0
11.0
92
8773--
140
110140170
4140120105
22
2920--
45
364948
1.1433332
8.6
3.55.6--
5.5
5.24.2
12
.356.98.66.0
230Miocene
1465-~
16
261217
Arikaree110373331
60 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
collected from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Alka- Sodium Potas- Unity, adsorp- sium, Bicar- Car- total Sulfate, Chloride, Fluoride, Silica,
tion dissolved bonate bonate (as dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved ratio (K) (HC03) (CO3) CaCO3) (asSO4) (Cl) (F) (asSiO2)
Dissolved solids, sum
of con stituents
Nitrogen, NO2+NO3, dissolved
Phos phorus,
total (P)
Alluvium and Colluvium Continued
2 3.6 5302 1.6
.6 2.8 290
.5 3.5 2601 .80
45 .40.7 2.8
Terrace Deposits
1 2.2.4 2.3 280.3 2.1 280.6 3.4.6 3.8
7 2.0
1 2.1330
4 2.0 570.9 1.5
Glacial Deposits
.6 2.4 170
.3 2.2slide Deposits
.3 1.3Sand and Loess
11 4.5rocks
.7 4.73 3.3
.6 4.5
1 4.8.4 4.5.6 4.9
Formation23 1.6
1 6.91 7.8 1501.3 4.9 192
0281
00
330
256232
17000
290147397
20970
271
0157
84
175
107182
146
138146171
150171
00
8438
1008597
13015
1105938
120110900
55120120
19
5261
6.4
440
9.936
16
152119
51495014
104.83.47.46.3
139.8
8.71.92.6
169.7
15
4.41717
3.1
4.04.2
<.10
8.1
3.316
7.3
7.74.77.0
2714125.3
.30
.30
.10
.20
.30
.20<.10
.90
.90
.90
.30
.301.3
1.4-
1.3.8
.20
.30
.10
.50
.40
.50
.30
.30
.40
.40
2.9.40.60.4
2924151610
8.731
111819121313
27-
2427
1911
29
11
5424
50
613940
24455228
596382395355479
487319
339326293482379
1,670
322--
671333
235251
120
833
185287
238
245224267
308306273218
--
<0.100----<.100
<.100<.100
.210---
2.30.960.310
1.10----
1.5
--
.230
<.050
<.050
.450
.930
1.40
1.50.300
3.60
<.100.200
--
2.8
--
0.040----
.010
<.010.090
<.010---
<.010<.010
.010
.010----
.40
----
--
.020
--
.030
<.010.020.070
<.010.040
--
WATER QUALITY 61
Table 11 . Chemical analyses and physical properties of water samples
Local number (pi. 2)
28-094- llaacOl30-098- 19cca0130-098-26bba0130-098-28bbd0131-095-12bdb01
31-095-15dba0131 -095-3 IdddOl32-090- llaaaOl32-090-22ddc01LAT-LONG4243441075953
7N-5W-lldbb017N-5W-13bac017N-5W-13bdb01
31-096-25baa0132-094-03cab0132-095-34cad0140-089-3 lacbOl40-09 l-27ddd01
40-092-3 IbabOl
28-094-17abd01
27-09 l-05ddc01
Date sampled
07-22-9108-02-9008-02-9008-02-9006-12-91
06-24-91
07-22-6510-03-6308-21-9107-21-91
10-19-8909-05-8910-19-89
06-12-9106-25-9106-12-9106-01-9208-08-91
06-03-92
07-22-91
08-23-91
Well depth
(ft)
SpringSpringSpringSpring
160
160
135SpringSpringSpring
SpringSpringSpring
SpringSpringSpring
-
134
400
600
Spring
Specific conduc- pH
tance (standard (nS/cm) units)
379390295410530
346
300362382690
380302314
510
960362458930
330
418
106
7.97.56.97.17.5
7.6
7.37.97.67.5
7.87.78.0
7.87.78.37.77.7
7.2
9.3
6.6
Water temper
ature (°C)
9.010.08.06.58.0
9.010.0
9.09.07.0
6.05.07.5
8.56.09.5
20.019.5
10.5
9.0
7.0
Hard ness (as
CaCO3)
140210--
220
180
1202081
270
150130120
160-
160230110
130
7
42
Magne- Calcium, slum, Sodium, dissolved dissolved dissolved
(Ca) (Mg) (Na)
4657-~
77
57357.8
2787
373731
53-
555423
41
2.1
13
6.616--
7.9
8.97.3
.13.4
14
139.99.3
6.5-
5.62213
6.4
.44
2.2
White River234.3--
12
9.8
17
7949
23
Tepee Trail
34
14
29Wagon Bed
46-
7.010
170
17Bridget
87Crooks Gap
3.9Laney Member of the
27-101-35dca01
27-101-15cdb01
11-17-7606-19-90
06-19-90
SpringSpring
Spring
900960
480
7.67.6
7.4
6.56.0
5.0
180180
52
4044
14
2018
4.2
130140
Wasatch22
Battle Spring27-093- 14cad0128-093-34dcb01
!N-lE-03bbb01!N-3E-16cca01!N-4E-12ccc01!N-4E-14dcb01
lN-5E-10dcd01
07-24-9107-25-91
08-31-6610-19-4810-21-48
08-19-8708-10-9105-28-6506-18-65
180Spring
579103
64565565
77
77
349359
620-~
618568
2,3002,200
8.07.0
----
8.99.0-
6.08.0
11.510.010.5---
11.511.5
100110
80240160
635-
3735
168142
1.89.3~
2.96.1
9.78.2
14.40
2.9--
359.3
Wind River96
17021
140160-
62 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
collected from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Sodium Potas- adsorp- slum, Bicar- Car-
tion dissolved bonate bonate ratio (K) (HCO3) (CO3)
Formation
.8
.1
0.3
.3
.7-
2.6
Formation1
.51
Formation2
.2
.37
.7Formation
14Conglomerate
.3
2.92.7
4.1
2.9
3.4 180 07.2 206 06.28.5
2.2
1.71.8
3.6
3.63.93.2
1.5
.60
.40
Alka linity, total Sulfate, Chloride, Fluoride, (as dissolved dissolved dissolved
CaCO3) (asSO4) (Cl) (F)
174213
151
149----
164201
203152163
181
159199374
135
123
41
152.0
86
475.8
2326
110
101010
77
9.149
110
30
77
7.9
5.63.6
6.2
6.35.32.43.98.1
1.2.90
1.1
3.6
7.63.8
10
5.4
3.3
.20
.30
.30
0.30
.30
.30
.3
.30
.70
.20
.20
.20
.40
.20
.50
.50
.50
.40
<.10
Dissolved solids,
Silica, sum dissolved of con- fas SiO2) stituents
3032
42
4544536724
253125
32
461018
24
7.6
19
235247
329
271207276282397
244197206
331
233273572
207
252
73
Nitrogen, N02+N03, dissolved
.190
.300
0.590
1.00--
1.5.250.250
<.100.270.200
.066
.750<.050<.050
<.050
<.050
.450
Phos phorus,
total (P)
.060
.040
0.010
.020---
.040
.050
.130
.140
.010
.040
.060--
<.010
.090
<.010Green River Formation
44
Formation
1
Formation
1
.4Formation
55
.72512
2.1 330 02.1
1.7
1.11.8
2.5 200 04.0 160 426
.80 150 4
.31.0
-
310
89
13894
-----
180180
190200
11
4536
1000
68110120
3.411
.30
4.21.9
20177.07.77.3
.70
.90
.20
.20<.10
.60
.30
.40
.7
.7
1715
19
1613
1.815199.8
10
563617
126
225160
350800248379420
.010<.100
.100
<.050.050
---
.10
.10
.010<.010
<.010
.040
.100
----
.010<.030
WATER QUALITY 63
Table 11 . Chemical analyses and physical properties of water samples
Local number (pi. 2)
!S-2E-14aaa01!S-3E-23acc01!S-4E-09cdb01lS-5E-llacc012N-lE-36bda01
2N-2E-17bcb012N-2E-32ccc012N-2W-27abc012N-3E-04acd012N-3E-34cdb01
2N-4E-01cbc022N-4E-30cbc012N-5E-04bbb012N-5E-04bbb022N-6E-19bab01
2N-6E-30ddd01
30-096-35cb0133-090-22dd0133-090-28aa0133-090-28abb01
33-090-28cc0133-090-28db0133-090-32aa01
33-090-32aa0233-096-16add01
33-096-33dbc0134-092-04ddd0134-093- 19dd0134-093-20ab0134-094-12bca01
35-091-30dcb0135-094- 13bd0136-092-30aca0136-093-1 Sad36-094-36dcc01
Date sampled
06-26-9007-23-9007-24-9011-05-6509-01-89
08-20-9109-01-8907-19-9008-20-9108-08-90
08-22-9108-20-9108-19-8708-10-9108-20-91
03-08-6508-19-6606-24-6406-08-5701-14-6408-21-91
11-19-6201-15-6401-15-6411-19-6206-25-91
06-25-9107-20-9110-21-6508-25-6506-27-6506-26-91
08-22-9108-27-6508-06-9108-27-6508-27-6508-22-91
Well depth
(ft)
62~
515225135
26518165
215218
90 710
89230100
-
24011284
Spring
105265338207376
10065
362390225225
165230237240104104
Specific conduc- pH
tance (standard ftiS/cm) units)
1,400630872
2,3203,530
4,400486
1,1901,3901,900
5601,5601,3401,150
761
1,8001,830
3201,6001,7501,670
1,190921
1,0801,4801,580
2,0901,5801,8001,4405,3505,400
3,310
1,0503,2002,4003,5003,490
7.69.08.88.07.3
6.87.87.58.87.8
8.09.18.48.67.0
._
5.37.08.2
7.77.67.0
7.58.6
8.27.6-
8.57.28.2
8.0-
8.08.38.18.4
Water temper
ature (°C)
9.512.5-
13.012.0
12.511.510.010.516.0
12.510.0-
16.012.0
9.510.510.0-
9.012.5
__
10.09.0-
10.0
10.09.59.0
11.0~
10.0
10.510.011.011.010.011.0
Hard ness (as
CaCO3)
5806
13
5401,400
1,100210590
3669
220313731
57
~
8301,000
690
500350450690
12
45400
~
11230
~
86-
120100370
Calcium, dissolved
(Ca)
1502.34.9
150380
340
70140
1427
5512141218
280300220
150110140240
4.0
16110
~
2.680-
26-
433688
Magne sium,
dissolved (Mg)
Sodium, dissolved
(Na)Wind River
49 100.11.15
3999
668.6
58.21.26
21.21.40.20
2.9
~«
337034
292022
23.49
1.3
30-
1.16.2-
5.0-
2.32.4
36
140190
340320
6401637
270
380
65290270250
88
--
6827
110
74656572
320
440190-
3551,200
~
720~
630530720
64 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
collected from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Sodium Potas- adsorp- slum, Bicar-
tion dissolved bonate ratio (K) (HCO3)
Alka linity,
Car- total bonate (as (C03) CaC03)
Sulfate, dissolved (as SO4)
Chloride, dissolved
(Cl)
Dissolved solids,
Fluoride, Silica, sum dissolved dissolved ofcon-
(F) (as SiO2) stituents
Nitrogen, N02+N03, dissolved
Phos phorus,
total (P)
Formation Continued
2242364
8.5.7
2020
2231920
5
1.4
2
1211
40
284
4736
34
252316
3.5.30.40
7.4 47012
5.01.92.0
.50
.70
1.7.40.50.60
6.3
10 713 26016
15 24014 23014 27012 300
1.0
1.16.1
3.0 5493.1 83
2.7
1.53.1 1504.1 200
270171162
0224
37292
2005846
153347375
114
00
189
0000
198
182215
570
219
11230
480120240780
1,400
1,80081
420530740
200480470410150
210780760
400290370600510
810600
1252,600
1,400
1,400950
1,600
179.7
1677
130
1508.85.7
1138
9.51104138
6.8
9.04514
154.84.38.5
29
3210
6933
7.7
365816
.20
.50
.701.2.30
0.50.30.40
3.51.0
.702.51.41.4.50
.30
.40
.50
.40
.30
.20
.201.1
.701.1
.61.3
1.9
1.31.3.90
158.78.7
1635
151913109.7
13107.08.08.7
123029
15212626
7.6
7.711
6.87.7
7.8
8.26.75.0
983384558
1,6402,950
3,240261800874
1,220
462926849765352
6301,3901,300
821630775
1,130993
1,4201,090
8924,010
2,300
2,1901,6602,590
1.30<.100<.100~
100
0.190<.100
.900<.050<.100
.970<.050
.20<.10
.370
--
-
<.050
------
<.050
<.050.064
2.0--
.059
<.050--
<.010<.010<.010--
.020
<0.010<.010<.010<.010<.010
.010<.010
.010<.030
.440
--
--
.010
------
.010
<.010<.010
"
<.010
<.010---
WATER QUALITY 65
Table 11 . Chemical analyses and physical properties of water samples
Local number (pi. 2)
37-089- 18ada0137-090- IQbabOl37-09 l-23ac0137-09 l-25bc0137-094- IScdbOl
38-090-0 Ibbc0238-090-07cbb01
38-090-09bd0138-090- 18bb0138-093-06acc02
38-093-28bbc01
38-094- 14aa0138-094- 14ccc01
39-090- 13dca0239-092- BdbdOl
39-093-35acc013N-lE-09cda013N-lE-26caa013N-lW-20aca013N-2E-02cdc01
3N-2E-14aad013N-2W-01add023N-3E-26aba02
3N-4E-29dcc023N-4E-36cad01
3N-5E-33dcc01
41-106-08cac0141-106-28cb0141-107-12ab0342-107-lldaOl
42-107-13bd0142-107- 19daa01
42-107-23cac01
42-108-06dbc014N-lE-llbbd01
Date sampled
08-18-9106-01-9210-18-6009-14-6508-22-91
06-01-9206-15-6508-08-9106-12-6509-15-6506-03-92
08-05-9106-11-6506-11-6508-08-9106-01-9206-03-92
08-07-9111-01-6608-08-9008-08-9008-19-91
08-08-9008-04-8910-19-4808-08-9008-19-9108-07-90
10-16-4808-07-9005-20-9210-04-6509-21-6509-21-65
01-21-6505-22-9209-21-6505-20-9205-21-9211-02-66
Well depth
(ft)
Spring~
265113106
5711011070
110565
730480
2,2102,210
«
125
520207
4540047
4030024424450
160
3535
645235127
101
11090
101101
~
185
Specific conduc
tance OiS/cm)
1,5601,3202,6901,7203,450
1,8205,0005,5503,0001,5601,100
1,5401,1501,7001,7402,3801,850
1,6803,600
6801,0301,450
4251,6501,6601,510
9103,180
..
1,020830502
1,1502,690
1,6002,4402,6001,960
4556,300
pH (standard
units)
9.18.98.28.17.7
8.0~
7.5-
8.6 '8.7
10.0 -
8.67.67.2
8.6~
7.38.87.5
7.58.07.18.57.77.4
._
7.57.88.27.67.6
7.77.67.58.17.8
Water temper
ature (°C)
11.510.5-
10.011.5
11.510.010.510.011.014.0
13.0
11.014.514.011.515.5
14.0~
16.011.59.5
14.512.59.5
14.011.5
10.0
8.59.5
10.59.05.57.5
5.56.55.57.57.0
Hard ness (as
CaC03)
814
120298
1,100
180-
960~
1618
5 --
7183
770
26580190
18600
150170
6858
100220
6809597
280360720
350720380160430
Calcium, dissolved
(Ca)
2.65.5
4783
380
35-
220-
4.27.1
1.7 --
2819
160
10200
646.8
160
455127233487
21028296995
182
801809346
150
Magne sium,
dissolved (Mg)
.33
.111.5
2241
23~
99-
1.3.12
.20 -
.248.6
91
.2520
7.6.23
48
8.59.3
.10
.094.81.0
416.16.0
253165
3665351115
Sodium, dissolved
(Na)Wind River
320240540310550
320~
990~
360220
310-~
330540120
340760
69200210
38300330300170580
740200150
4.5110312
400310260
321500
66 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
collected from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Sodium adsorp
tion ratio
Potas sium, Bicar-
dissoived bonate (K) (HC03)
Formation Continued
50 1.0
28
21
8
7
10
14
39
22
60
17
26
2
29
14
2
21
4
1
10
18
17
7
17
12
9
7
.1
2
5
9
5
6
1
31
.60
1.4 34
4.4 189
5.0
4.5
7.0
2.7 247
<.10
.70
.60
13
17
.60
2.8 450
1.1
.70
4.2
2.3
1.3
4.0 23
.40
1.0
1.0
3.2 330
1.7
3.3
2.4 330
6.8 350
8.5 271
5.5
8.5 270
4.7
6.7
6.3 210
Alka linity,
Car- total bonate (as (CO3) CaCO3)
251
118
0
0
96
283
225
15
137
190
38
1,220
286
150
0
200
49
206
158
221
0
18
411
29
0
345
284
0
0
0
360
0
395
231
0
Sulfate, Chloride, dissolved dissolved (asS04) (Cl)
450420
1,200
757
2,100
570
3,100
481
350
480
760
25
710
660
1,800
110
290
860
67
560
660
600
82
1,500
1,800
170
160
4.1
300
1,120
780
1,100
520
12
3,300
7.0
20
21
20
110
26
57
34
7.6
39
35
94
12
7.4
67
12
77
3.0
5.6
29
59
60
5.3
57
58
9.1
6.9
7.1
16
44
31
44
19
3.2
77
Fluoride, dissolved
(F)
1.3
1.1
2.0
.9
1.0
0.90
1.0
2.0
.70
2.3
2.6
2.0
1.9
.50
.40
.30
2.8
2.4
.50
.90
1.0
1.1
1.0
1.4
1.1
.70
1.1
.40
.60
.8
.80
.80
<.10
<.10
1.2
Silica, dissolved (as SiO2)
7.27.0
6.0
9.8
6.0
8.7
8.0
9.8
8.8
1.3
9.2
6.2
8.4
8.3
18
9.9
9.8
9.2
8.6
12
11
9.4
9.4
8.3
19
6.5
13
18
28
12
7.6
12
13
39
6.9
Dissolved solids, sum
of con stituents
940765
1,790
1,300
3,260
1,160
4,620
1,030
676
949
1,190
1,440
1,290
1,120
3,060
415
617
1,430
274
1,100
1,110
1,000
562
2,250
2,990
658
540
294
758
1,880
1,560
1,880
1,180
289
5,110
Nitrogen, NO2+NO3, dissolved
<.050
<.050--
1.3
1
0.120
.860
._
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050
<.050--
4.80
<.100
1.00
.800
.780~
<.100
1.90
.200
6.50
<.050--
-
~
.093~
<.050
<.050
Phos phorus,
total (P)
.030~---
.010
-
<.010
_-
--
<.010
<.010~--
<.010--
<.010
<.010
<.010
<.010
<.010~
<.010
.020
<.010
.020----~
__
"~~"
WATER QUALITY 67
Table 11 . Chemical analyses and physical properties of water samples
Local number (pi. 2)
4N-lE-18dbc014N-lW-04cbb014N-lW-25daa014N-2W-06add014N-2W-33daa01
4N-4E-13dbd01
4N-4E-19cdd014N-4W-08bca014N-4W-22adb015N-4E-21ccd01
5N-5E-33aba016N-3W-33ccd017N-lE-19cca01
!S-2E-09bbb0134-093- 19ddc02
34-092- ISdbdOl34-092-22bdc01
!N-lE-36cb0131-096-05bda0132-096-32acd0133-098-06ccd01
33-099-30bda0134-091-13bbc01
34_094-27cd01
!N-lE-33bbb01!N-2W-35acd01!S-lW-08ccb01
lS-lW-15cca012N-2W-31cda03
Date sampled
11-02-6610-31-6612-19-6608-22-6608-22-66
08-19-9108-19-9107-26-9008-02-8910-26-66
10-26-6610-31-6604-28-65
11-06-6509-16-6506-26-91
07-20-9107-21-91
05-18-4512-01-6506-13-9106-11-9108-23-91
08-09-90
07-21-6208-22-9106-27-65
07-02-6807-18-9005-19-4507-02-6806-26-9007-19-90
Well depth
(ft)
272166487301131
39510095
460296
19096-
430268268
29850
300135110132132
50271271312
71280
548
54810085
Specific conduc- pH tance (standard
(US/cm) units)
-
1,350--
1,1002,200
2,810
612202
1,040-
~
460
1,7604,000
6,900
1,8002,140
-
4,0003,7507,4003,750
5,8001,7001,8906,600
-
1,3201,800
7,6501,720
-
8.3 -
9.1
7.69.29.2-
~~
8.4-
8.0
9.27.4
~~
8.07.66.9
7.1-
8.88.3
-
7.8-
7.87.6
Water temper
ature (°C)
-~~
11.512.0
14.511.512.012.0-
-
12.0
-
11.011.0
11.09.0
-
8.010.013.511.0
11.010.511.5-
10.010.5-
13.011.08.5
Hard ness (as
CaCO3)
1003293~-
71
170-
10120
16028
250
28-
140
7580
87-
3601,900
-
1,600~
161,000
6~
8560
1,000460
Calcium, dissolved
(Ca)
369.6
32--
28
41~
3.134
521152
8.3-
23
1.3140
15-
79380-
350-
2.9170
2.2-
1.0170250120
Magne sium, Sodium,
dissolved dissolved (Mg) (Na)
2.91.93.2--
0.3016~
.498.0
7.9.10
28
1.8~
19
.9457
12-
40240
~
180~
2.2150
.10~
1.334
10039
Wind River
590260340--
56061-
220820
1,100290
5.0Fort Union
390-
1,500Mesaverde
440230
Cody600-
6801,300
-
720-
4101,400
Frontier
570-
44021
1,600220
68 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
collected from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Sodium Potas- adsorp- slum, Bicar- Car-
tion dissolved bonate bonate ratio (K) (HCO3) (CO3)
Formation Continued
25 .20 130 02015
292
31
33
3724
.1Formation
32
56Formation
724
Shale28
1613--
8
4419
Formation100
68.4
224
1.0 140 21.8 50 4
1.0
2.4
.8030 72 0
3.0 76 0.20 90 0
2.2 220 0
3.1 560 16
9.1
1.75.8
390 23
6.623--
7.2
2.2
15 850 18
1.3 1,090 0
430 701.9 250 0
113.0
Alka linity, total Sulfate, Chloride, (as dissolved dissolved
CaC03) (as SO4) (Cl)
1,200410760
24 1,100
233 42
248 281,400
1,800440
67
1.5
303 3,100
738 180279 810
730
237 1,700462 4,300
--
372 2,700
526 3603,100
290
430400
430 3,700253 610
145115
110
6.9
150340
420865.0
290
270
1632
180
7934--
61
3986
34
202.8
759.2
Dissolved solids,
Fluoride, Silica, sum Nitrogen, dissolved dissolved of con- NO2+NO3,
(F) (asSiO2) stituents dissolved
.401.4.50
4.92.5
3.82.2
3.83.4
.70
2.6
1.1
9.3.50
1.2
1.3.40
--
.60
.90
.60
1.9
3.8.60
1.4.50
115.41.8
8.9
13
3.85.7
4.9--
11
6.9
6.0
6.723
--
6.36.8--
9.9
6.88.2
4.1
156.9
12
1,910808
1,190
1,830 <0.050363 8.60
560 <.1002,640
3,400877281
994
5,110 .600
1,100 .0511,470 .560
1,750
2,740 <.0506,850 64.0
4.80
4,250 <.100
1,140 <.050
5,390
1,450
1,170768
6,030 5.101,170 <.100
Phos phorus,
total (P)
..-
-
<0.010<.010
<.010--
--
-
<.010
.200
.090
--
<.010.010
--
<.010
.040--
--
.080<.010
WATER QUALITY 69
Table 11 . Chemical analyses and physical properties of water samples
Local number (pi. 2)
31-098-28dcb0132-099-03cac0132-099-16dcc0133-095-27bcd0133-099-32ddb01
33-099-35cac0133-100-llaccOl4N-4W-14ccb01
33-094-27adb01
31-098-18cdc0133-099-34dad01
30-098- 12bac0132-099-27dbc0133-090-22ca0133-090-23bc0133-090-28bc01
32-099-34abc01
33-099-23dc01
6N-2W-22cba01
Date sampled
08-05-9008-06-9010-14-6506-24-9108-09-90
06-10-91
08-11-9111-04-65
06-25-91
08-02-9008-02-90
08-04-9008-06-9001-15-6401-15-6409-19-61
10-14-6508-09-9010-13-65
09-17-64
Well depth
(ft)
SpringSpring345
4,680Spring
Spring
500400
Spring
Spring120
Spring225
1,5001,0501,050
350350215
Spring
Specific conduc- pH tance (standard
(pS/cm) units)
660575
8,0007,000
415
2,250
5003,170
970
355800
6352,2401,7601,1801,230
1,3001,3802,400
2,300
7.17.1-
8.06.7
8.0
7.67.9
7.7
6.55.9
7.07.48.56.9
6.8
9.19.28.5
-
Water temper
ature (°C)
8.517.011.015.016.0
9.5
20.0-
10.0
9.511.0
11.515.023.06.0
20.0
10.015.09.0
11.0
Hard ness (as
CaCO3)
240310-
47130
230
270130
54
82200
2601513
150120
64
13
~
Calcium, dissolved
(Ca)
7270-
1132
54
7033
17
2250
735.05.1
47
36
1.81.13.0
-
Magne sium, Sodium,
dissolved dissolved (Mg) (Na)
1533-
4.812
22
2311
2.9
6.518
20.70
~
8.57.8
.40
.311.3
~
Frontier6913-
1,50045
400
9.7680Mowry
180Thermopolis
4476
Cleverly30
470400200230
Morrison
300320610
Sundance~
Gypsum Spring
6N-2W-22cbb01
33-094-23dbd01
!S-2W-26ada0130-096-07bb0231-097-30adc0132-100-23dab0133-094-26ddb01
40-090-20dbb014N-5W-14dcd015N-6W-14ddb01
09-04-89
06-26-91
06-23-6608-18-6508-04-9008-06-9006-25-91
06-02-9206-29-9009-28-64
Spring
Spring
56290
Spring42
Spring
50SpringSpring
1,940
2,070
1,2001,9002,4501,2001,480
6701,2002,300
8.3
7.2
-
7.27.27.17.2
7.57.9-
12.5
11.0
10.524.0
9.09.0
16.0
9.011.5
9.5
730
190
-
480-
700580
330580-
110
50
-
130~
200150
79160-
110
16
-
39-
4851
3245-
180Nugget
400Chugwater
-
130-
1379
1241-
70 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
collected from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Sodium Potas- adsorp- sium, Bicar- Car-
tion dissolved bonate bonate ratio (K) (HCO3) (CO3)
Formation Continued
2 2.2.3
952
12.3
26Shale
11Shale
22
Formation
.85248
79
Formation
526975
Formation
Formation
3Sandstone
13Formation
3
.2
1
.3
.7
2.4
5.61.7
1.8.9
2.4 170 0
1.9
.902.8
4.51.02.0 340 165.4 190 05.6 220 0
.80 380 52
.501.2 480 31
6.7
6.4
23 170 0
1.517
4.61.8
Alka linity, total Sulfate, (as dissolved
CaCO3) (as SO4)
195320
476130
258200
--
130
1133.8
165252-~--
~
343-
321
295
--
217178
302215
19019
7.7
91
85082
1,200
340
67340
150850530410390
240320790
700
760
480
480560
71420
Chloride, dissolved
(Cl)
5.13.4
2,0005.9
9.31.7
120
5.7
4.410
7.91417109.0
6.68.2
26
41
42
100
<.1059
5.29.6
Fluoride, dissolved
(F)
.40
.90
2.3.40
1.3.7
1.6
1.3
.20
.60
.401.01.5.40.50
2.31.84.0
1.0
2.0
1.3
.401.8
.60
.10
Silica, dissolved (as SiO2)
2117
8.813
1220
7.4
20
1022
128.8
141816
109.67.9
16
13
24
1514
1717
Dissolved solids, sum
of con stituents
492352
3,830280
1,510329
2,170
648
223525
3971,5001,150
787805
798867
1,710
1,360
1,470
1,020
8871,040
403824
Nitrogen, N02+N03, dissolved
<.100.300
.110
.200
.120
.300--
0.190
<.100.800
<.100.200
-----
--
<.100--
<.100
<.050
--
.400<.050
.071<.100
Phos phorus,
total (P)
.100
.020
.010<.010
<.010.040
--
0.250
<.010.010
.020
.100----
~
<.010~
<.010
<.010
--
<.010<.010
<.010
WATER QUALITY 71
Table 11 . Chemical analyses and physical properties of water samples
Local number (pi. 2)
2S-lW-20bdb0130-096-07bb0130-097- lOdadOl30-097-llbbOl30-099-03cdd01
31-098-24dcd0133-101-25aaa0142-107-32dbd015N-6W-14dad015N-6W-35ada01
6N-3W-21dcb01
!S-lW-02aad01
31-099-09bcb0133-089- IScdcOl33-090-24bc0133-100-18bdd01
33-100-18cba0133-101-13aba01
42-107-32bc01
2N-lW-18ccc012S-2E-19ccc0131-100-25abd0132-100-24ccb0133-099-23cdd01
33-099-35daa01
33-101-13aba0240-089-06bca0140-090-12abc0140-106-22aca01
4N-6W-01aca01
3N-5W-10bcb017N-4W-30ccb01
Date sampled
08-01-8908-18-6508-03-9008-18-6506-23-90
08-04-9007-25-9105-22-9209-30-6410-01-65
08-08-90
07-02-6809-03-8910-16-8908-07-9007-16-6401-15-6408-17-6507-25-90
07-25-9008-17-5607-25-9009-21-65
08-08-9008-02-9006-23-9008-06-9006-11-91
08-17-6506-10-9107-25-9008-09-9108-09-9105-20-92
06-29-90
06-28-9009-05-89
Well depth
(ft)
Spring269
Spring408
Spring
SpringSpring
80980200
5,450
SpringSpringSpring458
1,6701,360
900900
450700700
Spring
4,2102,930Spring
2,320-
3,0103,0101,400SpringSpring
Spring
Spring
SpringSpring
Specific conduc- pH tance (standard
(nS/cm) units)
5501,800
3651,400
410
430450840
3,9204,230
2,390
-
1,0301,010
3901,4301,920
400424
409440414937
1,230354575395
1,190
460406418385425349
370
180330
8.06.67.67.47.6
7.38.07.0-
8.2
7.2
-
7.47.27.57.06.87.27.6
7.67.47.66.8
7.27.87.37.18.0
7.07.87.67.58.18.1
7.9
7.78.0
Water temper
ature (°C)
8.521.512.015.56.0
15.07.0
19.510.59.0
9.0
41.037.043.515.038.555.013.512.5
11.09.5
10.527.8
62.026.07.0
13.519.5
35.535.510.08.08.55.0
14.0
5.59.0
Hard ness (as
CaC03)
280490180550
~
220250430
1,300
1,800
510
470450450200559680220230
230210
~
464
580190270-
500
170170230190210170
190
91180
Magne- Calcium, sium, Sodium, dissolved dissolved dissolved
(Ca) (Mg) (Na)
5414044
150~
5354
120410
450
130
13013013044
1582104754
5544-
123
1704757-
180
364557353933
43
2023
35361644-
22293168
170
44
3531302140382523
2325~
38
371730-
12
191422252722
20
1030
Phosphoria
4.3120
8.660~
6.22.1
20560470
330Tensleep
454040
3.393
1704.92.1
1.62.0--
17Madison
405.32.1-
79
1515
1.64.37.53.0
4.5Bighorn
2.01.9
72 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
collected from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Sodium Potas- adsorp- sium, Bicar-
tion dissolved bonate ratio (K) (HCO3)
Formation and related rocks
.1 1.1
2.3
1
.2
.1
.475
6Sandstone
0.9.8.8.1
23
.1
.1
.1
.3Limestone
.7
.2
.1
2
.5
.5--
.1
.2
.1
.1Dolomite
.1
.1
19 1802.2
10 190
1.71.18.6
18 7307.6 370
5.4
13 21013132.2
20 22229 140
.70 270
.60
.501.6 250
7.0 479
152.71.1
4.0
6.8 1806.6
.502.04.61.6
2.0
.90
.90
Alka linity,
Car- total bonate (as (C03) CaC03)
2370
1590
183208377
00
347
0198210175
000
157
1950
0
213161266
104
0159201192204172
175
93177
Sulfate, Chloride, Fluoride, Silica, dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved (asSO4) (Cl) (F) (asSiO2)
54480
29470
475086
1,6002,300
900
360270270
16482710
8.211
2.98.2
84
40027
3.6
560
4537
3.38.3
179.3
16
3.65.0
1.390
6.238
4.7<.10
28220
76
25
405049
3.279
1405.32.2
2.43.5
23
465.4
.90
2.1
12112.34.36.04.3
5.0
.501.2
.602.0
.401.5
.40
.301.32.11.1
.30
0.702.92.9
.403.12.4
.20
.10
<.10.30
1.2
2.5.50.20
.20
.70
.70<.10
.20
.30
.20
<.10
.20
.10
8.3211213
127.2
169.4
14
10
363535122138
8.58.3
8.38.8
18
4024
8.4
20
2120
8.19.19.57.5
11
8.68.0
Dissolved solids, sum
of con stituents
302994215877
258268537
3,2003,690
1,650
763691714208
1,0101,410
232196
212218
547
878226264
920
244245216209238188
209
102178
Nitrogen, NO2+NO3, dissolved
.250--
.200
.200
.170<.050----
<.100
--<0.100
1.40.200
-----
.200
.200--
._
<.100<.100
.300
<.050
<.050.200
1.301.10.920
.600
.200
.400
Phos phorus,
total (P)
.260--
.020
.010
.010------
<.010
--<0.010<.010<.010-----
.010
<.010~
_-
<.010<.010<.010
.030
<.010.010.040.010
-
<.010
<.010<.010
WATER QUALITY 73
Table 11 . Chemical analyses and physical properties of water samples
Local number (pl-2)
40-091-19ddb01
29-097- 19bcb0130-099- 19adc014N-6W-35cbd01
Date sampled
06-03-92
06-20-9006-23-9006-28-90
Well depth
(ft)
Spring
SpringSpringSpring
Specific conduc tance
(|xS/cm)
200
162410
56
pH (standard
units)
7.0
7.17.46.7
Water temper
ature (°C)
10.0
7.06.04.0
Hard ness (as
CaC03)
84
71210
27
Calcium, dissolved
(Ca)
25
2149
9.0
Magne sium,
dissolved (Mg)
5.1
4.521
1.1
Sodium, dissolved
(Na)Cambrian
4.5
Flathead
5.33.21.0
Precambrian
27-100-04dcd0127-102-OlcdcOl28-097- llbdaOl28-097- 15add0128-097-16bdb01
28-097-23dcb0128-098-24bcb0128-101-07bcb0128-101-08cad0129-095-15abd01
29-097-29aca0129-098-35bdb0129-099- lOddcOl29-099- 16ada0129-101-33bba01
31-093-09adc0131-093-24ccd017N-4W-30aac01
06-22-9006-22-9006-21-9006-21-9006-21-90
06-21-9006-21-9006-19-9006-19-9006-24-90
06-20-9006-20-9006-20-9006-20-9006-19-90
07-21-9107-22-9109-05-89
SpringSpringSpringSpringSpring
SpringSpringSpringSpringSpring
SpringSpringSpringSpringSpring
SpringSpringSpring
244260165260282
280261245282
1,100
18715584
149127
295240342
7.17.67.07.07.3
7.17.87.07.27.5
7.46.96.96.86.6
7.77.07.4
6.57.06.06.06.5
6.06.08.0
29.0
«
7.59.08.57.0
8.07.56.5
8588--
110~
~~-
120270
-
57~
46-
130100180
2627~
38~
~-~
3970
-
15-
13~
453145
4.85.1~
4.8-
----
6.322
-
4.7-
3.2--
4.85.8
16
1716~
7.3-
--~
9.0130
-
6.9-
5.5~
8.06.82.3
'Sequential replicate (split) sample.
74 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
collected from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Sodium adsorp
Potas sium,
Alka linity,
Bicar- Car- totaltion dissolved bonate bonate (asratio
rocks
.2Sandstone
.3
.1
.1rocks
.8
.7
(K) (
1.1
.90
2.5
.50
3.3
4.0
[HCOa) (C03) CaC03)
74
73
201
27
113
114
Sulfate, Chloride, Fluoride, Silica,dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved(asS04)
16
6.5
20
2.0
13
16
(CD
2.2
.10
1.1
.50
9.2
10
(F)
.20
.20
<.10
.20
.50
.50
(as SiO2)
17
15
8.9
6.0
38
39
Dissolved solids,
sumof con
stituents
119
99
228
37
181
188
Nitrogen,N02+N03,dissolved
.640
.400
.400
<.100
.300
.400
Phos phorus,
total(P)
-
.100
<.010
.040
.020
.010
.3 1.5 113 17 1.8 .20 21 160 .200 <.010
0.4
3
.4
.4
.3
.3
.1
4.015
2.0
1.9
1.8
.90
.60
130179
64
58
137
90182
16220
9.1
6.0
9.517
3.0
10120
.40
.10
.804.3.60
0.401.8
.20
.10
.20
.20
.10
1628
14
16
211910
180714
92
81
176141
187
0.200<.100
.300
.200
.420
.490
.110
<0.010<.010
<.010
<.010
.020
.030
<.010
WATER QUALITY 75
Alluvium and colluvium
Terrace deposits
Glacial deposits
Landslide deposits
Dune sand and loess
Miocene rocks
Arikaree Formation
White River Formation
Tepee Trail Formation
Wagon Bed Formation
Bridger Formation
Crooks Gap ConglomerateLaney Member of the
Green River FormationWasatch Formation
Battle Spring Formation
Wind River Formation
Fort Union Formation
Mesaverde Formation
Cody Shale
Frontier Formation
Mowry Shale
Thermopolis Shale
Cloverly Formation
Morrison Formation
Gypsum Spring Formation
Nugget Sandstone
Chugwater Formation
Phosphoria Formation
Tensleep Sandstone
Madison Limestone
Bighorn Dolomite
Cambrian rocks
Flathead Sandstone
Precambrain rocks
- | 0
- c- X(2)
- -§(6)
- -a--*C(3)
- &
- Xd)
Xd)-
-Xd)
-W(2)
-
--
- -r
- x :
--
-i
- <i>
-sw
KX@)
Ll ! 02)
] (8)
Xd)
(4)
(8)
-(5)
Xd)
H 5 i |
X
X X(2)
1
Xd)<(2)
Ho. h- (5)
X X(2)
Xd)
xd)-T~5~l(5)
1 (8)
do)
(10)
/Secondary maximum contaminant level, 500 milligrams per liter, for public drinking-water supplies, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1991c
25th quartile 75th quartile Number of ^\ ^s^ /'sites
Minimum Median Mean Maximum
Median and mean have overlapping values
X Individual dissolved-solids concentration
o
I do)
/Wyoming water-quality standard for agricultural use, Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, 1993, p. 9
-
-
~
-
-
-
-
-
-
- (77)
X(2)
(6) *| -
________ (11)
-
-
-
-
-
-
;.-
/Wyoming water-quality standard for livestock use, Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, 1993, p. 9
i ....
1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000
DISSOLVED-SOLIDS CONCENTRATION, IN MILLIGRAMS PER LITER
6,000 7,000
Figure 11. Distribution of dissolved-solids concentrations in water samples from wells completed in and springs issuing from selected geologic units in Fremont County, Wyoming.
76 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
414
637
482
238
329
Allu
vium
and
C
ollu
vium
41
-106
-16b
ba01
3N
-1W
-21a
ca01
Terr
ace
depo
sits
33
-099
-08a
cc01
Mio
cene
roc
ks
30-0
95-1
3aac
01W
hite
R
iver
Form
atio
n31
-095
-12b
db01
Wag
on
Bed
Form
atio
n31
-096
-25b
aa01
1880
805
1040
Win
d R
iver
For
mat
ion
42-1
07-2
3cac
01
Cle
verly
For
mat
ion
33-0
90-2
8bc0
1C
hugw
ater
For
mat
ion
33-0
94-2
6ddb
01E
XP
LAN
AT
ION
14
1N
a +
K m
Cl
+ F
2740
Ca
HC
O3
+ C
O3
Pre
cam
bria
n ro
cks
31-0
93-2
4ccd
01
Cod
y S
hale
32
-096
-32a
cd01
1650
268
232
264
10 8
64
20
24
68
10
C
once
ntra
tion,
in
milli
equi
vale
nt p
er l
iter
Num
ber
abov
e di
agra
m d
enot
es d
isso
lved
-sol
ids
conc
entra
tion,
in
m
illig
ram
s pe
r lit
er.
Num
ber
belo
w d
iagr
am d
enot
es l
ocal
num
ber
of s
ampl
ing
site
. 141
I m DO
O I
Pho
spho
ria
Form
atio
nde
ep w
ell
6N-3
W-2
1dcb
01
Pho
spho
ria F
orm
atio
nsp
ring
33-1
01-2
5aaa
01
Tens
leep
San
dsto
ne
33-1
00-1
8bdd
01M
adis
on
Lim
esto
ne
31-1
00-2
5abd
01P
reca
mbr
ian
rock
s 31
-093
-24c
cd01
Figu
re 1
2. M
odifi
ed S
tiff
diag
ram
s sh
owin
g m
ajor
cat
ions
and
ani
ons
in s
elec
ted
wat
er s
ampl
es f
rom
w
ells
com
plet
ed i
n an
d sp
rings
iss
uing
fro
m s
elec
ted
wat
er-b
earin
g un
its
in
Frem
ont
Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g.
109°
15'
f-
I 3 3)
O m 0) o m
o 8
EX
PL
AN
AT
ION
SO
UR
CE
OF
WA
TER
FO
R W
ELL
OR
SP
RIN
G
o
Allu
vium
and
col
luvi
um
D
Terr
ace
depo
sit
(2)
Num
ber
in
pare
nthe
ses
indi
cate
s nu
mbe
r of
wel
ls o
r sp
rings
at
that
site
43-is
-k .r
*>
!-U
_
*.
R.
110
W.
109
1081187
RIV
ER
TO
N
RE
CLA
MA
TIO
N
WIT
HD
RA
WA
L A
RE
ABa
se f
rom
U.S
. G
eolo
gica
l S
urve
y 1:
500,
000
Wyo
min
g St
ate
base
map
, 19
80
1020
30 M
ILE
S
10
20
30 K
ILO
ME
TER
SI<
«V
JT
.27
N.
R.
102
W.
101
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
R. 9
0 W
.
Figu
re 1
3. L
ocat
ion
of w
ater
-qua
lity
sam
plin
g si
tes
in
Frem
ont
Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g, f
or s
elec
ted
wel
ls c
ompl
eted
in
and
spr
ings
iss
uing
fro
m Q
uate
rnar
y al
luvi
um a
nd c
ollu
vium
, an
d te
rrac
e de
posi
ts.
Five water samples were collected for chemical analysis from wells completed in and springs issuing from the Wagon Bed Formation all as part of this study. Two sites are located in the south-central part of the county, and three sites are located in the northeast corner of the county (fig. 14). Dissolved-solids concentrations of water samples from the wells and springs ranged from 207 to 572 mg/L (table 11). The modified Stiff diagram (fig. 12) shows that the water was a calcium-sodium carbonate type. Water samples from the Wagon bed Formation was analyzed for radium-226 and uranium. A radium-226 concentration of 0.4 +/- 0.215 pCi/L and uranium concentration of 1.3 +/- 0.2 jig/L were detected in the sample (table 13).
Eighty water samples from 70 sites were collected for chemical analysis from wells completed in and springs issuing from the Wind River Formation 35 as part of this study and 45 between 1948 and 1990 as part of other studies. The sites are located in the north-central part of the county (fig. 15). Dissolved-solids concen trations of water samples from these wells and springs ranged from 248 to 5,110 mg/L (table 11). The modified Stiff diagram (fig. 12) shows that the water was a sodium-calcium sulfate type. Samples from selected wells and springs were analyzed for specific trace elements and those concentrations are reported in table 12. One water sample contained a selenium concentration of 58 |lg/L, which is above the MCL of 50 |lg/L set by the EPA (table 8), Seven water samples for the Wind River Formation were analyzed for radium-226 and uranium (table 13). The sample collected in 1991 as part of this study had a radon concentration of 1.2 +/-0.400 pCi/L, and a uranium concentration of 76 +/-11 |lg/L. Ten water samples were analyzed for selected pesticides (table 14). One sample had a detectable level of two of the selected pesticides 2,4-D and dicamba.
Mesozoic Rocks
Thirty-eight water samples were collected for chemical analysis, and nine water samples were collected only for field analysis from wells completed in and springs issuing from Mesozoic rocks. These samples consist of 2 from the Mesaverde Formation, 6 from the Cody Shale, 12 from the Frontier Formation, 1 from the Mowry Shale, 2 from the Thermopolis Shale, 5 from the Cloverly Formation, 3 from the Morrison Formation, 1 from the Gypsum Spring Formation, 1 from the Nugget Sandstone, and 5 from the Chugwater Formation. The chemical characteristics of the water samples from the Cody Shale, the Frontier Formation, the Cloverly Formation, and the Chugwater Formation are discussed in the following section.
Six water samples were collected for chemical analysis from wells completed in the Cody Shale four as part of this study and two during 1945 and 1965 as part of previous studies. These samples are from wells in the central part of the county (fig. 16). Dissolved-solids concentrations of water samples from these wells ranged from 1,140 to 6,850 mg/L (table 11). All water samples collected from wells completed in the Cody Shale had dissolved-solids concentrations 2 to 14 times greater than the SMCL of 500 mg/L set by the EPA (table 8). The modified Stiff diagram (fig. 12) shows that the water was a sodium sulfate type. Water from three wells was analyzed for specific trace elements and those concentrations are reported in table 12. One water sample contained a selenium concentration of 90 |lg/L, which exceeds the MCL of 50 |ig/L set by the EPA (table 8).
Twelve water samples from 11 sites were collected for chemical analysis from wells completed in and springs issuing from the Frontier Formation 6 as part of this study, and 6 between 1945 and 1990 as part of other investigations. The samples are from wells located in the central part of the county, mainly along the foothills of the Wind River Range (fig. 16). Dissolved-solids concentrations of water samples from these wells and springs ranged from 280 to 6,030 mg/L (table 11). The water type was highly variable and no site could be considered as representative of the Frontier Formation. Water from five wells and one spring was analyzed for specific trace elements, and those concentrations are reported in table 12. One water sample was analyzed for specific pesticides (table 14) but none were detected.
WATER QUALITY 79
Table 12. Concentrations of selected trace elements of water samples[Local number: See text describing well-numbering system in the section titled
Local numberDate
sampled
Aluminum, Arsenic, Barium, Boron, Cadmium, dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved
(Al) (As) (Ba) (Ba) (Cd)Quaternary Alluvium
!N-lE-34bcb01
!N-4E-31dcc01
!S-lE-31dda01!S-lW-06caa012N-lE-13ccc01
30-094-20bbc013N-lW-21aca013N-lW-22cac0141-105-30dba0141-107-03aa01
4N-3W-08bbd014N-4W-02cda014N-4W-02dcb014N-4W-26bcb015N-5W-36daa01
!N-lW-29bdb01!S-lE-32acd014N-4W-23adc01
3N-2W-17acb01
37-089-3 IcccOl
28-094- llaacOlLAT-LONG4243441075923
7N-5W-lldbb017N-5W-13bac017N-5W-13bdb01
31-096-25baa0132-095-34cad01
28-094- 17abd01
27-09 l-05ddc01
27-101-35dca01
27-093-14cad01
11-02-66
11-06-65
10-06-65
09-03-89
09-15-65
07-23-91
08-03-89
08-04-89
05-19-92
09-21-65
11-04-65
10-26-66
04-28-66
08-02-89
06-29-90
08-01-89
10-05-65
04-28-66
11-04-65
08-04-91
07-22-91
07-21-91
10-19-89
09-05-89
10-19-89
06-12-91
06-12-91
07-22-91
08-23-91
11-17-76
07-24-91
660
170
80
<1 - 140
20
,.
1 17 150
1 26 120
100
70
60
50
1 93 90
170
<1 -- 90
50
20
30
<10 <1 8 140
10 12 83 20
<1 -- 10
<1 -- 10
6 - 20
40 5 24 40
10 <1 14 <10
50
-
~
~
~
-
-
<1.0
<1.0--
~--
<1.0-
Quaternary~
~
-
Quaternary~
Quaternary Dune
<1.0
White River
2.0~
Tepee Trail~
~
--
Wagon Bed-
~
Bridger
1.0
Crooks Gap
<1.0
Laney Member of-
Battle Spring
80 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
collected from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming
Ground-Water Data. Analytical results in micrograms per liter; -no data; <, less than]
Chromium, Copper, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Selenium, Silver, Zinc, dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved
(Cr) (Cu) (Fe) (Pb)_____(Mn)_____(Hg)_____(Se) (Ag) (Zn) and Colluvium
<3 <1
12300 71 1.0
2011
10
Terrace Deposits
10 <3
<1 56
Glacial Deposits
Sand and Loess<1 <1
Formation<1 <1
10 <1
17 <1
8
2
<3
5
Formation
Formation
Formation2 <1
Formation
the Green River Formation
Formation
104
16
36
20
100
480
2
2
20
39
<4
<3
7
WATER QUALITY 81
Table 12. Concentrations of selected trace elements of water
Local number
lN-lE-03bbb01 !N-3E-16cca01 !N-4E-12ccc01 !S-2E-14aaa01 !S-4E-09cdb01
lS-5E-llacc01 2N-lE-36bda01 2N-2E-32ccc0133-090-22dd0133-090-28abb01
33-096- 16add0133-096-33dbc0134-092-04ddd01 34-094-12bca01 36-093- 18ad01
36-094-36dcc0137-089- 18ada0137-094- IScdbOl38-093-28bbc01 3N-lE-09cda01
3N-2E-02cdc01 3N-2W-01add02 3N-3E-26aba023N-4E-29dcc02 3N-5E-33dcc01
41-107-12ab03 42-107-23cac01 4N-lE-llbbd01 4N-lE-18dbc01 4N-lW-04cbb01
4N-lW-25daa014N-4E-13dbd014N-4E-19cdd01 5N-4E-21ccd01 5N-5E-33aba01
6N-3W-33ccd01 7N-lE-19cca01
!S-2E-09bbb0134-093- 19ddc02
Date sampled
08-31-66 10-19-48 10-21-48 06-26-90 07-24-90
11-05-65 09-01-89 09-01-8902-08-5108-21-91
06-25-9106-25-91
07-20-91 06-27-65 08-27-65
08-27-6508-18-9108-22-91
08-05-91 11-01-66
08-19-91 08-04-89 10-19-48
08-19-91 10-16-48
09-27-65 09-21-65 11-02-66 11-02-66 10-31-66
12-19-6608-19-91
08-19-91 10-26-66 10-26-66
10-31-66 04-28-65
11-06-6506-26-91
Aluminum, Arsenic, Barium, Boron, dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved
(Al) (As) (Ba) (Ba)
190 120 300 160 160
330 <1 - 380 <1 - 40
2,600
10 <1 8 420..
180 220
90..
160
<10 <1 16 220 -29 160
120
340
80 70 70 50 90
30..
190 230
170 30
180..
Cadmium, dissolved
(Cd)Wind River
~
~
2.0-
__
~
-
~
-
1.0 <1.0
-
--
~~
_
Fort Union~
--
82 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
samples collected from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Chromium, Copper, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Selenium, Silver, Zinc, dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved
(Cr) (Cu) (Fe) (Pb) (Mn)_____(Hg)_____(Se) (Ag) (Zn) Formation
25047
1004
50160 120
58
<1
14
200 <1
54
13 <3
19
6533
80
7
0.2 102
2015
73
Formation
<1
WATER QUALITY 83
Table 12. Concentrations of selected trace elements of water
Local number
34-092-22bdc01
32-096-32acd0133-098-06ccd0134-091-13bbc01
!N-lE-33bbb01IS-lW-OSccbOl!S-lW-15cca0133-095-27bcd0133-099-35cac014N-4W-14ccb01
33-094-27adb01
32-099-34abc0133-099-23dc01
6N-2W-22cbb01
33-094-26ddb014N-5W-14dcd01
2S-lW-20bdb015N-6W-14dad015N-6W-35ada01
!S-lW-02aad01
2S-2E-19ccc0140-106-22aca014N-6W-01aca01
3N-5W-10bcb017N-4W-30ccb01
40-091-1 9ddb01
4N-6W-35cbd01
28-097- ISaddOl31-093-09adc0131-093-24ccd017N-4W-30aac01
Date sampled
07-21-91
06-13-9106-11-9108-22-91
07-02-6807-02-6806-26-9006-24-9106-10-9111-04-65
06-25-91
10-14-6510-13-65
09-04-89
06-25-9106-29-90
08-01-8909-30-6410-01-65
07-02-6809-03-8910-16-89
08-02-9005-20-9206-29-90
06-28-9009-05-89
06-03-92
06-28-90
06-21-9007-21-9107-22-9109-05-89
Aluminum, Arsenic, Barium, Boron, dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved
(Al) (As) (Ba) (Ba)
_
..
2,90070
950....
2,000
790860
<1 - 590
..
<1 - 310
<1 -- 20480
60
150
26 48 15022 49 140
10
<10 <1 62 201 - 20
<1 -- <10<1 -- 20
10 <1 28 20
<1 -- <10
5120 3 17 20
<10 2 21 10<1 - <10
Cadmium, dissolved
(Cd)Mesaverde
Cody-
~
-
Frontier~
-
~
-
-
-
Mowry-
Morrison-
~
Gysum Spring~
Chugwater~
-
Phosphoria--
~
-
Tensleep-
<1.0
1.0Madison-
<1.0-
Bighorn-
-
Cambrian
<1.0Flathead-
Precambrian
<1.0<1.0
1.0-
84 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
samples collected from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Chromium, Copper, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Selenium, Silver, Zinc, dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved dissolved
(Cr) (Cu) (Fe) (Pb) (Mn)_____(Hg)_____(Se) (Ag) (Zn) Formation
Shale
Formation
90
80 290
Shale
Formation
Formation
Formation11
-..-
Formation and related rocks
Sandstone
<1 1
<1 1Limestone
-
<1 <1..
Dolomite..
..
rocks
<1 <1
Sandstone..
rocks
<5 <10
3 <1<1 1--
53 - 2012 -- 15
10 <1 1
.. __ -»
4 <1 8 <0.133 <1 8 <.l
12 - 81<3 <1 <1
3 -- <1
7 -- <121 - 17
12 <1 <1 <.l
45 -- <1
10 <10 <1100 <1 <1 <.l
11 <1 <1 <.l<3 -- <1
--
1
3
..
<1 <1.0 31<1 <1.0 9
<1<1 <1.0 12
I
<l<1
<1 3.0 5
<1
<1.0 <3<1 <1.0 5<1 <1.0 <3<1
WATER QUALITY 85
Table 13. Concentrations of selected radiochemical species in water samples from selected streamflow sites, wells, and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming
[Local number: See text describing well-numbering system in the section titled Ground-Water Data, ft, feet below land surface; pCi/L, picocuries per liter; ug/L, micrograms per liter; <, less than; --, no data]
Station name (site number)
(pi. 3) or
Local number (well depth, ft)
(pl-2)
Radium-226, dissolved, planchet count, plus or minus
two standard Date deviations
sampled (pCi/L)Streamflow sites
Rock Creek at mouth, near South Pass City (585) 09-18-91 0.1 +/- 0.100Sweetwater River above Harris Slough, near 09- 18-91 <0. 1 South Pass City (587)
Sweetwater River at Wilson Bar, near South Pass 09- 1 9-91 <0. 1 City (589)Sweetwater River at Mclntosh Ranch frey City (604)Sweetwater River below Jeffrey City
4N-4W-26bcb01 (9)
32-090- llaaaOl (Spring)
40-092-3 IbabOl (400)
27-091-05ddc01 (Spring)
33-090-28aa01 (84)
33-090-28abb01 (Spring)
33-090-28cc01 (105)
33-090-28db01 (265)
33-090-32aa01 (338)33-090-32aa02 (207)37-09 l-23ac01 (265)
33-090-23bc01 (1,050)
33-090-28bc01 (1,050)
42-107-32dbd01 (80)
!S-lW-02aad01 (Spring)
33-089-18cdc01 (1,670)
40-091-19ddb01 (Spring)
.nearJef- 09-22-91 <0.1
(607) 09-22-91 0.1 +/- 0.100
Quaternary Alluvium and Colluvium
08-02-89
White River Formation
10-03-63 0.4+/-0.1
Wagon Bed Formation
06-03-92 0.4+/-0.215
Crooks Gap Conglomerate
08-23-91 0.7 +/- 0.300
Wind River Formation
01-14-64 23 +/- 5
08-21-91 1.2 +/- 0.400
11-19-62 11+/-2
01-15-64 11+/-2
01-15-64 5.1 +/- 1.011-19-62 6.2+/-1.210-18-60 0.3+/-0.1
Cloverly Formation
01-15-64 1.8+/-0.4
09-19-61 2.1+/-0.4
Phosphoria Formation and related rocks
05-22-92 2.6 +/- 0.697
Tensleep Sandstone
10-16-89
07-16-64 69+/-14
Cambrian rocks
06-03-92 0.4+/-0.217
Uranium, natural, dissolved, plus or
minus two standard deviations
(ug/L)
2.1+/-0.3
0.80 +/- 0.1
0.90 +/- 0.1
3.5 +/- 0.5
7.0+/-1.1
<8.9
14 +/- 1
1.3+/-0.2
<0.40
13 +/- 1
76+/-11
2.0 +/- 0.4
7 +/- 0.7<0.4<0.4<0.1
0.8 +/- 0.4
0.2+/-0.1
<0.40
<0.40
<0.4
1.1+/-0.2
86 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Five water samples were collected for chemical analysis from wells completed in and a spring issuing from the Cloverly Formation two as part of this study, and three between 1961 and 1964 as part of previous investigations. These samples are from sites in the south-central and east-central parts of the county (fig. 16). Dissolved-solids concentrations in the water at these sites ranged from 397 to 1,500 mg/L (table 11). The modified Stiff diagram (fig. 12) shows that the water was a sodium sulfate type. Two wells had water samples analyzed for radium-226 and uranium data (table 13).
Five water samples were collected for chemical analysis from wells completed in and springs issuing from the Chugwater Formation four as part of this study, and one in 1965 as part of a previous investigation. These samples are from sites in the central and northeast parts of the county (fig. 16). Dissolved-solids concentrations in the water at these sites ranged from 403 to 1,040 mg/L (table 11). The modified Stiff diagram (fig. 12) shows that the water was a calcium sulfate type. Water samples from two springs were analyzed for specific trace elements; those concentrations are reported in table 12. Two sites were sampled 11 times between June 1990 and November 1991 for pesticides (table 14). All samples had detectable concentrations of picloram. Additionally, two samples had detectable levels of 2,4-D, three samples had detectable levels of dicamba and one had a detectable level of 2,4-DP.
Paleozoic Rocks
Thirty-eight water samples were collected for chemical analysis, and three samples were collected only for field analysis from wells completed in and springs issuing from Paleozoic rocks. These samples consist of 10 from the Phosphoria Formation and related rocks, 11 from the Tensleep Sandstone, 11 from the Madison Limestone, 2 from the Bighorn Dolomite, 1 from Cambrian rocks, and 3 from the Flathead Sandstone. The chemical characteristics of the water samples from the Phosphoria Formation and related rocks, Tensleep Sandstone, and the Madison Limestone, are discussed in the following section.
Ten water samples were collected for chemical analysis from wells completed in and springs issuing from the Phosphoria Formation and related rocks five as part of this study, and five between 1964 and 1989 as part of other investigations. These samples are from sites in the western and central parts of the county (fig. 17). Dissolved-solids concentrations in the water at these sites ranged from 215 to 3,690 mg/L (table 11). Modified Stiff diagrams (fig. 12) show that the water was two types sodium sulfate and calcium-magnesium carbonate. On the basis of the 10 water samples collected, a sodium sulfate type of water was present in the deeper wells (greater than 80 feet), and a calcium-magnesium carbonate type of water was present in the shallow wells (less than or equal to 80 feet) and springs. Water from two wells and one spring was analyzed for specific trace elements; those concentrations are reported in table 12. One water sample was analyzed for radium-226 and uranium (table 13).
Eleven water samples from eight sites were collected for chemical analysis from wells completed in and springs issuing from the Tensleep Sandstone three as part of this study, and eight between 1956 and 1989 as part of other investigations. These samples are from sites in the western and south-central parts of the county (fig. 17). Dissolved-solids concentrations in the water at these sites ranged from 196 to 1,410 mg/L (table 11). The modified Stiff diagram (fig. 12) shows that the water was a calcium-magnesium carbonate type. Three water samples from one spring were analyzed for specific trace elements (table 12). Two water samples were analyzed for radium-226 and uranium (table 13).
Eleven water samples from 10 sites were collected for chemical analysis from wells completed in and springs issuing from the Madison Limestone six as part of this study, and five between 1965 and 1990 as part of other investigations. These samples are from sites in the western and northwestern parts of the county (fig. 17). Dissolved-solids concentrations of the water at these sites ranged from 188 to 920 mg/L (table 11). The modified Stiff diagram (fig. 12) shows that the water was a calcium-magnesium carbonate type. Water samples from one well and two springs were analyzed for specific trace elements and those concentrations are reported in table 12.
WATER QUALITY 87
Table 14. Concentrations of selected pesticides in water[Local number: see text describing well-numbering system in the section.
Local number (pl-2)
!N-4E-llccd01
33-1 00-2 IcaaOl33-100-22bbc01
33-100-22dcc0133-100-23cda01
4N-4W-26bcb01
33-099-08acc014N-4W-09cad014N-4W-23bab01
!N-4E-14dcb01
2N-2E-32ccc012N-6E-19bab012N-4E-01cbc022N-5E-04bbb01
2N-5E-04bbb023N-4E-29dcc023N-2E-02cdc014N-4W-22adb01
Date
08-19-8708-11-9106-19-9005-31-9006-19-9007-24-9008-29-9009-20-9011-26-9002-25-9105-29-9107-02-9108-02-9109-11-9111-26-9105-31-9006-28-9008-29-9009-20-9011-26-9002-25-9105-29-9107-02-9108-02-9109-11-9111-26-91
08-02-89
08-23-9108-03-8908-03-89
08-19-8708-10-9109-01-8908-20-9108-22-9108-19-87
08-10-9108-19-9108-19-9108-02-89
Methyl Ethion Malathion Parathion Diazinon parathion
Primary geologic..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
_.
..
..
..
..
Quaternary Alluvium..
Quaternary..
<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01<.01 <.01 <.01 <01 <.01
Wind River
..
..
..
..-
..
..
..
88 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
samples from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyomingtitled Ground-Water Data. Analytical results in micrograms per liter; --, no data; <, less than]
Picloram 2,4-Dunit unknown
<0.01 <0.01
2.0 <.01 .41 <.01 .80 <.01
1.9 <.01 .28 .05 .76 <.01
2.3 <.01 4.2 <.01 1.1 <.01 1.3 <.01 .06 <.01
Methyl 2,4,5-T Silvex Trithion trithion Dicamba 2,4-DP
<0.01 <0.01 -- -- <0.01 <0.01 <.01 <.01 -- -- <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 ~ ~ <.01 <.01
<.01 <.01 -- ~ <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 -- <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 -- -- <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 -- -- <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 -- <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01
.02
.16
.21
.17
.24
.20
.47
.96
.60
.26
.07 and Colluvium
Terrace Deposits
Formation
.04
.02 .01
.01
.01
3.8 3.9
WATER QUALITY 89
Table 14. Concentrations of selected pesticides in water
Local number (pl-2)
33-100-1 laccOl
33-100-21adb01
33-100-28abb01
Date
08-11-91
06-28-9007-24-9008-29-9009-20-9011-26-9002-25-9105-29-9107-02-9108-02-9109-11-9111-26-9106-19-9007-24-9008-29-9009-20-9011-26-9002-25-9105-29-9107-02-9108-02-9109-11-9111-26-91
Methyl Ethion Malathion Parathion Diazinon parathion
Frontier
Chugwater-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
_.
..
..
..
..
90 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
samples from selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Picloram 2,4-DFormation
<0.01 <0.01 Formation
.11 <01
.25 <.01
.12 .01
.09 <.01
.32 <.01
.15 <.01
.14 <.01
.29 <.01
.24 <.01
.36 <.01
.22 <.01 1.4 <.01 2.7 <.01 2.1 .01 1.3 <.01 1.8 <.01 .60 <.01
1.3 <.01 3.5 <.01 6.2 <.01 2.9 <.01
.80 <.01
Methyl 2,4,5-T Silvex Trithion trithion Dicamba 2,4-DP
<0.01 <0.01 -- - <0.01 <0.01
<.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 -- -- <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01
<.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 - - .36 <-01
<.01 <.01 -- -- .02 <.01 <.01 <.01 -- <.01 <.01
<.01 <.01 -- <.01 .05 <.01 <.01 -- -- <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 -- -- <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <.01 <-01
<.01 <.01 -- .01 <.01
<.01 <.01 -- <.01 <.01
WATER QUALITY 91
8 m 3D
3D m i 3D
O m 3 m
O o
O
EX
PL
AN
AT
ION
SO
UR
CE
OF
WAT
ER
FOR
WE
LL O
R S
PRIN
G
o M
ioce
ne
rock
s
n W
hite
R
iver
For
mat
ion
A
Wag
on
Bed
Form
atio
n
(2)
Num
ber
in
pare
nthe
ses
indi
cate
s nu
mbe
r of
wel
ls o
r sp
rings
at
that
site
43°1
5'
R.
110
W.
109
108T
To
?"
»,*
»V
- W
IW
11L
. i
/,
JJA
TD
NA
L
A*
1 fg
W
Base
fro
m U
.S.
Geo
logi
cal
Sur
vey \
1:50
0,00
0 W
yom
ing
Stat
e ba
se m
ap, \
1980
A
1020
30 M
ILE
S
10
20
30 K
ILO
ME
TER
ST. 2
7 N.
R. 1
02 W.
101
100
99
98
97
96
95
9493
Figu
re 1
4. L
ocat
ion
of w
ater
-qua
lity
sam
plin
g si
tes
in
Frem
ont
Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g,
sele
cted
wel
ls c
ompl
eted
in
and
spr
ings
iss
uing
fro
m M
ioce
ne r
ocks
, W
hite
Rh
Fo
rmat
ion,
and
Wag
on
Bed
Form
atio
n.
for
liver
k109
°30'
I 3 o
EX
PL
AN
AT
ION
SO
UR
CE
O
F W
ATE
R
FOR
WE
LL O
R S
PR
ING
o
Win
d R
iver
For
mat
ion
(2)
Num
ber
in p
aren
thes
es i
ndic
ates
num
ber
of w
ells
or
sprin
gs a
t th
at s
ite
Jt-7
~
1~
- 42
N-
R.
110
W.
109
108
RIV
ER
TON
R
EC
LAM
ATI
ON
W
ITH
DR
AW
A^A
RE
AC
Base
fro
m U
.S.
Geo
logi
cal
Surv
ey
1:50
0,00
0 W
yom
ing
Stat
e ba
se m
ap,
Y19
80
MO
UN
TAIN
10
20
30
KIL
OM
ET
ER
Sl-^,
JT
.27
N.
R.
102
W.
101
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
R.
90 W
.
Figu
re 1
5. L
ocat
ion
of w
ater
-qua
lity
sam
plin
g si
tes
in
Frem
ont
Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g, f
or
wel
ls c
ompl
eted
in
and
spr
ings
is
suin
g fro
m t
he W
ind
Riv
er F
orm
atio
n.
v!09
°30'
109°
15'
I m 3)
3) m § m
w O 3J m
O 8
43°1
5'la
ofc
.^.
..i.-
R.
110
W.
109
EX
PL
AN
AT
ION
SO
UR
CE
OF
WAT
ER F
OR
WE
LL O
R S
PR
ING
o C
ody
Sha
le
Fron
tier
Form
atio
n
A
Clo
verly
For
mat
ion
v
Chu
gwat
er F
orm
atio
n
(2)
Num
ber
in p
aren
thes
es i
ndic
ates
num
ber
of w
ells
or
sprin
gs a
t th
at s
ite T.
41
N.
40 39
RIV
ER
TO
N
RE
CLA
MA
TIO
N
WIT
HD
RA
WA
L A
RE
ABa
se f
rom
U
.S.
Geo
logi
cal
Sur
vey
1:50
0,00
0 W
yom
ing
Stat
e ba
se m
ap,
1980
10
20
30
KIL
OM
ETE
RS
r***,
JT.2
7N.
R. 1
02 W.
101
100
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
R. 9
0 W.
Figu
re 1
6. L
ocat
ion
of w
ater
-qua
lity
sam
plin
g si
tes
in
Frem
ont
Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g, f
or
sele
cted
wel
ls c
ompl
eted
in
and
sprin
gs i
ssui
ng f
rom
the
Cod
y S
hale
and
the
Fr
ontie
r, C
love
rly,
and
Chu
gwat
er F
orm
atio
ns.
i 30
O
Base
fro
m U
.S.
Geo
logi
cal
Sur
vey \
1:50
0,00
0 W
yom
ing
Stat
e ba
se m
ap,
1980
EX
PLA
NA
TIO
N
SO
UR
CE
OF
WAT
ER F
OR
WE
LL O
R S
PR
ING
o Ph
osph
oria
For
mat
ion
and
rela
ted
rock
s
n Te
nsle
ep F
orm
atio
n
A
Mad
ison
Li
mes
tone
v
Prec
ambr
ian
rock
s
0
Pho
spho
ria F
orm
atio
n an
d re
late
d ro
cks,
Te
nsle
ep F
orm
atio
n, o
r M
adis
on
Lim
esto
ne
(2)
Num
ber
in p
aren
thes
es i
ndic
ates
num
ber
of w
ells
or
sprin
gs a
t th
at s
ite
1020
30 M
ILE
S
10
20
30 K
ILO
ME
TER
ST.
27
N.
R. 102 W.
10
1 100
99
98
97
96
95
9493
Figu
re 1
7. L
ocat
ion
of w
ater
-qua
lity
sam
plin
g si
tes
in
Frem
ont
Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g, f
or
sele
cted
wel
ls c
ompl
eted
in
and
sprin
gs i
ssui
ng f
rom
the
Pho
spho
ria F
orm
atio
n an
d re
late
d ro
cks,
Ten
slee
p S
ands
tone
, M
adis
on L
imes
tone
, an
d P
reca
mbr
ian
rock
s.
Precambrian Rocks
Ten water samples were collected for chemical analysis, and eight water samples were collected only for field analysis from springs issuing from Precambrian rocks. The chemical characteristics of the water samples from Precambrian rocks are discussed next.
Ten water samples were collected for chemical analysis from springs issuing from Precambrian rocks nine as part of this study, and one in 1989 as part of another investigation (fig. 17). Dissolved-solids concentrations of water samples from these springs ranged from 81 to 714 mg/L (table 11). The water samples from springs issuing from Precambrian rocks had the lowest average concentration of dissolved solids of any other water-bearing unit for which five or more samples were collected. The modified Stiff diagram (fig. 12) shows that the water was a calcium carbonate type. Four water samples from springs were analyzed for specific trace elements and those concentrations are reported in table 12.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Surface-water, ground-water, and water-quality data were compiled to describe and evaluate the water resources of Fremont County, Wyoming. Streams in the county are ephemeral, intermittent, and perennial. Ephemeral and intermittent streams, which originate in the Plains Region of the county, are characterized by extended periods of no flow. Perennial streams, which originate in the Mountainous Regions, have sustained streamflow as a result of precipitation, low evapotranspiration, ground-water storage, and water stored as glaciers.
The average annual runoff varied for two of three regions that occur in the county. In the Mountainous Region, average annual runoff ranged from 0.90 to 22 in/yr, whereas in the Plains Region, the average annual runoff ranged from 0.06 to 0.72 in/yr. Available streamflow data are insufficient for computing average annual runoff in the High Desert Region.
Geologic units were grouped mainly by age. Groupings include geologic units in Quaternary deposits and Tertiary, Mesozoic, Paleozoic, and Precambrian rocks. The Wind River Formation of Tertiary age is the geologic unit with the most well development in Fremont County. Records of 157 inventoried wells that were completed in the Wind River Formation were included in this report. The Wind River Formation is the most areally extensive water-bearing unit that occurs at the surface. The second most commonly developed geologic unit is the Quaternary alluvium and colluvium (49 wells); however, its surficial extent is limited to the area along major streams and tributaries in the county. Wells and springs that were inventoried during this study that had large measured discharges (more than 300 gal/min) were completed in and issued from the Arikaree Formation of Tertiary age, the Phosphoria Formation and related rocks of Permian age, the Tensleep Sandstone of Permian and Pennsylvanian age, the Madison Limestone of Mississippian age, and the Bighorn Dolomite of Ordovician age.
Geologic units in Fremont County are recharged by one or a combination of the following sources: (1) precipitation that infiltrates the geologic unit in its outcrop area, (2) infiltration of surface water, (3) infiltration of irrigation water, and (4) leakage from another geologic unit, either above or below. Ground-water movement is controlled by the location of recharge and discharge areas and by the thickness and permeability of the geologic unit. Water-level contour maps of the Arikaree aquifer in the Sweetwater Basin show that the general direction of ground-water movement is toward the Sweetwater River. The general direction of ground-water movement in various water-bearing units in the Wind River Basin is toward the Wind River. Ground water is discharged through pumped wells and is naturally discharged by springs and seeps, by evapotranspiration, and by discharge to streams, lakes, drains, and other geologic units.
96 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Prior to 1981, all of Riverton's municipal water supply was from ground water. Water levels monitored in a well affected by pumping from the well field typically were deepest in August when demand for water was greatest. Since 1981, ground water is pumped only to supplement the surface-water treatment plant. Seasonal water levels changed as a result of the plant. Consequently, the water levels now are deepest in the winter and spring (January through May). Water levels in the Wind River Formation near the Riverton municipal well field also appeared to recover in 1983-85 after the plant began operating in 1981.
Water levels in selected wells in Fremont County have been measured as part of a cooperative program between the U.S. Geological Survey and other local, State, and Federal agencies since about 1940. Twelve wells have been monitored either intermittently or continuously from 1948 to the present (1994). These wells were completed in either Quaternary alluvium and colluvium, the Arikaree Formation, or the Wind River Formation. Wells completed in the Quaternary alluvium and colluvium and in the Wind River Formation are located within the Wind River Indian Reservation near Lander and Riverton. Water levels measured from 1966 to 1987 in well !N-4E-33ddb01, which is completed in a confined layer of the Wind River Formation and is located within the radius of influence of the Riverton municipal well field, show periods, over the long term, of recovery and decline.
Surface water supplies about 99 percent of the total offstream use in Fremont County (592 Mgal/d in 1990). Irrigation is the largest offstream use of surface water. Only 1 percent of the total offstream use in the county is supplied by ground water. The largest use of ground water is for public supply. Hydroelectric power generation is the only user of instream water in the county. The estimated water use for hydroelectric power generation in 1990 was 672 Mgal/d.
Twenty-five water-quality samples were collected from the Sweetwater River and its tributaries during an 8-day period of September 16-23, 1991. The sample from the site closest to the headwaters had a dissolved-solids concentration of 42 mg/L. The sample from the site farthest downstream, near the county border, had the largest dissolved-solids concentration, 271 mg/L.
Dissolved-solids concentrations varied greatly for water samples collected from the 34 geologic units inventoried. Dissolved-solids concentrations in all water samples from the Cody Shale of Cretaceous age were 2 to 14 times greater than the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level of 500 mg/L set by the EPA. All water samples collected from Miocene rocks and the White River Formation of Oligocene age had dissolved-solids concentrations less than the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 97
REFERENCES
Ballance, W.C., and Freudenthal, P.B., 1975, Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1974: U.S. Geological Survey Open- File Report, 186 p.
__ 1976, Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1975: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-598, 170 p.
___1977, Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1976: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-686, 187 p.
Borchert, W.B., 1977, Preliminary digital model of the Arikaree aquifer in the Sweetwater River Basin, central Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Open-File Report 77-107, 19 p.
___ 1987, Water-table contours and depth to water in the southeastern part of the Sweetwater River Basin, centralWyoming, 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4205, 1 sheet.
Butler, D. L., 1987, Pesticide data for selected Wyoming streams, 1976-78: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4127,41 p.
Colby, B.R., Hembree, C.H., and Rainwater, F.H., 1956, Sedimentation and chemical quality of surface waters in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1373, 336 p.
Colorado Energy Research Institute, 1981, Water and energy in Colorado's Future~The impacts of energy development on water use in 1985 and 2000: Boulder, Colorado, Westview Press, Iv.
Dobler, Lavinia, 1984,1 Didn't Know That About Wyoming!: Selah, Washington, Misty Mountain Press, 133 p.
Druse, S.A., Glass, W.R., Ritz, G.F., and Smalley, M.L., 1994, Water resources data, Wyoming, water year 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Data Report WY-93-1,459 p.
Freeze, R.A., and Cherry, J,A., 1979, Groundwater: Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 604 p.
Geological Survey of Wyoming, 1990, Wyoming Geo-Notes, Geological Survey of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, Nos. 25, 26, 27, and 28.
Hem, J.D., 1985, Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2254, 263 p.
Hill, Chris, Sutherland, Wayne, and Tierney, Lee, 1976, Caves of Wyoming: Laramie, The Geological Survey of Wyoming Bulletin 59, 230 p., 4 map sheets.
Keefer, W.R., 1957, Geology of the Du Noir area, Fremont County, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper294-E,221p.
___ 1965a, Stratigraphy and geologic history of the uppermost Cretaceous, Paleocene, and lower Eocene rocks in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 495-A, 77 p.
___ 1965b, Geologic history of Wind River Basin, Central Wyoming: Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, v. 49, no. 11, p. 1878-1892.
___ 1970, Structural geology of the Wind River Basin, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Professional Paper 495-D, 35 p.
Kennedy, H.I., and Green, S.L., 1988, Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1978 through September 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-187, 132 p.
___ 1990, Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1980 through September 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-FileReport 90-106, 132 p.
__ 1992, Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1982 through September 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-111, 124 p.
Kennedy, H.I., and Oberender, C.B., 1987, Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1976-1985: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-456, 122 p.
Lageson, David, and Spearing, Darwin, 1988, Roadside geology of Wyoming: Missoula, Montana, Mountain Press Publishing Company, 271 p.
98 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Love, J.D., and Christiansen, A.C., 1985, Geologic map of Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey, scale 1:500,000, 3 sheets.
Love, J.D., Christiansen, A.C., and Ver Ploeg, A.J., 1992, Second draft of a stratigraphic chart showing phanerozoic nomenclature for the state of Wyoming: Laramie, Wyoming, Geological Survey of Wyoming Open-File Report 92-2,1 plate.
Lowham, H.W., 1985, Surface-water quantity, in Lowham, H.W., and others, Hydrology of area 52, Rocky Mountain coal province, Wyoming, Colorado, Idaho, and Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Open-File Report 83-761, p. 32-39.
__ 1988, Streamflows in Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4045,78 p.
Mariner, B.E., 1986, Wyoming climate atlas: Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press, 432 p.
McGreevy, L.J., Warren, G.H., and Rucker S.J., IV, 1969, Ground-water resources of the Wind River Indian Reservation, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1576-1, 145 p.
Morris, D.A., Hackett, O.M., Vanlier, K.E.,and Moulder E.A., 1959, Ground-water resources of Riverton Irrigation Project area, Wyoming, with a section on Chemical quality of ground water, by W.H. Durum: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1375, 205 p.
Peterson, D.A., 1987a, Dissolved solids and ionic composition, in Peterson, D.A., and others, Hydrology of area 51, Northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain coal provinces, Wyoming and Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Open-File Report 84-734, p. 38-39.
__ 1987b, Phosphorus, in Peterson, D.A., and others, Hydrology of area 51, Northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain coal provinces, Wyoming and Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Open-File Report 84-734, p. 40-41.
__ 1988, Streamflow characteristics of the Missouri River Basin, Wyoming, through 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4018,431 p.
Peterson, D.A., Harms, T.F., Ramirez, Jr., Pedro, Alien, G.T., and Christenson, A.H., 1991, Reconnaissanceinvestigation of water quality, bottom sediment, and biota associated with irrigation drainage in the Riverton Reclamation Project, Wyoming, 1988-89: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90- 4187, 84 p.
Peterson, D.A., Mora, K.L., Lowry, M.E., Rankl, J.G., Wilson, Jr., J.F., Lowham, H.W., and Ringen, B.H., 1987, Hydrology of area 51, Northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain coal provinces, Wyoming and Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Open-File Report 84-734, 73 p.
Popkin, B.P., 1973, Ground-water resources of Hall and eastern Briscoe counties, Texas: Texas Water Development Board Report 167, p. 85.
Quan, Choon Kooi, 1988, Water use in the domestic nonfuel minerals industry: U.S. Bureau of Mines Information Circular IC9196, 62 p.
Ragsdale, J.O., 1982, Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1971 through part of 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-859, 200 p.
Ragsdale, J.O., and Oberender, C.B., 1985, Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1974 through 1983: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-403, 194 p.
Rankl, J.G., 1987, Average flow, in Peterson, D.A., and others, Hydrology of area 51, Northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain coal provinces, Wyoming and Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Open-File Report 84-734, p. 30-31.
Richter, Jr., H.R., 1981, Volume IV-A, Occurrence and characteristics of ground water in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming: Wyoming Water Resources Research Institute, 149 p.
Ringen, B.H., 1973, Records of ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1940-1971: Wyoming State Engineer's Office, Wyoming Water Planning Program Report No. 13,479 p.
REFERENCES 99
__ 1974, Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1972-73: Wyoming State Engineer's Office, Wyoming Water Planning Program Report No. 13, Supplement No. 1, 158 p.
__ 1987, Suspended sediment, in Peterson, D.A., and others, Hydrology of area 51, Northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain coal provinces, Wyoming and Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Open-File Report 84-734, p. 42-43.
Searcy, J.K., 1959, Flow-duration curves: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1542-A, 33 p.
Smalley, M.L., Emmet, W.W., and Wacker, A.M., 1994, Annual replenishment of bed material by sediment transport in the Wind River near Riverton, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94- 4007, 23 p.
Solley, W.B., Pierce, R.R., and Perlman, H.A., 1993, Estimated use of water in the United States in 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1081, 76 p.
Stevens, M.D., 1978, Ground-water levels in Wyoming, 1977: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-605, 203 p.
Stoffer, Philip, 1984, Bibliography and index to the geology of the Wind River Basin and adjacent uplifts in the vicinity of Fremont County, Wyoming: Tulsa, Oklahoma, Amoco Research Center, 163 p.
Urbanek, Mae, 1988, Wyoming place names: Missoula, Montana, Mountain Press Publishing Company, 233 p.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1988, IWR-MAIN WATER USE Forecasting System, June 1988.
U.S. Department of the Interior, 1977, National handbook of recommended methods for water-data acquisition: p. 2-1 to 2-149.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 199la, Maximum contaminant levels (subpart B of part 141, National primary drinking-water regulations): U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Parts 100 to 149, revised as of July 1, 1991, p. 585-587.
___ 1991b, National revised primary drinking-water regulations: Maximum contaminant levels (subpart G of part 141, National primary drinking-water regulations): U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Parts 100 to 149, revised as of July 1, 1991, p. 672-673.
___ 1991c, Secondary maximum contaminant levels (section 143.3 of part 143, National secondary drinking-water regulations): U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Parts 100 to 149, revised as of July 1, 1991, p. 759.
Van Houten, F.B., 1964, Tertiary geology of the Beaver Rim area, Fremont and Natrona Counties, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1164, 99 p.
Whitcomb, H.A., and Lowry, M.E., 1968, Ground-water resources and geology of the Wind River Basin area, central Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-270, scale 1:250,000, 3 sheets.
Wyoming Agricultural Statistics Service, 1990, Wyoming agricultural statistics 1990: Kathy Decker ed., 124 p.
Wyoming Department of Administration and Fiscal Control, 1987, Wyoming data handbook: Division of Research and Statistics, 8th edition, Cheyenne, Wyo., 237 p.
___ 1991, Wyoming data handbook: Division of Research and Statistics, 10th edition, Cheyenne, Wyo., 308 p.
Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, 1993, Quality standards for groundwaters of Wyoming: Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, Chapter VIII, 87 p.
100 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
GLOSSARY
AQUIFER. A body of rock that contains sufficient saturated permeable material to yield significant quantities of water to wells and springs.
ARTESIAN AQUIFER. Synonymous with confined aquifer.
ARTESIAN WELL. A well deriving its water from an artesian or confined aquifer, in which the water level stands above the top of the aquifer.
COMMERCIAL WATER USE. Water for motels, hotels, restaurants, office buildings, other commercial facilities, and institutions. The water may be obtained from a public supply or may be self-supplied.
CONFINED AQUIFER. An aquifer bounded above and below by impermeable beds or by beds of distinctly lower permeability than that of the aquifer itself; an aquifer containing confined ground water.
CONFINING BED. A body of impermeable or distinctly less permeable material stratigraphically adjacent to one or more aquifers.
CONVEYANCE LOSS. Water that is lost in transit from a pipe, canal, conduit, or ditch by leakage or evaporation. Generally, the water is not available for further use; however, leakage from an irrigation ditch, for example, may percolate to a ground-water source and be available for further use.
DOMESTIC WATER USE. Water for household purposes, such as drinking, food preparation, bathing, washing clothes and dishes, flushing toilets, and watering lawns and gardens. Also called residential water use. The water may be obtained from a public supply or may be self-supplied.
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION. Water withdrawn by evaporation from water surfaces, moist soil, and by plant transpiration.
GROUND WATER, CONFINED. Confined ground water is under pressure substantially greater than atmospheric throughout, and its upper limit is the bottom of a bed of distinctly lower permeability than that of the material in which the confined water occurs.
GROUND WATER, UNCONFINED. Unconfmed ground water is water in an aquifer that has a water table.
INDUSTRIAL WATER USE. Water used for industrial purposes such as fabrication, processing, washing, and cooling, and includes such industries as steel, chemical and allied products, paper and allied products, mining, and petroleum refining. The water may be obtained from a public supply or may be self-supplied.
INSTREAM WATER USE. Water that is used, but not withdrawn from a ground-water or surface-water source for such purposes as hydroelectric power-generation, navigation, water-quality improvement, fish propagation, and recreation. Sometimes called nonwithdrawal use or in-channel use.
IRRIGATION WATER USE. Artificial application of water on lands to assist in the growing of crops and pastures or to maintain vegetative growth in recreational lands, such as parks and golf courses.
LIVESTOCK WATER USE. Water for livestock watering, feed lots, dairy operations, fish farming, and other on- farm needs. Livestock as used here includes cattle, sheep, goats, hogs, and poultry. Also included are animal specialties.
MINING WATER USE. Water used for the extraction of minerals occurring naturally including solids, such as coal and ores; liquids, such as crude petroleum; and gases, such as natural gas. Also includes uses associated with quarrying, well operations (dewatering), milling (crushing, screening, washing, and flotation), and other preparations customarily done at the mine site or as part of a mining activity. Does not include water used in processing, such as smelting, refining petroleum, or slurry pipeline operations. These uses are included in industrial water use.
OFFSTREAM WATER USE. Water withdrawn or diverted from a ground- or surface-water source for public-water supply, industry, irrigation, livestock, thermoelectric power generation, and other users. Sometimes called off- channel use or withdrawal use.
pH. A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of water. It is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen-ion concentration. This parameter is dimensionless and generally has a range from 0 to 14, with a pH of 7 representing neutral water. A pH of greater than 7 indicates the water is alkaline, whereas a pH value of less than 7 indicates an acidic water.
GLOSSARY 101
POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE. A surface that describes the static head, as related to aquifer, it is defined by the levels to which water will rise in tightly cased wells. A water table is a particular potentiometric surface.
PUBLIC SUPPLY WATER USE. Water withdrawn by public and private water suppliers and delivered to users. Public suppliers provide water for a variety of uses, such as domestic, commercial, thermoelectric power, industrial, and public water use.
SODIUM-ADSORPTION RATIO (SAR). A measure of irrigation-water sodium hazard. It is the ratio of sodium to calcium plus magnesium concentrations in milliequivalents per liter. The SAR value of water is considered along with specific conductance in determining suitability for irrigation.
SPECIFIC CAPACITY. The rate of discharge of water from the well divided by the drawdown of the water level within the well.
SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE. A measure of water's ability to conduct an electrical current. Specific conductance is expressed in microsiemens per centimeter (jiS/cm) at 25 degrees Celsius (25 °C). For water containing between 100 and 5,000 mg/L of dissolved solids, specific conductance in JiS/cm (at 25 °C) multiplied by a factor between 0.55 and 0.71 will approximate the dissolved-solids concentration in mg/L. For most water, reasonable estimates can be obtained multiplying by 0.64.
SURFACE WATER. An open body of water, such as a stream or lake.
UNCONFINED AQUIFER. An aquifer that has a water table.
WATER TABLE. The water table is that surface in an unconfined water body at which the pressure is atmospheric. It is defined by the levels at which water stands in wells that penetrate the water body just far enough to hold standing water. In wells penetrating to greater depths, the water level will stand above or below the water table if an upward or downward component of ground-water flow exists.
102 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
I m 30 30 m W O c DO
O m W O n n
3D
m O H
O
O C
Tabl
e 15
. Li
thol
ogic
and
wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
ristic
s o
f geo
logi
c un
its in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g
(Tab
le m
odifi
ed f
rom
Ric
hter
, Jr.,
198
1, p
. 47-
53, W
hitc
omb
and
Low
ry,
1968
, she
et 3
, Lov
e an
d C
hris
tians
en,
1985
, she
et 2
, and
Lov
e, C
hris
tians
en, a
nd V
er P
loeg
, 19
92)
[ft,
feet
; ft/d
, fee
t per
day
; gal
/min
, gal
lons
per
min
ute;
sm
all,
less
than
50
gal/m
in; m
oder
ate,
50-
300
gal/m
in; l
arge
, mor
e th
an 3
00 g
al/m
in; -
-, no
dat
a; M
a, m
illio
ns o
f yea
rs]
Erat
hem
Syst
emSe
ries
Geo
logi
c un
it
Ran
ge o
fth
ickn
ess
(ft)
Ran
ge o
fm
ost
com
mon
wat
eryi
elds
Lith
olog
y W
ater
-yie
ldin
g ch
arac
teris
tics
(gal
/min
)
Cen
ozoi
c Q
uate
rnar
y Se
quen
ce in
A
lluvi
um
tabl
e do
es n
ot
and
indi
cate
age
co
lluvi
um
rela
tive
to o
ther
Q
uate
rnar
y en
trie
s
Cen
ozoi
c Q
uate
rnar
y Se
quen
ce in
G
rave
l,ta
ble
does
not
pe
dim
ent,
indi
cate
age
an
d fa
n re
lativ
e to
oth
er
depo
sits
Q
uate
rnar
y en
trie
sC
enoz
oic
Qua
tern
ary
Sequ
ence
in
Gla
cial
ta
ble
does
not
de
posi
ts
indi
cate
age
re
lativ
e to
oth
er
Qua
tern
ary
entr
ies
Cen
ozoi
c Q
uate
rnar
y Se
quen
ce in
L
ands
lide
tabl
e do
es n
ot
depo
sits
in
dica
te a
ge
rela
tive
to o
ther
Q
uate
rnar
y en
trie
sC
enoz
oic
Qua
tern
ary
Sequ
ence
in
Dun
e sa
nd
tabl
e do
es n
ot
and
loes
s in
dica
te a
ge
rela
tive
to o
ther
Q
uate
rnar
y en
trie
s
!0-6
5+
30-1
00+
0-40
+/-
"Unc
onso
lidat
ed c
lay,
silt
, san
d, a
nd g
rave
l; in
clud
es te
rrac
e, f
lood
-pla
in, a
nd p
edim
ent
depo
sits
alo
ng m
ajor
str
eam
s."1
"Cla
y, s
ilt, s
and,
and
gra
vel i
n fl
ood
plai
ns,
fans
, ter
race
s, a
nd s
lope
s."2
"Mos
tly l
ocal
ly d
eriv
ed c
last
s. I
nclu
des
som
e gl
acia
l dep
osits
alo
ng e
ast f
lank
of
Win
d R
iver
Ran
ge. L
ocal
ly in
clud
es s
ome
Ter
tiary
gra
vels
."2
Terr
ace
depo
sits
.
"Till
and
out
was
h of
sand
, gra
vel,
and
boul
ders
."2
"Loc
ally
incl
udes
inte
rmix
ed la
ndsl
ide
and
glac
ial d
epos
its, t
alus
, and
roc
k-gl
acie
r de
posi
ts."
'2
"Unc
onso
lidat
ed f
ine
to v
ery
fine
sand
; pr
esen
t in
east
ern
part
of p
roje
ct a
rea.
"1
"Inc
lude
s ac
tive
and
dorm
ant d
unes
. In
nort
hwes
tern
Wyo
min
g is
chi
efly
loe
ss (
age
12,0
00-1
9,00
0 ye
ars)
."2
"Yie
ld s
mal
l to
larg
e su
pplie
s of
wat
er
whe
re th
e de
posi
ts a
re s
atur
ated
; la
rge
yiel
ds c
ould
be
deve
lope
d in
som
e ar
eas.
.."1
"Hig
hly
perm
eabl
e an
d pr
oduc
tive
wat
er
bear
ing
depo
sits
. Pos
sibl
e yi
elds
fro
m 1
to
grea
ter
than
1,0
00 g
al/m
in."
3".
..gen
eral
ly y
ield
ade
quat
e qu
antit
ies
of
wat
er fo
r sto
ck o
r dom
estic
sup
plie
s,
alth
ough
yie
lds
fluc
tuat
e in
res
pons
e to
ir
riga
tion,
and
som
e of
the
shal
low
er w
ells
go
dry
or y
ield
inad
equa
te s
uppl
ies
duri
ng
the
win
ter."
1".
..pro
babl
y on
ly p
oten
tial s
ourc
e of
mor
e th
an s
mal
l sup
plie
s."1
Unk
now
n.
"Yie
lds
smal
l sup
plie
s of
wat
er o
f sui
tabl
e qu
ality
for
sto
ck o
r dom
estic
use
; it i
s an
im
port
ant
sour
ce o
f wat
er in
are
as
unde
rlai
n by
the
Cod
y Sh
ale.
"1
"S
1 Cc(3nty, Wyoming-
Z3
8C
1.C
J2
S.0i>1
H-.
O<n.05
iracteris
S §
5 Q0)5s
fc
1
B to.0S5 o0
^Jin
0).a |2
5 c -=>° +* o i- 0> .£« S3 E 55 "o EJ'l 1 *!
(0_o0)
12CO£U 0)
TJ.2 >
«
i
>>§>
0**'Jj
t 0)O atv 2c-n ^ H5?.* £. a .2
OC £
+*'E3U
to9) O
0).2Q>(0
10)>>(0
EQ>£
2UJ
1
cI$cp
c/5 83
1
T3
§c/3<U
«B
1-2.* CAi'l
ft0 <U>. C
U^3
(1
8 ^ <u^^ g^« 0 S §
lilt- 1
s § a o b8 S «2 a2 o U (u c§ ^ a > b $3 U <-> '£3 ^ -C^3^^ § S
C/3 J .S 2 0 S
1* >CO3a
o'SN
§UU
1
1
CP
3O S
1 CD
&^S c°riOS S
8 % §S^ 5 <^0 >-J " ^a 2(U ^5 O C3 e« ^^-^^M ^illcomr s c>
(1
C/3
"» > ** ! oO ^ »
^ ^sl§ litPQ §.2?
- b.s S &« >.8 S 2 13g 0 « u e§ "^ e3 > 8 S 3 U 0 ^ -S -rfllill&EUe33a
0
1o§
'
C15cp
ea13
irocks; obsidian
o
1_o "o
o ^3ts
1^P5
(1
_ c/3
^ c-1^ S.8
T3 b S "e3 ea "o U U >
"cea
c gU U
8 8E§
>,13' fl)
F
o'oN
§ UU
'
c/f e "Q =3 u ^M^l^ c*£|£ Sl-tll-l."^ >T3 g "J 0 « & 2?^^%*i% i .« s -° s -g s.
8§158 8,95't|lt 8^ §|g.a ! £?§!!<=§ a3^^°fc 'Mi^ga'E-SS § ° S S IS g a «« E s M^S^lSS ^^^^^^^8lsSa BHalso'S £§ 81 '« ^ IS rf° ffgS 8 ^-^ g « SL u -| - s | s .a s B .> ?«g | «s aolfli**. «3i§tg't8.§|3|S Slllslt^u^s^s ^G-e?5^5§^&^3oTa ^TJUSO^C^-^b'SS- 53 <Ce'ttv-*J Ca3r-SJs-Si! r-ci.sii-HO-S)
s s H «3 « ci «g ^ cf82^2^ -S.SOUCjS^IU^^.<+2S"H ^.°ci3rt ^ 5 « £"a o c s 2'obg Ec^ §^^§§8ol'l7J S o 0^5 S«-g
ffiffil!! T3 tt .0 A 0«S 2
^^0.2 c §^ c a"rt tr< u 1"1 S^ §
Plpllf£ d^ c°gic S §2 § § 8 §3 § b
Sl|SlsilU ea &<Oo MU^i ^ 3 _S U c« ^ O
§i
C 1)
83 § 2
U
UooS
&S"1
_ H
o'SSI
gUU
0
(N Jf54J C 00
S g
^ 5,to i* 2:s0) ?>SB y^!!ic« O
S-aS 81 sS -S ^^^°(U BC G"3 *j S^i * It3 o zea o 13
t/3 VO X)
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 105
8
Tabl
e 15
. Li
thol
ogic
and
wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
ristic
s of g
eolo
gic
units
in F
rem
ont C
ount
y, W
yom
ing-
Con
tinue
d
1 m 3)
3) m (0 O
Era
them
O
Cen
ozoi
c m (0 0
n
n
Syst
em
Seri
es
Geo
logi
c un
it
Terti
ary
Mio
cene
U
pper
M
ioce
ne
rock
s
Ran
ge o
f th
ickn
ess
(ft)
Lith
olog
y
"Cen
tral W
yom
ing-
- Ark
osic
san
dsto
ne,
cong
lom
erat
e, a
nd s
iltst
one;
som
e lig
ht-
colo
red
tuff
aceo
us ra
dioa
ctiv
e cl
ay st
one
and
whi
te c
herty
lim
esto
ne.
Wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
rist
ics
Unk
now
n.
Ran
ge o
f m
ost
com
mon
w
ater
yi
elds
(g
al/m
in)
JO m o
OC
enoz
oic
Terti
ary
Olig
ocen
eW
hite
Riv
er
Form
atio
nJ0
-650
30
-950
Cen
ozoi
c Te
rtiar
yO
ligoc
ene
and
Olig
ocen
e (o
r) E
ocen
e an
d (o
r) u
pper
an
d m
iddl
e Eo
cene
rock
sC
enoz
oic
Terti
ary
Eoce
neIn
trusi
ve
igne
ous
rock
s
Nor
th o
f Sw
eetw
ater
Riv
er in
Gra
nite
M
ount
ains
Lig
ht c
olor
ed tu
ffac
eous
ra
dioa
ctiv
e cl
ayst
one,
silt
ston
e, s
ands
tone
, an
d ar
kose
. Moo
nsto
ne F
orm
atio
n."2
"Ben
toni
tic a
nd tu
ffac
eous
mud
s ton
e; le
nses
of
arko
se a
nd c
ongl
omer
ate;
bed
s of
tuff
(V
an H
oute
n, 1
964,
p.
13);
pres
ent i
n th
e so
uthe
aste
rn p
art o
f pro
ject
are
a."1
"Whi
te to
pal
e-pi
nk b
lock
y tu
ffac
eous
cl
ayst
one
and
lent
icul
ar a
rkos
ic
cong
lom
erat
e."2
"Cal
care
ous,
arg
illac
eous
, fin
e-gr
aine
d sa
ndst
one
with
inte
rbed
ded
tuff
and
be
nton
ite. D
isco
ntin
uous
, thi
n le
nses
of
arko
se a
nd v
ery
coar
se, p
oorly
sor
ted
cong
lom
erat
e. U
nalte
red
vitri
c as
h la
yers
co
mm
on. U
nit e
xpos
ed o
nly
in s
outh
ern
part
of b
asin
."3
"Lig
ht-g
ray
tuff
, ark
osic
san
dsto
ne, a
nd
lent
icul
ar c
ongl
omer
ate.
"2
"Fel
sic
and
maf
ic ig
neou
s bo
dies
; the
larg
erar
e m
ainl
y fe
lsic
." T
"Yie
ld s
mal
l sup
plie
s to
man
y st
ock
and
dom
estic
wel
ls, l
arge
sup
plie
s co
uld
be
obta
ined
whe
re s
atur
ated
thic
knes
ses
are
grea
t or w
here
the
perm
eabi
lity
has
been
in
crea
sed
by f
ract
ures
..."1
"Hig
hly
perm
eabl
e an
d pr
oduc
tive
wat
er
bear
ing
unit.
Goo
d in
terg
ranu
lar
perm
eabi
lity
and
poro
sity
. Wel
l yie
lds
gene
rally
ran
ge b
etw
een
1 to
300
gal
/min
, w
ith m
axim
um re
porte
d pr
oduc
tion
850
gal/m
in. S
atur
ated
thic
knes
s ra
nges
be
twee
n 20
0 to
350
ft."
3
Unk
now
n.
Shal
low
per
mea
bilit
y du
e to
wea
ther
ing
or
frac
ture
mig
ht y
ield
wat
er to
wel
ls a
nd
sprin
gs.
Tabl
e 15
. Li
thol
ogic
and
wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
ristic
s of
geo
logi
c un
its in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
Era
them
Cen
ozoi
c
Syst
em
Seri
es
Geo
logi
c un
it
Terti
ary
Eoce
ne
Wig
gins
Fo
rmat
ion4
Ran
ge o
f th
ickn
ess
(ft)
Lith
oiog
y W
ater
-yie
ldin
g ch
arac
teri
stic
s
!0- 1
,000
+ "T
uffs
inte
rbed
ded
with
vol
cani
c "Y
ield
sm
all s
uppl
ies
to m
any
stoc
k an
d co
nglo
mer
ate;
con
glom
erat
es c
onsi
st c
hief
ly
dom
estic
wel
ls, l
arge
sup
plie
s co
uld
be
of su
brou
nded
bou
lder
s of
and
esite
and
ob
tain
ed w
here
sat
urat
ed th
ickn
esse
s ar
eba
salt;
pre
sent
in th
e m
ount
ains
in th
e gr
eat o
r whe
re th
e pe
rmea
bilit
y ha
s be
en
north
wes
tern
par
t of p
roje
ct a
rea.
"1
incr
ease
d by
fra
ctur
es...
"1
Ran
ge o
f m
ost
com
mon
wat
er
yiel
ds
(gal
/mi n
)~~
Cen
ozoi
c Te
rtiar
y Eo
cene
Cen
ozoi
c Te
rtiar
y Eo
cene
Cen
ozoi
c Te
rtiar
y Eo
cene
CO
Cen
ozoi
cTe
rtiar
y Eo
cene
Two
Oce
an
and
Lang
ford
Fo
rmat
ions
4Te
pee
Trai
l Fo
rmat
ion4
Ayc
ross
Fo
rmat
ion4
Ice
Poin
t C
ongl
omer
ate
"Lig
ht-g
ray
volc
anic
con
glom
erat
e an
d w
hite
tuff
, con
tain
ing
clas
ts o
f ign
eous
ro
cks.
"2
"Dar
k-co
lore
d an
desi
tic v
olca
nicl
astic
rock
s U
nkno
wn,
an
d flo
ws
unde
rlain
by
light
-col
ored
an
desi
tic tu
ffs
and
flow
s."2
1Q-5
15+
/- "I
nter
bedd
ed s
ands
tone
, con
glom
erat
e an
d 30
-2 0
00
tu^ (K
eefe
r, 19
57, p
. 16
2); p
rese
nt in
the
north
wes
tern
par
t of p
roje
ct a
rea.
"1"G
reen
and
oliv
e-dr
ab h
ard
and
gene
rally
w
ell b
edde
d an
desi
tic c
ongl
omer
ate,
sa
ndst
one,
and
cla
ysto
ne.
'Tuf
f and
tuff
aceo
us s
iltst
one,
fin
e-gr
aine
d sa
ndst
one,
and
dev
itrifi
ed v
olca
nics
. Ex
pose
d on
ly in
nor
thw
est p
art o
f bas
in."
330
-1,0
00
"Cla
y, s
hale
, san
dsto
ne, a
nd c
ongl
omer
ate
(Kee
fer,
1957
, p.
192)
; pre
sent
in
north
wes
tern
par
t of p
roje
ct a
rea.
"1
"Brig
htly
var
iega
ted
bent
oniti
c cl
ayst
one
and
tuff
aceo
us s
ands
tone
, gra
ding
late
rally
in
to g
reen
ish-
gray
san
dsto
ne a
nd
clay
ston
e."2
"Ser
ies
of sh
ale,
cla
y, c
ongl
omer
ate,
vo
lcan
ics,
and
sand
ston
e. E
xpos
ed o
nly
in
north
wes
t par
t of b
asin
."3
"Red
dish
-bro
wn
cong
lom
erat
e, c
hief
ly o
f Pa
leoz
oic
rock
frag
men
ts."
2
"Wou
ld p
roba
bly
yiel
d at
leas
t sm
all,
and
poss
ibly
larg
e, s
uppl
ies
from
san
dsto
ne
and
cong
lom
erat
e be
ds...
"1"Y
ield
s m
inor
am
ount
s (le
ss th
an
10 g
al/m
in)
of w
ater
to s
prin
gs a
nd
shal
low
wel
ls a
long
out
crop
. Con
finin
g la
yer."
3
"Wou
ld p
roba
bly
yiel
d at
leas
t sm
all,
and
poss
ibly
larg
e, s
uppl
ies
from
san
dsto
ne
and
cong
lom
erat
e be
ds...
"1"C
onfin
ing
laye
r."3
Unk
now
n.
8
Tabl
e 15
. Li
thol
ogic
and
wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
ristic
s of
geo
logi
c un
its in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
1 m 33
3J 8 O
Era
them
O
Cen
ozoi
cm 0 T
l n 3) | H O O z 3
Cen
ozoi
c
Cen
ozoi
c
Cen
ozoi
c
Cen
ozoi
c
Cen
ozoi
c
Cen
ozoi
c
Syst
em
Seri
es
Geo
logi
c un
itTe
rtiar
y Eo
cene
W
agon
Bed
Form
atio
n
Terti
ary
Eoce
ne
Brid
ger
Form
atio
n
Terti
ary
Eoce
ne
Cro
oks
Gap
Con
glom
erat
eTe
rtiar
y Eo
cene
La
ney
Mem
ber5
Terti
ary
Eoce
ne
Tipt
on S
hale
Mem
ber o
rTo
ngue
5Te
rtiar
y Eo
cene
C
athe
dera
lB
luff
sTo
ngue
6Te
rtiar
y Eo
cene
M
ain
body
of
Was
atch
Form
atio
n
Ran
ge o
f th
ickn
ess
(ft)
Lith
olog
y W
ater
-yie
ldin
g ch
arac
teri
stic
s1>3
0-70
0 "B
ento
nitic
mud
ston
e, lo
cally
tuffa
ceou
s, "W
ould
pro
babl
y yi
eld
at le
ast s
mal
l, an
dze
oliti
c m
udst
one
and
sand
ston
e in
per
sist
ent
poss
ibly
larg
e, s
uppl
ies
from
san
dsto
nebe
ds; v
olca
nic
sand
ston
e an
d co
nglo
mer
ate
and
cong
lom
erat
e be
ds...
"1(V
an H
oute
n, 1
964,
p.
13);
pres
ent i
n th
e »Y
idds
wat
er 1
<Jcd
l to
rf
^
sout
heas
tern
par
t of p
roje
ct a
rea.
sh
allo
w w
dls
Yid
ds le
ss ^
1Q
gal/m
in"G
reen
and
gra
y tu
ffac
eous
cla
ysto
ne,
Satu
rate
d zo
nes
incl
ude
sand
ston
e an
dsa
ndst
one,
and
con
glom
erat
e; s
ome
cong
lom
erat
e le
nses
.. .N
ot c
onsi
dere
d an
uran
ium
-pho
spha
te m
arls
tone
and
var
iega
ted
aqui
fer."
3be
nton
itic
clay
ston
e. L
ocal
ly c
onta
ins
oil
shal
e be
twee
n W
ind
Riv
er a
nd B
igho
rnB
asin
s."2
"Tuf
face
ous
and
bent
oniti
c sa
ndst
one,
silts
tone
, and
mud
ston
e. P
oorly
sor
ted
coar
se-p
ebbl
e co
nglo
mer
ate
and
arko
se a
tto
p an
d ba
se o
f uni
t. C
hert
lens
es a
ndsi
licifi
ed m
udst
one
lens
es in
upp
er 1
00 ft
.U
nit e
xpos
ed o
nly
alon
g so
uthe
rn m
argi
n of
ba
sin.
""G
reen
ish-
gray
, oliv
e-dr
ab, a
nd w
hite
U
nkno
wn.
tuff
aceo
us s
ands
tone
and
cla
ysto
ne;
*
sy
lent
icul
ar m
arls
tone
and
con
glom
erat
e."
"Gia
nt b
ould
ers
of g
rani
te in
ark
osic
U
nkno
wn.
sand
ston
e m
atrix
.""O
il sh
ale
and
mar
lsto
ne."
2 U
nkno
wn.
"Oil
shal
e an
d m
arls
tone
."2
Unk
now
n.
"Var
iega
ted
clay
ston
e an
d le
ntic
ular
U
nkno
wn.
sand
ston
e; c
ongl
omer
atic
nea
r so
uth
mar
gin
of W
ind
Riv
er R
ange
."2
"Dra
b sa
ndst
one,
dra
b to
var
iega
ted
Unk
now
n.cl
ayst
one
and
silts
tone
; loc
ally
der
ived
cong
lom
erat
e ar
ound
bas
in m
argi
ns. L
ower
part
is P
aleo
cene
."2
Ran
ge o
f m
ost
com
mon
w
ater
yi
elds
(g
al/m
in)
- ~ - - - ~
Tabl
e 15
. Li
thol
ogic
and
wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
ristic
s of
geo
logi
c un
its in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
Era
them
Cen
ozoi
c
Cen
ozoi
c
Syst
em
Seri
es
Geo
logi
c un
it
Terti
ary
Eoce
ne
Tran
sitio
nal
unit
betw
een
Bat
tle S
prin
g an
d W
asat
ch
Form
atio
nsTe
rtiar
y Eo
cene
B
attle
Spr
ing
Form
atio
n
Ran
ge o
f th
ickn
ess
(ft)
Lith
olog
y
"Con
tain
s in
terb
edde
d lit
holo
gies
of B
attle
Sp
ring
and
Was
atch
For
mat
ions
."2
"Lar
ge b
ould
ers
in a
soft
sand
ston
e an
d sh
ale
mat
rix; p
rese
nt in
the
sout
h ce
ntra
l par
t of
Wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
rist
ics
Unk
now
n.
"Kno
wn
to y
ield
onl
y sm
all s
uppl
ies,
ho
wev
er, l
arge
yie
lds
may
be
poss
ible
..."1
Ran
ge o
f m
ost
com
mon
w
ater
yi
elds
(g
al/m
in)
Cen
ozoi
c Te
rtiar
y Eo
cene
Cen
ozoi
c Te
rtiar
y Eo
cene
Mid
dle
and
low
er E
ocen
e ro
cks
Win
d R
iver
Fo
rmat
ion
3250
-1,0
30
n o m
m
the
area
."1
"Equ
ival
ent t
o, a
nd li
thol
ogic
ally
sim
ilar t
o lo
cally
der
ived
bas
in-m
argi
n co
nglo
mer
ate
of W
asat
ch F
orm
atio
n; m
erge
s so
uthw
ard
into
mai
n bo
dy o
f Was
atch
For
mat
ion.
Low
er
part
is P
aleo
cene
."2
"Equ
ival
ent t
o A
ycro
ss a
nd W
ind
Riv
er
Form
atio
ns."
2
"Int
erbe
dded
silt
ston
e, s
ands
tone
, and
co
nglo
mer
ate
cont
aini
ng s
ome
carb
ona
ce
ous
shal
e an
d th
in c
oal s
eam
s; a
coa
rse
gr
aine
d fa
cies
alo
ng th
e ba
sin
mar
gin
grad
es
into
fin
e-gr
aine
d m
ater
ial t
owar
d th
e ce
nter
of
the
basi
n; p
rese
nt th
roug
hout
mos
t of
basi
n."1
'7 "V
arie
gate
d cl
ayst
one
and
sand
ston
e; le
ntic
ular
con
glom
erat
e."
"Var
iega
ted
silts
tone
, sha
le, c
lays
tone
, and
ar
gilla
ceou
s sa
ndst
one
with
inte
rbed
ded
fine-
grai
ned
sand
ston
e, a
rkos
e, a
nd a
rkos
ic
sand
ston
e. T
uffa
ceou
s an
d be
nton
itic
mud
ston
e le
nses
in u
pper
500
feet
."3
Unk
now
n.
"Lar
ge s
uppl
ies
have
bee
n de
velo
ped
in
the
Riv
erto
n an
d G
as H
ills
area
s an
d co
uld
be d
evel
oped
els
ewhe
re, e
spec
ially
alo
ng
the
mar
gin
of th
e ba
sin.
Yie
lds
smal
l su
pplie
s to
man
y w
idel
y di
strib
uted
sto
ck
and
dom
estic
wel
ls...
"1*7
"Maj
or a
quife
r. Y
ield
s w
ater
to w
ells
and
sp
rings
thro
ugho
ut b
asin
. Yie
lds
rang
e be
twee
n 1
to 3
,000
gal
/min
. Loc
ally
co
ntai
ns a
rtesi
an z
ones
with
suf
ficie
nt
head
to p
rodu
ce 2
00 g
al/m
in. P
rinci
pal
sour
ce o
f dom
estic
and
sto
ck w
ater
on
Win
d R
iver
Res
erva
tion.
Prin
cipa
l sou
rce
of in
dust
rial w
ater
in s
outh
ern
part
of
basi
n..."
3
8
o
Tabl
e 15
. Li
thol
ogic
and
wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
ristic
s of
geo
logi
c un
its in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
1 m 3D
3D m V) O
Era
them
O
Cen
ozoi
c m V) 0
-n
n 3D m
0
Syst
em
Seri
es
Geo
logi
c un
it
Terti
ary
Eoce
ne
Indi
an
Mea
dow
s Fo
rmat
ion
Ran
ge o
f th
ickn
ess
(ft)
30-7
25Li
thol
ogy
Wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
rist
ics
"Red
to v
arie
gate
d cl
ayst
one,
san
dsto
ne, a
nd
"Con
finin
g la
yer."
3 al
gal-b
all(?
) lim
esto
ne; s
ome
beds
of l
arge
Pa
leoz
oic
boul
ders
and
det
achm
ent m
asse
s of
Pal
eozo
ic a
nd M
esoz
oic
rock
s."
"Ser
ies
of v
arie
gate
d cl
ayst
one,
arg
illac
eous
sa
ndst
one,
mas
sive
lim
esto
ne, a
nd p
oorly
Ran
ge o
f m
ost
com
mon
w
ater
yi
elds
(g
al/m
in)
8C
enoz
oic
Terti
ary
Pale
ocen
eFo
rt U
nion
Fo
rmat
ion
sort
ed c
ongl
omer
ate.
"1>3
0-8,
000
"Con
glom
erat
e, s
ands
tone
, sha
le, a
nd
carb
onac
eous
sha
le in
low
er p
art o
f fo
rmat
ion
grad
ing
into
ver
y fin
e gr
aine
d el
astic
s in
upp
er p
art,
pres
ent a
t dep
th
thro
ugho
ut m
ost o
f pro
ject
are
a."1
"Bro
wn
to g
ray
sand
ston
e, g
ray
to b
lack
sh
ale,
and
thin
coa
l bed
s."2
"Con
glom
erat
e, s
ands
tone
, sha
le, s
iltst
one,
an
d ca
rbon
aceo
us s
hale
in b
asal
par
t of u
nit;
grad
es u
pwar
d to
ver
y fi
ne-g
rain
ed
elas
tics.
"3
"San
dsto
nes
yiel
d sm
all
supp
lies
of w
ater
th
at is
gen
eral
ly u
nsui
tabl
e fo
r dom
estic
us
e an
d m
ay b
e m
argi
nal
for
stoc
k."1
"Con
glom
erat
e an
d sa
ndst
one
zone
s yi
eld
wat
er to
wel
ls. H
ighl
y pr
oduc
tive
and
perm
eabl
e w
here
fra
ctur
ed. W
ater
is s
emi-
co
nfin
ed to
con
fine
d w
ith s
uffic
ient
hea
d to
pr
oduc
e 10
gal
/min
... B
asal
par
t of u
nit i
s co
nsid
ered
a re
gion
al c
onfi
ning
uni
t. U
pper
par
t of u
nit c
onta
ins
com
plex
ser
ies
of p
erm
eabl
e an
d co
nfin
ing
laye
rs."
3
Cen
ozoi
c Te
rtiar
y an
d Pa
leoc
ene
and
Piny
onan
d C
reta
ceou
s U
pper
C
ongl
omer
ate
Mes
ozoi
c C
reta
ceou
sC
enoz
oic
Terti
ary
and
Pale
ocen
e an
d Se
dim
enta
ryan
d C
reta
ceou
s U
pper
ro
cks
Mes
ozoi
c C
reta
ceou
s
"Bro
wn
gold
-bea
ring
qua
rtzi
te c
ongl
omer
ate
Unk
now
n.in
terb
edde
d w
ith b
row
n an
d gr
aysa
ndst
one.
"2"N
orth
ern
part
of W
ind
Riv
er B
asin
. Whi
te-
Unk
now
n,
wea
ther
ing
oil-
stai
ned
sand
ston
e an
d br
own
carb
onac
eous
sha
le."
2
T3
t County, Wyoming-Continue
c
1.5
1U§>0<b"o
1 8j*J
5(C
0)c§O\'Ss
13^(C.0O)"5
2in
j>ro
^ ** O i« CO -^Q) CO C Q) V C
filliiQC u S
(0 u
3i_uiu01c
!s0)ro§
Lithology
"o wQ) S g»" « "^
QC **
'E3
_0
oSO
8 " 0)(0
E0)
4-*(0m*
1
EUJ
I
*" 6 " O O
£ ^7 S Pg|-y ||' §.,0 ^ ^ .ei"^ «2 ,0 *g^ .S .§ -i §.s S H1 2 S
S ^ w "S a
1 | 1 |^*- 00 T3 2 'S
1 'S * 0 Sc/5 2 S Z ®2 |^ 3 3 t^
interbedded with light- to dark- laceous shale and thin coal beds; :rial predominates at base of
present at depth throughout most
rea."1
<U 5 S ra
V) 1 O O <^-Hi oo o « o
8VO
cPm^
G_o0} rto gi 1J UH
1(U
p"53iQ<Ua 3SU
o
1o</5 <Us
(U T3 C*
<U ^
| 1 |'
"o ^'-) [^'i ^ill'*^* cj) Q ^ S ^g'l-§ "§ S
1-1 E s 'c aj ajA O..O
ded buff sandstone and drab to ; thin conglomerate lenses."2
> thin bedded sandstone, poorly
Q 4> **
<-> C v a <u « p H S
S2T3
1
3
1
|o^-" '1u cao PQ
: pebble conglomerate; grades :arbonaceous shale, siltstone, nses of bentonite and coarse-
« w
"p b -S
ll!
dstone. Thin coal lenses in
part of unit."3
C j_,
e §
11
!
c^
|p
red sandstone and gray sandy
ining marine fossils."
o 59
%>%"*1 CSJ X
i
<D, c S 2T! </3 T3
o aUH 00
1(U
^U
W5
§<uo<D
U
o'§o18s
!
S 0
I17° | ' B.,0 ^t"-^ ^
1112 = 6
|||^ 2 SC
w l2 2ci -S 3
, siltstone, shale, carbonaceous tone and coal; present in eastern
entral part of basin."1
<u <* o"Sandston shale, claj and north-
iS
cPf*^ '
<U gW3 OO ' "<U rt*I^ C
2(2
1(U
5*5
3O(U
3SU
o
1oV)(US
en
V;
1OJO_e 'S
1_o(U
S
lite to gray sandstone, yellow, lark-gray bentonitic claystone,
ind thin coal beds."2
^4 i-* *>V
1 £-i U 1 1
> thin bedded, friable sandstone, ane, and claystone, with thin coal ite interbeds. Grades to shale,
id sandy shale eastward."3
*^ 3 c3<u *2 o ^'I <5l § § 52 u x> 35-ca-o a
f< jcz g rs
1
S o
1 §"sl"§
1=1,0 ^
i"-^ ^^.11
1/3 c S2 = S
c c c o <u »to ^-O
C "* rt,5 eS W C/3 S W3J "tS 3
dy shale, and sandstone; present
erne eastern part of project
§ £3X(U
<u .s-r"1 >»"«
55 "a |
0J^J
6
"3w
1/5*r^
^
1S§.-^U
003O(Uo
HU
o
1o(Us
ne shale containing many gray lenticular concretion-rich
»eds."2
c ^ ""Gray mai and browi sandstone
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 111
M
Tabl
e 15
. Li
thol
ogic
and
wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
ristic
s of
geo
logi
c un
its in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
m 3D
3D m W o c 3D
O m W o n n 3D rn
O O
O c
z
Era
them
Mes
ozoi
c
Syst
em
Ser
ies
Cre
tace
ous
Upp
erC
reta
ceou
s
Geo
logi
c un
it
Mes
aver
deFo
rmat
ion
Ran
ge o
fth
ickn
ess
(ft)
!0- 1
,575
3550
-2.0
00
Lith
olog
y
"San
dsto
ne, s
hale
, silt
ston
e, c
arbo
nace
ous
shal
e, a
nd c
oal;
pres
ent i
n al
l but
wes
tern
-
Wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
rist
ics
"San
dsto
nes
yiel
d sm
all
supp
lies
of w
ater
that
are
gen
eral
ly u
nsui
tabl
e fo
r dom
estic
Ran
ge o
f m
ost
com
mon
wat
eryi
elds
(gal
/min
)-
Mes
ozoi
cC
reta
ceou
s U
pper
Cre
tace
ous
Cod
y Sh
ale
J3,0
00-5
,000
33,1
50-5
,500
Mes
ozoi
cC
reta
ceou
s U
pper
Cre
tace
ous
Fron
tier
' 600
- 1,0
34
3470
- 1,0
45
mos
t par
t of b
asin
."1
"Lig
ht-c
olor
ed m
assi
ve to
thin
-bed
ded
sand
ston
e, g
ray
sand
y sh
ale,
and
coa
l be
ds."
2
"Upp
er:
very
fine
to c
oars
e gr
ain,
mas
sive
to
cros
s-be
dded
, fri
able
san
dsto
ne. F
ew s
hale
, cl
ayst
one,
and
car
bona
ceou
s sh
ale
inte
rbed
s.
Mid
dle:
int
erbe
dded
car
bona
ceou
s sh
ale,
si
ltsto
ne, a
nd s
ands
tone
. So
me
lent
icul
ar
coal
bed
s up
to 1
3 ft
thic
k.
Bas
al:
very
fine
to m
ediu
m g
rain
, irr
egul
arly
be
dded
to m
assi
ve s
ands
tone
."3
"Sha
le c
onta
inin
g so
me
sand
ston
e be
ds in
up
per h
alf;
pre
sent
at d
epth
thro
ugho
ut m
ost
of p
roje
ct a
rea.
"1
"Dul
l-gr
ay s
hale
, gra
y si
ltsto
ne, a
nd f
ine
gr
aine
d gr
ay s
ands
tone
."2
"Sha
le, f
issi
le, c
alca
reou
s an
d be
nton
itic.
G
rade
s up
war
d to
thin
bed
ded,
fin
e gr
ain
sand
ston
e w
ith in
terb
edde
d ca
lcar
eous
sh
ale.
"3
"San
dsto
ne in
terb
edde
d w
ith s
hale
, pre
sent
th
roug
hout
mos
t of p
roje
ct a
rea.
"1
"Gra
y sa
ndst
one
and
sand
y sh
ale.
"2
"Alte
rnat
ing
sequ
ence
of s
ands
tone
and
sh
ale.
San
dsto
ne:
fine
to m
ediu
m g
rain
, thi
n be
dded
to m
assi
ve, l
ocal
ly g
lauc
oniti
c.
Shal
e: f
issi
le,
silty
and
san
dy, l
ocal
ly
carb
onac
eous
."3
use
and
may
be
mar
gina
l fo
r st
ock.
"
"Per
mea
ble
and
prod
uctiv
e w
ater
-bea
ring
un
it. R
egio
nal
aqui
fer.
Wel
l yie
ld d
ata
not
avai
labl
e; h
owev
er, a
rtes
ian
flow
s re
port
ed
in n
umer
ous
petr
oleu
m te
sts
in c
entr
al
basi
n. Y
ield
s w
ater
to s
hallo
w s
tock
wel
ls
in e
aste
rn b
asin
..."3
"Yie
lds
only
mea
ger
supp
lies
of p
oor
qual
ity w
ater
."1
"Reg
iona
l co
nfin
ing
laye
r."3
"Yie
lds
smal
l qua
ntiti
es o
f gen
eral
ly p
oor
qual
ity w
ater
alth
ough
som
e su
pplie
s ar
e us
able
for
dom
estic
pur
pose
s."
"Upp
er tw
o-th
irds
of
unit
is r
egio
nal
aqui
fer;
low
er o
ne-t
hird
of u
nit i
s co
nfin
ing
laye
r. W
ater
is u
nder
con
fine
d co
nditi
ons
with
suf
fici
ent h
ead
to p
rodu
ce
flow
s of
10
to 2
5 ga
l/min
at s
elec
ted
petr
oleu
m te
sts.
Yie
lds
5 to
150
gal
/min
to
shal
low
sto
ck a
nd d
omes
tic w
ells
..."3
s; Wyoming-Continu
&§ j
s in Fremont Co
§ RS
1O)"oV)
£ .«)
S1-Co£§<D
^)RS3(QI QCto.0S>^ o§-JinT"
0>.Q£
o ,- o - o> ITliifii I E 1**S
characteristics
O)
TJo>>.
ii
>>O)o0
£_l
it- CAo a e C-°>.SE g »oc£
**'E3o'ato
I
._
i
Efl>**(0>>
CO
1S
UJ
i i i i i i
= S = - S -o Sa SI! Hi ! SSfSsa 5 il 11 IlH I lllsillll tl {ill , Hl!llIII!ll
! li Hit 1 I III !!tf I! i|S.ts Woiso -" Oo^T35oSi''9Fh'^.s Is gsii-s § -i-ail'Sl^a ^||aa oh o^P^ 'S egPhiou^c.rs 1^ «s ^^ « § f « «a o §* 8, 2 « S ^ .s 1 .s s1 IS 1-sS.s | l-s? S--S1I-8 &1SI
^ cS^ SsSI -a l£"5^§53i a§i a1 ^ K-: >>£ ^ ^^ S " ^ S.« 2 1 e o § ^^ 4i 2 ^^": ^^ S ^'r .2 -OS §- S'C-g-| r -§3 ^^2 g> 3 U-a 3«^0«56p 'S'sti-oac^wE^gS *} '5CJ«'a3'5-S^ cs tn/S C-«'SO^'«'^rt 0 oC2
* fglrSIss?5 ^g§s,^gals5JiH60 en f? -y ^ ^
|«a a 3 S . ^ ^- s, "« s*
PI 111 J 111 Ht4l| I lift ?«l Hi ! till 111 II3'KenO 2 ^& -C ^"S«--.-S3^c2^O,«-°|Sb2^CC^-go T-I <u o w wo.. M D-^^-S "enS-rt StS^*- ^^3^ SJS^-a^ oS«% ^ "« a^ SS S "^ S^ 1^ o-o-o2fi2>>§3 (U (o6p-a3'Oio . -a S ..a §0 1)2*5 « = 2T3en2 aS<Uca^2^enO ctSS C OC t3S rt^C
3 I rts&OiC/OMXlS^i&OcUs > .S 0 S O 0 O, J X) 0 i uo^PQ^eQ^S
ogoo oo H. ^o >n PC;-H «n (N t^- >n
§ >n o Q 2 O\ (N 0 Oen -H (N m
oo m m O O
"" 'en
a) S aJ3 o C CO &, >^ 0 ^ O rt -i3
I1 s* &Io as o c S HC^ u£
en en en
% % % 0) n) S
t-c O l-i O t-c OS ca <u cS <u csgoS £ S ^1
5-^3 35 35en en en33 300 0(U (U (U00 0« C3 C3*^ *5 ^2<D (U (Uli 1-1 1-c
U U U
.00 0
S 'o 'o N N
O O Oen en en DO (D^3 ta2 h_2S S S
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 113
Tabl
e 15
. Li
thol
ogic
and
wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
ristic
s of
geo
logi
c un
its in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
$ 3 3D
3D m 0)
O c 3D
O m 0) O n n 3D m
O H
O
O
Era
them
Mes
ozoi
c
Sys
tem
Jura
ssic
Ran
ge o
f th
ickn
ess
Ser
ies
Geo
logi
c un
it (f
t)
Upp
er J
uras
sic
Mor
riso
n ~
"D
ully
vz
Lith
olog
y W
ater
-yie
ldin
g ch
arac
teri
stic
s
irieg
ated
cla
ysto
ne, n
odul
ar
Des
crip
tion
incl
uded
with
Clo
verl
y
Ran
ge o
f m
ost
com
mon
w
ater
yi
elds
(g
al/m
in)
-
Mes
ozoi
cFo
rmat
ion
Jura
ssic
U
pper
and
Su
ndan
ce
Mid
dle
Jura
ssic
For
mat
ion
]295
-435
31
50-5
70
Mes
ozoi
cJu
rass
icM
iddl
e Ju
rass
ic G
ypsu
m
Spri
ng
Form
atio
n
1'30-
230
Mes
ozoi
c Ju
rass
ic(?
)-
Tri
assi
c(?)
Nug
get
Sand
ston
e!0
-425
30-4
00
f\
limes
tone
, and
gra
y si
lty s
ands
tone
.""S
hale
, silt
ston
e, s
ands
tone
, and
lim
esto
ne;
pres
ent t
hrou
ghou
t pro
ject
are
a."1
shal
e, u
nder
lain
by
red
and
gray
no
ngla
ucon
itic
sand
ston
e an
d sh
ale.
"2
"Upp
er:
fine
to c
oars
e gr
ain
glau
coni
tic
sand
ston
e w
ith fe
w th
in s
hale
and
fo
ssili
fero
us li
mes
tone
inte
rbed
s.
Bas
al:
silts
tone
and
san
dsto
ne; g
rade
do
wnw
ard
to o
oliti
c lim
esto
ne, d
olom
ite,
and
cher
t peb
ble
cong
lom
erat
e."3
"Dol
omite
, lim
esto
ne, g
ypsu
m, a
nd
silts
tone
; pre
sent
in th
e w
este
rn tw
o-th
irds
of
the
basi
n."1
"Int
erbe
dded
red
shal
e, d
olom
ite, a
nd
gyps
um. I
n no
rth
Wyo
min
g w
edge
s ou
t so
uth
in T
. 39
N."
2
"Upp
er:
alte
rnat
ing
sequ
ence
of s
iltst
one,
sh
ale,
lim
esto
ne, d
olom
ite, a
nd g
ypsu
m.
Bas
al:
sand
y si
ltsto
ne a
nd s
ilty
shal
e.
Pres
ent o
nly
in w
este
rn p
art o
f bas
in."
3"F
ine-
to m
ediu
m-g
rain
ed s
ands
tone
; pre
sent
in
all
but e
xtre
me
east
ern
part
of b
asin
."1
"Gra
y to
dul
l-re
d cr
ossb
edde
d qu
artz
sa
ndst
one.
"2
"Upp
er:
sand
ston
e, f
ine
to m
ediu
m g
rain
, ca
lcite
and
sili
ca c
emen
t, la
rge
scal
e cr
oss
beds
.
Bas
al: c
alca
reou
s si
ltsto
ne a
nd m
udst
one,
th
in li
mes
tone
, and
thin
to m
assi
ve, v
ery-
fine
gr
ain
sand
ston
e."3
Form
atio
n."Y
ield
sm
all t
o m
oder
ate
supp
lies
of w
ater
su
itabl
e fo
r dom
estic
use
nea
r ou
tcro
ps...
"1
"Reg
iona
l aqu
ifer.
Lar
ge i
nter
gran
ular
pe
rmea
bilit
y in
san
dsto
ne a
nd c
hert
lens
es.
Yie
lds
wat
er to
sha
llow
sto
ck a
nd
dom
estic
wel
ls a
long
out
crop
s (1
to
25 g
al/m
in).
Wat
er is
und
er c
onfi
ned
cond
ition
s. S
elec
ted
petr
oleu
m te
sts
yiel
d flo
ws
of 2
5 to
50
gal/m
in...
"3
"No
wat
er w
ells
kno
wn
to ta
p th
is
form
atio
n, b
ut it
wou
ld p
roba
bly
yiel
d on
ly p
oor
qual
ity w
ater
."1
"Reg
iona
l con
fini
ng la
yer."
3
"Wat
er-b
eari
ng p
oten
tial n
ot k
now
n, b
ut
prob
ably
wou
ld y
ield
sm
all
supp
lies,
and
la
rger
sup
plie
s m
ight
be
deve
lope
d in
so
me
area
s..."
1
"Goo
d in
terg
ranu
lar
perm
eabi
lity.
Sa
tura
ted
cond
ition
s re
port
ed f
or
num
erou
s pe
trol
eum
test
s th
roug
hout
ba
sin.
Wat
er is
und
er c
onfi
ned
cond
ition
s.
Insu
ffic
ient
dat
a ex
ists
to m
eani
ngfu
lly
quan
tify
yiel
ds a
nd w
ater
qua
litie
s."
Tabl
e 15
. Li
thol
ogic
and
wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
ristic
s of
geo
logi
c un
its in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
Era
them
Mes
ozoi
c
Syst
em
Seri
es
Tria
ssic
U
pper
and
Lo
wer
Tria
ssic
Geo
logi
c un
it
Chu
gwat
er
Form
atio
n
Ran
ge o
f th
ickn
ess
(ft)
1 1,0
00- 1
,300
Lith
olog
y
"Silt
ston
e, s
ands
tone
, and
sha
le; A
lcov
a Li
mes
tone
Mem
ber o
f the
Chu
gwat
er
Form
atio
n ne
ar m
iddl
e of
the
form
atio
n.
Pres
ent t
hrou
ghou
t the
pro
ject
are
a."1
Wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
rist
ics
"Yie
lds
smal
l sup
plie
s of
goo
d qu
ality
w
ater
in a
nd n
ear o
utcr
ops.
"1
"Alc
ova
Lim
esto
ne: C
onfin
ing
laye
r."3
Ran
ge o
f m
ost
com
mon
wat
er
yiel
ds
(gal
/min
)
Mes
ozoi
c Tr
iass
ic
Low
er T
riass
ic
Din
woo
dyFo
rmat
ion
'10-
155
30-2
50
Pale
ozoi
c Tr
iass
ic a
nd
Low
er T
riass
ic
Goo
se E
gg
Perm
ian
and
Perm
ian
Form
atio
n0-
300
"Red
silt
ston
e an
d sh
ale.
Alc
ova
Lim
esto
ne
Mem
ber i
n up
per m
iddl
e pa
rt in
nor
th
Wyo
min
g. T
hin
gyps
um p
artin
gs n
ear b
ase
in n
orth
and
nor
thea
st W
yom
ing.
"2"A
lcov
a Li
mes
tone
: 0 to
30
ft th
ick.
Li
mes
tone
, den
se, f
inel
y-cr
ysta
lline
, la
min
ated
."3
"Fin
e-gr
aine
d sa
ndst
one
in w
este
rn p
art o
f ba
sin,
gra
ding
eas
twar
d in
to th
e up
per p
art
of th
e G
oose
Egg
For
mat
ion.
"1"O
live-
drab
har
d do
lom
itic
thin
-bed
ded
silts
tone
."2
"Int
erbe
dded
san
dy d
olom
itic
silts
tone
, ca
lcar
eous
san
dsto
ne, a
nd th
in d
olom
ite a
nd
limes
tone
."3
"Sha
le a
nd s
iltst
one
cont
aini
ng p
ersi
sten
t lim
esto
ne u
nits
in e
aste
rn p
art o
f bas
in."
1"R
ed s
ands
tone
and
silt
ston
e, w
hite
gyp
sum
, ha
lite,
and
pur
ple
to w
hite
dol
omite
and
lim
esto
ne."
"Yie
lds
smal
l sup
plie
s of
goo
d qu
ality
w
ater
in a
nd n
ear o
utcr
ops.
"1"C
onfin
ing
laye
r."3
"Pro
babl
y w
ould
yie
ld o
nly
smal
l sup
plie
s of
min
eral
ized
wat
er."
1
0) o o m
m §
5) Ta
ble
15.
Lith
olog
ic a
nd w
ater
-yie
ldin
g ch
arac
teris
tics
of g
eolo
gic
units
in F
rem
ont C
ount
y, W
yom
ing-
Con
tinue
d
1 m 3)
3) m O
Era
them
Sy
stem
O
Pale
ozoi
c Pe
rmia
nm O n
n 3)
m
Ser
ies
Geo
logi
c un
it
Phos
phor
iaFo
rmat
ion
and
rela
ted
rock
s
Ran
ge o
fth
ickn
ess
(ft)
^-30
03 1
50-3
50
Lith
olog
y
"Par
k C
ity F
orm
atio
n an
d eq
uiva
lent
s in
terb
edde
d do
lom
ite, c
hert
, lim
esto
ne,
silts
tone
, and
san
dsto
ne, c
onta
inin
g a
few
phos
phat
e be
ds o
r len
ses
and
min
or a
mou
nts
of s
hale
."1
Wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
rist
ics
"Com
plex
ser
ies
of p
erm
eabl
e sa
ndst
ones
and
impe
rmea
ble
limes
tone
, dol
omite
and
silts
tone
. Hig
hly
prod
uctiv
e w
here
frac
ture
d. W
ell y
ield
s ra
nge
up to
1,00
0 ga
l/min
..."3
Ran
ge o
f m
ost
com
mon
w
ater
yiel
ds(g
al/m
in)
O z O
O
Pale
ozoi
c Pe
rmia
n an
d L
ower
C
aspe
r 1>1
1400
-900
Pe
nnsy
lvan
ian
Perm
ian
and
Form
atio
n U
pper
and
M
iddl
e Pe
nnsy
lvan
ian
Pale
ozoi
c Pe
rmia
n an
d L
ower
T
ensl
eep
3200
-600
Pe
nnsy
lvan
ian
Perm
ian
and
Sand
ston
e U
pper
and
M
iddl
e Pe
nnsy
lvan
ian
"Bro
wn
sand
ston
e an
d do
lom
ite, c
hert
y ph
osph
atic
and
gla
ucon
itic
dolo
mite
, ph
osph
atic
san
dsto
ne a
nd d
olom
ite, a
nd
gree
nish
-gra
y to
bla
ck s
hale
."2
"Int
erbe
dded
den
se li
mes
tone
, dol
omite
, no
nres
ista
nt s
iltst
one
and
fine
grai
n sa
ndst
one.
Gra
des
east
war
d to
dom
inan
tly
limes
tone
, dol
omite
, and
cal
care
ous
shal
e."3
"Med
ium
-gra
ined
wel
l sor
ted
sand
ston
e,
cont
aini
ng s
ome
limes
tone
in u
pper
par
t; in
crea
sed
amou
nts
of li
mes
tone
, dol
omite
, an
d sh
ale
occu
r in
low
er p
art."
1'11
"Gra
y, ta
n, a
nd re
d th
ick-
bedd
ed s
ands
tone
un
derl
ain
by in
terb
edde
d sa
ndst
one
and
pink
an
d gr
ay li
mes
tone
. 2
"Whi
te to
gra
y sa
ndst
one
cont
aini
ng th
in
limes
tone
and
dol
omite
bed
s. P
erm
ian
foss
ils h
ave
been
fou
nd in
the
topm
ost b
eds
of th
e T
ensl
eep
at s
ome
loca
litie
s in
W
asha
kie
Ran
ge a
nd O
wl C
reek
M
ount
ains
."2
"San
dsto
ne, r
esis
tant
, mas
sive
to
cros
sbed
ded,
fin
e gr
ain,
fri
able
, with
ir
regu
lar c
hert
laye
rs a
nd th
in li
mes
tone
and
do
lom
ite n
ear b
ase.
"3
"San
dsto
ne y
ield
s la
rge
supp
lies
of w
ater
to
sev
eral
wel
ls in
the
foot
hills
of t
he W
ind
Riv
er M
ount
ains
and
in th
e G
as H
ills
area
; ro
cks
will
yie
ld la
rge
supp
lies
whe
re
frac
turi
ng h
as in
crea
sed
the
perm
eabi
lity.
.."1'1
1
"Upp
erm
ost u
nit o
f the
Ten
slee
p aq
uife
r sy
stem
. Goo
d in
terg
ranu
lar p
erm
eabi
lity,
ex
celle
nt p
erm
eabi
litie
s w
here
fra
ctur
ed.
Satu
rate
d th
roug
hout
bas
in. W
ater
is u
nder
co
nfin
ed c
ondi
tions
with
suf
ficie
nt h
ead
to
prod
uce
flow
s of
1 to
sev
eral
hun
dred
ga
l/min
fro
m s
elec
ted
wel
ls...
"3
50-2
00
"S
1<S >ia>1c
1.5 J21 ^t
1 s1.2ca1JO-CO2>.c:§(b
1S COI
1coO
Io £^J
u>1
0) JO&
o *- o - m£<D » C <D TO C0) O J= tt = i e e- £ s ® ^l E S**s
in0
%
2to0 O)c o*>>
ii
>>90
li
1^ n* io> 2 o>c cS«"(0 -SI
DC -C ** «-
. ec3 O'i?o£
10>0)
E0>11sUl
§1
9 § .S
rensleep aquifer system. Dan\ ic Member of Amsden Formati
le along joints and partings bedding planes. Excellent ilities where fractured. Water i
Well yields range between 1 1
undred gaymin."3
ZM § S a 43-S «n *3 W I) W « i i111 *i«fc^^ &J S.8 Sa> ^ g
i g | £! £<« 6 e ,2 a S 6 «u o3 0>S G £ g-o^ <U -3 2 « <U
i It! illo«3 §"» C S S ? 1 "o S "S * § rf S11 s|i us-?.§ -S & § .2 .9 1 a §*S §8« lll§li fe^I ?|l? i? g a^ 5 ^^i^£!?!!!!!!§
r*^
cl
ill(g
p*
-,-111 IIIJi w ">> S g1 1 3 p -a^ ^ G T3 w
is 3 ifi a i§§ §
.in CO§ a> "2 -S- 5,9 Jri 3 C (»
£ S0
1<ug
a'g
Pin-rii li 11 in-i3 w ^ «2fsfe^
Illtfl 1 !cx,'g±3 & X u c >
llglsljl ?S| Illsl?UtiliflicSss/figsi.'s^S £> <n s C^I/5 -S >^ 60
"g e3" <« .-- .
i 1 P § ta u H *^ <Ugsf^ -Bg g-S I J3 |%i tf 8 1 g«iO w (U'-5^ «4-,S
1*55 It S|,SII.81J ll's l=£^ll Hf5!«H H-*§ll S> 1.9 gs^Ss Ji § 5 ^^cSo^c ^5<uS.2;'eG£ U fc ««n t».a«jbo <DO>V c*3
111! Ill 1113 OM'tSs'tSoffl'OS
8 8r^ r>o 6m cs Cf^
<US §O «S
1103 C
S3
g a '&CO '3
fe B-s0-^ gO- O Mp J^Q2'&-
_cx*(«t/5'3t/5
i§0
1<ug
i
3T1 JD tSD
-water possibilities not known, are potential sources of large where fractured or cavernous.'
rensleep aquifer system.
/ considered a confining layer, e along joints and fractures. is joint controlled springs alon
^er Mountains."3
_u en ^ tr^ <zs *3 3 «^|tl 'spg* Plllllll
c.s 1S -^ i<U "O "O to
1 S| 1JJ 3 * -a"« ^ .§ .1M sJ».2fs wi^. !fs i"-.S -S § 2 »"11 111 S7 « £ 8 2 J S o*i o So <« -^ ^ js 3 «*3 T3 S "2 ' w g^2 § s § ^ 511 ^:8| 13o S 3 E 6 § o "o ^ 13 o o "3 gQ S ^SS Q J3 5 3 "O TJ S "O
8 8w ts6 PI-H r^i
.§flc3 fe Q PU
gS3 ICu >£ UDQ
§'So
1o11
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 117
w
Tabl
e 15
. Li
thol
ogic
and
wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
ristic
s of g
eolo
gic
units
in F
rem
ont C
ount
y, W
yom
ing-
Con
tinue
d
WATER
R m W O 3)
O % 0
Era
them
Pale
ozoi
c
Syst
em
Ord
ovic
ian
Seri
es
Upp
er a
ndM
iddl
eO
rdov
icia
n
Geo
logi
c un
itB
igho
rnD
olom
ite
Ran
ge o
fth
ickn
ess
(ft)
10-2
0030
-300
Lith
olog
y"D
olom
ite, t
hin
bedd
ed a
nd p
laty
in u
pper
part
but m
ostly
mas
sive
; for
ms
cliff
; pre
sent
in w
este
rn h
alf o
f bas
in."
1
Wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
rist
ics
"Gro
und-
wat
er p
ossi
bilit
ies
not k
now
n,bu
t roc
ks a
re p
oten
tial s
ourc
es o
f lar
gesu
pplie
s w
here
frac
ture
d or
cav
erno
us."
Ran
ge o
f m
ost
com
mon
w
ater
yiel
ds(g
al/m
in)
m
O 8 z
Pale
ozoi
cC
ambr
ian
Upp
erC
ambr
ian
Gal
latin
Li
mes
tone
"Gra
y m
assi
ve c
liff-
form
ing
silic
eous
do
lom
ite a
nd lo
cally
dol
omiti
c lim
esto
ne."
2
Upp
er: L
eigh
Mem
ber o
f Big
horn
Dol
omite
, do
lom
ite, d
ense
and
pla
tey.
Bas
al: L
ande
r San
dsto
ne M
embe
r of
Big
horn
Dol
omite
, san
dsto
ne, f
ine
to
med
ium
gra
in, l
entic
ular
; con
tain
s fla
t- pe
bble
con
glom
erat
e co
mpr
ised
of
frag
men
ts o
f Gal
latin
Lim
esto
ne."
31'J
2100
-1,2
00
"Lim
esto
ne a
nd f
lat-p
ebbl
e co
nglo
mer
ate
in
uppe
r bed
s; s
ands
tone
, sha
le, a
nd q
uartz
itic
'0-4
50
Pale
ozoi
cC
ambr
ian
Upp
er a
nd
Mid
dle
Cam
bria
n
Gro
s V
entre
Fo
rmat
ion
30-7
50
"Bas
al p
art o
f Ten
slee
p aq
uife
r sys
tem
. B
asal
san
dsto
nes
are
perm
eabl
e; a
lso
perm
eabl
e al
ong
join
ts a
nd fr
actu
res.
Y
ield
s w
ater
to n
umer
ous
sprin
gs a
long
W
ind
Riv
er M
ount
ains
."3
sand
ston
e in
low
er p
art;
thin
s fr
om e
ast t
oT
10
wes
t acr
oss
basi
n.
'
"Blu
e-gr
ay a
nd y
ello
w m
ottle
d ha
rd d
ense
lim
esto
ne."
"Lim
esto
ne, d
ense
, thi
nly
lam
inat
ed to
m
assi
ve, g
lauc
oniti
c an
d oo
litic
, sha
le, s
ilty
shal
e, a
nd th
in s
ands
tone
inte
rbed
s."3
"Sof
t gre
en m
icac
eous
sha
le (
Upp
er a
nd
Mid
dle
Cam
bria
n Pa
rk S
hale
Mem
ber)
, un
derla
in b
y bl
ue-g
ray
and
yello
w m
ottle
d ha
rd d
ense
lim
esto
ne (
Mid
dle
Cam
bria
n D
eath
Can
yon
Lim
esto
ne M
embe
r), a
nd s
oft
gree
n m
icac
eous
sha
le (
Mid
dle
Cam
bria
n W
olse
y Sh
ale
Mem
ber)
."2
"Lim
esto
ne, s
hale
, and
cal
care
ous
shal
e, fl
at-
pebb
le c
ongl
omer
ate
at b
ase.
"3
"Gro
und-
wat
er p
ossi
bilit
ies
not k
now
n,
but r
ocks
are
pot
entia
l sou
rces
of l
arge
su
pplie
s w
here
fra
ctur
ed o
r cav
erno
us."
1
"Con
finin
g la
yer.
Perm
eabl
e al
ong
join
ts
and
frac
ture
s. Y
ield
s sm
all q
uant
ities
(le
ss
than
5 g
al/m
in) t
o sp
rings
alo
ng th
e W
ind
Riv
er M
ount
ains
."3
"Gro
und-
wat
er p
ossi
bilit
ies
not k
now
n,
but r
ocks
are
pot
entia
l sou
rces
of l
arge
su
pplie
s w
here
fra
ctur
ed o
r cav
erno
us."
1"C
onfin
ing
laye
r."3
Tabl
e 15
. Li
thol
ogic
and
wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
ristic
s of
geo
logi
c un
its in
Fre
mon
t Cou
nty,
Wyo
min
g-C
ontin
ued
Era
them
Sy
stem
Se
ries
Pale
ozoi
c C
ambr
ian
Mid
dle
Cam
bria
n
Geo
logi
c un
it
Rat
head
Sa
ndst
one
Ran
ge o
f th
ickn
ess
(ft)
350-
500
Lith
olog
y
"Dul
l-red
qua
rtziti
c sa
ndst
one.
"2
"San
dsto
ne, f
ine
to m
ediu
m g
rain
, res
iste
nt;
grad
es d
ownw
ard
to c
ongl
omer
ate
and
arko
se."
3
Wat
er-y
ield
ing
char
acte
rist
ics
"Gro
und-
wat
er p
ossi
bilit
ies
not k
now
n,
but r
ocks
are
pot
entia
l sou
rces
of l
arge
su
pplie
s w
here
frac
ture
d or
cav
erno
us."
1"M
ajor
aqu
ifer.
Perm
eabl
e al
ong
parti
ngs
Ran
ge o
f m
ost
com
mon
wat
er
yiel
ds
(gal
/min
)
Prec
ambr
ian
Igne
ous
and
met
amor
phic
rock
s
"Com
plex
of i
gneo
us a
nd m
etam
orph
ic
rock
s. P
redo
min
antly
gra
nite
, gra
nite
gn
eiss
, sch
ist,
horn
blen
de s
chis
t, ap
lite
and
basi
c di
kes.
"3
betw
een
bedd
ing
plan
es, f
aults
, fra
ctur
es
and j
oint
s. S
mal
l int
erst
itial
per
mea
bilit
ies.
W
ater
is s
emi-c
onfin
ed to
con
fined
. Yie
lds
1 to
25
gal/m
in to
sha
llow
sto
ck a
nd
dom
estic
wel
ls...
Exc
elle
nt g
roun
d-w
ater
re
sour
ce p
oten
tial;
how
ever
, rel
ativ
ely
unde
velo
ped
beca
use
of a
vaila
bilit
y of
sh
allo
wer
gro
und-
wat
er s
ourc
es."
3"W
ould
yie
ld s
mal
l sup
plie
s fr
om
wea
ther
ed o
r fra
ctur
ed m
ater
ial..
."1
"Per
mea
ble
alon
g jo
ints
, fra
ctur
es a
nd
faul
ts. L
ocal
ly y
ield
s w
ater
to s
hallo
w
wel
ls a
long
out
crop
s."3
CO m g
^hit
com
be
and
Low
ry,
1968
.
2Lov
e an
d C
hris
tians
en,
1985
.
3Ric
hter
, Jr.,
198
1.
4Par
t of t
he A
bsar
oka
Vol
cani
c Su
perg
roup
.
5Par
t of G
reen
Riv
er F
orm
atio
n.
6Par
t of W
asat
ch F
orm
atio
n.
'incl
udes
Ind
ian
Mea
dow
s Fo
rmat
ion.
Incl
udes
The
rmop
olis
Sha
le.
^ve,
Chr
istia
nsen
, and
Ver
Plo
eg,
1992
des
crib
e th
e st
rati
grap
hic
plac
emen
t of t
he M
uddy
San
dsto
ne
(Mem
ber)
and
its
map
abili
ty a
s a
form
atio
n
10In
clud
es M
orri
son
Form
atio
n.
''inc
lude
s T
ensl
eep
Sand
ston
e an
d A
msd
en F
orm
atio
n.
12In
clud
es G
ros
Ven
tre F
orm
atio
n an
d Fl
athe
ad S
ands
tone
.
(0
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming
[Local number: See text describing well-numbering system in the section titled Ground-Water Data. Primary use of water: C, commercial; F, fire; H, domestic; I, irrigation; N, industrial; P, public supply; R, recreation; S, livestock; U, unused; Z, other. Altitude of land surface, in feet above sea level. Water level: D, dry; E, estimated; F, flowing; P, pumping; R, recently pumped; Rp, reported; S, nearby pumping; Z, other; ft, feet. Discharge: gal/min, gallons per minute; E, estimated; Rp, reported by landowner or driller; , no data; NA, not applicable]
Local number (P«. 2)
Year drilled
Depth of well (ft below
land surface)
Primary use of water
Altitude of land surface
(ft)
Water level
(ft below land surface) Date
Discharge
(gal/min) DatePrimary geologic unit unknown
!N-4E-llccd0127-092-02acc0127-095- ISbdOl27-095- ISbddOl27-097-22dbb01
27-097-34ddc0128-090-03dd0128-090- 17db0128-090-20abc0128-092- ISaaaOl
28-093-04cdd0128-093-05cdd0129-090-28adc0129-090-3 IbcOl29-091-13ca01
29-091-15cba0129-091-17dcd0129-092- ISbbbOl29-092- 15bbb0229-092- 15bbb03
29-092-28bbc0129-093-09aaa0129-093-llabdOl30-09 l-12bdc0130-095-27ccc01
31-094-05abb0131-094-05abb0231-097-19bcb0132-094-32db01
32-095-04dd01
32-095-09ad0132-095- lObdOl32-099-32ca0133-090-33abb0133-090-33bbc01
-
1956~
1961-
1964~--
1945
~-
195619551942
-~
195819561956
19431942194219651950
1948194819581943
1929
-
196519591958
80230
4,7903,4101,090
473200600215
10216913014022
1623
1529087
1606565~
90
297309
1,420233
3,070
3,3801,3301,050
215371
IN
UNU
USH-
N
NNSSS
ssppp
ssssH
--
Us
s
uusNN
4,9607,7007,140
~-
7,0086,4906,7206,8606,533
7,1007,2006,2006,3256,235
6,2586,2786,8206,8206,820
6,4706,4406,3606,4206,545
7,1207,1206,3917,118
5,853
5,9005,9005,9806,4806,540
-
10 Rp200 Rp-~
394 RpF~
10 Rp
88 E151 Rp-
110.09Rp
12.820.9335 Rp25 Rp25 Rp
125 Rp38 Rp22 Rp
144.020 Rp
200 Rp168.0170.4 Rp
FF,Rp
-
F85 Rp
125 Rp
--
12- -5602-14-62
--
09- -6407-20-65
-07-31-61
10- -61-
09-01-5506-12-49
04-22-6510-22-6502-02-6201-29-6208-01-56
02-23-4301-07-6210-17-4207-21-6506-08-65
09-01-5809-01-4305-22-63
02- -5804-02-65
~
10-28-6505-02-6202-01-62
-
lOORp35
100-
21220-
15 Rp
.7Rp3.5 Rp--~
-
175 Rp80 Rp80
20 Rp20 Rp--
150Rp - - -
__--
35 Rp~
~---~
06-11-64
09- -6407-20-65
-
07-31-61
10- -61~~~-
--
02-02-62~~
01-07-62
----
-
-
_.-
--
120 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Local number (pl-2)
Year drilled
Depth of well (ft below
land surface)
Primary use of water
Altitude of land surface
(ft)
Water level
(ft below land surface) Date
Discharge
(gal/min) DatePrimary geologic unit unknown Continued
33-095-2 IcdOl33-096- lOdbOl33-096-1 IbcOl33-097- 17cb0133-099-26bd01
33-099-29cac0133-1 00-2 IccaOl33-100-22bbc0133-100-22dcc0133-100-23cda01
33-100-26dd01
34-095-29ccd0136-090-OldaOl36-090-28bb0137-089-21aa01
39-093- IScaaOl42-107-29cd01
1952
1958
1958
1961
1955
~
~
-
-
1959
1952
1960
1960-
-
1958
8002,6003,430
4303,700
1,500-----
114
98
1338,6506,960
10,110
491600
N
N
N
U
N
H
H
H
H
H
H
UN
U
U
N
U
5,595
5,260
5,540
5,700-
5,510
5,680
5,740
5,750
5,560
5,587
5,360
5,728
5,690
5,800
5,340
7,120
316 Rp----
405 RpF,Rp
------
1.5 Rp l.ORp
20 RpF
96 Rp--
30 RpF
09-22-52----
01-07-6202-14-62
-..--
10-26-6501-01-5212-04-64
- -60-
-
3.0-
20 Rp---
..-..-
-
50 Rp---
25 Rp-
Quaternary Alluvium and Colluvium!N-lE-34bcb01
!N-2W-25cbb02!N-2W-27dad01!N-2W-35adc02!N-4E-31dcc01
!S-lW-06caa0129-090-06aa0129-091-13cab0129-091-17aa012N-lE-13ccc01
2S-lE-26add0230-090- 16adc0130-092-36dbc0130-093-2 IddbOl30-094-20bbc01
30-095-27cac0232-099-22dca0133-098-08cac0133-098-08cbd0133-099- ISccdOl
1966
-
1963
1976-
1978
1938-
~
1963
1960
NA
1965
1990-
-
1986
1962
1962-
28
-
2656
9
4053402560
25Spring
105025
18150494960
U
H
H
H
U
H
H
S
S
H
H
H
U
H
H
H
H
H
HH
5,329
5,810
5,920
5,870
4,978
5,700
6,220
6,235
6,267
5,285
5,280
6,330
6,280
6,365
6,505
6,544
5,555
5,165
5,220
5,410
6.008.13
10.57 R6.02 R-
4.00
9.3920 Rp-
17.004.00
NA5.556.36--
14.003.15 R
20 Rp~
7.68
-06-28-6607-17-9007-17-90
-11-01-65
09-03-8909-01-50
-09-27-50
-
NA05-19-6507-23-91
-
08-28-5008-06-9008-19-65
~07-25-91
..
..
..
15 Rp 06-28-63_.
5.0
20 Rp 06-26-78-
4 06-04-92..-
_.
10 7-21-65--
4 7-23-91-
5E_.--..
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 121
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Local number (pi. 2)
Year drilled
Depth of well (ft below
land surface)
Primary use of water
Altitude of land surface
(ft)
Water level
(ft below land surface) Date
Discharge
(gal/min) DateQuaternary Alluvium and Colluvium Continued
34-098-20daa0134-098-21ccb0134-098-32baa0138-094-08aa0138-094-09cac01
3N-lW-21aca013N-lW-22cac0140-105-05abc0140-105-09bac0141-105-21ddb01
41-105-30dba0141-105-33bcb0141-106-07dd0141-106-16bba0141-106-16bc01
41-106-1 7bdd0141-107-03aa0141-107-12ab0242-106-08ab01
42-106-08aba02
42-106-30dcc0242-106-30ddc0142-107-30ac0143-108-09baa014N-3W-08bbd01
4N-3W-17bba014N-4W-02cda014N-4W-02dcb014N-4W-26bcb015N-5W-36daa01
6N-4W-20add01
19611960-
19621965
1980198019601946
--
1988NA1962---
1956194019591947
--
1940---
19671966
--
19631967
-
2722606019
3626352025
55Spring
204211
35165040
25
8.613154030
3533-
945
12
PPUSU
HUHHH
HSNHP
HHPH
S
HHHHH
HUHHH
H
5,0705,080
~
4,7404,730
5,5005,4806,4906,4606,600
6,5706,5206,9006,8626,860
7,0007,0006,9207,340
7,355
7,0757,2007,1707,4505,920
5,9005,932
-
6,1806,260
6,840
6.0010.0017.0630 Rp
7.00 S
-
20 Rp12 Rp7.2
20 ZNA
5Rp16.35 R6.00
21 Rp8.00
17.0018.00 13.1511.49
5.49 R7.197.003.26 R
10.00 11.04
1.00~
2.73--
5E
10-12-6510-12-6509-08-4204-07-6211-17-65
-
06-04-63~
06-04-63
05- -88NA
09-01-6205-19-9206-03-63
- -5609-21-6509-30-64
09-20-64 09-26-6405-21-92
05-21-9209-26-6409-21-6505-22-92
04-01-65 04-27-65
~08-01-66
-08-02-89
~
04-01-65
-~..
10-
~--~~
30 - -88..
200--
30 Rp-..
_~
15 05-21-92..-..
20 Rp 10-27-67......--
Quaternary Terrace Deposits
!N-lW-29bdb01!S-lE-31dda01!S-lE-32acd0133-099-08acc01
33-099-23dcb02
NA19411958
Spring4545~
19
SHHH
H
5,8405,5335,4935,280
5,255
NA--
5.33 R 6.08 R
11.13Z
NA--
06-27-91 08-23-9106-11-91
.2 E 08-01-89....
8 06-27-91
8 06-11-91
122 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Local number (pi. 2)
42-109-02cccOl4N-4E-23acd014N-4W-09cad014N-4W-23adc014N-4W-23bab01
3N-2W-17acb0141-106-15cbd01
43-108-22abb01
37-089-3 IcccOl
29-090-27aab0129-093-1 IbddOl
30-090-03ccc0130-092- ISabdOl
30-094- ISdabOl
30-095-13aac0130-095- 13adc0130-096-28dbc01
31-091-09abc01
27-097- 12caa0129-090- 16cb0129-090-16cca0129-091- lOdbOl29-091-16ddd01
29-091-26bbb01
29-092-02bdc0129-092-02bdc0229-092- lOccaOl29-092-10dcd01
Year drilled
19521951
~-
1962
1955-
NA
NA
-~
-
1942
-
NA~
-
NA19621965
~-
._
19571957-
1960
Depth of well (ft below
land surface)
7023-
3040
45-
Spring
Spring
11565~
145
1,080
600Spring
150
260
Spring220
292528
322
22315960
100
Altitude Water levelPrimary of land use of surface (ft below water (ft) land surface)
Quaternary Terrace Deposits Continued
H 7,680 10 RpU 5,015 10.00H 6,185 47.49 RC 6,090 4 RpH 6,110 8
23.87 R
Quaternary Glacial Deposits
C 5,680 35.00H 6,835
Quaternary Landslide Deposits
S 7,455 NA
Quaternary Dune Sand and Loess
S 5,660 NA
Miocene rocks
S 6,185 36.23S 6,390 24.07
S 6,430 57.3S 6,568 95 Rp
94.83S 6,515 F
S 6,550 FS 6,527 NAS 6,780 65 Rp
57.348.4 R
S 6,880 150.5 R
Arikaree Formation
S 6,995 NAH 6,180U 6,190 20.00H 6,265 12.00U 6,287 19.64
S 6,390 170.0170.2
N 6,290 7 RpN 6,290 6 RpH 6,315 17.5 Rp
P 6,320 28 Rp
Date
-12-01-5105-16-9106-05-6308-02-8905-15-91
09-01-64~
NA
NA
06-04-9206-04-92
06-04-9209-01-4207-23-9107-23-91
06-14-91
NA05-12-6506-08-6508-10-9008-21-91
NA--
05-20-6508-30-5009-30-50
09-24-5004-22-6501-31-6201-31-6209-01-5007-21-65
Discharge
(gal/min)
~~-- ~
~-
21
28
17~
132012
3
8.6
12 Rp
128
360 E~-~-
._-
8001,100
~~
Date
~-
-~ -
-~
05-22-92
08-04-91
06-04-92~
06-04-9201-01-4206-27-9107-23-91
06-14-9106-14-9106-08-65
08-10-9008-21-91
06-21-90-~~-
__~
01-31-62----~
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 123
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Local number (pi. 2)
Year drilled
Depth of well Prima (ft below use <
land surface) wate
Altitude Water levelry of land of surface (ft below r (ft) land surface) Date
Discharge
(gal/min) Date
Arikaree Formation Continued
29-092- 12add0129-093-36dbb0129-094-05dcc01
29-095- ISacdOl30-095-3 ladOl
31-091-14ca0131-091-25dc0131-092-24dd0131-094-17cba01
19431973-
NA-
1960~
19641943
701,000
103
Spring75
220150172202
SUS
SS
SSSS
6,2996,597 '6,520
6,6806,590
6,7806,5046,7607,040
35 Rp220.8
65 Rp65
NA
1 15.0
91.00-
80 Rp137 Rp
02-15-4304-30-7409-10-4101-07-62
NA06-01-65
07-21-65-
10-19-6404-23-43
20---
14-
3.04.0
106.5 Rp
----
06-24-90-
--~
White River Formation
28-094- llaacOl30-098- 19cca0130-098-26bba0130-098-28bbd0131-094-04dc01
31-094-17cb0231-094-27ba0131-094-33dcb0131-095-12bdb01
31-095-15dba01
3 1-095-3 IdddOl
32-090- llaaaOl32-090-22ddc0132-094-32db02LAT-LONG4243441075953
7N-5W-lldbb017N-5W-13bac017N-5W-13bdb01
31-096-25baa0132-094-03cab0132-095-34cad0140-089-3 lacbOl40-09 l-27ddd01
40-092-3 IbabOl
NA
NA
NA
NA
1964
1964194219421964
1941
1945
NA
NA
1964NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA~
~
SpringSpringSpringSpring
242
295326326160
160
135
SpringSpring
259Spring
SpringSpringSpring
SpringSpringSpring
-
134
400
SSSSS
SSSS
S
S
SSSS
SUU
SSSSS
S
6,8587,1806,7696,9606,840
7,0606,9006,7336,960
6,768
6,715
6,9706,9627,1186,810
Tepee Trail Formation
8,3408,4008,420
Wagon Bed Formation
6,3906,8106,8206,0255,635
5,880
NANANANAISORp
135 Rp177 Rp177.090 Rp89.53 R62 Rp62.14 R
65 Rp68.16
NA
NA
140 Rp
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
F~
..
NA
NA
NA
NA08-04-64
07-24-6411-27-4201-07-6208-11-6406-12-9107-15-4106-24-91
- -4506-23-91
NA
NA07-13-64
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA06-01-92
~
__
40~~~
20
7.0121225162510
_-
11520
2
83714
.55E1.0 E
10-
2
07-22-91~~---
~----
06-12-91
06-24-91
_~
10-03-6308-21-91
~07-21-91
10-19-8910-19-8910-19-89
06-12-9106-25-9106-12-9106-01-92
-
06-03-92
124 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Local number (pi. 2)
28-094-17abd01
27-09 l-05ddc01
27-101-35dca01
27-101-15cdb01
27-092-29bb0127-093- 14cad0128-092-21acc0128-093-34dcb01
!N-lE-03bbb01!N-2E-21bbb01!N-3E-16cca01
!N-4E-12ccc01!N-4E-14dcb01
!N-4E-28acc01!N-4E-33ddb01lN-5E-10dcd01!S-2E-14aaa01!S-3E-23acc01
!S-4E-09cdb01lS-5E-llacc01
2N-lE-36bda012N-2E-17bcb012N-2E-32ccc01
2N-2W-27abc012N-3E-04acd012N-3E-17aaa012N-3E-34cdb01
2N-3W-22dcd01
Year drilled
--
NA
NA
NA
~
19661965NA
19301966
1933-
1969194419651984
--
19601965
1976-
1985
1973~
19481940
1976
Depth of w (ft below
land surfac
600
Spring
Spring
Spring
2,460180800
Spring
579300103
64
565
440435
7762~
515225
135265181
65215120218
86
Altitude Water levelell Primary of land 1 use of surface (ft below :e) water (ft) land surface)
Bridger Formation
S 7,115 F
Crooks Gap Conglomerate
S 9,010 NA
Laney Member of Green River Formation
S 7,660 NA
Wasatch Formation
S 7,625 NA
Battle Spring Formation
uS 6,950 FH 7,400 347 RpS 7,225 NA
Wind River Formation
U 5,665 533.0U 5,304 207 RpH 5,125 '21.00
U 4,915 ! 17.00
I 4,925
P -- 1 124.59U 4,970 ! 122U 4,930 !25.00H 5,100 4.12 RH 5,000
P 4,940 20.00N 5,075 ! 22.00
21.221.1622.20
I 5,300F 5,390 64.48H 5,250
H 5,780 25.82 RH 5,305 82.13RH 5,320 71.00H 5,359 90.00
~
H 5,880 30.5 Rp
Date
07-22-91
NA
NA
NA
~07-24-9110-29-65
NA
06-01-6508-01-6608-01-48
10-01-48-
08-25-8305-01-6105-01-6506-26-90
-
01-01-6005-01-6505-10-6505-27-6506-18-65
-08-20-91
~
07-19-9008-20-9105-01-4901-01-40
~07-19-90
Discharge
(gal/min)
7
.5
12E4.0
3E
-
95.0 RpIE
1.0-
~
250
_ -
20 Rp~
30
3.6 -
15 Rp6
20 Rp
12 Rp--
147.0
10 Rp
Date
07-22-91
08-23-91
11-17-7606-19-90
06-19-90
~07-24-9110-29-6507-24-91
06-22-65~
-
08-19-87
_ ~
11-30-84-
05-10-65 -
05-21-7608-20-9104-04-85
06- -73---
08-08-90- -76
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 125
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Local number (pi. 2)
Year drilled
Depth of well (ft below
land surface)
Primary use of water
Altitude of land surface
(«)
Water level
(ft below land surface) Date
Discharge
(gal/min) DateWind River Formation Continued
2N-4E-01cbc022N-4E-25ccc012N-4E-30cbc012N-5E-04bbb012N-5E-04bbb02
2N-5E-33bbb012N-6E-19bab012N-6E-30ddd0130-096-35cb01
32-094- 17da01
32-096-03bac0132-096-13bc0132-096-35cd0132-097- 17dd0133-090-22dd01
33-090-26ada0133-090-26bdc0133-090-26bdc0233-090-28aa0133-090-28abb01
33-090-28cc0133-090-28cdb0133-090-28db0133-090-32aa0133-090-32aa02
33-096-04dd0133-096-09aa0133-096-09ab0133-096-10bc0133-096-15ac01
33-096-16add0133-096-33db0133-096-33dbc0134-092-04ddd01
34-093-19dd01
1950194719891944-
1973-
1964
1941
1964194219411956
19561955-
1959NA
196119591959
~
1960
19371938193819601946
1955~
1958
1950
9050
71089
230
175100
~
240
150
110400
97171112
20611010984
Spring
105415265338207
10311311090
180
37615010065
362
SHHUH
HSSS
S
USSSN
NHNHS
PNNUU
NNNNN
NIHS
S
5,0155,0405,3604,9164,925
4,8704,8354,7806,780
7,050
5,4705,5805,6525,780
6,5006,5156,5156,4406,382
6,5006,4606,4406,5206,520
5,2305,2455,2455,2205,282
5,2785,3605,3785,650
5,619
17.5520.00
169.2 R! 22
40.0
28.72F
140.0123.9
16 Rp
36.77240 Rp-
60 Rp28 Rp
8.19
80 Rp20 Rp27.10--
NA
40 Rp70 Rp95 Rp-
125.0 124 Rp
20 Rp--
31.00ISORp
59.69 S80 Rp30.90 R30 Rp 15 Rp97 Rp
08-22-91-
08-20-9107-01-4803-01-44
08-20-91
~06-24-6406-08-6509-01-41
06-24-9106-06-64
~- -41
01-29-62 07-01-68
01-29-62 '01-26-6206-11-50
-
NA
11-19-6202-05-6211-15-64
~
05-07-62 11-19-62
01-15-62--
10-14-6501-01-46
06-25-9102-02-6206-25-91
05-12-58 07-20-91
- -41
--
15-
20 Rp
153525~
50
11-~
150
100 Rp350 Rp--
2E
lOORp955050
10-~
45-
-
30-
4.07.0
~~
08-20-91-
08-19-87
08-20-9108-19-66
--~-
~--
--
01-29-62-~-
08-21-91
-~~
-
-~~~-
--
07-20-91-
126 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Local number (pl-2)
Year drilled
Depth of well (ft below
land surface)
Primary use of water
Altitude of land surface
(ft)
Water level
(ft below land surface) Date
Discharge
(gal/min) Date
Wind River Formation Continued
34-093-20ab0134-094- 12bca01
35-089-32bdd0135-090-03cc0135-090-34ddd01
35-091-30dcb0135-094- 13bd0136-089-28dd0136-091-15bd0136-092-30aca01
36-093- ISadOl36-093-25bcd0136-094- 12ccb0136-094-28cab0136-094-36dcc01
37-089- ISadaOl37-090-19bab0137-090-25bb0137-091-10ab0137-09 l-23ac01
37-09 l-23ad0137-09 l-25bc01
37-09 l-35db0137-092-34ab0137-094- 14bd01
37-094- IScdbOl
37-094-25dac0137-094-33ac0138-090-0 Ibbc02
38-090-03cd01
38-090-07cbb01
38-090-09bd0138-090-10bcd0138-090- llcaaOl38-090- ISbbOl
19601961
196319641963
1940196119641940-
19631964195219521962
NA-
19621963-
-
1944196019601965
1958
-
19641963
1950
1962
1960195819561920
390225
355110150
165230
30089
237
240203100130104
Spring-
260620265
600113118
90173
106
21018857
143
110
70825157110
SS
SSS
SSSSS
SSuSS
SSSSc
uHSSu
S
SSS
u
S
HuSH
5,5705,480
6,2005,8206,000
5,645
5,3706,0005,6205,462
5,2105,3204,9955,1745,275
5,6605,5355,7805,6205,430
5,4405,4855,5605,3504,935
4,885
5,0254,9405,570
5,405
5,325
5,4005,4275,5005,260
177.051.0043.04
285 Rp70 Rp
100 Rp
F
38.00200 Rp
77.00-
213.0150Rp30 Rp
HORp25.00
NA71.4980 Rp
220 Rp-
38.00
77.0042.0070.00
35 Rp40.8594.7670 Rp30 Rp-
15.1121.00
FFF~
F,Rp7.00
08-25-6508-27-6506-26-9104-12-6305-26-6402-15-63
08-22-91
06-01-6507-10-64
09- -64-
06-09-6505-08-6410-04-5210-13-5208-27-65
NA06-01-9205-01-6207-13-63
~
09-14-6512-12-6112-01-6106-09-65
05-12-5808-22-9108-05-9105-15-6411-01-63
~08-12-5806-12-65
09-15-6508-08-9106-12-65
-06-12-6508-11-53
5.07.0
1315 Rp10 Rp10
2
108.0-
8.0
1020-
20 Rp1015
2E15164.0-
~
1515-
10~-
101.2
5.05
30250--
~
06-26-91---
08-22-91
---
08-06-91
-~
10-13-52-
8-22-91
08-18-9106-01-92
--~
~~--~
08-22-91
---
06-01-92
04-21-6208-08-91
----
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 127
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Local number (pl-2)
Year drilled
Depth of well (ft below
land surface)
Primary use of water
Altitude of land surface
(ft)
Water level
(ft below land surface) Date
Discharge
(gal/min) Date
Wind River Formation Continued
38-090-3 IdddOl
38-09 l-03dc0138-092-26ad0138-092-3 IbcOl38-093-06acc02
38-093-28bbc01
38-094-09ab0138-094- lldcOl38-094- 13abd0138-094-14aa01
38-094- 14ccc01
39-089-32ba0139-090- 13db01
39-090- 13dc0139-090- 13dca02
39-090-25ac0139-090-34dc0139-092- 13dbd0139-092-28cc0139-093-35acc01
39-094-29aa013N-lE-09cda013N-lE-26caa013N-lW-20aca013N-2E-02cdc01
3N-2E-14aad013N-2W-01add023N-2W-22ddc013N-3E-26aba023N-3W-04aba02
3N-4E-29dcc023N-4E-36cad01
3N-5E-33dcc0141-106-08cac0141-106-28cb01
1961--
19601962
1960
1962192219441945
1932
19621952
---
~
1952--
1960--
19601966193419181985
1946198719551941-
1941
----
1964
50850
405400565
730
130380380480
2,210
350300
120--
86250125336520
8120745
40047
40300375244
70
50160
35645235
NHSuS
S
S-NP
H
SH
UI
SHSSS
SuHHI
HHCHU
HS
UHH
5,5605,2005,5205,1714,965
5,290
4,7804,8004,7824,795
4,810
5,8005,740
4,7005,715
5,8015,4805,4705,4205,060
4,7605,6225,4555,5205,352
5,3255,7105,6805,1545,980
5,1304,974
4,8926,9557,260
300.0
25 Rp100 Rp85.00
HORp~
480 Rp--
15 Rp--
FF
FFF
7573.0054.0037.68 R
27.006.00F
175 RpF
37 Rp106.0
13.75 RF9.27
9.12-
20.0068 Rp--
8.06 R30.0050.90 RF
67.01 R42.00
12-20-61--
05-01-60--
04-12-64
01-01-60-
04-14-62~-
6-11-65
06-11-6508-08-91
05- -6208- -5306-12-6506-12-6506-01-92
- -08-01-5306-03-9212-23-6008-07-91
10-10-6111-01-6608-08-9008-08-9008-19-91
09-16-48--
01-01-41~
08-19-91
11- -4108-07-9006-15-4905-20-9209-27-64
10 Rp-
4.0~
204
8.06.0
1050 Rp2Rp
190
2.01.02Rp-
20~-
9Rp~
5020
2
12-~
5E25
~--
15-
1210--
1212
---~
06-03-92
08-05-91
~--~-
06-11-6508-08-91
~~--~
~-
06-03-92-
08-07-91
-~-
08-08-9004-25-85
~----
08-19-91 -~
05-20-92
128 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Local number (pi. 2)
Year drilled
Depth of well (ft below
land surface)
Primary use of water
Altitude of land surface
(ft)
Water level
(ft below land surface) Date
Discharge
(gal/min) DateWind River Formation Continued
41-107-12ab01
41-107-12ab0342-107-lldaOl42-107-13bd0142-107-19daa01
42-107-23cac01
42-107-25bb0142-108-06dbc0143-108-34dcd0143-109-21caa01
4N-lE-llbbd014N-lE-18dbc014N-lW-04cbb014N-lW-25daa014N-2W-06add01
4N-2W-33daa014N-3E-llabc014N-3W-34cdd014N-4E-13dbd014N-4E-19cdd01
4N-4W-08bca014N-4W-22adb014N-5E-06ccc015N-2E-13ac015N-3E-32bcb01
5N-3W-12dcc015N-4E-21ccd015N-4W-17bdd015N-5E-33aba01
5N-5W-13bcd01
6N-3W-33ccd016N-4E-32add016N-4W-36cdb017N-lE-19cca01
1958
195819611958
--
1961
1963198419501964
196619661966
--
1966
1966194719451984~
199019641937~
1966
196619661966
1945
1966--
19661945
103
12710111090
101
250--
120500
185272166487301
13110240
395100
95460
. 156150560
98296317190
180
9644
212
H
HHHS
H
UCHH
UUUSU
USHHH
HHS-
U
UUUU
H
USUU
6,930
6,9307,2907,4007,250
7,290
7,3807,5617,3407,880
5,6455,8106,1625,8246,149
5,7775,1255,8955,0025,197
6,3206,1804,875
--
5,320
6,3165,0656,2854,830
6,140
6,6255,4306,940
1825.0024.79.20
51 Rp13.47 R
13.215.14D15.06 R-
55 Rp
51.00'98.00114.0436.0117.0
44.0071.3018.00
251.2 P57.29 R
2.25 R--
47.00
D
84.00130.00101.0038.0038.2433.00
43.001.00
--
FF
04- -5809-01-6509-30-6409-26-64
- -6505-22-92
09-21-6505-20-92
-05-21-92
-07-01-64
11-01-6611-01-6611-01-6606-01-6608-01-66
08-01-6609-30-47
-08-19-9108-19-91
07-26-90-
08-01-49~
10-27-66
06-01-6611-01-6608-01-6611-01-6603-23-6709-01-64
10-01-6608-01-65
-04-28-6508-17-65
._-....~-
~.-....~
2.0103.0..-
2Rp..
10 Rp 08-19-91-
20 Rp 07-26-85---..~
7.0-
2.0
10
30-_.
10
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 129
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Local number (pi. 2)
!S-2E-09bbb0134-093- 19ddc02
37-090-20adb01
34-092- ISdbdOl
34-092-22bdc016N-2E-32aba01
!N-lE-36cb01!S-lW-06ada0127-090-33adc0131-096-05bda01
32-096-32acd01
33-098-06ccd0133-099-30bda0134-091- 13bbc01
34-094-27cd0134-095-25baa01
35-095-25aaa01
!N-lE-33bbb01!N-2W-35acd01IS-lW-OSccbOl
lS-lW-15cca012N-2W-31cda03
31-098-28dcb0132-098-27ab0132-098-27abb0232-099-03cac0132-099- 16dcc01
32-099-22dcc0133-091-08cdd0133-095-27bcd0133-099-32ddb0133-099-35cac01
Year drilled
1951
1961
1953
1954-
19631965
1965
1962-
1950
19611963
1963
195719801943
19901982
NA1963-
NA1960
1965---
NANA
Depth of well (ft below
land surface)
430268
485
298
5095
3005845
135
110
13250
271
312403
400
71280
548
10085
Spring266425
Spring345
533,4204,680
SpringSpring
Primar useo water
HH
I
U
SU
UUH.
S
UUU
SS
S
-
HH
SH
SSSHS
H
USHH
Altitude Water levely of land >f surface (ft below
(ft) land surface)Fort Union Formation
5,1905,619
5,600
Mesaverde Formation
5,645
5,7705,715
Cody Shale
5,6607,2485,505
5,503
5,2005,5605,810
5,6505,710
5540
Frontier Formation
5,3555,9005,675
5,6006,180
6,1605,7305,7255,4205,520
5,5606,0005,6555,6785,420
110.060.00 75.63 RF,Rp
--
9P8.00
5Rp15 Rp2.50F
32.00 24.51 Z
11.20-
19.317.45 P
235 Rp235 Rp
360 Rp
~
3.21 RF
.7037.49 R-
NA
30.0013.85 Z
NAF
15 Rp--
NANA
Date
--
- -60 06-26-9112-04-64
-
07-20-9104-01-65
-06-01-6303-10-6512-01-6506-13-91
12-01-65 06-13-91
08-19-65-
07-21-6508-22-9106-12-6306-12-63
06-03-63
~07-18-90
07-02-6806-26-90
-
NA06-22-6406-10-91
NA10-14-65
10-14-65--
NANA
Discharge
(gal/min)
1.010
-
30 Rp 1.07-
-
1015 -
15
9.0~ --
9Rp
15
4012 Rp
;;1.5 Rp4.0
44.0-~-
--
4.0~
2.5
Date
-
~
07-20-9107-20-91
-
--
03-10-65 ~
06-13-91
06-11-91~ --
-
01-01-5712-14-80
~
- -9007-19-90
08-05-90
---u-
.-
06-24-91-
06-10-91
130 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Local number (pi. 2)
Year drilled
Depth of well (ft below
land surface)
Prirrti use wat(
Altitude Water levelary of land of surface (ft below sr (ft) land surface) Date
Discharge
(gal/min) DateFrontier Formation Continued
33-100-llaccOl4N-4W-14ccb016N-3W-02bcb01
33-094-27adb01
31-098-02cba0131-098-18cdc0133-099-34dad01
30-098- 12bac0132-099-27dbc0133-090-22aab0133-090-22ca0133-090-23bc01
33-090-23cac0133-090-28bc01
32-099-34abc0133-099-23dc01
6N-2W-22cba01
--
19501955
NA
1971NA1971
NA1981195719581958
19571958
19491960
NA
500400138
Spring
316Spring
120
Spring225
1,7201,5001,050
9951,050
350215
Spring
UPH
S
SHS
SHNNN
HN
HH
S
5,5256,1206,950
Mowry Shale
6,048Thermopolis Shale
5,9205,8605,680
Cleverly Formation
6,2405,5606,3756,5006,440
6,490--
Morrison Formation
5,4805,260
Sundance Formation
--
1631 Rp19.00
NA
128.8 ZNA65.3R
NA143.728 Rp
392 Rp107 Rp
99 Rp107 Rp
5.00F,Rp
NA
08-11-9111-01-6504-01-65
NA
08-03-90
NA08-02-90
NA08-06-9008-21-5701-15-64
-
-
- -4908-19-65
NA
-
10-
2.0 E
-~
10
--
130 E150230
77230
6.0~
-
~--
06-25-91
--
11-15-71
~----
01-24-6209-19-61
--
-
Gypsum Spring Formation
6N-2W-22cbb01
!S-2W-24dcb0133-094-23dbd01
!S-2W-26ada0130-096-07bb0231-097-30adc0132-100-23dab0133-094-26ddb01
33-100-21adb0133-100-28abb0140-090-20dbb014N-5W-14dcd015N-6W-14ddb01
NA
1963NA
19631956NA--
NA
1971--
NANA
Spring
40Spring
56290
Spring42
Spring
706050
SpringSpring
U
-
S
UUSHS
HHHSU
6,650Nugget Sandstone
5,8856,053
Chugwater Formation
5,9805,8806,2656,1406,270
5,7705,7805,7106,920
--
NA
17.5 RpNA
32 RpF
NA4.97 R
NA
----
NANA
NA
03-29-63
NA
03-30-6308-18-65
NA08-06-90
NA
~
~
NANA
12
105.0
9.0-
5E-
60
--
75 E-
09-04-89
-06-26-91
-~
08-04-90~
06-25-91
---
06-29-90-
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 131
Table 16. Records of selected wells and springs in Fremont County, Wyoming-Continued
Local number (pi. 2)
Year drilled
Depth of well (ft below
land surface)
Primar useo water
Altitude Water levely of land f surface (ft below
(ft) land surface) Date
Discharge
(gal/min) Date
Phosphoria Formation and related rocks
2S-lW-20bdb01
30-096-07bb0130-097- lOdadOl30-097- llbbOl30-099-03cdd01
31-098-24dcd0133-101-25aaa0142-107-32dbd015N-6W-14dad015N-6W-35ada01
6N-3W-21dcb01
!S-lW-02aad0130-093-32bdb0131-098-09ad0131-099-09bcb0133-089- IScaaOl
33-089- IScdcOl33-090-24bc0133-100- ISbddOl
33-100-18cba0133-100-25ca01
33-101-13aba01
42-107-32bc01
2N-lW-18ccc01
2S-2E-19ccc0130-099- 13bb0131-100-25abd0132-100-24ccb01
33-099-23cdd0133-099-35daa01
33-101-13aba0240-089-06bca0140-090-12abc01
NA1956NA1961
NA
NANA198919631964
_
NA1950192819881960
195919581938
19881942
1939
NA
1962
19831965NA~
_.
1989NANA
Spring
269Spring
408
Spring
SpringSpring
80980200
5,450
Spring6,5902,440
4581,680
1,6701,360
900
450
3,330
700
Spring
4,210
2,9301,630
Spring2,320
~
3,010
1,400SpringSpring
SSII
S
HSHUS
S
RUNHN
NNH
UP
I
U
N
-
NUH
SS
ISS
6,4405,8905,8205,8607,280
6,0206,8807,3006,4407,640
6,600
Tensleep Sandstone
5,4806,4355,9005,6206,510
6,5866,5406,050
6,200-
6,221
7,260
Madison Limestone
6,100
5,3707,0257,5006,280
5,2605,320
6,2206,7406,600
NAF
NA20.00
NA
NANA
36 ZF
27 Rp
_.FF
NA---
F30 Rp
20 Rp26 RpFF--
F, Rp
--
496 Rp---
446 RpNA
F
F F-
NANA
NA08-18-65
NA- -61
NA
NANA
03- -8909-28-6403-26-64
..04-24-6508-08-90
NA--
09-06-8902-07-62
12-07-5909-01-64
12- -5708-17-65
-08-15-65
--
12-16-62--
07-23-65
NA08-06-90
06-11-91
6-10-91~
NANA
1.0 E900-
15016
2608.0 E--
3.0
1.01.31.2
332--
150 E364
250 Rp625100-
14539
7541-
173700 Rp262 Rp13020-
10500500 E-
227
08-01-8908-18-65
--
06-23-90
08-04-9007-25-91
--~
04-24-6508-08-90
10-20-89--
09-06-8902-07-62
12-07-59--~
-
07-25-90-
07-25-90
-
12-16-62- -90- -90-
06-23-90-
06-11-9104-15-6506-10-91
-08-09-9108-09-91
132 WATER RESOURCES OF FREMONT COUNTY
Local number (pi. 2)
Year drilled
Depth of well (ft below
land surface)
Primar useo water
Altitude Water levely of land f surface (ft below
(ft) land surface) Date
Discharge
(gal/min) DateMadison Limestone Continued
40-106-22aca014N-6W-01aca01
3N-5W-10bcb017N-4W-30ccb01
40-091-19ddb01
29-097-19bcb0130-099-19adc014N-6W-35cbd01
27-100-04dcd0127-102-OlcdcOl28-097-llbdaOl28-097- 15add0128-097- 16bdb01
28-097-23dcb0128-098-24bcb0128-101-07bcb0128-101-08cad0128-101-36dda01
29-095- 15abd0129-097-29aca0129-098-35bdb0129-099- lOddcOl29-099- 16ada01
29-101-33bba0131-093-09adc0131-093-24ccd017N-4W-30aac01
NANA
NANA
NA
NANANA
NANANANANA
NANANANA--
NANANANANA
NANANANA
SpringSpring
SpringSpring
Spring
SpringSpringSpring
SpringSpringSpringSpringSpring
SpringSpringSpringSpring
-
SpringSpringSpringSpringSpring
SpringSpringSpringSpring
CU
Us
s
szs
zssss
sssss
sssss
sssI
7,5306,580
Bighorn Dolomite
7,5208,680
Cambrian rocks
6,310Flathead Sandstone
7,3607,9009,560
Precambrian rocks
7,3227,1607,3607,3907,280
7,380
7,3307,8207,7007,500
6,6407,3407,3607,8007,811
8,0006,8607,0408,860
NANA
NANA
NA
NANANA
NANANANANA
NA
NANANA-
NANANANANA
NANANANA
NANA
NANA
NA
NANANA
NANANANANA
NANANANA-
NANANANANA
NANANANA
1094
628.2
1.0 E
-
3185
297500 E
1.0 E4.0 E5.0 E
~-
5.0 E
2.0 E-
64.5
15.0 E1.5 E
3.0 E1210 E8
05-20-9206-29-90
06-28-9009-05-89
06-03-92
-06-23-9006-28-90
06-22-9006-22-9006-21-9006-21-9006-21-90
---
06-19-9006-19-90
~
06-24-9006-20-9006-20-9006-20-9006-20-90
06-19-9007-21-9107-21-9109-05-89
Additional water levels in USGS data base or published reports.
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA 133
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1995 - 673-212 / 01006 REGION NO. 8