water reuse 2030 cj mcclelland
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Water Reuse 2030, Identifying ChallengesTRANSCRIPT
Water Reuse 2030Identifying Challenges
Water Reuse 2030
C.J. McClelland, P.E. University of Colorado14th A l
Karl Linden, University of ColoradoJörg Drewes, Colorado School of Mines
14th Annual Water Reuse & Desalination
Research Conference
Stuart Khan, University of New South WalesJoel Smith, Stratus ConsultingBob Raucher, Stratus Consulting
25 May 2010
Tampa Bay, Florida
Water Reuse WorldwideWater Reuse Worldwide
Countries Implementing Water Reuse
Jiminez, Blanca, and Takashi Asano, eds. 2008. Water Reuse: An International Survey of current practice, issues and needs. London, United Kingdom: IWA Publishing. The State of Water Reuse
Reuse
Water Reuse TodayWater Rights
Water Reuse – Todayg
Social IssuesWater Supply
Regulations
Water Demand
Opportunities
Economics
EnvironmentPublic Perception
Climate Change
TechnologyEnergy
Water Resources ManagementClimate Change g
Trends
Introduction
Water Reuse 20 Years From NowWater Reuse – 20 Years From NowWater Rightsg
Social IssuesWater Supply
Regulations
Water Demand
Water Opportunities
Economics
ReuseEnvironmentPublic Perception
Climate Change
TechnologyEnergy
Water Resources ManagementClimate Change g
Trends
Introduction
Water Reuse 2030 Project
Key Challenges & OpportunitiesScenario Scenario Studies
Expert Workshops
Surveyy
LiteratureLiteratureIntroduction
The Water Reuse 2030 ProjectThe Water Reuse 2030 ProjectOverview of Survey Results
F t A l iFactor Analysis
Results of Scenario Results of Scenario Studies
Strategies for the Future
Introduction
Surveys
Australia ParticipantsAustralia Participants
Survey Results
US ParticipantsUS Participants
5
55 14
1
17
1
7
362
1
7
7States in Water Reuse Foundation DatabaseN b f S
Survey Results
Number of Survey Participants
#
Drivers of Water Water Reuse
Survey Results
End Uses of Recycled Water
Australia United States
Survey Results
The Key Issues and Problems When I l ti g W t RImplementing Water Reuse
Australia United StatesAustralia United States
1. Financing/Economics
2 Institutional Issues
1. Financing/Economics
2 Regulatory Problems2. Institutional Issues
3. Regulatory Problems
4 Public Concern
2. Regulatory Problems
3. Institutional Issues
4 Public Concern4. Public Concern
5. Process Selection
6 Legal Issues
4. Public Concern
5. Process Selection
6 Legal Issues6. Legal Issues
7. Odor
6. Legal Issues
7. Process Installation
8. Other8. Other
Survey Results
Vision of 2030• Standard Solution• More Varied Uses• More Agricultural &
Environmental Uses• Direct Potable is an
option
Public Perception • Higher water
quality
Regulationsp
• Residuals Recycled • More Acceptable• Reuse is more of a necessity
• More of the bli i
• Lower energy use
• Can deal with micro‐pollutants
• Dual Piped
• Reuse required in many areas
• Vary from state to state
• Zero Ocean
Use
public is educated
pDistribution
Technology
outfalls• Emerging Contaminants will shape water reuse practices
Survey Results
Changes or Advancements Necessary for Water Reuse by 2030for Water Reuse by 2030
Australia United States
Improved Handling of Residuals and Solids
Energy and Efficiency
Regulatory Changes
Financing and Subsidies
Adjustment of Pricing Schemes
Financing and Subsidies
Treatment Process Improvements
Treatment Process Improvements
Public Perception
Technological AdvancementsTreatment Process Improvements
Public Perception
Technological Advancements
Technological Advancements
Institutional Changes
Adjustment of Pricing Schemesg
Regulatory Changes
Water Rights Law Reform
Energy and Efficiency
Water Rights Law Reform
Institutional Changes Improved Handling of Residuals and Solids
Survey Results
Expert Expert Workshops
Expert Workshopsp p
Issues affecting water reuseg
Factor Analysis
Scenario studies
Identify challenges
Adaptation strategies and research opportunitiesopportunities
Expert Workshops
Attendees-Denver, ColoradoAttendees Denver, ColoradoWateReuseFoundation Stratus Consulting Denver Water
University of Colorado at
Boulder
Colorado School of Mines
University of New South Wales
UOSA Metro Wastewater HDR EngineeringWA State
Department of Ecology
West Basin MWD CH2M Hill
GE Water and Process
Technology
Southern Nevada Water Authority
NellorEnvironmental
AssociatesAurora Water MWH Water Research
Foundation
CDM Sandia National Labs Black & Veatch Carollo Engineers US Bureau of
ReclamationGwinnett County,
Georgia
Water M t W t t Katz & Associates WEF Reuse
CommitteeOrange County Water District
Environment Research
Foundation
Metro Wastewater Reclamation
DistrictU.S.EPA
Veolia Siemens BOR UCAR
Expert Workshops
Attendees-Brisbane, AustraliaAttendees Brisbane, Australia
WateReuse Foundation Stratus Consulting International Water Association
University of Colorado at Boulder
Colorado School of Mines
University of New South Wales-Australia
Water Services Association of Australia
Hebrew University Israel
Water Corporation-Australia
Department of Health, South Australia
Water Secure-Australia City of San Jose, California Singapore PUB Griffith University-
Australia CSIRO - AustraliaCalifornia Australia
Australian Water A i ti
University of Q l d A t li
National Water C i i A t li
Dept. of Environment and Resource
University of Applied Science of NW Association Queensland-Australia Commission-Australia Management Switzerland
CRC Australia Veolia Water AustraliaCRC - Australia Veolia Water-Australia
Expert Workshops
Factor AnalysisFactor AnalysisFactors from literature and surveysyDiscussed and analyzed in the expert workshopsp
Interactions with water reuseInterrelationships with each otherInterrelationships with each other
Each was rated:Impact upon ater reuseImpact upon water reusePredictability
Expert Workshops
ImpactImpactImpact
Very High
High
Moderate‐High
Moderate
Low
Low‐Moderate
Low
Expert Workshops
ImpactWater Rights &
AllocationsEnergy & Technology Economic
Social
pPolitical, Regulatory &
InstitutionalWater Supply &
Demand Climate & Environment
Expert Workshops
ImpactWater Rights &
AllocationsEnergy & Technology Economic
Social
pPolitical, Regulatory &
InstitutionalWater Supply &
Demand Climate & Environment
Expert Workshops
ImpactWater Rights &
AllocationsEnergy & Technology Economic
Social
pPolitical, Regulatory &
InstitutionalWater Supply &
Demand Climate & Environment
Expert Workshops
PredictabilityWater Rights &
AllocationsEnergy & Technology Economic
SocialPolitical, Regulatory &
InstitutionalWater Supply &
Demand Climate & Environment
Expert Workshops
Water Rights & Allocations
Energy & Technology EconomicPredictabilitySocial
Political, Regulatory & Institutional
Water Supply & Demand Climate &
Environment
Expert Workshops
Impact versus PredictabilityImpact versus Predictability
Expert Workshops
Key Factors for Water Reusey
PopulationPopulationWater
Availability & Demand
Water Availability &
Demand
Water Rights & AllocationsWater Rights & Allocations
Public & Political
Attitudes
Public & Political
Attitudes
Integrated Resource
Integrated Resource Regulatory & Regulatory & EconomicsEconomics
Energy Availability, C
Energy Availability, CResource
MgmtResource
Mgmt
g yLegal Support
g yLegal Support EconomicsEconomics y
ost & Demand
yost &
Demand
Cli d Cli d h & h & Climate and Environment
Policies
Climate and Environment
Policies
Research & Technology
Advancement
Research & Technology
Advancement
Common ConclusionsCommon ConclusionsExpansion of the Perceived Role of Water Reuse
“Advanced Technologies” for educating and communicating with the public
S R l ESupportive Regulatory Environment
Integrated Resource Management
E i d t b id d i d thEconomics need to be considered in more depth
Energy concerns
Associations & Institutes to Promote Water ReuseAssociations & Institutes to Promote Water Reuse
Continued flow of science and innovation
Expert Workshops
S i Scenario Studyy
Scenario StudiesScenario StudiesPonder Alternative Futures – Not a Prediction
Focus on Sensiti it rather than modeling Focus on Sensitivity rather than modeling and simulation
Consider wide range of issues –quantitative and qualitative
Translate thinking into action and policy
Scenario Study
Scenario FoundationScenario FoundationCompilation of four different scenario studies:
General Storylines from IPCC emissions scenarios A1b, A2, B1 & B2Water withdrawal from Shen et al (2008)Water withdrawal from Shen et al (2008)Resource Management components from Makropoulos et al (2004)Future Water and Food related Issues-Rosegrant, Cai & Cline 2002
Incorporates Conclusions Dra n from Sur e s & WorkshopsIncorporates Conclusions Drawn from Surveys & Workshops
Scenario Study
Water Reuse 2030 Illustrative Scenarios
“Current “Green”Trends” Green
Moderate-high Pop. GrowthMarket-Driven , Local Focus
Low Population Growth
Sustainability Driven, Global ConsumeristHigh Water & Energy UseSome Regional Climate and
Focus
LowWater & Energy UseSome Regional Climate and Environmental ActionTechnology Driven Research
Well-coordinated research
Universal Guidelines
W h hl l dgy
– Poorly Coordinated Water is highly valued
Scenario Study
Challenges for the next 20 yearsChallenges for the next 20 years
Feeding a growing populationg g g p p
Ensuring Water and Sanitation Worldwide
Decreasing Resourcesg
Climate Change and Effects on Water / Flow Variability
Regulatory Inconsistenciesg
Uninformed public, government officials, and industry representatives
Making water reuse a vital part of water provision and the economy
Scenario Study
OpportunitiesOpportunitiesWidespread Water Reuse
V i t f li tiVariety of applications
Utilizing multiple types of water sources
Flexible Treatment Schemes to meet heterogeneity of the Flexible Treatment Schemes to meet heterogeneity of the world
Technology Advancement & Innovationgy
Resource Management & Recovery
Universal Guidelines
Economics
Effective education and communication techniquesq
Coordinated ResearchScenario Study
Closing ThoughtsClosing Thoughts
“ l” h k l d“Universal” views – Is our thinking limited?
Slow Progress hampers water reuseg p
How do we shift water related paradigms before it is too l ?late?
It is time to “think outside the box.”
Acknowledgments Acknowledgments WateReuse Foundation, projects WRF-06-017 & WRF-07-03
Anna DurdenPAC: Dan Woltering, Brent Haddad, Adam Lovell, Wade Miller Aik Num Puah Miguel RochaMiller, Aik Num Puah, Miguel Rocha
Inland Empire Utilities Agency, Denver Water, Denver Metro Wastewater Reclamation District, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
Acknowledgments Acknowledgments U.S. Workshop AttendeesBob Angelotti Robert Bastian Barbara Biggs Guy Carpenter Katharine Bob Angelotti, Robert Bastian, Barbara Biggs, Guy Carpenter, Katharine Cupps, Uzi Daniel, Anna Durden, Kathy Freas, Jeff Garwood, Brian Good, Steve Lohman, Wade Miller, Linda Macpherson, Bruce Moore, Margaret Nellor, Bobby Oligo, Joan Oppenheimer, Chris Rayburn, John Rehring, Mark Rigali Alan Rimer Miguel Rocha Andrew Salveson William Steele William G Rigali, Alan Rimer, Miguel Rocha, Andrew Salveson, William Steele, William G Shipp, Frank Stephens, Patricia Tennyson, Mike Wehner, Don Vandertulip, Dan Woltering, Amy Woodis, Jeffrey Yang, Herve Bussion, Roman Agguire, Curt Brown, David YatesAustralia Workshop AttendeesAustralia Workshop AttendeesAdam Lovell, Avner Adin, Bob Raucher, Cara Shaw, Carolyn Browning, Catherine Ferrari, David Cunliffe, Don Alcock, Eric Rosenblum, Jenifer Simpson, Harry Seah, Helen Stratton, Ian Hammerton, Jatinder Sidhu, Greg Leslie, John Anderson, John Radcliffe, Diane Weisner, Jurg Keller, Ken Matthews, Mary Rowland, Pang Chee Meng, Paul Rees, Linda Macpherson, Ted Gardner, Thomas Wintgens, Tony Priestly , YvanPoussade, CJ McClellend, Jörg Drewes, Karl Linden, Stuart Khan