water rights in wyoming
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Water Rights in Wyoming. An overview of the basic principles for using and protection water rights in Wyoming. Harriet Hageman & Kara Brighton Hageman & Brighton, P.C. Attorneys at Law 222 E. 21 st Street Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001 (307) 635-4888. Introduction. Hageman and Brighton, P.C. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Water Rights in Wyoming
An overview of the basic principles for using and protection water rights in Wyoming.
Harriet Hageman & Kara BrightonHageman & Brighton, P.C.
Attorneys at Law222 E. 21st Street
Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001(307) 635-4888
Introduction Hageman and Brighton, P.C. Areas of Practice: Water and Natural Resources
Nebraska v. Wyoming “Roadless Litigation” USFWS Wolf Management and Recovery / Predator
Control Protection of Private Property Defense of Wyoming’s “open range” law Protection of grazing rights on BLM and private property Protection of water rights Irrigation Districts
Today’s Presentation Water Rights Framework State Engineer’s Office/Board of Control Types of Water Rights Abandonment Surface Water Issues Ground Water Issues
Interference Control Areas
Instream Flow Statute
Constitutional Foundation for Wyoming Water Rights
Wyo. Const. Article 1, § 31 Water being essential to industrial prosperity,
of limited amount, and ease of diversion from its natural channels, its control must be in the state, which, in providing for its use, shall equally guard all of the various interests involved.
Wyo. Const. Article 8, § 1 Stream, springs, lakes or other collections of
still water within the boundaries of the state are the property of the State of Wyoming
Constitutional Foundation for Wyoming Water Rights: Prior
Appropriation Wyo. Const. Article 8, § 3
Priority of appropriation for beneficial uses shall give the better right.
First in time, First in Right
Wyo. Const. Article 8, § 2 Board of Control, composed of the State
Engineer and superintendents of the four water divisions are tasked with “supervision of the waters of the state and of their appropriation, distribution and diversion…
State Engineer’s Office (SEO)
Mission: The mission of the SEO and Board of Control (BOC) is to
provide for the general supervision and protection of both inter- and intra-state waters of this state. Includes the appropriation, distribution and application and application to beneficial use of water as provided under the prior appropriation doctrine, and to maintain the flexibility within that framework to meet the changing needs of the citizens of Wyoming. The SEO collects, analyzes, maintains and provides water related information for ensuring the appropriate management and regulation of Wyoming’s water resources.
Core Business Functions: Permitting and Adjudication of Water Rights Administration and Regulation Administration of Interstate Compacts and Decrees
Website: www.seo.state.wy.us/index.aspx
State Engineer’s Office (SEO)
SEO Divisions and Contact Information Administration
Patrick T. Tyrell, State Engineer 307.777.6150
Board of Control Allan Cunningham, BOC Control Administrator
307.777.6178 Surface Water
John Barnes, Surface Water Administrator 307.777.6475
Ground Water Lisa Lindemann, Ground Water Administrator
307.777.6163 Superintendent – Division
Randy Tullis, Superintendent 307.532.2248
Board of Control (BOC) Board of Control – W.S. § 41-4-201
Jurisdictional Examples: Exclusive original jurisdiction
Abandonment Change in Use
Adjudicated water rights (permitted go to State Engineer)
Change in point of diversion Reinstatements, etc.
Board of Control (BOC) Board of Control – W.S. § 41-4-201
Ability to deliver and protect water is dependent on recorded water right
Board of Control (BOC) Board of Control – W.S. § 41-4-201
State Engineer and 4 Superintendents; Fully staffed office in Cheyenne; Quarterly Meetings Special Meeting can be called – cots to party
requesting Statues require BOC to maintain water right
records – open to public
Wyoming Statutes Beneficial Use (Wyo. Stat. § 41-3-101)
Beneficial Use is the ultimate foundation of every water right.
A water right is a right to use the water of the state, when such use has been acquired by the beneficial application of water under the laws of the state relating thereto, and in conformity with the rules and regulations dependent thereon.
Beneficial use shall be the basis, the measure and limit of the right to use water at all times, not exceeding the statutory limit except as provided by W.S. § 41-3-317 (Board of Control Statute).
Types of Water Rights Surface Water Rights
Direct Flow Reservoir Surplus and Excess
Ground Water Rights Specific - Interference
Surface Water Rights Surface Water
Original Surface Water Right Supplemental Surface Water Right (W.S. § 41-3-113)
New source of supply for lands for which an appropriation of water from a primary source already exists.
Total amount diverted under primary and supplemental right shall not be in excess of 1/70, unless surplus statutes are involved.
Reservoirs (Art. 3, Chpt. 3) Secondary permits are necessary to protect use of stored
water for irrigation on certain lands Safety of dam inspections
Failure to comply shall subject permit to cancellation at any time
Surplus and Excess Water: Specifics
Surplus Water – W.S. § 41-4-318 (March 1, 1945)
Excess Water - W.S. § 41-4-329
Ground Water Rights Ground Water
Original Ground Water Right Additional Ground Water Right Interference
Ground Water: Specifics Interference – W.S. § 41-3-911
Available to surface and ground water users; Must file written complaint alleging
interference by junior user with SEO and pay $100;
SEO will investigate and issue a report stating findings;
Administrative Procedures Act Remedies are available.
Permitting and Adjudication Surface Water
Application (Surface Water Forms) Ditches or canals Enlargements Reservoirs Stock Reservoirs
Appropriator Forms Completion of Construction Notice of Beneficial Use
Proof Field Inspection Advertising Board of Control Order
Certificate of Construction Certificate Record Books Tab Book Updated
Permitting and Adjudication Ground Water
Application (Ground Water Form UW5) Appropriator Forms
Statement of Completion – UW6 Notice of Completion of Beneficial Use – UW8, Part I
Proof Field Inspection – UW8, Part III Advertising Board of Control Order
Certificate of Appropriation Tab Book Updated
Abandonment of Water Rights
Abandonment of Water Rights – W.S. § 41-3-401 Definition: Water user fails to intentionally or
unintentionally to beneficially use water right, whether adjudicated or unadjudicated for five (5) successive years.
Excuse exists if: Facilities to divert exist in usable form; and Not a sufficient supply of water available
BOC has exclusive original jurisdiction over abandonments
Abandonment of Water Rights
BOC Abandonment Procedures: The BOC may grant an extension for non-use
(water user must show reasonable cause and due diligence);
Once the complaint is received, the issue is referred to the appropriate superintendent for hearing;
Superintendent takes information back to BOC for vote.
Abandonment of Water Rights
Standing An individual petitioning for the BOC for
abandonment of a water right must have standing.
The Petitioner must meet the following requirements:
Possess a valid water right of equal or junior status; Water right must be in the same source of supply; Petitioner must benefit from a declaration of the
abandonment or sustain injury by reactivation of contested water right.
Improvement of priority alone is not enough to show benefit.
Abandonment of Water Rights
Forfeiture of Water Rights – W.S. § 41-3-402 The State Engineer can initiate abandonment
Not the policy of the State Engineer, but has happened on at least one occasion (NP Basin)
State Engineer’s Abandonment Process: BOC Secretary refer to superintendent where forfeiture is
alleged; Superintendent sends notice of hearing, via certified mail to
all owners of lands covered by the appropriations; State Engineer can not vote at BOC hearing; The BOC votes using secret ballots (3 affirmative votes are
needed); BOC sends certified copy of declaration within 60 days;
have 30 days to appeal to District Court
Control Areas Control Areas
Definition and Formation Regulation
Control Areas Control Areas - W.S. § 41-3-912
BOC can declare a control area for the following reasons:
Use of groundwater is approaching a use equal to current recharge rates;
Groundwater levels are declining or have declined excessively;
Conflicts between users are occurring or are foreseeable;
Waste of water is occurring or may occur; Other conditions exist or may arise that require
regulation for protection of the public inters
Control Areas Control Areas - W.S. § 41-3-912
BOC defines the control area geographically and stratigraphically;
BOC may designate 5 board member districts for purposed of election of control area advisory board
Superintendent shall proceed with adjudication Failure to comply may result in tagged or locked
pump Permit process changes
Instream Flow Instream Flow Statutes
Title 41, Article 10, Chapter 3 General Information
Studies Recent Developments
Instream Flows Instream Flow Statute
Defined as beneficial use Unappropriated water may be appropriated for
instream flows Water used shall be minimum flow necessary
to establish or maintain fishery Specifically define stream segment and
amount State of Wyoming owns the instream flow right Limitation on application locations Feasibility study – WWDC to Game and Fish
Instream Flows Instream Flow – General Information
Statutes passed in 1986; Approximately 90 applications; 17 or those have been adjudicated Game and Fish has never placed a call for
regulation
Questions
Harriet M. Hageman & Kara BrightonHageman & Brighton, P.C.www.hblawoffice.com