water science & tech

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Post Graduate School

Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi ". ..

Examlnatlon for Admission to Ph.D. Programme2()11-2012 .

Discipline : Water Science and Technology . !Discipline Code :22 Roll No.

If--_.

I. ,

Please Note:

~ . (i) This question paper contain~ 13 pages, ~[ease~heck ~hether a n ~he.p~ges.are~t printed in this set. Report discrepancy, If any, Immediately to the.~n::~Ilator.

r (ii) There shall be NEGAT1VE marking for WRONG answers in the Multiple.

jI Choice type questions (No.1 to 130) which carry one mark each. For evelY

wrong answer 0.25 mark will be deducted.

PART -I (General Agriculture)

Multiple choice questions (No.1 to 30).

Choosethe correct answer (a, b, cor d)and enter your choice in the clrcle (byshading with a pencil) on the OMR ~

answer sheet as per the instructions.

givenon theanswersheet.

1. Which of the following crops have beenapproved for commercial cultivation in India?

a) B t cotton and Bt brinjafb) Bt cotton and Golden Ricec) Bt maize and 8t cotton,d)~' Bt cotton only

2. This year (2010-11) the expected food grainproduction in India is212 million tonnes220 million tonnes235 million tonnes250 million tonnes

a)

b)

' - d t

')

l

3. The genome of which of the following. cropsis stili not completely sequenced?

~ Riceb) Soybeanc) Sorghumd ) < Wheat

fl

4. According to the Approach Paper to the tz "Five Year Plan, the basic objective of the12thPlan is /'

a) Inclusive growthb) Sustainable growthc) Faster, more inclusive and sustainable

growthd) Inclusive and sustainable growth

..~

5. To address the problems of sustainable and

holistic development of ___I§inf~.~.Elr~§l .S ,including appropriate. fann.ing.andJivelih.Qodsysf$m appidaches,~the Government of Indiahas set up the

a) National Raipfed Area Authorityb) National Water~hedDevelopment Project for

Rainfed Areasc) National Mission on Rainfed Areasd) Command Area Development and Water

Management Authority

n.

6. Which of the following sub-schemes are notcovered under the ~shtriya Krishi Vikas

'. Yojana? ..

(~ Extending the Gre'ehRevolution to eastern

yIndia .

~ b) Development of 60,000 pulses and oilseeds. villages in identified watersheds

c) National Mission on Saffrond) National Mission on Bamboo

7. Themlnlmurn support price for the common.'variety of pa~SlY announced by the

Government or India for the year 2010-11

was

~~1030

it¥! 1000c) f 980

d) f 950

8. According to the Human DevelopmentReport 2010 of the United Nations, India'srank in terms of the human development

. !!Jdex is.~119b) 134

c) 169

d) 182

)



.. .. .

Subject: PhD - Wat~r Scienee and TeCh~91~(zy-20'l1"

. .

9. Which of the following doe.s not apply to SRImethod of paddy cuttlvatlon? '

a) Reduced waterapplication "b) Reduced plant density, ','.c V Increased application of chemical fertilizersd) Reduced age of seedlings

. '3

10. Which organic. acid, often, used as, a, preservative, occurs' naturally in cranberries,prunes, cinnamon and doves? "

a) Citric acid,..b{Senzoic acid,c) Tartaric acidd) Lactic acid .

11. Cotton belongs to the familya) Cruciferaeb) ~nacardiaceae

~ Malvaceaed) Solanaceae

12. Photoperiodism isx,Bending of shoot towards source of lightb) Effect of lighUdark durations on physiological

processesc) Movement of chloroplast in cell in response

to lightd) Effect of light on chlorophyll synthesis

13. Ergot disease is caused by which pathogenon which host?4levioeps purpurea on rye

b) Puccinia recondita on wheatc) Drechlera sorokinianaon wheatd) Albugo candida on mustard

14. Rocks are the chief sources of parentmaterials over which soils are developed.Granite, an important rock, is classified as

/ < i J Igneous rockb) Metamorphic rockc) Sedimentary rockd) Hybrid rock

15, Which one of the following is a Kharif crop?~Pearlmilletb) Lentilc) Mustardd) Wh'eat

'I

16. The coefficient of variation (C.v.) iscalculated by the formula

a) jMean/S. D.) x 100

»Y (S.D.lMean) x 100c) , S.D.lMean '

d) Mean/S.D.

"

2

17. Which of the following, is, commonly referred, to as muriate of potash?

a) Potassiumriitrate~ Potassium chloridec) Potassium sulphated) Potassium silicate ,

18. Inbred lines that have same geneticconstitution but differ only at one locus arecalled" ,

a) Multi lines, ,b) Monohybridc) lsoqenic linesd) Pure lines

19. For applying 100 kg of nitrogen, how muchurea would one use?

a) 45 kg I e- : Ar\q1)b) 111 kg J ? - \ 4 - 6 " ' _ ¥ ( J l~~'"

~ 222,kg It~ zn,.d) 333 kg ~

20. The devastating impact of plant disease onhuman suffering and survival was first

realized by epidemic of. . . a Y Brown spot of rice in Bengalb) _Late bli(l 'ht of potato in USAc) Late blight of potato in Europed) Rust of wheat in India

21. The species of rice (Oryza) other than O .sativa that is cultivated is

a) 0, rufipugon

b) 0. /ongisteminata

~) O. glaberrima

d) O.nivara

22. The enzyme responsible for the fixation ofC02 in mesophyl l cells of C-4 plants is

,.a) Malic enzyme__a] Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylasec) Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinased) RuBP carboxylase

, 23. Which one of the following is a 'Vertisol'?pYBlack cotton soilb) Red sandy loam soilc) Sandy loam sodic soild) Submontalle (Tarai) soil

24. What is the most visible physical,__..characteristicof cells in metaphase?

. . . e r Elongated chromosomesb) Nucleus visible but chromosomes notc) Fragile double stranded loose chromosomesd) Condensed paired chromosomes on the cell

plate}



3ubject: PhD - Wat~r scienc~ and r ~ ~ h l l o i 6 g } ' : _ · 2 0 f 1 .

25-.All. weather. phenomena like rain,fog· andmist occur in .

;;r("Troposphereb) Mesospherec) Ionosphered) Ozonosphere

. . - .. ' ..

. . '.. .

26. Which of the following elements is commonto all proteins and nucleic acids? .

a) Sulphurb) Magnesium

. J J Y . .Nitrogend) Phosphorous

27. Silt has intermediate characteristics between

a) Sand and loamb) Clay and loamc) Loem and gravel~ Sand and clay

28. Certified seed is produced froma) Nucleus seedb) Breeder seed4' Foundation seedd) Truthful seed

29. Seedless banana is an~ Autotriploidb) Autotetraploidc) Allotriploidd) Allotetraploid

30. Which one of the following is used to test thegoodness-Qf:fit of a distribution?

a) Normal test

b) .t- test~hi-square testd) F-test

PART - II (Subject Paper)

Multiple choice questions (No. 31 to 130).Choose the correct answer (a, b, c or d)and enter your choice in the circle (byshading with. a pencil) on the OMR -answer sheet as per' the instructionsgiven on the answer sheet.

J.

31. ThEhscience which deals with snow and iceis known as

)oa) Cryologyb) Glaciology

7c) Limnologyd) Potamology

32. Which is the odd one of the following?a) Snowb) Sleetc) Raind) Hail·

33. The mos t commonly. used formula tor....computing return, p§riod is

a) ..'Californh3formula.----'b) Hazen's formula...A.. c) Weibul'sforrr(9J)oV-·d) Beard's formula": "

,.34.'the sub surfa ce -ru~off is also known as}l)--lllte!"flQW ,.. . .

b),..--8torm.seepagey) .Secondary base flow~AI I o f the above '.

35. Soil structure refers to which of the

following?,Arranpements of soil particlesb) Proportlonof sand, silt, clayc) Organic compositiond) Profile depth

36. Why is sediment ~ often le...&.s,iban._soil

ero~Qn in a glvendr2im\g~i;'.?"a) Because streams usually cannot carry all of

the sediment that is eroded, . p ) - Because sediment·yield is totally unrelated to

soil erosion. c) Because streams naturally evolve towards a

graded condition~) Because a stream's bed load usually(' exceeds its suspended load

37. What ~~Dtage area in India is droughtprone? .._ .

a) 40

b) 50c) 60

d) 70

38. The volume of water passing by_p...eLunitimeis called the vol.Ym~t"9W rate. Wlla! happensto the volume' flow r a t e ' of the water as itpasses from thick section to the thin section?

a) It wlfl decreasej}/ It will increase

c) It won't changed) Cannot know

39. Isotherm is a line which joins the points ofequal

a) Rainfall depth-~ Temperaturec) Humidityd) Atmospheric pressure

40 . Which of th e following constituents found inground water is mostlikely associated with

agriculture l~!1QJJS~?

a) Nitrate1 ;» Sulfate

'Pc) 'l@~n.io 0

d) Ohromlum " ~



Subject: PhD - Water Science and Technology - 2011

41. Soil having highest infiltration capacitya} . sandy clay loamb) .Clay loamw} t.oarn .d) Silty clay

I

42. A 'piezometer is inserted into the ground to a

depth of .1 5 m. The ground elevatlonat the .. point of insertion is 880 m above the meansea level (MSL). The. distance from the .ground surface to the water table in .thepiezometer is 5. m. What is thLelevationhead measured by the piezometer?

a) 875 m '

b) 865 mc) 860 m

d) 855 m

\0

(~'.

43. During which of the following does watermove in a direction different from others?

a) Percolation \

,))Y"Transpiration \ -'~c) Infiltrationd) Precipitation

44. Climate is influenced by~ The amount of incoming solar radiation)lb) Earth's rotation. .c) The tilt of earth's axis

1d) The moon's gravity

45. Which of the followlnq statements is false?a) Recharging of water is a slow processb) The water table moves down in a dry

weather

c) Water in a confined aquifer is under pressurefJ Groundwater is stationary and does notmove

46. The main difference between a ~ensionand a cWlai.d,isthat ... . z r In suspension, the particles e~nt~Ily settleto.the bottom . .

7b) In suspension, the solute is permanently

dissolved in the solventrc) In colloids, the particles eventually settle to

the bottom. d) In colloids, the solute is ~rmanenyY

~~-!~]~~~

47. In the case of a water table well, the

piezometer surfacer a) is above the ,ground level1'b) is below the water I~vel in the well- s r between the gro~",lgyel and the -water

surface in the.wJ1'(d) 'below the water ~.cfape inthe.~11

6

48. A 6 hour storm of unlforrn intensity and atotal rainfall of e em produced. a runoff of .5 .

.em. What is the.runoff produced QY~12:JlQurstorm of uniform lntensityand a total rainfallof ' 1 _ . , l . cm a~sumingq)-index to <be sameduring both the storms?

a) 5 cm

b) 8 emc) 9 em

d) 11 cm

49. Which of the following has the highest

infiltration capacity? _I,

~orest land, = r,b} Grazed pasture

)10) Concrete pavement in airport,d) ROOkyland

50. The salinity in watera) Reduces the ellaPGfa~Onb) Does not affe~t.A'@poration

c) Incre?J!~§Jhe e.,!~ppJJitiond)( Difficult W S ? y'- _ - ..;:.~-- - .. -.".,~,.

51 . How is~;-~~~()re(j in an aqUlfqr?~ a) In an open underground, lakeI.,.by In cracks and spacesjn rocks" f : ) In impermeable rocki'd) In wells and springs

52, For drinking water, the, World· HealthOrganization recommends ~ level of __

~ ! l f o r r n j>__a~te.r.la~:.cQJQnies~per·~.millll1t.el§':),ofwa,ter sCl.!Up_1e:;"

a) 0 .

b) 5c) 10d) 100

53. Evaporation ·through plants and fromsurrounding soil together is called

a} Evaporationb),...lranspiration

,~ Evapotranspirationd) All of the above

54. The [)ermeability of an a~uifer .Klnc~eases wfthincrease in temperatureb) Increases with decrease in temperature

c) is independent of temperatured) Decreases with decrease in temperaturer-

55. The problem of flood. routing Jbrgugh a<reservoirmay,be appro~Qhed using

. . . a } o The law 0tGo~_~~rV'at(071"()fffi~!§'~._~r Newton's sfrcond law ~'"~~c) The law of conservation of energy

yet)' Darcy's law



.~'

. ' . · · '_ ·· · .v : f_ ·~ ~ :. ' ' < 'C .: . - , ' . :: : . ~ .{ - , - ~ :: , . : ' , ' . - , ~

Subject : PhD - Wate r S c ien c e and Technology ':" ':2011"" . 5

56. A fo rm l;lJ ~ 1Q .. d et erm ine~ .t he ;:a is irib ut la n(ofne~~<through an aquifeOs

a) ~ ' D a r ~ q u a T f 6 r r " " "" ~ , ~. .b) Poiseuille's equationc) Laplace's equationd) Ri~hard's equation

. .'

57. How much of earth's water is fresh water?a) 97%b) 50%

/0)" 3%d) 1%

58. What is the best definition ofgeorefererrcihg?

, _a )/ The process of a~signing cO..Qr.djoatesfroma·ft{n~le.fer$mce system to.spat lal data

b) The process of ma!9hing ~dd,r!.'lsslocationswith street' data .

).,c) The process of assigning datum andspheroid to the data' - .

).jd) The process of transferring geographicI coordinates from one projection to another

59. All the feature classes in a feature datasetmust have -," .' "

a) Same source data--b) Same projectlonc-c) ~,ame field types,»d) a) and b)of the above

60. In standard False Colour Composite (FCC),some, water bodies appear in ~ colourwhich could be because of

a) Large depth onlyb) Shallowness onlyc) Turbidity-onlyd) Shallowness or turbidity

61. What will happen tothe_Y_~Q~lty'QJw~le . r ,as i,tpasses from a relatively !.~!£~~gtGljQn,otplPeto a relatively !bin,section, of,pipe?

. ~ It w ill increase'b) It will slow downc) The velocity won't changed} Can't say

62. The probability that a T, year flood occurs inJ •

any1year IS

1,,~a}---'-T

, r

b) [ ~ rJc) 1 0 g [ ~r Jd) e -Tr

"

63. For a given storm, the~erage d~Pth'ol\<@infairq~~L~n,§lr~a " . ---",,_....- ' '''-,,.,.--

a) .Decreases with increase)D ~[I?ab) Increases wmfincrease in area

,c)--has no r~J@.!lonith,ar.ead) Decreases with decrease in area

64. The average equivalent ratio oU9~:!:M,g)J9·HC03~·. .., . .. .

a), Lower in the high~land river waters than thatin the low-land river waters

, b)·~Higher in the high~land river waters than thatin the low-land river waters '

c) Double in the low-land river waters ascompared with that in the high-land riverwaters '

d) More than double in the low-land river waters/ '

as compared with that in the high-land riverwaters

65. Based on PET, available water holdingcapacity of soils and both moisture and thethermal classifications, the climate of Indiahas been divided into how many zones?

a) 10

b) 8

-0} 6

d} 4

,1

66. The areas covering northern Punjab,Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal,Orissa, Madhya Pradesh and northern partof Andhra Pradesh fall under

a) Humid climate

b)...Sub-humid climatec) Pre-humid climated) Semi sub-humid climate

67. The cereal production on accountof climate

chc!l]g~*~ly to .d~c;ljnea) Every where in the worldb) , Only in the developed countries- . e r Only in tb~>de.velopingcountriesd) Both in .the developed and developing

countries

68. Meteorological drought in the area is @liD~das a situation where the actual rainfall

decreases by more thana) 40 percent of the normal rainfallb) 30 percent of the normal rcainfall~ 25 percent of the normal rainfalld) 20 percent of the normal rainfall

69. The evaporation from the _a.~mi~dry"".$oil,which occurs _ 1 - ( ) days after al1,jrriga!ion,depends on '

a) Climatic factorsb) Type of the soilc) Characteristics of the crop. . . a r - Hydraulic conductivity of the soil ~



SUbject: PhiJ- Wat~r S~i~nceand Technology -2011

70. The. ~eC!:kperiod evapotran~piration, isrequlreo for .

a). Determining irrigation water supplyb) Evaluating the performance of an irrigation

project

~Ianning an irrigation systemd) Developing irrigation schedules

71. Stokes' law is valid only when the Reynoldnumber is

a) Between 1and 10b) Does not conslderably exceed 1c) Considerably less than 1d} Does not exceed 1

72. The major role of water user's assoclation ina canal irrigated command at present is to

a) Qecide on season's water allocationb) Consult and look to the irrigations

departments for water supplyc} Ensure that outlets and structures are not

tempered withdt-'Distribute water below outlets

73. The efficiency of De~ SupporL.$~stem(DSS) is the' _. _ .

a) Measure of the skill of the.declslon makes'b) Degree to which goals are achievedc) Success in developing the linkages between

the objects. . . 9 ) . . . . Measure of the use of inputs

74. The main difficulty in developlnq an expertsystem for planning ~nLQReJatin9_.-,_vlatefresource systems is associated with-the

J} Effective ma~JpJJilltiQn,,_QL!.~[gekD,Pwledgebases ' .'

-b) EWectivemanipulation of large databasesc) Complexities of the changes on the

programmesd} Lack of availability of input data

75. Remote sensing may be used to ca r ry outground water investigations by performing

a} Geohydromorphological mapsb) Hydrogeomorphologicat maps

c) G~~orpho~giC maps, . .At) G~,hydrot9gical maps

76. M~JQLirrigationprojects includesSnly surface water based schemes irrigatingmore than 10,000 ha area

b) Only surface water based schemes irrigatingmore than 20,000 ha area

c} Both the surface and ground water basedschemes irrigating more than 10,000 ha area .

d) Both the surface and ground based schemesirrigating more than 20,000 ha area

'I

6

77. The major reason for the gap between .the. . C?r~Jtted_andthe.,utilized irrigation potential

. under the medium and' major irrigationprojects as reported by the Committee set upby the Ministry· of Irrigation and Power in1972 was

~on-availability of field channels

b} Use of unreliable data for designing andconstructing irrigation networkc) Excessive seepage losses in the canal

network.d) Absence of water users' associations -

78. One of the several limitations of the~]ijJ<o:\ts equation used for determininginfiltrafion rate of water into soil is-that it doesnot fit wel l fo r

a) Small values of elapsed time- - . . b Y Large values of elapsed timec) coarse-textured soild) Flne-textured soil

79. If the depth of_waterin an e'arthen channe! i ! : i ,

i l J g r . e a s e d , the:per6e~Lseepag~los,!>irnh~~C e h a - r i n e f " w i l t inc/ease . .

a)' pra[QaiQL l_aUy~~w itho.,.Ahe-,-inerease·-- in·"JheCa[rylng,capacity.oUhech.annel

~ Proportionally less than the increase in thedepth

f } Proportionally more than the increase in thedepth

d} Proportionally with the increase in the depth

80. The applicability of the Darcy's law in anysoil

..a}-'Depends upon soil textureb) Depends on soil structurec) Depends both on soil texture and soil

structured) is independent of soil texture and soil

structure .

81. The total flow r~.iEilQt_W,ater.in.aaturated soil

is~9rtL()!!~J,.19Jhe~) Radius of the pores. tb} Square of the radius of the poresyo) Third power of the radius of the poresI~ Fourth power of the radius of the pores

82. The initial weight of a 2:~~fl1~"ly~im~t~r afterirrlgaffng' a crop was measured as 6.35tonnes and its weight 10 day after irrigationwas found to be 6,15 tonnes. If the volume ofthe drainage water collected was 100 lltres,the average value of the dailyevapotranspiration of the crop will be

a) 2.75 mm. J a 1 2.50 mmc) 2.25 mmd) 2.00 mm



83. A water sample with, a cacos concentrafton

of 150 mgllitre maybe classified as

a) Softb) Moderately soft

c) Hard. _ . . . I J : r Moderately hard

'84. The spacing between tiles for sub-surfacedrainage in a .§.!.Ity!:'c!9yloams

JlY Less than that in a clay solib) Greater than that in a clay-loamc) Greater than that in a sandy-loamd) Less than that in a clay-loam

85. If the field capacity of a soil is 30 percent,

moisture before irrigation is 20 percent,apparentspeclflc gravity of the soil is 1.6,root zone depth 1 m and daily consumptiveuse is 8 m, the irrigation interval is

a) 25 days

~Odaysc) 15 daysd) 10 days

86. The water availability to the plants~i[l~§Is9,ila) Remains the same overthe entire range of

water.availability - "

1)Depends upon the ~~Clt~rtable_leve.Ldepth

. c) Remaihs the same upto the critical soil

moisture level~/Decfeases with the water potential

87. If surface irrigation system is designed such 'that the advance phase of water front takes

only 25 percent of the total irrigation time in asoil, the it1fi1trationrate of which is inverselyproportional to the square foot of the elapsedtime, the water application efficiency of thesystem can be expected to be more than

_ _ . . a t 90 percentb) 80 percentc) 70 percentd) 60 percent

88. The design and .rnanaqement studies- insurface irrigation systems are carried out to'increase . '-~'-'-' _.. '~'-. ,

a) Wqter use efficiency

. J l . r Appllcation efficiencyc) Storage efficiencyd) Distribution efficiency

89. In a perfectly designed check basin system .of irrigation . -,

a) Recession phase is more important than thedepletion phase

vPr Depletion phase is more important than therecession phase

c) Either of the two phases are equallyimportant

d} None of the two phases are important

"

.' "

90 . Water storage efficiency is the ratio betweena) Water stored In the rootzoneand the water

applied to th e fieldb) Water used by the plant and water stored in

the root zone~Water stored in the root zone and the water, holding capacity of the root zone

I

d) Water released from the root zone and water, stored in the root zone

91. The friction loss, p~L,l.!niLJ~D9th in'~ lateralpipe with the s?l)le' size"as,th§tofJDE.! ..m§linp i p e ofa pre~sQti~-~~:1kdg;;itiQii~ystem

a) is more than that in the main pipeb) Remains the same as that in the main pipec) Increases with the number of the cutlets in

'/

the lateral pipe~ is less than that in the main pipe

92, The groundwater flow into a wSlILjs

governed by a P4E~}!,.~~~.Y.fl'1.pti9.n.wh.i,Gbstates that the lfaw velocity is proportional

to thea) Sine of the hydraulic gradiyntb) Cosine of the hydraulic gradient~ Tangent of the hydraulic gradientd) Cotangent of the hydraulic gradient

93. Out of the four surface geophysical methods,fhe most widely apPlied' " m e f h o d forgroundwater investigation is the

a) Gravity methodb) Seismic reflection methodc) . Seismic refraction method

~Resistivity method

94. One of the most wideILg__9Q~ptEgj~Q!I andwater c::gll!lervationp"ra.c::~icesor watershedswitffs(opping agri94rtl,lr~.Ilands is

a) Contour"anCigraded bunding

b) Buffer strip cropping

. . .. M ' Contour cultivationd) Land leveling

95. The moisture content in__g_fj§.Ld_.basto be

raised from !?_RercenL12.gQ.mm:;enltbmughirrigation, If the apparent specific gravity ofthe soil is 1.5 and the root zone depth is 50

em, the depth of water to be added would bea) 5 cm

.J;l) 6 emc) 7 emd) 8 cm

96. The velocity of a particle ~.r.gly"~!ingith,waterthrough a sedime_nt.basin is ilJ.Y.E')rp~lyproportional to the

a) Flow rateb) Length of the basin

. . . , R l f Depth of the basind) Concentration of the sediment

7



Subject: PhD - Water Science a~d Technology:_2011

97 . Hydraulic ram is an impulse ..PUITIR. and isspecially suitable for ~~.: .'. ... .

a} Coastal areasb} Humtdareas>"

$J..-'"'Hillyareasd) Alluvial areas"

G;,)ouri!l.g ..pud~lIing, the soU ! ! , . . J > . . . . Y . b l ~ , . . C t e . d . " . . to.s!re~~§'_)t"I..! ~ L f . < : I ! ) . 9 . e , . th~_J19P;J;;~pJU~r.y.~p.Ql:espace is destroyed, In_.~J~,.J~UJ,t@ !jon,heapparent specific volume ,of soil is .. . .

a) Increasedb) Reducedc} Homogenizedd) Same as before puddling

99. Water b E ! m m ~ J . .Qc9.ursin a pipe when the

flowin_9fluid e~p-L~~_e_$JL$!Jg!:len[~gY..cll9.nJna) Pressureb) Pipe diameterjii) Velocity

d} Pipe roughness

J00.A t Y P 1 9 _ l : l L small watershedconcentrates - f l l S f o - ( f : · · · _c .-_ ••• _ "_- •••

a} .W a t e r 'c O n s e r v a ( i9 nb) Water harvesting.e) Land treatment .

/,d) Forest cover,'

prOj,ect

101. Isohyets are dr~\NnQYa) Joining rain gauge statlons

.-b}' Drawing lines of equal rainfall for a givenduration -

c) Orthogonal lines joining rain gauge stations

d) Lines of equal elevations

102. Flood routing is the.£on:!P.I,I~,,!~[gI1QJa) DirectJonof the flood flowb) Jnflow hydrograph, when the _ outflow

hyarographis known '.

' . . . c r Ou~ow ,hydrograph, wheQ the inflowhydrograph and storaqe properties areknown

j<d) Storage, when the outflow hydrograph isknown

103. It is a thumb rule that for ever{(2...JP.~discharge, the border width can",\:>.E;l.lIxed1 _ ~ ~ " " " " , . - , , , , . , , , - , _ ~ , . - , - , , , , , , , . ._ . ~ , ~ , , , ~ , _ , . - , _ . . . "_,,-_l--,._

approxirlli;ltelya) 1.0-m··

b) 1.5 mc) 2.0 m

d) 2.5 m

104. Flow in an irrigation channel is assumed as

Y , l ) Gradually varied\ . . b f Spatially variedc) Uniformd) Rapidly varied

8

105. The velocity distribution across a pipeflowing full is

a) Trianqular

' - b Y ' " Parabolic i

6 ) Uniform·d) Semi-circular

( Q i > In a season, 1@._.mm,otlrrigatlQn.Wat~Lof.an elec.trj9!'l,.I_c_Q'l~_lJ_9Jivityf 1A dS·

1was

applied on one hectareland. The salt added. to theare_awouldb~((in k g y .a) 1318 ,".. . ... -_',,,,,,

b) 1344

c) 1434

d) 1813

107. A practlcal rnemoq of d~terrninatil?_n..()fgJQP

S:r:.i~Jhrougl:l e l < . P . .~~!1m~l1.!~~jgnra) Sman pots

~Field,plotc) Non w~ighing Iysimeter

d) Weig,hing Iysimeter

~~ For a small watershed, the, runoff is f9.ul}~JQ, J

be. l i l ') .~., c : \ ( I ¥ . r~.I~t.t~s;l;Witb~~!H~(both. in 1 J 1 J J ; l ) ' ) &""""with 3"slope o~~~nc:ran intercept < ! : : . 1 .Qv '

. For this waterst1ed to produce run8ff.~tht

~~~~mJ l ~ f)«(;~I:l-~v

Bmm

6mm4mm'

a)b)

c)d)

109. Saline landS'"are mostly foundjnJbe_,r.egionwhich are ----,~" .. .. . ,

a) Temperate~ Arid and semf-arld

; ; P ' _ ) L)nirrigated,d) Humid

110. In ground water recharge through a

~~!!J!l~Lr~fb!llJge.,r.ateJ)"'" Decreases with time... b) Increases with time

c) Remains constantd) Fluctuates around a mean

111. Centrifugal pumps are used when suctionlift is .

._arLess than 9 m

b) Equal to 15 mc) Equal to 20 md) Greater than 20 m

112, An average discharge of a pump . ? - 1 0 ~ m { e Sper minute irrigates 1 9 . Q . . r D ? < J . Q Q m wheat

1 0 l}~,crop in ~days and 2nours, then what is ther z . . . , l ' average depth of irrigation?1 0 .

a) 0.030m ~

~ j g : g : ~ ~ ! _ ? 1 . - ~ ~ -.- . , ~ ~ ~ l ~ Z :~ 0.069 m 1 ) f y . J K» y0 . .

p _ O . J P. , , < 2 . " . ;

'1-.00.0



.-,. :..

Subject: PhD - Water Science and Te¥rlo(ogy:'::'~20iC"" 9

113. Water year in India starts from the first dayof

a) Januaryb) March

~ April......a) June

114. The horizontal distance between the centerof the pumping well and 'the point o(zero

, ,draw down is ' /

.£'! Radiu~ of h,fluehce __ ._,,-~9 , ) E:ffectlve length' ,

¥~enQthof aquiferd,)/ Diameter of influence

!~~he hydraulic gradir:mt line indicates the" variation of .,.-~(~'.-""-,<,

a) .Veloclty head in the flow directionb) Piezometric head in the flow direction,c) Total energy head in the flow directiond) " Elevation head in the flow direction

116. A 1~~"gr.airla9~~~,~J1"§ljY_9.t?,nap:~?l.!ncji.9.ales,~ High permeability_ofJhe_terrain .; b g . X :.b) L,owpermeability of the terrain N ' 1 " . .~) Dense network of streams~), Number of First order streams are more

~ caQa! is _§~ng.yvi,~~,,!l':l,~VElr~9.~surfaQ~,width of 15 m. rf (:.I.~ss,A,.p'~nevaporation is 0.5 e m - f a , voluille of, waterevaporated in a mo'nth cif 30 days in m

aIS

a) 1,75,000 ~/?..

b) 1,26,000 5 'b X\1;)9>)<\5':)1 (J, 5((.\(l?<J>

.flY 18,000 I. '~ ;X \ ' 2 . . Y . \$d) 12,600 ~ \ 2 , o .J,

118. What size of electric motor is required forpumping 300 Llmin against a head of 50 m,assuming a pump efficiency of 65%?

._a)'" 7.5 hp p.-~ $.0 '2"b) 5 hp ~J! ..- > < - - - - -c) 3 hp h"P ~ )<. ~

d ) 2 hp ) : : " _ , , ) < 1 c ,»j,"J,6 3

119. Th.ecQ_(1~C:Elptsed to .ElYaJyatethe.sprinklerirrigation system I S '

a) Uniform intensity

~ .... U~iformity coefficientc) Coefficient of variation V L

d) Uniformity index

120. HY91C!!,llig,CiUyhe ~9.~tc::::_~f'fici~ntrrig!iltionchannel section is

_ a } " " " Semi-circularb) Trapezoidalc) Rectangulard) Elliptisal

~~n u,nco~fined aquifer of p_orosity3 _ Q _ % ~ 9 _ n ¥

specific Yleld_QJ..5,~hasan .areaQtJQQ..kw .The water, table faUs byO_._?'Q_)rLduringdrought. The volume' of water lost from

storage in M m3is " ~ "

a) 3.0 , lI 'L ,< : \ l o { _ , .e : ' " , n

b) 4.25,_,':."._ r. ~if'i) '7' \ o~-I 0,' l/'"

c) 7.0 'd) ,10.5

122. The,col'lJmonIYI1§~~LraQiQ.(wti,Y~,SQtQpeis,groundwater development is

a) Uranium'b) Thorium

> . I t ! ( Tritiumd)' Germanium

123. Rising limb of hydrograph is dependent ona) Storm and basin characteristics

~) Storm characteristics only~Basjn characteristics only

( G d ) Land use characteristics only

124. AU watershed development works shouldstart from

a) Lower reaches of the watershedb) rviiddl~reaches of the watershed~ Upper reaches of the watershedd) From anywhere in the watershed

125. Which of the foUowing..51~,§ignsYQu,would

adopt for an ~~~r!m~!l,LwltQ",,$OU",salinity~~ levels as main Treatment and drip irrigatione amount levels as sub treatment?a) Completely randomized design~ Randomized block designc) Factorial randomized block design

d) Split plot design

@orassessment of soil mq!~~~r_EUnlaKiQgp, rabi sowing in a dr.YJ_~DSL_Ju!'.~f I.arge

extent, which of flie following remotesensing:data you would use?-

~) Far infrared (FIR)'.b) Near infrared (NIR)-c) Microwave~VisibJe region

~N~mber of observation wells required forstudy of ground watey~uctuation$in,a

~~~i~a~~_p,r.qJect~r~~,Q[,~~??~:~~ \) ~ 'V

20 -,~7t'': \

40100

a)b)

c)

d)



Subject: PhD,- Water Science and T~chnoiogy~ 2011

128. In rational method for comeutin~. the peakrate of runoff of w~tersfieds',-lfie ' f~cfoF' ' I 'implies the' (, , '

a) Intensity of rainfall for 30 min duration

b) Intensity of rainfall for 1 hour duration

' - " * ' Intensity of rainfall for the duration equal to

the time of concentration

d) Intensity of rainfall for the duration equal to 'half the t ime of concentrat ion

,0129. A droug~!..-,e.vent"9r.Q~Yf$].'When.tt1~,,~M~!19p.r.d

( a) ~~~~\fR§gJ~l~e~~~Jve and re~ches a

value of M 1

b) Reaches a value of zero

c) is continuously positive and reaches a value '

of+1

d) is continuously negative and reaches a

value of -0.5

130. For conducting a drip irrigation experiment

with siO,y~lq."oLlr,rigation, .mipimYDlhQwmany rep'lIcations have to be taken-up for

successfuJ)~pti$tica Id e5 i9n12 (~~)3 : \ ~ .

4

5

a)

b}

c)

d)

Matching type questions (No. 131to 140);

all questions carry equal marks. Choose

the correct answer (a, b, c, d or e) for

each sub-question (i, ii, iii, iv and v) andenter your choice in the circle (by

shading with a pencil) on the OMR ~

answer sheet as per the instructions

given on the answer sheet.

131.

i) Groundwater dating I.

ii) Rational method 'eiii) Thiessen polygon ~

iv) Well hydraulics I J . . ,

v) Crop coefficient h

a) Ground water

movement

b} Plant growth

c) Carbon-14

d) Rainfall

e) Flood

132.

i) Hyetograph c

ii) Capillary zone e . .i ii) Field capacity G t . .

Iv) Land use/Land cover . . . bv} Duty d ;

133.

i) Infrared e .ii) Contour byndJng aiii}·Reverseost1')osis 0 \ ,iv} Aridity index b-

v). Lysimeter- C .

a} Infiltration

b) Remote sensinqc) Rainfall

d) Irrigation

e} Above water table

_8 ) Agronomical measure

b} Drought

c) Evaporation

d}-Water- quality

. .e) Surface water body

'j

10 '

134. Match the objective with the soilconservation practice

i) Contour farming .~ a}To prevent sheet and rill

erosion

ll) Strip farming e - b J To perform soil manipulation

iii) Conservation \U,!age ,c) To provide the ponding of, water

iv) Contour trenching, d) Jofjlter soil outot.ratrtwaterv) Terracing G I l . e) (To heldwater and prevent

runoff.

~"tJ-135. t . . .

~r A well completed .io_a.

_- " UI;ponfibed aqulter indicate

ji) A well'extended to conti,ned b) Water tableaquiter i na lca t~~ - -~ -~ "" "

. . .m) A real wate,r",~xistence levIilJ-C,",J.,y-Phreatic surface

~A~ imaginary/press~re Ilre "" d) \/Ifeilloss .~Dlfference between In the well ~)'Plezometnc

, and outside the weI! c \ surface.

a) Piezometer

136_i) Coshuton ~~~~Ls.jl t; !:?§mRl,~r4 a) Hydraul ic jump

ii) Drop structure e b) Surface drainage

iii) Mole plough e, c} Sub-surface

drainage

d) H·flume

e) Apron

iv) Chute structure C \

v) Bedding' b'

137.i) Leakage factor ei i) Hydraulic resistance C .iii) Discharge c \iv ) Water diffusivity .bv} Infiltration '\

a) L ITb) L2rr

c) Ld) L31T

e) T

138. ·'_",,----.,.i) Da rc y's e qu at io n e . a)Con,~~_D:'at,i~~,IJ.!~g,§~)

i i ) Mal1ning's equation~ .bf :e,Ori'servation of energ~

iii) Continuity equatlona . t ¥ ! 'ReynOlds'S number <0.2

IV) Bernoul li 's equationla; d Y Apparent velocity of flow

v) Stokes' law ~, ~ ~- Dimensionally non-

, , homogeneous equation

139.

i) Unconfined aquifer I t ; . 91~l"lard rock area

ii) Confined aquifer C, .b) Screen well

i ii) Perched aquifer- t. e . . ~ } Piezometric surface

iv) Open well t l . d} Phreatic surface

v) Bore well ~ f o ' t False aquifer

140.

i ) Remote sensing eii) GIS C ,iii)GPS c tiv) Contour bunding hv) Graded bunding Q

a) Rainfall> 600mm

b} Rainfall < 600 mm

c) Thematic integration

d)~farming

e)~

' .



: ;: '..... "

. . '" . ' . . ' . ' . ;. ' , . / . ; : ~ . , / < . ~ ':: ~ : ~ ; ~ ~ ~ ' ; ;· ' : '1 ~ ; · > ~ ; ; ' . I: ~ ~ ; . : · > ! i ) .~ ~ ! : : ~ ; ~ . ~ . , . ~ : ...

Subject : PhI)...;Water Science and Techliology~201l 11

Short q~estion$(No"141 . t o 146); each qu~stion c~r~iesFIVr::marks. Write answers,including computation I mathematical calculations if any, in the space R"0_yidedoreach question on the "question paper itself. '/

.. 1~1- Describe how global warming is affecting the' environment?

\

142~ Determine Irrlgatton time of a check basin'With 12 m x 50 m size which is iitigatea W.ltn a ~1Ie'Cl.1I1

size of 25 Ips to achieve an irri~ation depth of 8 e m at the tail end of the basin in a soil withcumulative infiltration of Y=1.1 t o . 5, where Y is the depth of infiltration in centimeters and t is theelapsed time in minutes. The advance function of the waterfront for the given stream size is

represented by 1=7 .5 t o .6, where I is t h . ~ ~dv~l]ce length in metres andt, isJh~time of advance in

minutes. 12.\9'; ..~::; . . Q J I J. ,.j- ~ ~ ~~ ~~--~



Subject :PbD - Water Science and T~~bn(Jlogy-2(nl12

143. Define sodium-adsorption ratio (SAR) and discuss in brief, thec1assification of water based on this.

'" ..I-

144.,,oiscuss in brief, 'warabandi' in a canal command areas for water allocation.



.,

13

·145. What is conluncnve Use of water for irrigation'? Why is conjunctive water use advocated for adoptionin canal command areas?· .. '.

146. Convert Pp_i~~uil1e's.lawor c . ~ p m C 3 r . ¥ . ! l ( ) 1 I J int()_Darcy law.. _ ..,' .. ... " _- ' .. - , .._ --

water science & tech

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