Introduction.Attributes of Water. Need to apply to water supply.How water supply system should be done.Design Period & Factor on which design period depends.Population Forcasting & Method of forcasting.Water Demand & Variation in water demand.Per capita demand.

prepared by: Masud Alam Ansari

Water supply & waste water Engineering

Introduction- It deals with the study of supply of water in various Sector for various purposes.

Attributes of Water - Asthetic - Safety - Economical

Some chemical that is harmful for our body Arsenic – Cancer Flouride – Reduction of calcium Nitrate – Blue baby syndrome Mercury – Instant Death

Why do we need to apply water supply ?- So, consumer can use pure water for various purposes like cooking, bathing, fire fighting, in industries etc.

How water supply system should be done ?

- Should have permanent water resources.- Uniform Distribution of water.- Treatment procedure should be superior.- Maintenance should be very good .

Design Period - The time period or the number of year for which the component of water supply system can serve satisfactory.

Factor on which design period depends .- Useful life of material.- Population.- Cost involved.- Expansion of town or area.

What is population forcasting ?- Prediction of increase in population in future. It is depend upon birth, death and migration rate.

Method of population forcasting .i . Arithmetic increase method Suitability- Developed City. Advantage – Calculation is easy. Disadvantage – cannot applied for developing .

ii. Geometric Increase method Suitability/ Advantage – Applied for newly immersed city & short duration of time. Disadvantage – cannot used for forcasting of long term.

iii. Increasemental increase method . - It is also called ideal method because it gives the moderate value when compare with the two method. Suitability – Both developed and developing city.

What is water demand ? - Total volume of Water required by a population in a particular area for a definite

period of time. It is depend upon per capita demand and total popn on the area.

Variation in water demand . -Seasonal Variation . -Daily Variation . -Hourly Variation.

What is per capita demand ? - The requirement of water by 1 person for various purposes i.e. domestic uses, commercial etc. for 1 day .

Factor on which per capita demand depend .i. Climate condition ii. Habit of individualiii. Industries iv. Pressure distribution systemv. Method of charging vi. Sanitation facilityvii. Supply system viii.Quality of water

i. Mechanical Straining ii. Sedimentation and

flocculationiii. Biological metabolism iv. Electrolytic action

Filtration Process