watershed restoration through green infrastructure based ...€¦ · watershed restoration through...
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District 6-0
Watershed Restoration Through Green Infrastructure
Based ImprovementsThomas A. Graupensperger
Acknowledgements:Michael Baker Corporation
Jacobs EngineeringGTS Technologies
Sustainable/Green/Regenerative Definitions
• Degradation: Damages to the environment, an impairment or loss in environmental
service or resource value.
• Restoration: Returning the environment to an earlier state of improved resource value.
• Sustainable / Green: A sense of a healthy, protected environment in the pursuit of
economic well-being, human health and prosperity and environmental quality in a manner
that balances the needs of the present with those of future generations. (PSU – Strategic
Sustainable Council)
• Regenerative Development: Improves the environment and continues to do so
over time. This means creating more natural resource value than is used in developing a
system and that which continuously heals itself. We apply this to the overall health of
communities as well as to the environment.
• Green Growth: Fostering economic growth and development while ensuring that
natural assets continue to provide the resources and environmental services on which our
well-being relies. (World Water Council)
• Now: - Highways and transportation- Energy infrastructure- Green infrastructure
(watershed/stormwater)- Technology and telecom (broadband)
capabilities- Emergency and crisis planning- Climate change- Water/wastewater- Sustainability/walk-ability/live-ability- Heavier emphasis on economic plans to
support above- Capital infrastructure in concert with the
above
• Formerly: land use, some capital development, economic
development and major CIP (transportation improvements)
Integrated/Comprehensive Planning
Green Roads (www.greenroads.us)
• Minimum requirements to qualify as a green roadway- Noise mitigation plan- Stormwater management plan- Waste management plan
• Additional points for voluntary actions such as:- Minimizing light pollution- Using recycled materials- Incorporating quiet pavement- Accommodating non-motorized
transportation
LEED and Green Highways3Rs – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle• Purchasing recycled
materials- Pavement mixtures (consisting of
blast furnace slag or coal fly ash and Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP))
- Guiderail posts and blocks- Compost (silt socks)- Gypsum wall board (soil amend)
• Generated and processed on-site- Broken concrete (weirs)- Ground asphalt- Wood chips (mulch/E&S/root wads)- Excavated soils (minimally
contaminated/balanced earthwork)
Green Standards
• Guidelines to reduce the environmental impacts (carbon footprint, wetlands disturbance, stormwater runoff) and improve quality of life in communities affected by infrastructure re-construction
above: NYC’s High Performance Infrastructure Guidelines
Green Infrastructure Reconnections:
• Pavement
• Stormwater
• Streetscape
• Landscape
Green/Sustainable (Site) BMP Strategies
Protect Resources Site Assessment and Resource
InventoryMaintain /Restore pre-development hydrologic conditions
Conservation and Minimization: Limit Disturbance, Impervious
Pollution Prevention: E&S Control; SWM Quantity, Quality
Enhance Design Encourage energy efficiency
through well designed site features Smart Material Selection Explore innovative alternatives Create design synergies
buffer
inflow
pretreatment basin
spillway
bypass to other IMP
berm parking lot drains to catch
basin
catch basin
plunge pool
buffer
inflow
pretreatment basin
spillway
bypass to other IMP
berm parking lot drains to catch
basin
catch basin
plunge pool
forest provides bioretention functions
grassed channel receives overflow
rooftop and yard drainage flows
towards bioretention facilities
bioretention facility
bioretention facility
Quantity Control Rate=
Detention/Retention Volume= Infiltration or
Reuse
Quality Control Filtration Sedimentation
Integrated Management Practices (IMPs) encourage infiltration interact with other site
systems and runoff sources
buffer strip
observation well
berm
clean stone
pea gravel layer
sand layer
exfiltration
geotextile
geotextile
buffer strip
observation well
berm
clean stone
pea gravel layer
sand layer
exfiltration
geotextile
geotextile
filter strip planting medium
native species
spillway to grassed channel
Green/LID Stormwater (BMPs)
PROJECT:S.R. 0202, Section 300East Whiteland TownshipTredyffrin TownshipChester County, PA
Watershed:Valley Creek and Little Valley Creek – High Quality Exceptional Value Waters
Location:US 30 (Exton Bypass) toHowellville/SwedesfordRoad
Project Location: Chester County
Holistic Watershed/Green Transportation• Integrated Approach (Gatekeepers/Stakeholders)
– Transportation– Land Use– Watershed (Water Resources)
Transportation Land Use WatershedProject Development MPO / TIP Act 167 Basinwide PlanningProject Needs / Plans (CIP) Comprehensive Land Use
PlanBasinwide Stormwater Management
Joint NEPA / 404 / NPDES‐ Environmental Clearance‐ Context Sensitive Design‐ BMPs / Mitigation
Local Criteria Watershed Restoration / Management Plan
Permits: DEP / ACOE (105/404) JPA102 E&S / NPDES
Local Approvals‐ Stormwater‐ Floodplains
Riparian Buffer PlanImpaired Reaches
Public Involvement Recreation & Parks Coordination
Valley Creek Coalition and TU Chapter
Historic Development
Paoli
1946
1995Paoli
Malvern
Malvern
Transportation Improvement Needs
• Existing and future projected traffic congestion
• Maintain safe operating conditions
• Portions of the roadway and some ramps operating at
Levels of Services (LOS) F
• Average speed during morning peak – 29 mph on posted
55 mph freeway
• 1999 ADT – 68,100; projected 2025 ADT – 116,600
Project Summary
• Inside widening of 6.7 miles of
four-lane to six-lane
• Addition of a 2 mile two-lane
Collector-Distributor Road in
• Reconstruction of:
– 12 structures (one over
Valley Creek)
• Stormwater detention facilities
– 16 basins with water quality
– 27 water quality treatment sites to address watershed
needs
Green Roads/Infrastructure Summary
• Stormwater mitigation (rate/volume 8 acre/ft.)
• Wetland/stream mitigation (0.6 acre/1900 LF)
• Water quality enhancement (sediment/nutrients/toxicants)
• Congestion Management
– Two offsite intersection improvements
– Park and Ride facilities (2 locations)
• Noise barrier construction – 26 barriers totaling 40,600
linear feet
Key Stakeholder/Watershed Meetings• Regulatory Agencies
– USACE
– USFWS
– PADEP
– PAFBC
• National Park Services – Valley Forge Park
• Chester County and Conservation District
• Valley Creek Coalition
• Tredyffrin/East Whiteland Townships
• Trout Unlimited – Great Valley Chapter
Water Quality Treatment Train
Green Infrastructure Approach
• Best Management Practices BMPs
– Pavement Sweeping / Inlet Vacuuming
• Water Quality Inlets / MTDs at Direct Outfalls
• Vegetated Swales / Grass Filter Strips
• Vegetated Rock Filters at Inlet Headwalls
• In-Basin Vegetation / Rock Filters
• Vegetated Outfalls with Rock Filters
Water Quality Credits
• Volume Mitigation– Infiltration Trenches / Swales– Retentive Berms – Bio-retention
• Infiltrative• Facultative• Wetland Treatment
• Water Quality Mitigation– Stream Channel Restoration – Floodplain Reconnection– Floodplain Wetlands– Upland Reforestation (Cover Modification)– Riparian Buffer Restoration
Green Infrastructure/LID BMPs• Berm Retention Infiltration Sites:
– M-27, M-19, M-5
• Water Quality BMPs Including:
– Cut Slope Bioretention Drain
– Permanent Rock Filters (Wet and Dry)
– Water Quality Inlet
– Wetland Treatment
– Riparian Buffer
• Total Mitigation Requirement (acre-feet): 7.86
• Total Runoff Infiltration (acre-feet): 15.31
Water Quality InletsBest Management PracticesSpecific measures to mitigate for increased runoff volume in areas outside of publicwater supply well recharge zones include:
– Modifying conventional stormwater management structure to include infiltration features suchas, infiltration trenches, wells, or basins; water quality inlets; and bioretention or bermedvegetated facilities, to provide for increased infiltration.
– Design vegetated swales and bermed facilities to convey the 10-year storm, store the 2-yearstorm and vegetate for overland runoff treatment.
– Add permanent rock filters to promote additional sediment retention in grass-lined swales,promote infiltration and slow runoff velocities to more closely mimic natural times ofconcentration.
Bioretention AreasBest Management Practices
Bioretention area adjacent to Cedar Hollow Road. Drawing of typical bioretention design.
Bioretention berm.
Rock FiltersBest Management Practices
After Re-vegetation
Before Re-vegetation
S.R. 441, Section 005Over Spring CreekDauphin County, PA
Rock Filter Ring
Wetland TreatmentBest Management Practices
Wetland treatment design Example of wetland treatment
system concept plan
Planting of wetland treatment site Completed treatment wetland
Site M27: Retentive Berm/Infiltration
Site M19B: Retentive Berm/Infiltration
Mitigation Site 1: Stormwater BioretentionInfiltration & Wetland Treatment
Stormwater Mitigation
Mitigation Site 1
Mitigation Site 5: Riparian Buffer/ Stormwater Infiltration
Stormwater Mitigation
Mitigation Site 5:Detention Basin
Mitigation Site 5: Stream Stabilization
Stormwater Mitigation
Mitigation Site 5
84 Lumber Site: Stream Stabilization
Wetland Mitigation
84 Lumber Site: Wetland MitigationWetland A
Wetland B
Floodplain Restoration/Reconnection•84 Lumber •Ecology Park•Mill Lane
84 Lumber Site: Stream Stabilization
Regenerative Development
Valley Creek/Mill Lane Tributary
Mill Lane: Tributary Stabilization
Mill Lane: Tributary Stabilization
Ecology Park: Stream Stabilization
Ecology Park: Stream StabilizationStage 1
Ecology Park: Stream StabilizationStage 2
Ecology Park: Stream StabilizationStage 3
Ecology Park: Stream StabilizationStage 4
Ecology Park: Stream StabilizationStage 5
Ecology Park: Stream Stabilization
Ecology Park: Stream Stabilization
