Jay Huang December 2015

LTE In-building Deployment Case Study- for iBwave Seminar Taipei Section

Outline• Why indoor coverage is essential for LTE deployment?• 3 cases study for LTE in-building deployment • Wave-In SDAS solution highlight• How to choose cost-effective solution for for your indoor

environment? • Benefit of using iBwave for in-building solution deployment

Why Indoor Coverage is Essential for LTE Deployment?

Analysis report indicates …indoor dominate data usage

• Analysis report indicated more than 80 percent of data happened at indoor environment.

In-building service become key differentiate point for LTE operator

 32­35pt G0 B0 e Font : edium ers and rtners : Arial 

20­22pt vel 2­5: 18pt r:Black e Font : edium ers and rtners : Arial 

Unbalanced Network Load Drives Small Cell Need HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 4 

Unbalanced load needs accurate deployment Macro over­densified area Downtown Street 

Tokyo Area 

Outdoor Indoor Shopping Mall 

Indoor Outdoor 

Voice Service 

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20­22pt vel 2­5: 18pt r:Black e Font : edium ers and rtners : Arial 

Unbalanced Network Load Drives Small Cell Need HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 4 

Unbalanced load needs accurate deployment Macro over­densified area Downtown Street 

Tokyo Area 

Outdoor Indoor Shopping Mall 

Indoor Outdoor 

Voice Service 

Video dominates mobile data service

20192010 20132011 2012 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Mobile data traffic by application type (monthly ExaBytes)

20

18

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

File sharing

Video

Audio

Web browsing

Social networking

Software download and update

Other encrypted

Other

Segment

2 Source: Ericsson Consumer Lab (2013)

13xgrowth in mobile video traffic between 2013 and 2019

Two key environment for video APP: Transportation

and in-building venue

Is your indoor meet video APP requirement?

How to resolve the challenge for LTE in-building design? How to enlarge the video

APP coverage (16QAM+64QAM) +MIMO to satisfy customer need?

QPSK

16QAM 64QAM

3 Case Study for LTE In-building Deployment

Indoor Opportunities

Case study today

Case 1: Cipinang Indah Mall Indonesia• iBwave Simulation assumption

• Coverage Scale : CIPINANG Indah Mall LG floor, 150m x 110m, total 16500m^2.

• In-building design:• Passive SISO is designed by SI (Winet); Passive MIMO is simulated by Wave-In• Active MIMO is designed by Wave-In (1.8GHz & 2.3GHz)

• Note that simulation result might have offset due to limited interior material info. ; however, the results are good enough for performance comparison.

Indoor Design Architecture

RF

LGFloor

Passive DAS System architecture (SISO)- Enable MIMO support, need to double cabling & antenna

Active Slim DAS System architecture (MIMO support)

fiber

Simulation ResultPassiveDAS–Avg.RSRP-81.6dBm ActiveSlimDASLTEFDD1.8Ghz

–Avg.RSRP-78.5dBm

RSRPsimulationresult–LTETDD-2.3GHzActiveS-DAS–Avg.RSRP-82.4dBm

RSRPsimulationresult–LTETDD-2.3GHzActiveS-DAS–Avg.RSRP-80.9dBm

HEU Installation

RF cable connect to Hauwei RRH

Wave-In HEU

Terminator 20dB coupler

RF cable to HEU

HEU connect to Hauwei RRH through 20 dB coupler because this trial is temporary site; RRH output is 43dBm (20W) but Wave-In HEU input signal spec. can up to 30dBm;

Suggest adjust RRH output to 25-30dBm for permanent install and direct connect to HEU to avoid 20dB link budget loss on DL/UL for higher performance (affect SINR)

RAU Installation

SDAS Status Web GUI

UL gain set 6dB to compensate 20dB coupler loss

Clean fiber connect reduce fiber loss

RAU output adjust from 20 to 21; UL gain 6 dB

Baseline Test : Passive DAS• Test date: Oct 19 PM 11:00 - 12:00 (No traffic condition)• Test Environment: CIPINANG INDAH MALL• Test Equipment: Samsung J5 + Speed test APP + G-Track APP• Test Point: As above figure shown

Oct 19 2015 Speed test plus Q-track (Passive baseline 9:30 - 10:30

DL Tput Mbps UL Tput Mbps PING ms RSRP SINR RSRQ

P1 52.87 9.85 17 -68 28.6 -7

P2 12.98 5.98 16 -86 6 -11

P3 25.95 9.12 14 -82 7 -9

P4 22.09 8.97 19 -78 20.6 -8

P5 28.22 9.51 17 -80 18.4 -7

P6 40.78 9.26 18 -80 22 -7

P7 46.16 9.37 16 -77 19.4 -7

P8 42.75 5.81 14 -80 21.8 -7

P9 52.86 9.17 14 -80 24.4 -7

P10 51.37 7.89 16 -85 23.2 -7

P11 39.84 6.04 15 -88 15.8 -7

P12 27.17 6.39 16 -87 13.6 -7

P13 27.76 7.13 18 -87 14 -9

P14 49.54 9.45 18 -83 19 -7

P15 52.95 9.61 15 -71 30 -7

P18 52.87 9.25 14 -75 30 -6

P19 52.78 8.87 14 -77 30 -6

Average 39.94 8.33 15.94 -80.24 20.22 -7.41

Wave-In SDAS Performance Test

No Carrefour area test data due to site access issue in the midnightBecause of MIMO, SDAS DL performance ~ 60Mbps compared to passive SISO ~39Mbps

UL performance degradation because of 20dB link budget loss for coupler.

Oct 21 2015 Speed test plus Q-track (Wave-In + external antenna + PA adjustment ) 11 pm

DL Tput Mbps UL Tput Mbps PING ms RSRP SINR RSRQ Comment

P1 72.6 4.51 18 -77 17 -7

P2 33.66 6.97 17 -79 17.2 -8

P3 30.2 5.94 16 -76 8 -8

P4 30.69 5.98 18 -80 12.7 -7

P5 38.55 6.04 15 -79 13.8 -8

P6 48.18 6.02 19 -73 15.1 -7

P7 61.65 4.7 18 -74 19 -6

P8 67.26 6.28 16 -77 17.2 -7

P9 74.23 6.5 19 -68 20.6 -7

P10 78.26 5.9 21 -75 18.4 -7

P11 76.64 8.21 18 -76 21 -7

P12 80.38 8.43 17 -71 24.8 -6

P13 78.33 6.19 18 -77 19 -6

P14 75.35 8.89 17 -67 22 -7

Average 60.43 6.47 17.64 -74.93 17.56 -7.00

RAU Installation Inside Carrefour • Install two RAU inside Carrefour as figure shown.

Antenna

Antenna

RAU

Test Result Under 2 Carrefour Antenna

Antenna 1: P22Test on Oct 25 2015 AM

Antenna 2: P16 Test on Oct 25 2015 AM

Simulation vs Actual MeasurementRSRPsimulationresult–LTETDD-2.3GHzActiveS-DAS–Avg.RSRP-80.9dBm

RSRPActualMeasurement–LTETDD-2.3GHzActiveS-DAS–Avg.RSRP-78.17dBm

Cross check between simulation vs actual measurement indicated our simulation result approach 90% of accuracy within 3dB

In addition, our SDAS performance outperform simulation tool expectation which is the indication of high quality active DAS system

Comparison for Passive & Active DASTraditional Passive SISO DAS Wave-In S-DAS

Schedule M day 1/2 M day (estimated by project team)

Construction plus material cost N <N (estimated by BOM study)

Supported BTS Macro Macro/pico/femto

Performance

SISO only; Voice oriented designDegrade gradually in upper floor

Data oriented design (MIMO)>1.5 times performance ratio compare

with passive SISO DAS

FeaturesE2E monitoring

Environment sensingAuto-optics/RF calibration

Case 2: Retail Store Enable CA • CarrierAggregationisakeyfeatureforiPhone6Sandotherhigh-endsmart

phone.• InsteadofallocatetwoRRH(700MHz+1800MHz)intoretailstoretoenable

CAfeature;usingSDASsolutionconnectoutdoorsitenearbyisacosteffectivesolution.

Lab test indicated that SDAS can help carrier enable CA with cost effective way (20Mbps

+15Mbps)

Site Configuration

LTE-700M

RAU700M

LTE-1.8G

OutdoorAntenna

1:20directionalcoupler

FET Tainan Retail

HEUFD1.8GHEUFD700M

RAU1.8G

Use SDAS RAU as a PA to push passive DAS designHEULocated with outdoor RRH

1/2inchcoaxialcableFiber

Site Installation - HEU

FET L700 RRH

1:20 coupler

FET L1800 RRH

Wave-In 700 & 1800 HEU

Site Installation - RAUFiber out to RAU1800MHz

Fiber out to RAU 700Mhz

Disconnect L1800 RRH

Disconnect L700 RRH

Wave-In1800RAU Wave-In

700RAU

Passive Antenna Combiner

Wave-In SDAS Web GUI 700MHz

Fiber loss 0.8 dB

BTS input 25dBm after 20 dB coupler (TX~ 46dBm)

RAU TX 21 dBm

Trial Test Result (700MHz/1800MHz)

b.Retail store

a.Office

RAU installation area

10MHz+10MHz CA spectrum means spectrum efficiency ~ 5 bps/Hz; Test results showed SDAS can enable DL/UL CA in operator retail store to provide cost-effective solution

• SDAS is a good solution for HSR station, tunnel and MRT underground coverage.

Case 3: HSR Coverage

• Design Criteria: • BBU and RRH located in Building 1, use Wave-In SDAS to extend

LTE signal into train tunnel.• Need to carry FET and CHT 1800MHz LTE signal• RAU need outdoor type

HSR Taoyuan Station Coverage

BBU, RRU and Wave-In HEU

Underground tunnel

FiberWave-In RAU

• Coverage area from TK041+900 ~ TK044+340 • About 2km 440 tunnel use 5 RAU to cover • Need to consider train speed for no stop (~200Km/Hr) and stop service.• KPI: 95% RSRP>95dBm; peak data rate spectrum efficiency >3.5

HSR Taoyuan Station Coverage

TK041+280 TK045+249TK042+285

Taiyuan HSR Station

8.桃園車站隧道&引道 892 & 2269 TK041+172~042+064 &TK042+506~044+775

:3.6km

N S

TK045+249Handoverregion

TK043+500

TK043+000

TK042+100

TK041+900

B202

B236

1

2

3

5

TK044+340

4

• For performance consideration, assume non stop train speed >200Km/Hr, Wave-In design 1HEU to 2RAU in this case for better link budget margin.

• Even though, Wave-In SDAS can relay two operator signal using one set of equipment, due to operator consideration on equipment property right, Wave-In design a system diagram as following:

HSR Taoyuan Station SDAS Design

HEU#1

HEU#2

HEU#4

HEU#5

OMC

CHTBBU+RRH

FETBBU+RRH

2

1

3

5 4

FETCHT

10m 3m3m

FETCHT

10m 3m3m

FETCHT

10m 3m3m

FETCHT

10m 3m3m

FETCHT

10m 3m3m

N S

HEU#3

HEU#6

Wave-In HEU Installation

FET 1800MHz RRHCHT 1800MHz RRH

Wave-In HEU for FET Wave-In HEU for CHT

Wave-In RAU & Antenna Installation

Wave-In outdoor type HEU for FETWave-In HEU for CHT

Antenna for CHT Antenna for FET

Wave-In SDAS Web GUI

large fiber loss 2.7dB ==> need to revisit the site

RAU output power 21 dBm

Performance Snapshot (FET)

TK043+500

TK043+000

TK042+100

TK041+900

B202

B236

1

2

3

5

TK044+340

4

　P1-TK041+900

P2-東正線北側逃生梯

口(B202前)P3-TK043+000直達

車道旁P4-TK044+230 P5-TK043+300

DL UL DL UL DL UL DL UL DL ULRSSI -53.9 -52.9 -44.1 -46.7 -43.5 -42.8 -44 -47.8 -50 -48.5RSRP -82.6 -77.5 -73.9 -70.4 -73.2 -66.5 -74 -71.5 -78.3 -72.4RSRQ -11.7 -7.7 -12.8 -6.73 -12.6 -6.74 -12 -6.75 -11.4 -7DLT-put 32.9 　 41.6 　 48.7 　 57.1 　 44 　

ULT-put 　 18.4 　 21.5 　 17.3 　 18.7 　 18.4

P1

P2

P3

P4P5

Speed test result and optimization under process

Wave-In Comm. Slim DAS Solution

FDD Slim DAS Spec. (Indoor) HEU (Head End Unit)

Dimensions (L x W x H mm ) (218 x 160 x 42 )

Operating Temp Range 0oC to +45oC

Power Input POE:48V/1A max.

RF Input Interface N Type Female x 2

RF Input Power 10~32dBm

Input Return Loss Min. 14dB

Optical Interface SC/APC x 2

No. RAUs/ Link Max. 3

RAU (Remote Antenna Unit)

Dimensions (L x W x H mm ) (230 x 142.x 80)

Operating Temp Range 0oC to +45oC

Power Input POE: 48V/1A max

Optical Interface SC/APC x 2

External Antenna (Optional) SMA Female x 2

RF Return Loss 10dB typical

Downlink Output Power (MIMO) ~ 21 dBm (64QAM ;3%<EVM)

Antenna Gain (option) 4 dBi

FDD Slim DAS Spec. (Outdoor) HEU (Head End Unit)

Dimensions (L x W x H mm ) (218 x 160 x 42)

Operating Temp Range 0oC to +45oC

Power Input POE:48V/1A max.

RF Input Interface N Type Female x 2

RF Input Power 10~32dBm

Input Return Loss Min. 14dB

Optical Interface SC/APC x 2

No. RAUs/ Link Max. 3

RAU (Remote Antenna Unit)

Dimensions (L x W x H mm ) (240 x 240 x 7)

Operating Temp Range 0oC to +55oC

Power Input POE: 48V/1A max

Optical Interface LC/APC x 1

External Antenna SMA Female x 2

RF Return Loss 10dB typical

Downlink Output Power (MIMO) ~ 23 dBm (64QAM ;3%<EVM)

Antenna gain (optional) 12 dBi

Slim DAS System Configuration

Source/Technology Independent • Source vendor independent.• Technology Independent: For example Band 3 DAS support

LTE & GSM; Band 1 DAS support WCDMA & LTE. • Macro/Pico/Femto dynamic input range support (10dBm

~30dBm). • Output power adjustable and end node extension support.

Single Fiber for MIMO • Different than other active DAS, we design single fiber to

support MIMO and DL/UL both on FDD and TDD model.• In old building like below, pipe are small and lack of space,

you can use 1/2” pipe to deploy Wave-In Solution

Daisy & Hybrid Topology • Daisy and hybrid topology give you the most flexible

configuration compare the other star topology active DAS.

Layout change

Auto-Optics/RF Calibration • Auto-Optics/RF calibration feature fine tune fiber and RF link

budget to facilitate fiber lose check when initial setting or configuration change.

• Easy for initial setting, re-configuration and monitoring; note that during auto-calibration process, the system also detect and report fiber loss value.

Auto Calibration Process

Environment Sensing • UL band environment sensing help in-band and adjacent-band

NI scan to guarantee end user QoE. • Periodic or by commend reporting.

Co-channel

Adjacent channel

Jamming

Background noise

Single Band Multi Carrier Support • Co-Construction capability:

• Wave-In DAS system can support up to 4 multi-carrier simultaneously.

• Note that RAU TX power will evenly split; for example 3 operator each operator RAU TX become 23dBm -4.7dB ~18.3dBm (64QAM MIMO <3% EVM).

Wave-In SDAS Solution Key Differentiated Point

1. Single fiber support for MIMO. 2. Daisy chain & hybrid topology for deployment flexibility. 3. Auto-Optics/RF calibration for easy installation (A). 4. Environment sensing for troubleshooting and monitoring (B). 5. Single-band multi-operator support for co-construction (C).

!

!

!

A B C

NCC TA

How to choose cost-effective solution for your indoor

environment?

LTE Possible In-building Solution

Small cell for Indoor

Backhaul,InterferenceandHENETintegrationissues

ExpensiveOPEXintermsofbackhaulandHENETintegration

Repeater for Indoor PoorperformanceoninterferenceandMIMOsupportissues

Passive Distributed

Antenna System DAS

Performancedependsoncabling(EspeciallyUL)

PoorperformanceonMIMOsupportissues

Noactivemonitorsystem

ActiveE2Emonitorsystemsupport

EvenlydistributedperformanceandoptimizedforMIMO

Active Distributed

Antenna System DAS

CostEffectiveOPEX&CAPEX

Active DAS solution play an important role for LTE in building deployment

Vendor BBU+RRU+DAS RFoverCAT5/6limitdistanceandMIMOperformance

ExpensiveOPEXandCAPEX

Vendor&technologydependenttechnology

Indoor Deployment Consideration for LTE

Solution

WiFi

Capacity?

Coverage?

Capacity+ Coverage?

Small Cell

RRH+DAS

Repeater

DAS

Multi-system?

Yes

No

Multi-hole?

1:1

1:M

Small Cell+DAS

Business District

ResidentialArea

Radio DOT

Indoor Deployment ConsiderationSmall cell? Passive DAS? Active DAS?

Small Cells and Distributed Antenna SystemsALCATEL-LUCENT WHITE PAPER

7

The following table provides a guide as to technology fit and use.

Table 2. Guide to DAS and small cells fit

SMALL TO MEDIUM FLOOR BUILDING (RESTAURANT, SHOP)

LARGE SINGLE FLOOR BUILDING (FACTORY)

2-5 FLOOR BUILDING

5-10 FLOOR BUILDING

10-20 FLOOR BUILDING

OVER 20-FLOOR BUILDING

AIRPORT, SHOPPING MALLS

Indoor small cell 1 1 to 2 2 to 4 per floor depending on storey size, morphology and capacity

Node B with DAS Not cost effective

Not cost effective

1 Sector 1-2 Sectors 2-4 Sectors >4 Sectors >4 Sectors

RRH with DAS Not cost effective

Not cost effective

1 RRU 1-2 RRU (*) 2-4 RRU (*) >4 RRU (*) >4 RRU (*)

RF repeater with DAS If low traffic Insufficient capacity If low traffic

DAS type Small to medium area or 1-5 floors: Passive DASLarge area and more than 5 floors: Active DAS

• By ALU small cell vs DAS white paper TOC analysis, here is the capacity & coverage guideline to choose solution.

• Single floor environment : small cell (<1000m^2)• 2-6 floor building: RRH + passive DAS (<3000 m^2)• 6-15 floor building: RRH + active DAS (<10000m^2)• >15 floor building or airport shopping mall: n* Node B + active DAS

Benefit of using iBwave • LTE indoor deployment strategy need to consider a lot of factor

• MIMO zone• APP coverage• CA coverage • …

• Plus a lot of indoor solution suitable for different environment• A planning & simulation tool like iBwave can facilitate IBS project work. • iBwave did help Wave-In on following aspects

• Support varieties of IBS solution simulation for TCO evaluation on pre-sales stage.

• Accurate design and simulation before installation. • Accurate material BOM for project preparation. • Trouble shoot tool for RF performance guidance & project acceptance.