ways of defining art/ some key theories
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Ways of Defining Art
1) Clear-cut definition- classificatory, tendency to classify things; distinguishing things that are from things that are notweakness: tendency to exclude
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2) Skepticism about the possibility of a definition; “art itself is a phenomenon that by its nature defeats attempts to define it”weakness: too vague
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3) Contextual Approach- art as a succession of stages of development realized in different historically and specific contexts; focus on art’s changing social role
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Some key theories about art
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Imitation Theory•The goal of art is the faithful imitation of nature•Plato and Aristotle
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Themistokles von Eckenbrecher, Ustikt over Laedalsoren, 1901
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Intentionality Thesis
• Monroe Beardsley• An artwork is such because of the
artist’s intention that what he is making/fashioning is a work of art satisfying aesthetic interest
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Diego Velasquez, Las Meninas, 1656-57
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Communication Theory• Art communicates emotion
between the creator and the audience
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Edvard Munch, The Scream, 1893
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Edvard Munch, The Scream, 1893
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Institutional Theory of Art
• It is the artworld which determines whether something is a work of art. • Artworld- Museum directors,
gallery owners, academics, critics, etc.
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Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1917
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‘Readymades’- Duchamp
• By simply choosing, repositioning or joining, titling and signing it, the object becomes art