wcdma ran fudamental v1.0

7/17/2019 Wcdma Ran Fudamental v1.0

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/wcdma-ran-fudamental-v10 1/53

www.huawei.com

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

C!"A #A$%undamental



Page2Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

&'(ectives

)pon completion o* this course, you will 'e a'le to+

now the development o* -

&utline the advantage o* C!"A

Characteri/e code seuence

&utline the *undamentals o* #A$

!escri'e *eature o* wireless propagation




Contents

1. - &verview

2. C!"A rinciple

-. C!"A %undamental




Contents

1. 3G Overview

2. C!"A rinciple

-. C!"A %undamental




!i3erent 4ervice, !i3erent Technology

AMPS

TACS

NMT

Others

1 150sAnalog

GSM

CDMAIS-95

TDMAIS-136

PDC

2 1550s!igital

Technoloies!rive

-7"T82000

"MTS

#CDMA

c!$%&'''

De$%n!s!rive

TD-

SCDMA

3G provides co$(ositive services for both operators and subscribers




- 9volution

roposal o* - 7"T82000+ the general name o* third generation mo'ile

communication system

The third generation mo'ile communication was :rstproposed in 15;， and was renamed as 7"T82000 in

the year o* 1556

Commerciali/ation+ around the year o* 2000

or< 'and + around 2000"H/

The highest service rate +up to 2000'ps


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/wcdma-ran-fudamental-v10 7/53Page8Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

- 4pectrum Allocation



=ands C!"A )sed

"ain 'ands 1520 > 150"H/ ? 2110 > 21@0"H/

4upplementary 'ands+ di3erent country may'e di3erent

1;0 > 1510 "H/ ? 15-0 "H/ > 1550 "H/ )4AB

1@10 > 1@;"H/ ? 10; > 10"H/ apanB 50 > 51;"H/ ? 5-; > 560"H/ AustraliaB

%reuency channel num'er＝ central *reuencyD;, *ormain 'and+

)L *reuency channel num'er ： 5612～ 5 !L *reuency channel num'er + 10;62～ 10-



- Application 4ervice

Ti$e Del%)

*+,

%cro/n!

convers%tion%l

stre%$in

inter%ctive



The Core technology o* -+ C!"A

CDMA

#CDMAC$+ 'ased on "A and #4

#TT+ C!"A 8 %!!?T!!

TD-SCDMAC$+ 'ased on "A

#TT+ T!84C!"A

c!$%&'''C$+ 'ased on A$47 E1 and

"7#TT+ cdma2000



C!"A rotocol Fersion 9volution

3GPP ,el993GPP ,el0

3GPP ,el5

&''' &''1 &''&

4"?#4 C$

C!"A #TT

7"4

H4!A 3GPP ,el6

"="4

H4)A

&''5

C4 domain change to$$

C!"A #TT



C!"A 4ystem Architecture

,NS

,NC

,NS

,NC

Core Networ

No!e * No!e * No!e * No!e *

I/-CS I/-PS

I/r

I/ I/I/ I/

CN

"T,AN

"+"/

CS PS



rotocol "ode *or )T#A$ Terrestrial7nter*ace

The structure is 'ased on the principle that the layers andplanes are logically independent o* each other.

Application

Protocol

Data

Stream(s)

ALCAP(s)

ransport

!et"or#

La$er

P%$sical La$er

Signalling

&earer(s)

Control Plane 'ser Plane

ransport !et"or#

'ser Plane

ransport !et"or#

Control Plane

aio

!et"or#

La$er

Signalling

&earer(s)

Data

&earer(s)

ransport !et"or#

'ser Plane


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/wcdma-ran-fudamental-v10 14/53Page15


Contents

1. - &verview

&. CDMA Princi(le

-. C!"A %undamental


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/wcdma-ran-fudamental-v10 15/53Page1*


"ultiple Access and !upleG Technology "ultiple Access Technology

%reuency division multiple access %!"AB

Time division multiple access T!"AB

Code division multiple access C!"AB




"ultiple Access Technology

f r e q u e n

c y

t i m e

power

FDMA

f r e q u

e n c yt i m e

power

TDMA

power

t i m e

CDMA

f r e q u e n c y




"ultiple Access and !upleG Technology

!upleG Technology %reuency division dupleG %!!B

Time division dupleG T!!B




!upleG Technology

Time

Frequency

Power

DD

U!" #

U!" $

D%

U%

D%

D%

U%

+DD

Time

Frequency

Power

U% D%

U!" #

U!" $




Contents

1. - &verview

2. C!"A rinciple

3. #CDMA /n!%$ent%l




rocessing rocedure o* C!"A4ystem

So/rceCo!in

Ch%nnel

Co!in

S(re%!in Mo!/l%tion

So/rceDeco!in

Ch%nnelDeco!in

Des(re%!in

De$o!/l%tion

Tr%ns$ission

,ece(tion

chi( $o!/l%te!sin%l

it s)$ol

Service

Sin%l

,%!ioCh%nnel

Service

Sin%l

Transmitter

"eceiver




rocess ain

rocess ain

rocess gain di3ers *or each service.

7* the service 'it rate is greater, the process gain is

smaller, )9 needs more power *or this service, then the

coverage o* this service will 'e smaller, vice versa.

)ratebit

ratechiplog( 10Gainocess Pr =




C!"A 4ource Coding

A"# Adaptive "ulti8#ateB 4peech A integrated speech codec with

source rates.

The A"# 'it rates can 'e controlled 'y

the #A$ depending on the system load

and uality o* the speech connections.

Fideo hone 4ervice

H.324 is used *or F 4ervice in C4

domain. 7ncludes+ video codec, speech codec,

data protocols, multipleGing and etc.

COD+C *it ,%te

2(s

AM,41&.&

'

1&.& 2GSM

+,

AM,41'.&

'

1'.&

AM,4.95 .95

AM,4.0' .0 2TDMA

+,

AM,46.' 6. 2PDC +,

AM,45.9' 5.9AM,45.15 5.15

AM,40.5 0.5




C!"A Channel Coding

93ect 9nhance the correlation among sym'ols so as to recover the signal

when inter*erence occurs

rovides 'etter error correction at receiver, 'ut 'rings increment o*

the delay

Types

$o Coding

Convolutional Coding 1?2, 1?-B

Tur'o Coding 1?-B

Code &'oc(

of ) &its

)o Codin*

$+# Convo'utiona'Codin*

$+3 Convo'utiona'

Codin*

$+3 Turbo Codin*

Uncoded ) bits

Coded #),$- bits

Coded 3),#. bits

Coded 3),$# bits




C!"A 7nterleaving

93ect 7nterleaving is used to reduce the pro'a'ility o* consecutive 'its error

Longer interleaving periods have 'etter data protection with more delay

1110

1.........

............

...000

0100

/ / $ / / / / 0 0 0 $ / $ $ $

1110

1.........

............

...000

0010

/ / 1 / $ / 1 $ / / 1 $ / 1 $ $2nterco'umnpermutation

4utput bits

2nput bits

2nter'eavin* periods5

$/6 #/6 ./6 or 7/ ms



Page2*Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Correlation

Correlation measures similarity 'etween any two ar'itrarysignals.

7dentical and &rthogonal signals+

Corre'ation 8 /

4rtho*ona' si*na's

$ $ $ $

⊗$ $ $ $

$ $ $ $

,$

$

,$

$

,$

$

,$

$

Corre'ation 8 $2dentica' si*na's

$ $ $ $

⊗

$ $ $ $

$ $ $ $

C 1

C#

,$

,$

C$

C#




&rthogonal Code )sage 8 Coding

UE1: ＋ 1 －1

"+& － 1 1

C1 : －1 ＋ 1 － 1 ＋ 1 － 1 ＋ 1

－ 1 ＋ 1

C& 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1

UE1×c1 －1 ＋ 1 － 1 ＋ 1 ＋ 1 － 1

＋ 1 － 1

"+&7c& － 1 － 1 － 1 － 1 1 1

1 1




&rthogonal Code )sage 8!ecoding

UE1×C1＋ UE2×C2: － 2 0 － 2 0 ＋ 2

0 ＋ 2 0

UE1 Dispreading by c1: － 1 ＋ 1 － 1 ＋ 1 － 1 ＋ 1

－ 1 ＋ 1

Dispreading result: ＋ 2 0 ＋ 2 0 － 2

0 － 2 0

Integral judgment:＋

4 (means＋

1)－

4(means－ 1)

"+& Dis(re%!in ) c& 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1




4pectrum Analysis o* 4preading !ispreading

preadin* code

preadin* code

i*na'

Combination

)arrowband si*na'

f

P9f:

&roadband si*na'

P9f:

f

)oise ; 4ther i*na'

P9f:

f

)oise,&roadband si*na'

P9f:

f

"ecovered si*na'

P9f:

f




4pectrum Analysis o* 4preading !ispreading

M% %llowe!inter:erence

+;No,e</ire$ent

Power

M% inter:erencec%/se! ) "+

Processin G%in

+it

Inter:erence:ro$ other "+

+chi(

9' ? $o I 9c ? 7o D




4preading Technology

4preading consists o* 2 steps Channeli/ation operation, which trans*orms data sym'ols into chips

4cram'ling operation is applied to the spreading signal

Data bit

4<F

code

cramb'in*

code

Chips after

spreadin*




C!"A Channeli/ation Code

&F4% Code &rthogonal Faria'le 4preading %actorB is usedas channeli/ation code

F 8 7F 8 $ F 8 # F 8 .

Cc%,1,0 - (1)

Cc%,2,0 - (1,1)

Cc%,2,1 - (1, .1)

Cc%,4,0 - (1,1,1,1)

Cc%,4,1 - (1,1,.1,.1)

Cc%,4,2 - (1,.1,1,.1)

Cc%,4,3 - (1,.1,.1,1)

Cc%,8,0 - (1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)

Cc%,8,1 - (1,1,1,1,.1,.1,.1,.1)

Cc%,8,2 - (1,1,.1,.1,1,1,.1,.1)

Cc%,8,3 - (1,1,.1,.1,.1,.1,1,1)

Cc%,8,4 - (1,.1,1,.1,1,.1,1,.1)

Cc%,8,5 - (1,.1,1,.1,.1,1,.1,1)

Cc%,8,* - (1,.1,.1,1,1,.1,.1,1)

Cc%,8,7 - (1,.1,.1,1,.1,1,1,.1)

11




C!"A Channeli/ation Code

4% I chip rate ? sym'ol rate High data rates J low 4% code

Low data rates J high 4% code

,%!io e%rer S ,%!io e%rer SS(eech 0.5 "= 1&

>

S(eech 0.5 D= &56

S(eech 1&.& "= 60 S(eech 1&.& D= 1&>

D%t% 60 (s "= 16 D%t% 60 (s D= 3&

D%t% 1&> (s "= > D%t% 1&> (s D= 16

D%t% 100 (s "= > D%t% 100 (s D= 16

D%t% 3>0 (s "= 0 D%t% 3>0 (s D= >




urpose o* Channeli/ation Code

Channeli/ation code is used to distinguish di3erentphysical channels o* one transmitter

%or downlin<, channeli/ation code &F4% code B is used

to separate di3erent physical channels o* one cell

%or uplin<, channeli/ation code &F4% code B is used to

separate di3erent physical channels o* one )9




urpose o* 4cram'ling Code

4cram'ling code is used to distinguish di3erenttransmitters

%or downlin<, 4cram'ling code is used to separate

di3erent cells

%or uplin<, scram'ling code is used to separate

di3erent )9




4cram'ling Code

4cram'ling code+ &L! seuence. There are 22E long uplin< scram'ling codes which are used

*or scram'ling o* the uplin< !CCH?!!CH. )plin<

scram'ling codes are assigned 'y higher layers.

%or downlin< physical channels, 152 scram'ling codes

are used.




!ownlin< 4cram'ling Code

A (ri$%r) scr%$lin co!e %n! 15 secon!%r) scr%$lin co!es %re

incl/!e! in % set.

Scr%$lin

co!es :or

!ownlin

(h)sic%l

ch%nnels

Set '

Set 1

?

Set 511

Pri$%r)scr%$lin

co!e '

??

Secon!%r)scr%$lin co!e

1

Secon!%r)scr%$lin co!e

15Pri$%r)

scr%$linco!e 511@16

??

Secon!%r)scr%$lin

co!e511@1615

>19&scr%$lin

co!es51& sets

? ?

? ?




rimary 4cram'ling Code roup

Pri$%r)scr%$linco!es :or!ownlin

(h)sic%lch%nnels

Gro/( '

?

Pri$%r)scr%$lin

co!e '

??

Pri$%r)scr%$linco!e >@63

??

Pri$%r)scr%$lin

co!e >@63 51&(ri$%r)

scr%$linco!es

? ? ?

?

Gro/( 1

Gro/(63

Pri$%r)scr%$lin

co!e 1

Pri$%r)scr%$lin

co!e >

60 (ri$%r)scr%$lin

co!e ro/(s

+%ch ro/( consists o:> (ri$%r) scr%$lin

co!es




Code "ultipleGing

!ownlin< Transmission on a Cell Level

cramb'in* codecramb'in* code

Channe'i=ation code $Channe'i=ation code $

Channe'i=ation code #Channe'i=ation code #

Channe'i=ation code 3Channe'i=ation code 3

User $ si*na'

User # si*na'

User 3 si*na'

)ode&




Code "ultipleGing

)plin< Transmission on a Cell Level

)ode&

cramb'in* code 3

User 3 si*na'

Channe'i=ation code

cramb'in* code #

User # si*na'

Channe'i=ation code

cramb'in* code $

User $ si*na'

Channe'i=ation code




"odulation &verview

$ // $

time

&asic steady radio

wave5

carrier 8 A0cos9# Ft, :

Amp'itude hift

>eyin*5

A0cos9# Ft, :

Frequency hift

>eyin*5

A0cos9# Ft, :

Phase hift >eyin*5

A0cos9#

Ft, :

Data to be transmitted5

Di*ita' 2nput




"odulation &verview

!igital "odulation 8 =4

$

t

$ $/

$

t$

)"? codin*

f o

&P>

Modu'ated

&P>si*na'

Carrier

2nformationsi*na'

8/ 8 8/

$ $/# 3 . @7B -

$ $/# 3 . @7B -

Di*ita' 2nput

i*h Frequency

Carrier

&P> aveform




"odulation &verview

!igital "odulation 8 K4

$ $

$ $/# 3 . @7B -

$ $/# 3 . @7B -

)"? 2nput

2 di&it tream

E di&it tream

2

Component

E

Component

EP> aveform

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $




"odulation &verview

)"?codin*

@/o

)"?codin*

EP>

E9t:

29t:

f o

A

A Acos9ωot:

Acos9ωot , +#:

$ $ +.

$ $ +.

$ $ 3

+.

$ $ B

+.

)cos(2: φ ω +o AQPSK




!emodulation

K4 Constellation !iagram

$ $/# 3 . @7B -

EP> aveform

$6$

$6$

$6$

$6$

$ $$ $ $ $$$$ $

$6$

)"? 4utput




C!"A "odulation

!i3erent modulation methods corresponding todi3erent transmitting a'ilities in air inter*ace

/SDPA aopt 1*A994 aopt PS




ireless ropagation

"eceived

i*na'

Transmittedi*na'

Transmission %oss5

Path %oss , Mu'tipath Fadin*

Time

Amp'itude




ropagation o* #adio 4ignali*na' at Transmitter

i*na' at "eceiver

8E0

8-;

8-0

82;

82081;

810

8;

d =

0

0 d = m

82081;

810

8;

;

10

1;

2

0

Fadin*




%ading Categories

%ading Categories 4low %ading

%ast %ading




!iversity Techniue

!iversity techniue is used to o'tain uncorrelatedsignals *or com'ining

#educe the e3ects o* *ading

%ast *ading caused 'y multi8path

4low *ading caused 'y shadowing

7mprove the relia'ility o* communication

7ncrease the coverage and capacity




!iversity

Time diversity

Channel coding, =loc< interleaving

%reuency diversity

The user signal is distri'uted on the whole 'andwidth *reuency

spectrum

4pace diversity

#eceive space diversity

Transmit space diversity

olari/ation diversity

Fertical polari/ation

Hori/ontal polari/ation




rinciple o* #A9 #eceiver

"eceive set

Corre'ator $

Corre'ator #

Corre'ator 3

earcher

corre'ator

Ca'cu'ate the

time de'ay and

si*na' stren*th

Combiner The

combined

si*na'

tt

s9t: s9t:

"A>! receiver he'p to overcome on the mu'tipath fadin* and enhance the receive

performance of the system




4ummary

7n this course, we have discussed 'asic concepts o*C!"A+

4preading ? !espreading principle

)T#A$ Foice Coding

)T#A$ Channel Coding

)T#A$ 4preading Code

)T#A$ 4cram'ling Code

)T#A$ "odulation )T#A$ Transmission?#eceiving



%an# $o"""6%a"ei6com

wcdma ran fudamental v1.0

Documents