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Later this week you will receive link to: Presentation Recording of this webinar with narration Relevant links to SMARTEC website


Distributed Fiber Optic Sensorsfor Dams and Levee Deformation Monitoring

Daniele Inaudi

[email protected] SA, Manno, Switzerland

www.smartec.ch

Roctest, St. Lambert, Canadawww.roctest.com


Traditional sensors - equipment


Traditional sensors - equipment

???

?

?


Introducing distributed sensing

Sensing everywhere


Pipeline

Distributed Sensing Applications


DiTeSt / DiTemp Systems Distributed measurement of strain and/or

temperature Specialized cables for distributed sensing High spatial resolution: 1m Long range: up to 30km Long-term stability Dedicated software for data analysis on

visualization Cost-effective solution for large number of points


Optical scattering in silica fibers

T, εT, ε

T, εT, ε

Scattered LightScattered Light

λ0

DiTemp DiTeSt


Distributed Sensing

FF

eT1

Position [m]S

train

[me]

Reading Unit

Distributed Sensor0m

1m 100m

1000m

20km

T1

e

T2

T2

Position [m]

Tem

p. [°

C]


DiTeSt: Performances

Range: 30 km Spatial Resolution: 1 m over 1km 2 m at 30 km Strain precision: 20 με T precision : ± 1° C Measurement time: typ. 5 min


Cable Design

SMARTape: Strain sensing Temperature Cable

SMARTProfile: Strain and Temperature sensing

Hydro & Geo: Strain and Temperature sensing


Graphical User Interface

DamsDikes


Potential

sliding areaDistributed sensors, buried

Early settlement or sliding puts in tractionsensor parts in concerned areas Critical area

detected and localized

Potential settlement area

Settlements and slidings


Early detection and localization of movements Possibility to locate dike defects or overflow Possibility to check water level over long

distance

RiverDike Dike

Leakage of dams, dikes & river banks


Sensing cable in different layers for temperature monitoring during the concrete setting.

Sensing cable for monitoring the strain and temperature distribution dependent on the solar radiation, air/water temperature and water level.

Gravity dam


Sensing cable for monitoring the temperature gradient dependents on the solar radiation, air/water temperature and water level.

Monitoring Joints movements

Surface, gallery or borehole installation for old dams.

Embedded solution for dams under construction.

Arch dams


APPLICATION EXAMPLES

New Orleans LeveeNetherlands Levee stability testLatvia gravity damUSA Sinkhole detection


iLevee Project, New Orleans

[SMARTEC, Geocomp, New Orleans Levee District,Shannon and Wilson]


iLevee I-Wall monitoring test period

[SMARTEC, Geocomp, New Orleans Levee District, Shannon and Wilson]

Stra

in [µ

ε]


Field test: Ijkdijk Stability test, NL

[Source: Deltares]


Ijkdijk: Position of sensors

[Source: Deltares, Tencate, Inventec]


Ijkdijk: Failure mode

[Source: Deltares]


Ijkdijk Results

[Source: Deltares,Tencate, GeoPhyConsult]

Failure zone identified by high deformations at the edges.

A weak spot in the dike was discerned during the first excavation stage,42 hours before the dike really failed.


Plavinu Dam, Latvia Dam Monitoring Detection of concrete

cracks 250 m of SMARTape used 250 m of T sensor used Installation in a dam tunnel Automatic operation and

warning generation

[Source: VND3]


A total of 4 km of SMARTGeoTex Rope – DiTeSt were installed on a wide old-mine area

Sinkhole Monitoring, Kansas


Digging of the trench where the SMARTGeoTex Rope is deployed

Sinkhole Monitoring, Kansas


Sinkhole Monitoring: user interface


Response test

[Source: Burns & McDonnell]


Conclusions Fiber Optic sensors are an innovative, but well

proven technology useful for structural and geotechnical monitoring and instrumentation

Some unique features of FOS, in particular distributed sensing, open new application possibilities

Distributed sensing offers an ideal solution for the detection and localization of new conditions such as leakages, settlements, cracks, abnormal joint movements and others

Many successful application examples worldwide demonstrate the maturity of FOS technology

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Documents

nova metrix company

smartec website2013

min2013 smartec sa

strain precision

sensor cable

t precision

sofo bridge

fiber connection