WEATHER AND CLIMATE

Pictures and map concepts

WORLD MAP OF CLIMATES

HOT CLIMATES

Equatorial, Tropical and Desert.

Equatorial climate graph

Temp. + 18 ºc mean annual temperaturePrecip. +1500 mm per year. No dry season.Location: Equator, Amazonas, Congo, Indonesia.Rivers: regular flow

Equatorial landscape

Jungle. : dense forest of tall evergreen trees with large leaves. Soil: poor because of the abundant rainfall.Fauna: Monkeys, toucans, anacondas, panthers…

Tropical climates

Temp. + 18ºC.Precip. 750 – 1500 mm per year. DRY SEASON.Location. Between Tropics. Caribbean Sea, Central America, India, Indochina…Rivers: Irregular flow

TROPICAL LANDSCAPE

Vegetation: Jungle less thicker, where the rainy season is shorter is savannah (few trees, land covered with grass)Acacias, baobabs. Soil more fertile than Equatorial area.Fauna: elephants, zebras, rhinoceros…

DESERT CLIMATE

Temp. + 18 ºC mean annual temp.Precip. – 250 mm per yearRivers: wadis

DESERT LANDSCAPE

Vegetation: cacti, short grass.Soil is poor.Fauna: camels, foxes, scorpions…

MILD CLIMATES

MARITIME/ OCENIC CLIMATE

Temp: Mild winter and cool in summer.Precip. + 800 mm per yearLocation: Northern Europe, west of USA…Rivers: regular flow.

MARITIME LANDSCAPE

Vegetation: Decidious forest. Beech tree, oak.Moors and heathers.Soil: richFauna. Rabbits, wolves, deers…

MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE

Temp: Hot summers, mild winters.Precip: DRY SEASON. 300- 800 mm per year. Dry summers.Location: areas surrounding Mediterranean Sea, California..Rivers:Irregular.

MEDITERRANEAN LANDSCAPE

Evergreen trees: holm oak, cork oaks, pines…Bushes: thyme, rosemary, lavender…Soil. Fertile Fauna: rabbits, pigs, eagles…

CONTINENTAL CLIMATES

Temp: Very cold in winters (-3 ºc) hot summersPrecip: 300 – 800 mm. It rains mainly in summer.Location: Central and Eastern Europe, Central Asia…Rivers: irregular.

CONTINENTAL LANDSCAPE

Vegetation: Coniferous (taiga). Pines, grasslands…Soil: Poor.Fauna: Elks, bears, wolves…

COLD CLIMATES

POLAR CLIMATE

Temp: Very cold, many months below 0ºCPrecip: - 250 mm per yearRivers: glaciersLocation: Both Poles, northern Canada, Groenland…

POLAR LANDSCAPE

Vegetation: moss and lichens (tundra)

ALPINE CLIMATES

Temp. Very cold winter, cool summer.Precip. More than 800 mm. As you ascend rainfall increase.Vegetation: stepped because of elevation

HOW TO CRATE A CLIMATE GRAPH

1. Draw temperature as line graph in reda. the temperature scale is on the left hand side in °C b. Temperatures are plotted in the centre of the column for each month2. Draw rainfall as columns which touch each other.a. Shade the columns blue or blackb. The precipitation scale is on the right hand side in mmc. Mark a line across the column for each month. The columns join onto each other.

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Climate Graph

Describing annual temperature range Annual rainfall Descriptionover 1500 very high 1000 to 1500 high500 to 1000 moderate250 to 500 lowbelow 250 very low

Describing annual temperature range °C Descriptionbelow 5 small5 to 15 moderate15 to 30 largeabove 30 very large

Now you should study all the slides that you have seen

Mean annual temperature: By adding every monthly average and dividing the total by 12. In this case: 17.5 ºCPrecipitations: By adding each month´s average. rainfall In this case: 465 mm.Thermal amplitude: By substracting the highest temperature and the lowest one.25 – 11.5 = 13, 5. If it is below 15ºC it means is close to the coast. In this case it is Valencia.

Mean annual temperature: By adding every monthly average and dividing the total by 12. In this case: 14.6 ºCPrecipitations: By adding each month´s average. rainfall In this case: 351.5 mm.Thermal amplitude: By substracting the highest temperature and the lowest one.23.7 – 6.1= 17.6. If it is below 15ºC it means is close to the coast. In this case it is over 15ºC, it is not close to the coast, it is Zaragoza.

Take a look at this website

http://www4.uwsp.edu/geO/faculty/ritter/interactive_climate_map/climate_map.html